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Meng Z, Liu J, Yu T, Shang Z, Wang Y, Shuang S. Novel ratiometric fluorescent probe with large Stokes shift for selective sensing and imaging of Zn 2+ in live cell. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 320:124645. [PMID: 38875927 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
A novel ratiometric fluorescent probe, namely 5-[(3-dicyanoylidene -5.5-dimethyl) cyclohexenyl-1-ethenyl] salicylaldehyde-3'-hydroxybenzohydrazone (DCSH) is presented for the selective sensing of Zn2+ ion in acetonitrile/water (2/3, pH 7.4) solution. Introducing Zn2+ ions notably caused the peak emission of DCSH to shift from 560 nm to 646 nm, accompanied with a significant enhancement of its intensity. A vivid change in fluorescence color from yellow to red facilitated the immediate identification of Zn2+ ions by visual observation. DCSH exhibits substantial Stokes shifts (110 and 196 nm), rapid detection capability (within 10 s) and high sensitivity to Zn2+ ions, achieving a limit of detection of 31.2 nM. The response mechanism is supposed to involve the block of C = N bond isomerization and excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) along with the enhancement of fluorescence through chelation (CHEF) effect. DCSH was effectively utilized for ratiometric fluorescence imaging to monitor exogenous Zn2+ concentrations in HeLa cells. Significantly, DCSH is capable of monitoring elevated levels of Zn2+ ion during apoptosis induced by L-Buthionine sulfoximine (BSO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zetong Meng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Ting Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Zhuobin Shang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China.
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China.
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Chethanakumar, Budri MB, Gudasi KB, Vadavi RS, Patil MK, Kumbar VM, Inamdar SR. Tri-armed Schiff base fluorescent sensor for the rapid recognition of Zn(II): application in live cell imaging, test strips and TLC. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:4743-4754. [PMID: 38952194 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00774c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Various metal ions exist in nature and human beings and play limitless vital roles in both the atmosphere and biology. A fundamental and useful aspect is the qualitative and quantitative assessment of Zn(II) at concentration levels as low as parts per billion (ppb). Thus, the design and development of novel fluorescent turn-on receptors have gained significant interest because of their potential for use in live cell imaging to detect biologically relevant metal ions with high selectivity and sensitivity. The present research illustrates the design and synthesis of a novel fluorescent sensor [(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(hydrazine-2-yl-1-ylidene)tris(methaneylylidene)]tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenol) (THDBP) for the selective and sensitive probing of Zn(II). The sensor exhibited a fluorescence turn-on mechanism upon treatment with Zn(II) ions at λemi. 503 nm in aq. acetonitrile. The formation of a 1 : 3 complex between THDBP and Zn(II) is confirmed from the Job plot and ESI-MS spectrum. The evaluated limit of detection (LOD) and association constant (Ka) of the sensor THDBP for Zn(II) were found to be 1.03 × 10-10 M and 2.33 × 108 M-1, respectively. Further research demonstrates the practical application of the sensor for the detection of Zn(II) ions in live cells. The sensing ability of the sensor THDBP was also explored through inexpensive test strips and TLC sheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chethanakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
| | - Mahantesh B Budri
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
| | | | - Ramesh S Vadavi
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
| | - Mallikarjun K Patil
- Department of Physics, Laser Spectroscopy (DRDO/KU) Programme, Karnatak University, 580003, Dharwad, India
| | - Vijay M Kumbar
- Dr Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KLE University), 590010, Belagavi, India
| | - Sanjeev R Inamdar
- Department of Physics, Laser Spectroscopy (DRDO/KU) Programme, Karnatak University, 580003, Dharwad, India
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Bayindir S, Akar S. Synthesis of Phenol-Hydrazide-Appended Tetraphenylethenes as Novel On-Off-On Cascade Sensors of Copper and Glutathione. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:26257-26266. [PMID: 38911777 PMCID: PMC11191134 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
