1
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Sobahi N, Alam MM, Imran M, Khan ME, Mohammad A, Yoon T, Mehedi IM, Hussain MA, Abdulaal MJ, Jiman AA. Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensors Composed of Polyaniline Nanofibers with High Electrochemical Performance. Molecules 2024; 29:2439. [PMID: 38893314 PMCID: PMC11173486 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The measurement of glucose concentration is a fundamental daily care for diabetes patients, and therefore, its detection with accuracy is of prime importance in the field of health care. In this study, the fabrication of an electrochemical sensor for glucose sensing was successfully designed. The electrode material was fabricated using polyaniline and systematically characterized using scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and UV-visible spectroscopy. The polyaniline nanofiber-modified electrode showed excellent detection ability for glucose with a linear range of 10 μM to 1 mM and a detection limit of 10.6 μM. The stability of the same electrode was tested for 7 days. The electrode shows high sensitivity for glucose detection in the presence of interferences. The polyaniline-modified electrode does not affect the presence of interferences and has a low detection limit. It is also cost-effective and does not require complex sample preparation steps. This makes it a potential tool for glucose detection in pharmacy and medical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebras Sobahi
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (N.S.)
| | - Md. Mottahir Alam
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (N.S.)
| | - Mohd Imran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ehtisham Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, College of Applied Industrial Technology, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akbar Mohammad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Gyeongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Yoon
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Gyeongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ibrahim M. Mehedi
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (N.S.)
- Center of Excellence in Intelligent Engineering Systems (CEIES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A. Hussain
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (N.S.)
| | - Mohammed J. Abdulaal
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (N.S.)
| | - Ahmad A. Jiman
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (N.S.)
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2
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Nagabooshanam S, Kumar A, Ramamoorthy S, Saravanan N, Sundaramurthy A. Rapid and sensitive electrochemical detection of oxidized form of glutathione in whole blood samples using Bi-metallic nanocomposites. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 346:140517. [PMID: 37879374 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
We report a facile one-pot synthesis of bimetallic nickel-gold (Ni-Au) nanocomposite for ultra-sensitive and selective electrochemical detection of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) by electrochemical deposition on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate. The electrodeposition of Ni-Au nanocomposite on FTO was confirmed by various characterization techniques such as field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was utilized for the electrochemical characterization of glutathione reductase (GR)/Ni-Au/FTO working electrode at each stage of modification. The GR enzyme immobilized on the Ni-Au/FTO working electrode via glutaraldehyde cross-linking exhibited excellent selectivity against GSSG in the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). The immobilized GR enzyme breaks down the GSSG to reduced glutathione (GSH) and converting NADPH to NADP+ whereby generating an electron for the electrochemical sensing of GSSG. The synergistic behavior of bimetals and good electro-catalytic property of the fabricated sensor provided a broad linear detection range from 1 fM to 1 μM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 6.8 fM, limit of quantification (LOQ) of 20.41 fM and sensitivity of 0.024 mA/μM/cm2. The interference with other molecules such as dopamine, glycine, ascorbic acid, uric acid and glucose was found to be negligible due to the better selectivity of GR enzyme towards GSSG. The shelf-life and response time of the fabricated electrode was found to be 30 days and 32 s, respectively. The real sample analysis of GSSG in whole blood samples showed average recovery percentage from 95 to 101% which matched well with the standard calibration plot of the fabricated sensor with relative standard deviation (RSD) below 10%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Nagabooshanam
- Biomaterials Research Laboratory (BMRL), Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Akash Kumar
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sharmiladevi Ramamoorthy
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nishakavya Saravanan
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy
- Biomaterials Research Laboratory (BMRL), Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Hossain MI, Hasnat MA. Recent advancements in non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor development for the detection of organophosphorus pesticides in food and environment. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19299. [PMID: 37662791 PMCID: PMC10474438 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Organophosphorus Pesticides (OPPs) are among the extensively used pesticides throughout the world to boost agricultural production. However, persistent residues of these toxic pesticides in various vegetables, fruits, and drinking water poses detrimental health effects. Consequently, the rapid monitoring of these harmful chemicals through simple and cost-effective methods has become crucial. In such an instance, electrochemical methods offer simple, rapid, sensitive, reproducible, and affordable detection pathways. To overcome the limitations associated with electrochemical enzymatic sensors, non-enzymatic sensors have emerged as promising and simpler alternatives. The non-enzymatic sensors have demonstrated superior activity, reaching detection limit up to femto (10-15) molar concentration in recent years, leveraging higher selectivity obtained through the molecularly imprinted polymers, synergistic effects between carbonaceous nanomaterials and metals, metal oxide alloys, and other alternative approaches. Herein, this review paper provides an overview of the recent advancements in the development of non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors for the detection of commonly used OPPs, such as Chlorpyrifos (CHL), Diazinon (DZN), Malathion (MTN), Methyl parathion (MP) and Fenthion (FEN). The design method of the electrodes, electrode functioning mechanism, and their analytical performance metrics, such as limit of detection, sensitivity, selectivity, and linearity range, were reviewed and compared. Furthermore, the existing challenges within this rapidly growing field were discussed along with their potential solutions which will facilitate the fabrication of advanced and sustainable non-enzymatic sensors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Imran Hossain
- Electrochemistry & Catalysis Research Laboratory (ECRL), Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad A. Hasnat
- Electrochemistry & Catalysis Research Laboratory (ECRL), Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
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4
