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Panwong S, Phinyo K, Duangjan K, Sattayawat P, Pekkoh J, Tragoolpua Y, Yenchitsomanus PT, Panya A. Inhibition of dengue virus infection in vitro by fucoidan and polysaccharide extract from marine alga Sargassum spp. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:133496. [PMID: 38986999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection poses a global health threat, leading to severe conditions with the potential for critical outcomes. Currently, there are no specific drugs available whereas the vaccine does not offer comprehensive protection across all DENV serotypes. Therefore, the development of potential anti-viral agents is necessary to reduce the severity risk and interrupt the transmission circuit. The search for effective antiviral agents against DENV has predominantly focused on natural resources, particularly those demonstrating diverse biological activities and high safety profiles. Cyanobacteria and algae including Leptolyngbya sp., Spirulina sp., Chlorella sp., and Sargassum spp., which are prevalent species in Thailand, have been reported for their diverse biological activities and high safety profile but not specifically for anti-DENV activity. In this study, the screening assay was performed to compare the anti-viral activity against DENV of crude polysaccharide and ethanolic extracts derived from 4 species of cyanobacteria and algae in Vero cells. Polysaccharide extracts from Sargassum spp. exhibited the most effective in inhibiting DENV-2 infection at co-infection conditions where the virus was exposed to the extract at the time of infection. Treatment of the extract significantly reduced the ability of DENV to bind to the host cells to 47.87 ± 3.88 % while treatment upon virus binding step had no anti-viral effect suggesting the underlaying mechanism of the extract on interfering virus binding step. Fucoidan, a key bioactive substance in Sargassum polysaccharide, showed to reduce DENV-2 infection to 26.59 ± 5.01 %, 20.46 ± 6.58 % in co-infection condition in Vero cells and A549 cell line, respectively. In accompanied with Sargassum polysaccharide, fucoidan disturbed the virus binding to the host cells. These findings warrant further development and exploration of the Sargassum-derived polysaccharide, fucoidan, as a promising candidate for combating DENV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suthida Panwong
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Applied Microbiology (International Program), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kittiya Phinyo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kritsana Duangjan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pachara Sattayawat
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Jeeraporn Pekkoh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Yingmanee Tragoolpua
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Natural Extracts and Innovative Products for Alternative Healthcare Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Aussara Panya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Natural Extracts and Innovative Products for Alternative Healthcare Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cell Engineering for Cancer Therapy Research Group, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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Yousof NSAM, Afzan A, Zainol M, Bakar SIA, Razak MRMA, Jelas NHM, Abdullah NN, Cordell GA, Ismail NH. Molecular networking-based mass spectral identification of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. metabolites and their selective binding affinities for dengue virus enzymes. Fitoterapia 2024; 175:105955. [PMID: 38604259 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Brucea javanica, a valued traditional medicinal plant in Malaysia, known for its fever-treating properties yet remains underexplored for its potential antiviral properties against dengue. This study aims to simultaneously identify chemical classes and metabolites within B. javanica using molecular networking (MN), by Global Natural Product Social (GNPS), and SIRIUS in silico annotation. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS2)-based MN explores chemical diversity across four plant parts (leaves, roots, fruits, and stem bark), revealing diverse metabolites such as tryptophan-derived alkaloids, terpenoids, and octadecadenoids. Simultaneous LC-MS2 and MN analyses reveal a discriminative capacity for individual plant components, with roots accumulating tryptophan alkaloids, fruits concentrating quassinoids, leaves containing fusidanes, and stem bark primarily characterised by simple indoles. Subsequently, extracts were evaluated for dengue antiviral activity using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and plaque assays, indicates potent efficacy in the dichloromethane (DCM) extract from roots (EC50 = 0.3 μg/mL, SI = 10). Molecular docking analysis of two major compounds; canthin-6-one (264) and 1-hydroxy-11-methoxycanthin-6-one (275) showed potential binding interactions with active sites of NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of dengue virus (DENV) protein. Subsequent in vitro evaluation revealed compounds 264 and 275 had a promising dengue antiviral activity with SI value of 63 and 1.85. These identified metabolites emerge as potential candidates for further evaluation in dengue antiviral activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Syaidatul Akmal Mohd Yousof
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Science, UiTM, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, No. 1 Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Adlin Afzan
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, No. 1 Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Murizal Zainol
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, No. 1 Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Syahrul Imran Abu Bakar
