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Zhang J, Chen W, Li H, Zhao F, Yi J, Jin B, Peng R. Preparation of Zn-Co Bimetallic Catalysts and Their Catalytic Properties for Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39021329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
This research delves into the preparation of heteronuclear bimetallic catalysts and explores their catalytic properties in the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). The study's central focus is on enhancing the thermal decomposition characteristics of AP and, consequently, the combustion performance of composite solid propellants. The synthesized materials underwent structural characterization by XRD, XPS, SEM, and FTIR. Catalytic properties were examined using DTA tests. Notably, catalysts derived from calcination at 500 °C exhibited heightened catalytic activity. They advanced the pyrolysis temperature by 135.4 °C and reduced the activation energy by 82.38 kJ/mol compared with pure AP. To further elucidate the decomposition mechanism of AP, the investigation also employed a combined approach involving DSC-TG-FTIR-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Wanli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Haijian Li
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Fengqi Zhao
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Jianhua Yi
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Bo Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Rufang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
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2
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Zhao J, Qin Y, Liu Y, Shi Y, Lin Q, Cai M, Jia Z, Yu C, Shang A, Fei Y, Zhang J. Cobalt/Iron Bimetallic Biochar Composites for Lead(II) Adsorption: Mechanism and Remediation Performance. Molecules 2024; 29:1595. [PMID: 38611873 PMCID: PMC11013323 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The performance of nano-zero-valent iron for heavy metal remediation can be enhanced via incorporation into bimetallic carbon composites. However, few economical and green approaches are available for preparing bimetallic composite materials. In this study, novel Co/Fe bimetallic biochar composites (BC@Co/Fe-X, where X = 5 or 10 represents the CoCl2 concentration of 0.05 or 0.1 mol L-1) were prepared for the adsorption of Pb2+. The effect of the concentration of cross-linked metal ions on Pb2+ adsorption was investigated, with the composite prepared using 0.05 mol L-1 Co2+ (BC@Co/Fe-5) exhibiting the highest adsorption performance. Various factors, including the adsorption period, Pb2+ concentration, and pH, affected the adsorption of Pb2+ by BC@Co/Fe-5. Further characterisation of BC@Co/Fe-5 before and after Pb2+ adsorption using methods such as X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggested that the Pb2+ adsorption mechanism involved (i) Pb2+ reduction to Pb0 by Co/Fe, (ii) Co/Fe corrosion to generate Fe2+ and fix Pb2+ in the form of PbO, and (iii) Pb2+ adsorption by Co/Fe biochar. Notably, BC@Co/Fe-5 exhibited excellent remediation performance in simulated Pb2+-contaminated water and soil with good recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Function Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 Longkunnan Road, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Yuhong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Function Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 Longkunnan Road, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Function Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 Longkunnan Road, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Yunlong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Function Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 Longkunnan Road, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Function Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 Longkunnan Road, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Miao Cai
- Hainan Pujin Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Haikou 570125, China
| | - Zhenya Jia
- Hainan Huantai Environmental Resources Co., Ltd., Haikou 571158, China
| | - Changjiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Function Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 Longkunnan Road, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Anqi Shang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Function Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 Longkunnan Road, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Yuxiao Fei
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Function Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 Longkunnan Road, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Function Material of Haikou City, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 Longkunnan Road, Haikou 571158, China
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3
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Osman AF, El Balaa H, El Samad O, Awad R, Badawi MS. Assessment of X-ray shielding properties of polystyrene incorporated with different nano-sizes of PbO. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2023; 62:235-251. [PMID: 36939894 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-023-01017-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