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Ndunda EN, Mwanza MM. Towards miniaturized electrochemical sensors for monitoring of polychlorinated biphenyls. OPEN RESEARCH AFRICA 2023; 6:5. [PMID: 37224321 PMCID: PMC10192943 DOI: 10.12688/openresafrica.13983.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of our environment as a result of industrialization and other human activities is a growing concern due to the harmful effects of most chemicals that are released into the environment. Of particular interest are the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that are reported to be toxic and build up in the environment due to their persistence. Among the POPs are polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which were widely used in the past in various applications ranging from additives in pesticides to dielectric fluids in electrical equipment. As a way of protecting the one health trilogy (environment, human and animal health), their determination in the environment is a paramount call that has seen researchers continue to provide advanced technologies towards achieving this goal. These technologies involve the conventional gold standard gas chromatography systems coupled to sensitive detectors that can detect trace level concentrations. They have come in handy in monitoring of PCBs but their application for routing monitoring may not be sustainable because of the cost of operation associated with them and the need for experts to run the equipment. As a result, there is need for affordable systems that are still able to achieve the required sensitivity for routine monitoring and real-time data acquisition. Sensor systems fit very well in this category since they can be miniaturized for affordability and portray many other desirable features. PCBs as environmentally relevant environmental pollutants have received minimal attention with regards to sensor development and this review highlights the efforts that have been made so far. It provides in-depth discussions on electrochemical sensors and the various modifications that have been employed to date to achieve detection of PCBs at low concentrations as well as the future prospects in remote and routine monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Nthambi Ndunda
- Department of Physical Sciences, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Machakos University, Machakos, Machakos County, Kenya
| | - Moses Mutiso Mwanza
- Department of Physical Sciences, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Machakos University, Machakos, Machakos County, Kenya
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5
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Zhang Y, Tan L, Wang K, Wang N, Wang J. Highly Efficient Selective Extraction of Chlorpyrifos Residues from Apples by Magnetic Microporous Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Prepared by Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Surface Polymerization. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1046-1055. [PMID: 36621942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos, as a moderate toxic organophosphorus pesticide, is prone to lingering in the environment and cannot be monitored easily. In this study, a magnetic, microporous, molecularly imprinted polymer was synthesized by using the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization method. The synthesized materials were properly characterized in terms of morphology, selectivity, and sorption capacity and used as sorbents for magnetic solid phase extraction for the selective determination of chlorpyrifos in apple samples. Results showed that the magnetic microporous molecularly imprinted materials were rough and porous spheres at an average size of 5 nm. The materials were highly selective toward chlorpyrifos with a superior sorption capacity of 167.99 mg·g-1 and were resistant to the interference of competitive pollutants. After optimization, the recoveries of chlorpyrifos reached 96.2-106.5%, and the detection limit was 0.028 μg·kg-1 by HPLC. Based on these analytical validation results, the developed method could be effective at determining chlorpyrifos in apples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuewei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao266100, China
| | - Liju Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao266100, China
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao266100, China
| | - Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao266100, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao266100, China
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6
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Oliveira AEF, Pereira AC, Ferreira LF. Disposable electropolymerized molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for determination of breast cancer biomarker CA 15-3 in human serum samples. Talanta 2023; 252:123819. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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7
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Rawat R, Roy S, Goswami T, Mathur A. An Electroanalytical Flexible Biosensor Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide-DNA Hybrids for the Early Detection of Human Papillomavirus-16. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12092087. [PMID: 36140489 PMCID: PMC9498135 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12092087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Papilloma Virus 16 (HPV 16) is the well-known causative species responsible for triggering cervical cancer. When left undiagnosed and untreated, this disease leads to life-threatening events among the female populace, especially in developing nations where healthcare resources are already being stretched to their limits. Considering various drawbacks of conventional techniques for diagnosing this highly malignant cancer, it becomes imperative to develop miniaturized biosensing platforms which can aid in early detection of cervical cancer for enhanced patient outcomes. The current study reports on the development of an electrochemical biosensor based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/DNA hybrid modified flexible carbon screen-printed electrode (CSPE) for the detection of HPV 16. The carbon-coated SPEs were initially coated with rGO followed by probe DNA (PDNA) immobilization. The nanostructure characterization was performed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were employed to study the electrochemical characterization of the nano-biohybrid sensor surface. The optimization studies and analytical performance were assessed using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), eventually exhibiting a limit of detection (LoD) ~2 pM. The developed sensor was found to be selective solely to HPV 16 target DNA and exhibited a shelf life of 1 month. The performance of the developed flexible sensor further exhibited a promising response in spiked serum samples, which validates its application in future point-of-care scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reema Rawat
- Department of Allied Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Souradeep Roy
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIDRI), University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Tapas Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
- Correspondence: (T.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Ashish Mathur
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIDRI), University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
- Department of Physics, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
- Correspondence: (T.G.); (A.M.)
