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Temperature and pressure effects on the hydrogen-bonding Hansen solubility parameter: Cases of n-alkanols (C1-C5). J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Study of Antioxidant Activity of Garden Blackberries (Rubus fruticosus L.) Extracts Obtained with Different Extraction Solvents. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12084004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Blackberries are rich in antioxidants due to their high polyphenol and vitamin content, making them an excellent source of health protection. It is well known that good quality juices and fruit extracts can be obtained only from high quality fruits. The aim of this research is to characterize the antioxidant properties of garden blackberries fruits grown in Turia (Romania). Extracts were made from blackberry fruits with four different solvents, and the antioxidant capacity was studied by applying DPPH and FRAP assay. The total phenolic content (with Folin–Ciocâlteu reagent), total anthocyanin content (with the pH differential method), and total flavonoid content (with aluminum chloride colorimetric method) were also measured. The quercetin and gallic acid content were also determined by HPLC-DAD. As the best results were obtained with 90% v/v acidified acetonitrile, the Hansen parameters analysis was performed for the acetonitrile-water solvent mixture as a solvent and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside as a solute.
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Mur R, Langa E, Pino-Otín MR, Urieta JS, Mainar AM. Concentration of Antioxidant Compounds from Calendula officinalis through Sustainable Supercritical Technologies, and Computational Study of Their Permeability in Skin for Cosmetic Use. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010096. [PMID: 35052598 PMCID: PMC8773024 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing interest in the cosmetic industry in using compounds of natural and sustainable origin that are safe for humans is encouraging the development of processes that can satisfy these needs. Chlorogenic acid (CHA), caffeic acid (CAF) and ferulic acid (FA) are three compounds widely used within the cosmetic industry due to their functionalities as antioxidants, collagen modifiers or even as radiation protectors. In this work, two advanced separation techniques with supercritical CO2 are used to obtain these three compounds from Calendula officinalis, and these are then evaluated using a computational skin permeability model. This model is encompassed by the COSMO-RS model, the calculations of which make it possible to study the behaviour of the compounds in the epidermis. The results show that both CAF and FA are retained in the stratum corneum, while CHA manages to penetrate to the stratum spinosum. These compounds were concentrated by antisolvent fractionation with super-critical CO2 using a Response Surface Methodology to study the effect of pressure and CO2 flow rate. CHA, CAF and FA were completely retained in the precipitation vessel, with concentrations between 40% and 70% greater than in the original extract. The conditions predicted that the optimal overall yield and enrichment achieved would be 153 bar and 42 g/min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Mur
- GATHERS Group, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Universidad de Zaragoza, c/. Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (R.M.); (J.S.U.)
| | - Elisa Langa
- Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca Km. 299, 50830 Villanueva de Gallego, Spain; (E.L.); (M.R.P.-O.)
| | - M. Rosa Pino-Otín
- Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca Km. 299, 50830 Villanueva de Gallego, Spain; (E.L.); (M.R.P.-O.)
| | - José S. Urieta
- GATHERS Group, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Universidad de Zaragoza, c/. Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (R.M.); (J.S.U.)
| | - Ana M. Mainar
- GATHERS Group, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Universidad de Zaragoza, c/. Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (R.M.); (J.S.U.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-976761195
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