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Hwang U, Nam JD. Frequency-Selective Radar-Absorbing Composites Using Hybrid Core-Shell Spheres. ACS NANO 2024; 18:12225-12234. [PMID: 38697128 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Radar-absorbing materials (RAMs) covering the exterior surfaces of installed parts and assembled devices are crucial in absorbing most incident electromagnetic (EM) waves. This absorption minimizes reflected energy, thereby enhancing pilot safety and the stability of operating electronic devices without interference. Particularly, active stealth aircraft require effective protection from near- and far-field EM radiation across a wide spectrum of frequencies from both highly integrated electronic components and advanced enemy radars. Studies of RAMs often prioritize absorption over crucial tunability in frequency selectivity, revealing a research gap. In this study, we propose smart RAMs with frequency-selective absorption capabilities. Our approach involves incorporating two types of core-shell spheres in a polymer matrix, which feature shells of either wave-diffuse reflecting metal or wave-absorbing graphene. The key innovation lies in the ability to tailor absorption frequencies in the X-band range (8.2-12.4 GHz) by adjusting the interstitial spaces between the metallic spheres while the scattered waves are efficiently attenuated by graphene networks in the composites. On a metal substrate, a 2 mm-thick composite with an optimized structural composition and ratio of the two types of spheres exhibits a maximum absorption efficiency of 99.3%, effectively trapping and extinguishing incident waves. Combined with the structural tunability and frequency-selective properties of spherical fillers, our approach provides a scalable and effective method for creating functional isotropic coverings on various metallic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uiseok Hwang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Do Nam
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Liu Y, Tuo P, Dai FZ, Yu Z, Lai W, Ding Q, Yan P, Gao J, Hu Y, Hu Y, Fan Y, Jiang W. A Highly Deficient Medium-Entropy Perovskite Ceramic for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding under Harsh Environment. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2400059. [PMID: 38684087 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Materials that can provide reliable electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding in highly oxidative atmosphere at elevated temperature are indispensable in the fast-developing aerospace field. However, most of conductor-type EMI shielding materials such as metals can hardly withstand the high-temperature oxidation, while the conventional dielectric-type materials cannot offer sufficient shielding efficiency in gigahertz (GHz) frequencies. Here, a highly deficient medium-entropy (ME) perovskite ceramic as an efficient EMI shielding material in harsh environment, is demonstrated. The synergistic effect of entropy stabilization and aliovalent substitution on A-site generate abnormally high concentration of Ti and O vacancies that are stable under high-temperature oxidation. Due to the clustering of vacancies, the highly deficient perovskite ceramic exhibits giant complex permittivity and polarization loss in GHz, leading to the specific EMI shielding effectiveness above 30 dB/mm in X-band even after 100 h of annealing at 1000 °C in air. Along with the low thermal conductivity, the aliovalent ME perovskite can serve as a bifunctional shielding material for applications in aircraft engines and reusable rockets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Institute of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Ping Tuo
- AI for Science Institute, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Fu-Zhi Dai
- AI for Science Institute, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Zhiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wei Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Qi Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Institute of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Peng Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Institute of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Institute of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yunfeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Institute of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yixuan Hu
- Material Science and Engineering School, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuchi Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Institute of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Institute of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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Ahmed S, Li B, Luo S, Liao K. Heterogeneous Ti 3C 2T x MXene-MWCNT@MoS 2 Film for Enhanced Long-Term Electromagnetic Interference Shielding in the Moisture Environment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:49458-49467. [PMID: 37844286 PMCID: PMC10614194 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
MXene, as a novel two-dimensional (2D) material, has unique inherent features such as lightweight, flexibility, high electrical conductivity, customizable surface chemistry, and facile solution processability. However, utilizing MXene (Ti3C2Tx) films for long-term electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding poses challenges, as they are susceptible to chemical deterioration through oxidation into TiO2. In this work, an ultrathin heterogeneous film of Ti3C2Tx MXene integrated with multiwalled carbon nanotubes supporting MoS2 clusters (MXene/MWCNT@MoS2) was developed. The heterogeneous film with 15 wt % of MWCNT@MoS2 clusters exhibited improved EMI shielding performance such as the highest EMI shielding effectiveness of 50 dB and the specific shielding effectiveness of 20,355 dB cm2 g -1, mainly attributed to the excellent electrical conductivity, distinctive porous structure, and multiple interfacial interactions. The heterogeneous films underwent extended exposure to a moisture environment (35 days), and their structural stability and EMI shielding performance were enhanced by the integration of MWCNT@MoS2 clusters. As a result, the engineered heterostructure of multilayered hybrid films holds promise as a viable option for improving the EMI shielding effectiveness and stability of Ti3C2Tx MXene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarab Ahmed
- Department
of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University
of Science and Technology, 127788 Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Baosong Li
- Department
of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University
of Science and Technology, 127788 Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Shaohong Luo
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University
of Science and Technology, 127788 Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Kin Liao
- Department
of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University
of Science and Technology, 127788 Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University
of Science and Technology, 127788 Abu Dhabi, UAE
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Sadek R, Sharawi MS, Dubois C, Tantawy H, Chaouki J. Reduced Graphene Oxide/Barium Ferrite Ceramic Nanocomposite Synergism for High EMI Wave Absorption. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:15099-15113. [PMID: 37151556 PMCID: PMC10157665 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The developed nanocomposite exhibits significantly enhanced shielding performance due to the synergistic effect of high dielectric and magnetic loss materials, which modifies the material's impedance and improves its absorption ability. Different weight percentages (0, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt %) of thermally treated chemically reduced graphene oxide (TCRGO) were combined with two types of magnets, barium hexaferrite (BF) and magnetite (MAG), using a dry powder compaction technique to produce binary ceramic nanocomposite sheets. The shielding performance of a 1 mm thick compressed nanoceramic sheet over the X-band was evaluated using a vector network analyzer. The 25% TCRGO showed high shielding performance for both BF and MAG, while BF had a total shielding efficiency (SET) that exceeded MAG by 130%. The SET of 25 wt % TCRGO/BF was 52 dB, with a 41 dB absorption shielding efficiency (SEA). Additionally, the effect of different levels of incident electromagnetic wave power (0.001-1000 mW) at various thicknesses (1, 2, and 5 mm) was explored. At 1000 mW, the 5 mm TCRGO/BF had an SET of 99 dB, an SEA of 91 dB, and a reflection shielding efficiency (SER) of 8 dB. The use of BF as a hard magnet paired with TCRGO exhibited excellent and stable electromagnetic shielding performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy Sadek
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Mohammad S. Sharawi
- Poly-Grames
Research Center, Electrical Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Charles Dubois
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Hesham Tantawy
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Military Technical
College, Cairo 11766, Egypt
| | - Jamal Chaouki
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
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Kruželák J, Kvasničáková A, Hložeková K, Dosudil R, Gořalík M, Hudec I. Experimental investigation of absorption shielding efficiency of rubber composites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-023-04684-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Zhou J, Xia L, Fang Q, Wang L, Qi C, Zhang G, Tan Z, Ren B, Yuan B. Bridge-graphene connecting polymer composite with a distinctive segregated structure for simultaneously improving electromagnetic interference shielding and flame-retardant properties. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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