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8
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Lu J, Shan X, Wu Q, Sun Z, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Tian L. Solid-state electrochemiluminescence sensor based on zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 electrospinning nanofibers for chlorpyrifos detection. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:298. [PMID: 35902435 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05398-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel solid-state electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor for chlorpyrifos (CPF) detection was constructed based on zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 electrospinning nanofibers (ZIF-67 NFs). Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), ZIF-67 NFs, tris(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium(II) [Ru(bpy)32+], and Nafion were successively deposited on the surface of the electrode. Ag NPs played a role in promoting electron transfer, and ZIF-67 NFs played a role in fixing Ru(bpy)32+ and promoting electron transfer due to its large specific surface area and porosity. Nafion formed a film on the outermost layer of the electrode to further improve the stability of the system. Therefore, the modified electrode showed stable and obvious ECL signal in PBS solution containing 10 μL 0.01 M TprA (pH 8.0). CPF quenched the ECL signal of the system, and the quenching value was linear with the logarithm of CPF concentration in the range 1.0 × 10-13 to 1.0 × 10-6 M. The detection limit was 3.3 × 10-14 M (S/N = 3). In this study, ZIF-67 NFs were used as an ECL promoter for the first time, broadening the application range of ZIF-67 NFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lu
- College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangyu Shan
- College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wu
- College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Sun
- College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Tian
- College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Sradha S A, George L, P K, Varghese A. Recent advances in electrochemical and optical sensing of the organophosphate chlorpyrifos: a review. Crit Rev Toxicol 2022; 52:431-448. [PMID: 36178423 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2022.2122770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CP) is one of the most popular organophosphorus pesticides that is commonly used in agricultural and nonagricultural environments to combat pests. However, several concerns regarding contamination due to the unmitigated use of chlorpyrifos have come up over recent years. This has popularized research on various techniques for chlorpyrifos detection. Since conventional methods do not enable smooth detection, the recent trends of chlorpyrifos detection have shifted toward electrochemical and optical sensing techniques that offer higher sensitivity and selectivity. The objective of this review is to provide a brief overview of some of the important and innovative contributions in the field of electrochemical and optical sensing of chlorpyrifos with a primary focus on the comparative advantages and shortcomings of these techniques. This review paper will help to offer better perspectives for research in organophosphorus pesticide detection in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athira Sradha S
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
| | - Louis George
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
| | - Keerthana P
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
| | - Anitha Varghese
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
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10
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Jara MDL, Alvarez LAC, Guimarães MCC, Antunes PWP, de Oliveira JP. Lateral flow assay applied to pesticides detection: recent trends and progress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:46487-46508. [PMID: 35507227 PMCID: PMC9067001 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20426-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Devices based on lateral flow assay (LFA) have been gaining more and more space in the detection market mainly due to their simplicity, speed, and low cost. These devices have excellent sensing format versatility and make these strips an ideal choice for field applications. The COVID-19 pandemic boosted the democratization of this method as a "point of care testing" (POCT), and the trend is that these devices become protagonists for the monitoring of pesticides in the environment. However, designing LFA devices for detecting and monitoring pesticides in the environment is still a challenge. This is because analytes are small molecules and have only one antigenic determinant, which makes it difficult to apply direct immunoassays. Furthermore, most LFA devices provide only qualitative or semi-quantitative results and have a limited number of applications in multi-residue analysis. Here, we present the state of the art on the use of LFA in the environmental monitoring of pesticides. Based on well-documented results, we review all available LFA formats and strategies for pesticide detection, which may have important implications for the future of monitoring pesticides in the environment. The main advances, challenges, and perspectives of these devices for a direction in this field of study are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Daniela Lazo Jara
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Av Marechal Campos1468, Vitória, ES, 29.040-090, Brazil
| | | | - Marco C C Guimarães
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Av Marechal Campos1468, Vitória, ES, 29.040-090, Brazil
| | - Paulo Wagnner Pereira Antunes
- Bioengen Consulting, Engineering and Environmental Planning, R. Belo Horizonte, Lote 05-Quadra W - Alterosas, Serra, ES, 29168-068, Brazil
| | - Jairo Pinto de Oliveira
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Av Marechal Campos1468, Vitória, ES, 29.040-090, Brazil.
