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Annisa WD, Permatasari FA, Iskandar F, Rachmawati H. Functionalized Phytochemicals-Embedded Carbon Dots Derived from Medicinal Plant for Bioimaging Application. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:114-123. [PMID: 38096155 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Precise visualization of biological processes necessitates reliable coloring technologies, and fluorescence imaging has emerged as a powerful method for capturing dynamic cellular events. Low emission intensity and solubility of intrinsic fluorescence are still challenging, hindering their application in the biomedical field. The nanostructurization and functionalization of the insoluble phytochemicals, such as chlorophyll and curcumin, into carbon dots (CDs) were conducted to address these challenges. Due to their unique fluorescence characteristics and biocompatibility, CDs derived from medicinal plants hold promise as bioimaging agents. Further, the nitrogen in situ functionalization of the as-synthesized CDs offered tunable optical properties and enhanced solubility. The surface modification aims to achieve a more positive zeta potential, facilitating penetration through biological membranes. This work provides valuable insights into utilizing functionalized phytochemical-embedded carbon dots for bioimaging applications. The doping of nitrogen by adding urea showed an alteration of surface charge, which is more positive based on zeta potential measurement. The more positive CD particles showed that Andrographis paniculata-urea-based CDs were the best particles to penetrate cells than others related to the alteration of the surface charge and the functional group of the CDs, with the optimum dose of 12.5 μg/mL for 3 h of treatment for bioimaging assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Windy Dwi Annisa
- Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Fitri Aulia Permatasari
- Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Collaboration Research Center for Advanced Energy Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency─Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Ferry Iskandar
- Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Collaboration Research Center for Advanced Energy Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency─Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Heni Rachmawati
- Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Research Group of Pharmaceutics─School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
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