Development of a New Ternary Al2O3-HAP-Pd Catalyst for Diethyl Ether and Ethylene Production Using the Preferential Dehydration of Ethanol

Utilizing Undissolved Portion (UNP) of Cement Kiln Dust as a Versatile Multicomponent Catalyst for Bioethylene Production from Bioethanol: An Innovative Approach to Address the Energy Crisis

This study focuses on upcycling cement kiln dust (CKD) as an industrial waste by utilizing the undissolved portion (UNP) as a multicomponent catalyst for bioethylene production from bioethanol, offering an environmentally sustainable solution. To maximize UNP utilization, CKD was dissolved in nitric acid, followed by calcination at 500 °C for 3 h in an oxygen atmosphere. Various characterization techniques confirmed that UNP comprises five different compounds with nanocrystalline particles exhibiting an average crystal size of 47.53 nm. The UNP catalyst exhibited a promising bioethylene yield (77.1%) and selectivity (92%) at 400 °C, showcasing its effectiveness in converting bioethanol to bioethylene with outstanding properties. This exceptional performance can be attributed to its distinctive structural characteristics, including a high surface area and multiple-strength acidic sites that facilitate the reaction mechanism. Moreover, the UNP catalyst displayed remarkable stability and durability, positioning it as a strong candidate for industrial applications in bioethylene production. This research underscores the importance of waste reduction in the cement industry and offers a sustainable path toward a greener future.

Effect of Strontium Modification in Mg-Al Mixed Oxide Catalysts on Product Distribution toward Catalytic Reaction of Ethanol

The aim of this research was to examine the effect of strontium content in the MgAlO catalyst for the catalytic ethanol reaction on the product distribution. The structure of the catalysts and the actual amount of strontium on the catalysts were verified using XRD and ICP techniques, respectively. The acid and basic strength characteristics of catalysts were examined using NH3-TPD and CO2-TPD techniques, respectively. The strontium content was found to influence the textural properties and the acidic and basic characteristics of the catalysts, leading to differences in product selectivity and ethanol conversion. The MgAlO catalyst with 1.9 wt % strontium provided the maximum ethylene and butanol selectivity, probably due to the presence of appropriate medium acidic and strong basic sites. All catalysts can efficiently produce ethylene by a dehydration reaction and acetaldehyde by a dehydrogenation reaction. Acetaldehyde selectivity was dominant with increased strontium loading.