PbO (lead oxide) particles with different sizes were incorporated into polystyrene (PS) with various weight fractions (0, 10, 15, 25, 35%). These novel PS/PbO nano-composites were produced by roll mill mixing and compressing molding techniques and then investigated for radiation attenuation of X-rays (N-series/ISO 4037) typically used in radiology. Properties of the PbO particles were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Filler dispersion and elemental composition of the prepared nano-composites were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), revealing better filler distribution and fewer agglomerations with smaller PbO particle size. Linear and mass attenuation coefficients (μ and μm), total molecular and atomic cross-sections (σmol and σatm), as well as effective atomic number and electron density (Zeff and Neff), were calculated for the energy range N40 to N200. The influence of PbO weight percentage on the enhancement of the shielding parameters of the nano-composites was expected; however, the effect of PbO particle size was surprising. Linear and mass attenuation coefficients for PS/PbO composites increased gradually with increasing PbO concentrations, and composites with a small size of nanoparticles showed best performance. In addition, increasing PbO concentration raised the effective atomic number Zeff of the composite. Hence, the electron density Neff increased, which provided a higher total interaction cross-section of X-rays with the composites. Maximum radiation shielding was observed for PS/PbO(B). It is concluded that this material might be used in developping low-cost and lightweight X-ray shielding to be used in radiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Firas Osman
- Department of Physics, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission, National Council for Scientific Research, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hanna El Balaa
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission, National Council for Scientific Research, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Omar El Samad
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission, National Council for Scientific Research, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ramadan Awad
- Department of Physics, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed S Badawi
- Department of Physics, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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4
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Jiang FZ, Hao HC, Hu ZY, Chen S, Li ZY. Immobilization effect of heavy metals in biochar via the copyrolysis of sewage sludge and apple branches. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 329:117073. [PMID: 36549065 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The excess sludge produced by sewage treatment plants can be recycled into energy through pyrolysis, and the byproduct biochar can be used for soil remediation. However, the heavy metals in sludge are retained in biochar after pyrolysis and may cause secondary pollution during its soil application. Herein, a fast copyrolysis method of activated sludge (AS) and apple branches (AT) was proposed to immobilize heavy metals while improving bio-oil yield. The results showed that the heavy metal release from the copyrolyzed biochar was markedly reduced compared with that from the biochar produced through the pyrolysis of AS alone (78% for Cr and 28% for Pb). The kinetic behavior of ion release from different biochars could be described by a first-order kinetic model. The excellent fixation of heavy metals was attributed to complexation by abundant oxygen-containing surface functional groups (-O-, =O, and -CHO) that were mainly donated by AT. Furthermore, high-temperature pyrolysis was conducive to the fixation of metals, and the release of Pb2+ and Cr3+ from the biochar pyrolyzed at 600 °C was approximately 2/3 and 1/10 of that from the biochar pyrolyzed at 400 °C, respectively. A growth experiment on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli revealed that the toxicity of the copyrolyzed biochar was greatly reduced. This work can provide a method for heavy metal fixation and simultaneous resource recovery from organic wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Zhou Jiang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hong-Chao Hao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zi-Ying Hu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Zi-Yan Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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5
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Liu D, Xuan C, Xiao L, Hu Y, Zhang G, Zhao F, Gao H, Jiang W, Hao G. Dense, Three-Dimensional, Highly Absorbent, Graphene Oxide Aerogel Coating on ZnCo 2O 4/ZnO Particles Exerts a Synergistic Catalytic Effect for Ammonium Perchlorate Thermal Decomposition. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:15234-15244. [PMID: 36453942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As a new type of carbon material, graphene oxide aerogel (GA) is widely used in catalysis due to its porous structure, high-efficiency adsorption, and superb conductivity. In this study, GA was prepared into a dense coating layer surrounding ZnCo2O4/ZnO particles to form a composite GA-ZnCo2O4/ZnO by means of a hydrothermal, blast drying, and vacuum-freeze-drying approach applied to catalyze the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). The physicochemical properties of the obtained GA-ZnCo2O4/ZnO were characterized by different analytical methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis exhibited that GA is coated on the surface of ZnCo2O4/ZnO, forming a dense layer. Brunner Emmet Teller (BET) measurement results show that GA-ZnCo2O4/ZnO has a smooth macropore distribution curve and a larger specific surface area. Moreover, The catalytic effect investigation on AP with GA-ZnCo2O4/ZnO: the high temperature decomposition (HTD) peak temperature of AP in the presence of 5 wt % GA-ZnCo2O4/ZnO was reduced from 441 to 294 °C, and the exotherm of AP was expanded from 205 to 1275 J/g at a heating rate of 15 °C/min. Through the calculation, GA-ZnCo2O4/ZnO makes the activation energy and Gibbs free energy of the AP pyrolysis lower so that the reaction is easier to occur. Thermogravimetric-mass (TG-MS) spectrometry revealed that during thermal decomposition of AP, GA-ZnCo2O4/ZnO leveraged the synergistic catalysis of ZnCo2O4/ZnO and GA that boosted the flow of electrons from ClO4- to O2 and increased the absorption of the gas product to accelerate the AP pyrolysis. These results provided a facile strategy to prepare GA-based composite catalysts with extraordinary application prospects in the domain of solid propellants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqi Liu