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Science, UiTM, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ridzuan Mohd Abd Razak
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, No. 1 Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Nur Hana Md Jelas
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, No. 1 Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, Setia Alam, 40170 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Nor Nadirah Abdullah
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Science, UiTM, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Geoffrey A Cordell
- Natural Products Inc., Evanston, IL 60201, USA; College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Nor Hadiani Ismail
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Science, UiTM, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
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3
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Kesavan LR, Kamalan BC, Sivanandan S. Targeting human inosine 5' monophosphate dehydrogenase type 2 for anti-dengue lead identification - a computational approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38517251 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2331094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Dengue is a rapidly evolving arboviral disease that mainly affects tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The lack of therapeutic drugs and effective vaccines suggests that further resources need to be investigated. The effectiveness of the existing dengue vaccine is improbable as its efficacy depends on prior exposure to the dengue virus(DENV). Although the mechanism underlying the action of bioactive compounds to limit viral replication is less studied and still needs to be further explored, medicinal plants are excellent alternatives to combat DENV infection. In the current study, an in silico screening of phytochemicals from Annona reticulata Linn. against human Impdh2 was performed using Autodock Vina. Daucosterol (-9.0 kcal/mol) and Kaurenoic acid (-8.5 kcal/mol) were chosen as the top hits based on molecular interaction analysis. The hits were further exposed to pharmacokinetics and toxicity properties to determine their drug-like parameters. Molecular dynamics simulation studies of the Impdh2-top hits were carried out to investigate their kinetic behaviour and structural stabilities. The binding free energies of the Impdh2-hit complexes were determined using MM-PBSA analysis. According to the overall conclusions of the study, Daucosterol showed good binding affinity and high structural stability to the binding site residues of the target, therefore it is recommended as a lead compound against dengue.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekshmi Radha Kesavan
- Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Division, Saraswathy Thangavelu Extension Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, A Research Centre of University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Biju Charuvil Kamalan
- Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Division, Saraswathy Thangavelu Extension Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, A Research Centre of University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Sreekumar Sivanandan
- Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Division, Saraswathy Thangavelu Extension Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, A Research Centre of University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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Rani NV, Baig MS, Pathak B, Kapoor N, Krishnan A. Mutation of conserved histidine residues of dengue virus envelope protein impairs viral like particle maturation and secretion. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119682. [PMID: 38301907 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) envelope protein plays crucial role in virus entry and maturation of virus during infection. Maturation of DENV occurs in the trans Golgi network at slightly acidic pH which is close to pKa of histidine. When exposed to the acidic environment of the late secretory pathway, dengue virus particles go through a significant conformational change, whereby interactions of structural proteins envelope (E) and prM proteins are reorganised and enable furin protease to cleave prM resulting in mature virus. In order to study the role of histidine of E protein in DENV maturation, we mutated 7 conserved histidine residues of envelope protein and assessed the percent of budding using viral like particle (VLP) system. Histidine mutants; H144A, H244A, H261A and H282A severely disrupted VLP formation without any significant change in expression in cell and its oligomerization ability. Treatment with acidotropic amine reversed the defect for all 4 mutants suggesting that these histidines could be involved in maturation and release. Over expression of capsid protein slightly enhanced VLP release of H244A and H261A. Similarly, furin over expression increased VLP release of these mutants. Co-immunoprecipitation studies revealed that prM and E interaction is lost for H244A, H261A and H282A mutants at acidic pH but not at neutral pH indicating that they could be involved in histidine switch during maturation at acidic pH. Detailed analysis of the mutants could provide novel insights on the interplay of envelop protein during maturation and aid in target for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Veena Rani
- School of Sciences, IGNOU, New Delhi 110068, India
| | - Mirza Sarwar Baig
- Centre for Virology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Bharti Pathak
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Neera Kapoor
- School of Sciences, IGNOU, New Delhi 110068, India