This study reports the synthesis of novel fluorescent probes, phenol-hydrazide-appended tetraphenylethenes (TPEs I and II), and explores their photochemical properties. The probes exhibit aggregation-induced emission (AIE) in increasing water content, as observed using fluorescence spectroscopy. Further investigation with UV-vis and fluorescence techniques revealed their potential as ion sensors. Both TPE I and TPE II act as "turn-off" sensors for Cu2+ ions, showing decreased fluorescence intensity in their presence. Their limit of detection (LOD) and association constant (K a) for Cu2+ were found to be comparable at 747 nM/597 nM, and 2.46 × 105 M-1/2/1.78 × 105 M-1/2, respectively. Moreover, the quantum yields of TPE I and TPE II were also calculated and found to be 0.651 and 0.325, respectively. Interestingly, these probes also function as "turn-on" sensors for glutathione (GSH) in the presence of copper. This means their fluorescence can be reversibly switched off and on by alternating CuCl2 and GSH additions. Moreover, the LOD values for GSH with TPE II-Cu2+ were calculated to be 544 nM. In addition, the investigation also employed visual analysis to assess the color alterations of TPEs on filter paper and in real water samples. Overall, this research introduces promising new probes with potential applications in copper ion detection and biomolecule glutathione sensing in real water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Bayindir
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Türkiye
| | - Sebiha Akar
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Türkiye
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Yang J, Tang L, Li L, Wu X, Yan L. Recent Advances in Organic Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for the Detection of Zinc Ions (Zn 2+). J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03770-1. [PMID: 38869709 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03770-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Zinc(II) ions (Zn2g) play crucial roles in the growth, propagation, and metabolism of animals, plants, and humans. Abnormal concentrations of Zn2+ in the environment and living organisms pose potential risks to environmental protection and human health. Therefore, it is imperative to develop rapid, reliable and in-situ detection methods for Zn2+ in both environmental and biological contexts. Furthermore, effective analytical methods are required for diagnosing diseases and understanding physiological metabolic mechanisms associated with Zn2+ concentration levels. Organic small-molecule fluorescent probes offer advantages such as fast, reliable, convenient, non-destructive detection capabilities and have significant application potential in Zn2+ detection and bioimaging; thus garnering extensive attention. Over the past two years alone, various organic small-molecule probes for Zn2+ based on different detection mechanisms and fluorophores have been rapidly developed. However, these probes still exhibit several limitations that need further resolution. In light of this context, we provide a comprehensive summary of the detection mechanisms, performance characteristics, and application scope of Zn2+ fluorescence probes since year 2022 while highlighting their advantages. We also propose solutions to address existing issues with these probes and outline future directions for their advancement. This review aims to serve as a valuable reference source offering insights into the development of advanced organic small-molecule-based fluorescence probes specifically designed for detecting Zn2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Yang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Liting Tang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiongzhi Wu
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Liqiang Yan
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, Guangxi, P.R. China.
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Wen SL, Lang W, Li X, Cao QY. PEGylated AIEgens for dual sensing of ATP and H 2S and cancer cells photodynamic therapy. Talanta 2024; 271:125739. [PMID: 38309115 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent sensors have been widely applied for biosensing, but probes for both multiple analytes sensing and photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect are less reported. In this article, we reported three AIE-based probes anchored with different mass-weight polyethylene glycol (PEG) tails, i.e., TPE-PEG160, TPE-PEG350, and TPE-PEG750, for both adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) detection and also cancer cells photodynamic therapy. TPE-PEGns (n = 160, 350 and 750) contain the tetraphenylethylene-based fluorophore core, the pyridinium and amide anion binding sites, the H2S cleavable disulfide bond, and the hydrophilic PEG chain. They exhibit a good amphiphilic property and can self-assemble nona-aggregation with a moderated red emission in an aqueous solution. Importantly, the size of aggregation, photophysical property, sensing ability and photosensitivity of these amphiphilic probes can be controlled by tuning the PEG chain length. Moreover, the selected probe TPE-PEG160 has been successfully used to detect environmental H2S and image ATP levels in living cells, and TPE-PEG750 has been used for photodynamic therapy of tumor cells under light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Lian Wen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Wei Lang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Xue Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Qian-Yong Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China.
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