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Chunlei Xuan
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Lei Xiao
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Yubing Hu
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Guangpu Zhang
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Fengqi Zhao
- Xi' an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an710065, China
| | - Hongxu Gao
- Xi' an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an710065, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Gazi Hao
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
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6
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Sharma A, Bhardwaj U, Jain D, Kushwaha HS. NaNbO 3 Nanorods: Photopiezocatalysts for Elevated Bacterial Disinfection and Wastewater Treatment. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:7595-7605. [PMID: 35284758 PMCID: PMC8908499 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, ferroelectric sodium niobate (NaNbO3) nanorods are formulated to attain photopiezocatalysis for water pollutant degradation and bacterial disinfection. NaNbO3 nanorods, integrating the advantages of photocatalysis (generation of free charge carriers) and piezocatalysis (separation of these charge carriers), possess synergistic effects, which results in a higher catalytic activity than photocatalysis and piezocatalysis alone. Active species that are involved in the catalytic process are found to be •O2 - < OH• < h+, indicating the significance of piezocatalysis and photocatalysis. The degradation efficiency of sodium niobate (NaNbO3) nanorods for Rhodamine B in the presence of both sunlight and ultrasonic vibration is 98.9% within 60 min (k = 7.6 × 10-2 min-1). The piezo potential generated by NaNbO3 nanorods was reported to be 16 V. The antibacterial activity of the produced sample was found to be effective against Escherichia coli. With inhibitory zones of 23 mm, sodium niobate has a greater antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Sharma
- Materials
Research Centre, Malaviya National Institute
of Technology Jaipur (MNITJ), Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Upasana Bhardwaj
- Materials
Research Centre, Malaviya National Institute
of Technology Jaipur (MNITJ), Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Devendra Jain
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur 313001, India
| | - Himmat Singh Kushwaha
- Materials
Research Centre, Malaviya National Institute
of Technology Jaipur (MNITJ), Jaipur 302017, India
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7
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Zhang J, Zhao J, Jin B, Peng R. Gas–solid two-phase flow method for preparing trimesic acid series MOFs for catalytic thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:17620-17628. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02303b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Zn–BTC, Co–BTC and Zn–Co–BTC series MOFs were prepared by using the GSF device and applied in the catalytic thermal decomposition of AP to change the high-temperature thermal decomposition peak of AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Bo Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Rufang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
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8
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Li S, Niu Z, Jiao Y, Jin P, Yang D, Bai C, Liu J, Li G, Luo Y. Preparation of different morphology Cu/GO nanocomposites and their catalytic performance for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. RSC Adv 2022; 12:22806-22814. [PMID: 36106003 PMCID: PMC9376859 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03772f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cu nanoparticles are more active catalytically than CuO nanoparticles, which have been widely studied as catalysts for organic synthesis, electrochemistry, and optics. However, Cu nanoparticles are easily agglomerated and oxidized in air. In this research, columnar, flower-like, bubble-like and teardrop-shaped Cu/GO nanocomposites were fabricated via a water-solvent thermal method and high temperature calcination technique using deionized water (H2O), methanol (CH3OH), ethanol (CH3CH2OH) and ethylene glycol (EG) as the solvent, respectively. The structures, the morphology and the catalytic performance and catalytic mechanism for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) of the Cu/GO nanocomposites have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption tests (BET), simultaneous thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC) and thermogravimetric couplet with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA–FTIR), respectively. The experimental results show that the