| | - Anuja Krishnan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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5
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Sumon MAA, Asseri AH, Molla MHR, Aljahdali MO, Hasan MR, Rahman MA, Hasan MT, Sumon TA, Gabr MH, Islam MS, Fakhurji B, Moulay M, Larson E, Brown CL. Identification of natural antiviral drug candidates against Tilapia Lake Virus: Computational drug design approaches. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287944. [PMID: 37939069 PMCID: PMC10631680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV) is a disease that affects tilapia fish, causing a high rate of sudden death at any stage in their life cycle. Unfortunately, there are currently no effective antiviral drugs or vaccines to prevent or control the progression of this disease. Researchers have discovered that the CRM1 protein plays a critical function in the development and spreading of animal viruses. By inhibiting CRM1, the virus's spread in commercial fish farms can be suppressed. With this in mind, this study intended to identify potential antiviral drugs from two different tropical mangrove plants from tropical regions: Heritiera fomes and Ceriops candolleana. To identify promising compounds that target the CRM1 protein, a computer-aided drug discovery approach is employed containing molecular docking, ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) analysis, toxicity assessment as well as molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. To estimate binding affinities of all phytochemicals, molecular docking is used and the top three candidate compounds with the highest docking scores were selected, which are CID107876 (-8.3 Kcal/mol), CID12795736 (-8.2 Kcal/mol), and CID12303662 (-7.9 Kcal/mol). We also evaluated the ADME and toxicity properties of these compounds. Finally, MD simulation was conducted to analyze the stability of the protein-ligand complex structures and confirm the suitability of these compounds. The computational study demonstrated that the phytochemicals found in H. fomes and C. candolleana could potentially serve as important inhibitors of TiLV, offering practical utility. However, further in vivo investigations are necessary to investigate and potentially confirm the effectiveness of these compounds as antiviral drugs against the virus TiLV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Afsar Ahmed Sumon
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer H. Asseri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Md. Rifat Hasan
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - M. Aminur Rahman
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Tawheed Hasan
- Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Tofael Ahmed Sumon
- Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Mohamed Hosny Gabr
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Shafiqul Islam
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Burhan Fakhurji
- iGene Medical Training and Molecular Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Moulay
- Embryonic Stem Cell Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Earl Larson
- Department of Microbiology, St Johns River State College, Orange Park, FL, United States of America
| | - Christopher L. Brown
- FAO World Fisheries University Pilot Programme, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
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Sharma R, Bhattu M, Tripathi A, Verma M, Acevedo R, Kumar P, Rajput VD, Singh J. Potential medicinal plants to combat viral infections: A way forward to environmental biotechnology. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 227:115725. [PMID: 37001848 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The viral diseases encouraged scientific community to evaluate the natural antiviral bioactive components rather than protease inhibitors, harmful organic molecules or nucleic acid analogues. For this purpose, medicinal plants have been gaining tremendous importance in the field of attenuating the various kinds of infectious and non-infectious diseases. Most of the commonly used medicines contains the bioactive components/phytoconstituents that are generally extracted from medicinal plants. Moreover, the medicinal plants offer many advantages for the recovery applications of infectious disease especially in viral infections including HIV-1, HIV-2, Enterovirus, Japanese Encephalitis Virus, Hepatitis B virus, Herpes Virus, Respiratory syncytial virus, Chandipura virus and Influenza A/H1N1. Considering the lack of acceptable drug candidates and the growing antimicrobial resistance to existing drug molecules for many emerging viral diseases, medicinal plants may offer best platform to develop sustainable/efficient/economic alternatives against viral infections. In this regard, for exploring and analyzing large volume of scientific data, bibliometric analysis was done using VOS Viewer shedding light on the emerging areas in the field of medicinal plants and their antiviral activity. This review covers most of the plant species that have some novel bioactive compound like gnidicin, gniditrin, rutin, apigenin, quercetin, kaempferol, curcumin, tannin and oleuropin which showed high efficacy to inhibit the several disease causing virus and their mechanism of action in HIV, Covid-19, HBV and RSV were discussed. Moreover, it also delves the in-depth mechanism of medicinal with challenges and future prospective. Therefore, this work delves the key role of environment in the biological field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhydum Sharma
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Monika Bhattu
- Department of Chemistry, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Ashutosh Tripathi
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Meenakshi Verma
- Department of Chemistry, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India.
