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Sapozhnikov DA, Melnik OA, Chuchalov AV, Kovylin RS, Chesnokov SA, Khanin DA, Nikiforova GG, Kosolapov AF, Semjonov SL, Vygodskii YS. Soluble Fluorinated Cardo Copolyimide as an Effective Additive to Photopolymerizable Compositions Based on Di(meth)acrylates: Application for Highly Thermostable Primary Protective Coating of Silica Optical Fiber. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5494. [PMID: 38791532 PMCID: PMC11122490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of photocurable compositions is in high demand for the manufacture of functional materials for electronics, optics, medicine, energy, etc. The properties of the final photo-cured material are primarily determined by the initial mixture, which needs to be tuned for each application. In this study we propose to use simple systems based on di(meth)acrylate, polyimide and photoinitiator for the preparation of new photo-curable compositions. It was established that a fluorinated cardo copolyimide (FCPI) based on 2,2-bis-(3,4-dicarboxydiphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride, 9,9-bis-(4-aminophenyl)fluorene and 2,2-bis-(4-aminophenyl)hexafluoropropane (1.00:0.75:0.25 mol) has excellent solubility in di(met)acrylates. This made it possible to prepare solutions of FCPI in such monomers, to study the effect of FCPI on the kinetics of their photopolymerization in situ and the properties of the resulting polymers. According to the obtained data, the solutions of FCPI (23 wt.%) in 1,4-butanediol diacrylate (BDDA) and FCPI (15 wt.%) in tetraethylene glycol diacrylate were tested for the formation of the primary protective coatings of the silica optical fibers. It was found that the new coating of poly(BDDA-FCPI23%) can withstand prolonged annealing at 200 °C (72 h), which is comparable or superior to the known most thermally stable photo-curable coatings. The proposed approach can be applied to obtain other functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy A. Sapozhnikov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 28, Moscow 119334, Russia; (O.A.M.); (A.V.C.); (D.A.K.); (G.G.N.); (Y.S.V.)
| | - Olga A. Melnik
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 28, Moscow 119334, Russia; (O.A.M.); (A.V.C.); (D.A.K.); (G.G.N.); (Y.S.V.)
| | - Alexander V. Chuchalov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 28, Moscow 119334, Russia; (O.A.M.); (A.V.C.); (D.A.K.); (G.G.N.); (Y.S.V.)
| | - Roman S. Kovylin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinin Str. 49, Nizhniy Novgorod 603950, Russia; (R.S.K.); (S.A.C.)
- Department of Macromolecular Compounds and Colloid Chemistry, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Gagarin Ave. 23, Nizhniy Novgorod 603022, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Chesnokov
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinin Str. 49, Nizhniy Novgorod 603950, Russia; (R.S.K.); (S.A.C.)
| | - Dmitriy A. Khanin
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 28, Moscow 119334, Russia; (O.A.M.); (A.V.C.); (D.A.K.); (G.G.N.); (Y.S.V.)
| | - Galina G. Nikiforova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 28, Moscow 119334, Russia; (O.A.M.); (A.V.C.); (D.A.K.); (G.G.N.); (Y.S.V.)
| | - Alexey F. Kosolapov
- Dianov Fiber Optics Research Center, Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 38, Moscow 119333, Russia; (A.F.K.); (S.L.S.)
| | - Sergey L. Semjonov
- Dianov Fiber Optics Research Center, Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 38, Moscow 119333, Russia; (A.F.K.); (S.L.S.)
| | - Yakov S. Vygodskii
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 28, Moscow 119334, Russia; (O.A.M.); (A.V.C.); (D.A.K.); (G.G.N.); (Y.S.V.)
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Optical and Flame-Retardant Properties of a Series of Polyimides Containing Side Chained Bulky Phosphaphenanthrene Units. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113174. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the multitude of polymers with carbon-based macromolecular architectures that easily ignite in certain applications where short circuits may occur, polyimide has evolved as a class of polymers with high thermal stability while exhibiting intrinsic flame retardancy at elevated temperatures via a char-forming mechanism. However, high amounts of aromatic rings in the macromolecular backbone are required for these results, which may affect other properties such as film-forming capacity or mechanical properties; thus, much work has been done to structurally derivatize or make hybrid polyimide systems. In this respect, flexible polyimide films (PI(1–4)) containing bulky 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) units have been developed starting from commercial dianhydrides and an aromatic diamine containing two side chain bulky DOPO groups. The chemical structure of PI(1–4)) was characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and 31P NMR spectroscopy. The optical properties, including absorption and luminescence spectra of these polymers, were analyzed. All polyimides containing DOPO derivatives emitted blue light with an emission maxima in the range of 340–445 nm, in solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, chloroform, and N,N-dimethylacetamide, while green light emission (λem = 487 nm for PI-4) was evidenced in a thin-film state. The thermal decomposition mechanism and flame-retardant behavior of the resulting materials were investigated by pyrolysis-gas-chromatography spectrometry (Py-GC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDX maps and FTIR spectroscopy. The residues resulting from the TGA experiments were examined by SEM microscopy images and FTIR spectra to understand the pyrolysis mechanism.
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