morphology of the Cu/GO nanocomposites has a significant effect on the surface area and the teardrop-shaped Cu/GO nanocomposites have the largest specific surface area and the best catalytic performance among them. When 5 wt% of the Cu/GO nanocomposites was added, the decomposition temperature of AP decreased from 426.3 °C to 345.5 °C and the exothermic heat released from the decomposition of AP increased from 410.4 J g−1 to 4159.4 J g−1. In addition, the four morphological Cu/GO nanocomposites exhibited good stability, their catalytic performance for thermal decomposition of AP remained stable after 1 month in air. Excellent catalytic performance and stability were attributed to the strong catalytic activity of pure metal nanoparticles, and GO can accelerate electron movement and inhibit the agglomeration of nanoparticles, as well as the multiple effects of inhibiting the oxidation of Cu nanoparticles in air. Therefore, it has important application potential in high-energy solid propellant. Cu nanoparticles are more active catalytically than CuO nanoparticles, which have been widely studied as catalysts for organic synthesis, electrochemistry, and optics.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ziteng Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuke Jiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Peng Jin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Desheng Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chaofei Bai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiaran Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Guoping Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory for Ministry of Education of High Energy Density Materials, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yunjun Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Key Laboratory for Ministry of Education of High Energy Density Materials, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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9
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Osman A, El B, El S, Alsayed Z, Awad R, Badawi M. Effect of PbO incorporation with different particle size on X-ray attenuation of polystyrene. NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY AND RADIATION PROTECTION 2022. [DOI: 10.2298/ntrp2201018o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead oxide (PbO) bulk and nanoparticles of two different sizes (A = 78 nm and
B = 54 nm) are incorporated separately into the polystyrene matrix at
various concentrations (0, 10, 15, 25, and 35 %) using roll mill mixing and
compressing molding techniques. The X-ray narrow-spectrum series (N-series
/ ISO 4037-1) is then used to investigate the radiation attenuation
capability of the novel polymer composite PS/PbO, as well as the effect of
varying PbO particle sizes on shielding performance. The filler dispersion
and chemical elemental analysis of the synthesized composite are
investigated using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive
X-ray spectroscopy. To determine the mass attenuation coefficients ?m,
samples with various thicknesses of the synthesized composite are examined
using a range of X-ray energies, and the experimental data are compared to
theoretical values from NIST databases (XCOM and FFAST). The results
indicate that either increasing the filler weight percentage or, decreasing
the filler particle size, enhanced the attenuation parameters throughout all
energies. The composite containing the smallest nanosize of PbO exhibited
the maximum radiation shielding efficacy among all combinations and
therefore, might be used to develop low-cost and lightweight X-ray shields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Osman
- Department of Physics, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon + Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission, National Council for Scientific Research, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Balaa El
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission, National Council for Scientific Research, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samad El
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission, National Council for Scientific Research, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zainab Alsayed
- Department of Physics, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ramadan Awad
- Department of Physics, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed Badawi
- Department of Physics, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon + Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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10
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Jing T, Heng X, Guifeng X, Ling C, Pingyun L, Xiaode G. Highly stretchable, high efficiency room temperature self-healing polyurethane adhesive based on hydrogen bonds – applicable to solid rocket propellants. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00439e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of weak hydrogen bonds based on the isophorone structure enables the polymer to have high stretchability and self-healing ability at room temperature to heal propellant damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu Jing
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Xu Heng
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Xiang Guifeng
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Chen Ling
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Li Pingyun
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Guo Xiaode
- National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
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