| | - Roberto Acevedo
- San Sebastián University, Campus Bellavista 7, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Jagpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India.
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Cai J, Wen H, Zhou H, Zhang D, Lan D, Liu S, Li C, Dai X, Song T, Wang X, He Y, He Z, Tan J, Zhang J. Naringenin: A flavanone with anti-inflammatory and anti-infective properties. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114990. [PMID: 37315435 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a growing body of research has recently shown how crucial inflammation and infection are to all major diseases, several of the medications currently available on the market have various unfavourable side effects, necessitating the development of alternative therapeutic choices. Researchers are increasingly interested in alternative medications or active components derived from natural sources. Naringenin is a commonly consumed flavonoid found in many plants, and since it was discovered to have nutritional benefits, it has been utilized to treat inflammation and infections caused by particular bacteria or viruses. However, the absence of adequate clinical data and naringenin's poor solubility and stability severely restrict its usage as a medicinal agent. In this article, we discuss naringenin's effects and mechanisms of action on autoimmune-induced inflammation, bacterial infections, and viral infections based on recent research. We also present a few suggestions for enhancing naringenin's solubility, stability, and bioavailability. This paper emphasizes the potential use of naringenin as an anti-inflammatory and anti-infective agent and the next prophylactic substance for the treatment of various inflammatory and infectious diseases, even though some mechanisms of action are still unclear, and offers some theoretical support for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Cai
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Hongli Wen
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - He Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Dan Zhang
- Zunyi Medical University Library, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Dongfeng Lan
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Songpo Liu
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Chunyang Li
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Xiaofang Dai
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Xianyao Wang
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Yuqi He
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Zhixu He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Jun Tan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Jidong Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
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Sreekanth GP. Perspectives on the current antiviral developments towards RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and methyltransferase (MTase) domains of dengue virus non-structural protein 5 (DENV-NS5). Eur J Med Chem 2023; 256:115416. [PMID: 37159959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection is one of the most emerging arboviral infections in humans. DENV is a positive-stranded RNA virus in the Flaviviridae family consisting of an 11 kb genome. DENV non-structural protein 5 (DENV-NS5) constitutes the largest among the non-structural proteins, which act as two domains, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and RNA methyltransferase enzyme (MTase). The DENV-NS5 RdRp domain contributes to the viral replication stages, whereas the MTase initiates viral RNA capping and facilitates polyprotein translation. Given the functions of both DENV-NS5 domains have made them an important druggable target. Possible therapeutic interventions and drug discoveries against DENV infection were thoroughly reviewed; however, a current update on the therapeutic strategies specific to DENV-NS5 or its active domains was not attempted. Since most potential compounds and drugs targeting the DENV-NS5 were evaluated in both in vitro cultures and animal models, a more detailed evaluation of molecules/drug candidates still requires investigation in randomized controlled clinical trials. This review summarizes current perspectives on the therapeutic strategies adopted to target the DENV-NS5 (RdRp and MTase domains) at the host-pathogen interface and further discusses the directions to identify candidate drugs to combat DENV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopinathan Pillai Sreekanth
- Division of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad-500007, Telangana, India.