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11
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Huang X, Liu Q, Zhang W, Wu Z, Wang Y, Li J, Xiong B, Xian Z. Bilobalide molecularly imprinted polymers prepared using
MWCNTs
/
ZIF
‐67 composite as supporter for solid‐phase extraction of bilobalide from real samples. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐Process of Ministry of Education, school of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐Process of Ministry of Education, school of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐Process of Ministry of Education, school of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China
| | - Zeyu Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐Process of Ministry of Education, school of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China
| | - Yunchun Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐Process of Ministry of Education, school of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China
| | - Jianwen Li
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐Process of Ministry of Education, school of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China
| | - Baoyi Xiong
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐Process of Ministry of Education, school of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China
| | - Zhaojun Xian
- Engineering Research Center of Bio‐Process of Ministry of Education, school of Food and Biological Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China
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12
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Metwally MG, Benhawy AH, Khalifa RM, El Nashar RM, Trojanowicz M. Application of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in the Analysis of Waters and Wastewaters. Molecules 2021; 26:6515. [PMID: 34770924 PMCID: PMC8587002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase of the global population and shortage of renewable water resources urges the development of possible remedies to improve the quality and reusability of waste and contaminated water supplies. Different water pollutants, such as heavy metals, dyes, pesticides, endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), and pharmaceuticals, are produced through continuous technical and industrial developments that are emerging with the increasing population. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) represent a class of synthetic receptors that can be produced from different types of polymerization reactions between a target template and functional monomer(s), having functional groups specifically interacting with the template; such interactions can be tailored according to the purpose of designing the polymer and based on the nature of the target compounds. The removal of the template using suitable knocking out agents renders a recognition cavity that can specifically rebind to the target template which is the main mechanism of the applicability of MIPs in electrochemical sensors and as solid phase extraction sorbents. MIPs have unique properties in terms of stability, selectivity, and resistance to acids and bases besides being of low cost and simple to prepare; thus, they are excellent materials to be used for water analysis. The current review represents the different applications of MIPs in the past five years for the detection of different classes of water and wastewater contaminants and possible approaches for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud G. Metwally
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (M.G.M.); (A.H.B.); (R.M.K.)
| | - Abdelaziz H. Benhawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (M.G.M.); (A.H.B.); (R.M.K.)
| | - Reda M. Khalifa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (M.G.M.); (A.H.B.); (R.M.K.)
| | - Rasha M. El Nashar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (M.G.M.); (A.H.B.); (R.M.K.)
| | - Marek Trojanowicz
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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Che Lah NF, Ahmad AL, Low SC, Zaulkiflee ND. Isotherm and Electrochemical Properties of Atrazine Sensing Using PVC/MIP: Effect of Porogenic Solvent Concentration Ratio. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:657. [PMID: 34564474 PMCID: PMC8468889 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11090657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Widespread atrazine use is associated with an increasing incidence of contamination of drinking water. Thus, a biosensor using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) was developed to detect the amount of atrazine in water to ensure prevention of exposure levels that could lead to reproductive effects in living organisms. In this study, the influence of the porogen on the selectivity of MIPs was investigated. The porogen plays a pivotal role in molecular imprinting as it affects the physical properties and governs the prepolymerization complex of the resulting polymer, which in turn firmly defines the recognition properties of the resulting molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). Therefore, bulk MIPs against atrazine (Atr) were synthesized based on methacrylic acid (MAA) as a functional monomer and ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a crosslinker; they were prepared in toluene and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The imprinting factor, binding capacity, and structural stability were evaluated using the respective porogenic solvents. Along with the characterization of the morphology of the obtained polymers via SEM and BET analysis, the kinetic and adsorption analyses were demonstrated and verified. The highest imprinting factor, binding capacity, and the highest structural stability were found to be on polymer synthesized in a medium of MAA and EGDMA, which contained 90% toluene and 10% DMSO as porogen. Moreover, the response for Atr concentrations by the PVC-based electrochemical sensor was found to be at a detection limit of 0.0049 μM (S/N = 3). The sensor proved to be an effective sensor with high sensitivity and low Limit of Detection (LOD) for Atr detection. The construction of the sensor will act as a baseline for a fully functionalized membrane sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdul Latif Ahmad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Malaysia; (N.F.C.L.); (S.C.L.); (N.D.Z.)
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