1
|
Wieske LHE, Atilaw Y, Poongavanam V, Erdélyi M, Kihlberg J. Going Viral: An Investigation into the Chameleonic Behaviour of Antiviral Compounds. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202798. [PMID: 36286339 PMCID: PMC10107787 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ability to adjust conformations in response to the polarity of the environment, i.e. molecular chameleonicity, is considered to be important for conferring both high aqueous solubility and high cell permeability to drugs in chemical space beyond Lipinski's rule of 5. We determined the conformational ensembles populated by the antiviral drugs asunaprevir, simeprevir, atazanavir and daclatasvir in polar (DMSO-d6 ) and non-polar (chloroform) environments with NMR spectroscopy. Daclatasvir was fairly rigid, whereas the first three showed large flexibility in both environments, that translated into major differences in solvent accessible 3D polar surface area within each conformational ensemble. No significant differences in size and polar surface area were observed between the DMSO-d6 and chloroform ensembles of these three drugs. We propose that such flexible compounds are characterized as "partial molecular chameleons" and hypothesize that their ability to adopt conformations with low polar surface area contributes to their membrane permeability and oral absorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianne H E Wieske
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yoseph Atilaw
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Máté Erdélyi
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Kihlberg
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bohle F, Grimme S. Hydrocarbon Macrocycle Conformer Ensembles and 13 C-NMR Spectra. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202113905. [PMID: 35099097 PMCID: PMC9303527 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
NMR as a routine analytical method provides important three-dimensional structure information of compounds in solution. Here we apply the recently released CRENSO computational workflow for the automated generation of conformer ensembles to the quantum mechanical calculation of 13 C-NMR spectra of a series of flexible cycloalkanes up to C20 H40 . We evaluate the computed chemical shifts in comparison with corresponding experimental data in chloroform. It is shown that accurate and properly averaged theoretical NMR data can be obtained in about a day of computation time on a standard workstation computer. The excellent agreement between theory and experiment enables one to deduce preferred conformations of large, non-rigid macrocycles under ambient conditions from our automated procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Bohle
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bohle F, Grimme S. Hydrocarbon Macrocycle Conformer Ensembles and
13
C‐NMR Spectra. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Bohle
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Beringstr. 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Beringstr. 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Detection and characterisation of very weak, non-covalent interactions in solution is inherently challenging. Low affinity, short complex lifetime and a constant battle against entropy brings even the most sensitive spectroscopic methods to their knees. Herein we introduce a strategy for the accurate experimental description of weak chemical forces in solution. Its scope is demonstrated by the detailed geometric and thermodynamic characterisation of the weak halogen bond of a non-fluorinated aryl iodide and an ether oxygen (0.6 kJ mol-1 ). Our approach makes use of the entropic advantage of studying a weak force intramolecularly, embedded into a cooperatively folding system, and of the combined use of NOE- and RDC-based ensemble analyses to accurately describe the orientation of the donor and acceptor sites. Thermodynamic constants (ΔG, ΔH and ΔS), describing the specific interaction, were derived from variable temperature chemical shift analysis. We present a methodology for the experimental investigation of remarkably weak halogen bonds and other related weak forces in solution, paving the way for their improved understanding and strategic use in chemistry and biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Peintner
- Department of Chemistry – BMCUppsala UniversitySE-75123UppsalaSweden
| | - Máté Erdélyi
- Department of Chemistry – BMCUppsala UniversitySE-75123UppsalaSweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bogaerts J, Atilaw Y, Peintner S, Aerts R, Kihlberg J, Johannessen C, Erdélyi M. Employing complementary spectroscopies to study the conformations of an epimeric pair of side-chain stapled peptides in aqueous solution. RSC Adv 2021; 11:4200-4208. [PMID: 35424346 PMCID: PMC8694311 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10167b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the conformational preferences of free ligands in solution is often necessary to rationalize structure-activity relationships in drug discovery. Herein, we examine the conformational behavior of an epimeric pair of side-chain stapled peptides that inhibit the FAD dependent amine oxidase lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1). The peptides differ only at a single stereocenter, but display a major difference in binding affinity. Their Raman optical activity (ROA) spectra are most likely dominated by the C-terminus, obscuring the analysis of the epimeric macrocycle. By employing NMR spectroscopy, we show a difference in conformational behavior between the two compounds and that the LSD1 bound conformation of the most potent compound is present to a measurable extent in aqueous solution. In addition, we illustrate that Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations produce ensembles that include the most important solution conformations, but that it remains problematic to identify relevant conformations with no a priori knowledge from the large conformational pool. Furthermore, this work highlights the importance of understanding the scope and limitations of the available techniques for conducting conformational analyses. It also emphasizes the importance of conformational selection of a flexible ligand in molecular recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoseph Atilaw