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Palanichamy Kala M, St. John AL, Rathore APS. Dengue: Update on Clinically Relevant Therapeutic Strategies and Vaccines. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023; 15:27-52. [PMID: 37124673 PMCID: PMC10111087 DOI: 10.1007/s40506-023-00263-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Dengue viruses (DENV) continue to circulate worldwide, resulting in a significant burden on human health. There are four antigenically distinct serotypes of DENV, an infection of which could result in a potentially life-threatening disease. Current treatment options are limited and rely on supportive care. Although one dengue vaccine is approved for dengue-immune individuals and has modest efficacy, there is still a need for therapeutics and vaccines that can reduce dengue morbidities and lower the infection burden. There have been recent advances in the development of promising drugs for the treatment of dengue. These include direct antivirals that can reduce virus replication as well as host-targeted drugs for reducing inflammation and/or vascular pathologies. There are also new vaccine candidates that are being evaluated for their safety and efficacy in preventing dengue disease. This review highlights nuances in the current standard-of-care treatment of dengue. We also discuss emerging treatment options, therapeutic drugs, and vaccines that are currently being pursued at various stages of preclinical and clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Palanichamy Kala
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Rd., Level 9, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - Ashley L. St. John
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Rd., Level 9, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, 207 Research Rd, Durham, NC 27705 USA
| | - Abhay P. S. Rathore
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, 207 Research Rd, Durham, NC 27705 USA
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Design, synthesis, in vitro, in silico, and SAR studies of flavone analogs towards anti-dengue activity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21646. [PMID: 36517573 PMCID: PMC9751290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25836-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavone has recently been proved as a promising scaffold for the development of a novel drug against dengue fever, one of the major health threats globally. However, the structure-activity relationship study of flavones on the anti-dengue activity remains mostly limited to the natural-occuring analogs. Herein, 27 flavone analogs were successfully synthesized, of which 5 analogs (5e, 5h, 5o, 5q, and 5r) were novel. In total, 33 analogs bearing a diverse range of substituents were evaluated for their efficacy against DENV2-infected LLC/MK2 cells. The introduction of electron-withdrawing groups on ring B such as Br (5m) or NO2 (5n and 5q) enhanced the activity significantly. In particular, the tri-ester 5d and di-ester 5e exhibited low toxicity against normal cell, and exceptional DENV2 inhibition with the EC50 as low as 70 and 68 nM, respectively, which is over 300-fold more active compared to the original baicalein reference. The viral targets for these potent flavone analogs were predicted to be NS5 MTase and NS5 RdRp, as suggested by the likelihood ratios from the molecular docking study. The great binding interaction energy of 8-bromobaicalein (5f) confirms the anti-dengue activity at atomistic level. The physicochemical property of all the synthetic flavone analogs in this study were predicted to be within the acceptable range. Moreover, the QSAR model showed the strong correlation between the anti-dengue activity and the selected molecular descriptors. This study emphasizes the great potential of flavone as a core structure for further development as a novel anti-dengue agent in the future.
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Tackling the Future Pandemics: Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agents (BSAAs) Based on A-Type Proanthocyanidins. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238353. [PMID: 36500445 PMCID: PMC9736452 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A-type proanthocyanidins (PAC-As) are plant-derived natural polyphenols that occur as oligomers or polymers of flavan-3-ol monomers, such as (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin, connected through an unusual double A linkage. PAC-As are present in leaves, seeds, flowers, bark, and fruits of many plants, and are thought to exert protective natural roles against microbial pathogens, insects, and herbivores. Consequently, when tested in isolation, PAC-As have shown several biological effects, through antioxidant, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, and antiviral activities. PAC-As have been observed in fact to inhibit replication of many different human viruses, and both enveloped and non-enveloped DNA and RNA viruses proved sensible to their inhibitory effect. Mechanistic studies revealed that PAC-As cause reduction of infectivity of viral particles they come in contact with, as a result of their propensity to interact with virion surface capsid proteins or envelope glycoproteins essential for viral attachment and entry. As viral infections and new virus outbreaks are a major public health concern, development of effective Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agents (BSAAs) that can be rapidly deployable even against future emerging viruses is an urgent priority. This review summarizes the antiviral activities and mechanism of action of PAC-As, and their potential to be deployed as BSAAs against present and future viral infections.
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