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University SE-751 23 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Stefan Peintner
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University SE-751 23 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Roy Aerts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp 2020 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Jan Kihlberg
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University SE-751 23 Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - Máté Erdélyi
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University SE-751 23 Uppsala Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Danelius E, Ohm RG, Ahsanullah, Mulumba M, Ong H, Chemtob S, Erdelyi M, Lubell WD. Dynamic Chirality in the Mechanism of Action of Allosteric CD36 Modulators of Macrophage-Driven Inflammation. J Med Chem 2019; 62:11071-11079. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Danelius
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte—Justine Research Center, Montréal H3T 1C5, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte—Justine Research Center, Montréal H3T 1C5, Québec, Canada
| | - Mate Erdelyi
- Department of Chemistry—BMC, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Uppsala SE-752 37, Sweden
- The Swedish NMR Centre, Medicinaregatan 5, Gothenburg SE-413 90, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dickman R, Danelius E, Mitchell SA, Hansen DF, Erdélyi M, Tabor AB. A Chemical Biology Approach to Understanding Molecular Recognition of Lipid II by Nisin(1-12): Synthesis and NMR Ensemble Analysis of Nisin(1-12) and Analogues. Chemistry 2019; 25:14572-14582. [PMID: 31599485 PMCID: PMC6899958 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Natural products that target lipid II, such as the lantibiotic nisin, are strategically important in the development of new antibacterial agents to combat the rise of antimicrobial resistance. Understanding the structural factors that govern the highly selective molecular recognition of lipid II by the N-terminal region of nisin, nisin(1-12), is a crucial step in exploiting the potential of such compounds. In order to elucidate the relationships between amino acid sequence and conformation of this bicyclic peptide fragment, we have used solid-phase peptide synthesis to prepare two novel analogues of nisin(1-12) in which the dehydro residues have been replaced. We have carried out an NMR ensemble analysis of one of these analogues and of the wild-type nisin(1-12) peptide in order to compare the conformations of these two bicyclic peptides. Our analysis has shown the effects of residue mutation on ring conformation. We have also demonstrated that the individual rings of nisin(1-12) are pre-organised to an extent for binding to the pyrophosphate group of lipid II, with a high degree of flexibility exhibited in the central amide bond joining the two rings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Dickman
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London, 20Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| | - Emma Danelius
- The Swedish NMR CentreMedicinaregatan 540530GothenburgSweden
| | - Serena A. Mitchell
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London, 20Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| | - D. Flemming Hansen
- Institute of Structural and Molecular BiologyDivision of BiosciencesUniversity College LondonGower StreetLondonWC1E 6BTUK
| | - Máté Erdélyi
- The Swedish NMR CentreMedicinaregatan 540530GothenburgSweden
- Department of Chemistry–BMCUppsala UniversityBox 57675123UppsalaSweden
| | - Alethea B. Tabor
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London, 20Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Poongavanam V, Danelius E, Peintner S, Alcaraz L, Caron G, Cummings MD, Wlodek S, Erdelyi M, Hawkins PCD, Ermondi G, Kihlberg J. Conformational Sampling of Macrocyclic Drugs in Different Environments: Can We Find the Relevant Conformations? ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:11742-11757. [PMID: 30320271 PMCID: PMC6173504 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Conformational flexibility is a major determinant of the properties of macrocycles and other drugs in beyond rule of 5 (bRo5) space. Prediction of conformations is essential for design of drugs in this space, and we have evaluated three tools for conformational sampling of a set of 10 bRo5 drugs and clinical candidates in polar and apolar environments. The distance-geometry based OMEGA was found to yield ensembles spanning larger structure and property spaces than the ensembles obtained by MOE-LowModeMD (MOE) and MacroModel (MC). Both MC and OMEGA but not MOE generated different ensembles for polar and apolar environments. All three conformational search methods generated conformers similar to the crystal structure conformers for 9 of the 10 compounds, with OMEGA performing somewhat better than MOE and MC. MOE and OMEGA found all six conformers of roxithromycin that were identified by NMR in aqueous solutions, whereas only OMEGA sampled the three conformers observed in chloroform. We suggest that characterization of conformers using molecular descriptors, e.g., the radius of gyration and polar surface area, is preferred to energy- or root-mean-square deviation-based methods for selection of biologically relevant conformers in drug discovery in bRo5 space.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma Danelius
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, Kemivägen
10, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefan Peintner
- Department
of Chemistry—BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lilian Alcaraz
- Medicinal
Chemistry, Johnson & Johnson Innovation, One Chapel Place, London W1G 0BG, U.K.
| | - Giulia Caron
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Quarello 15, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Maxwell D. Cummings
- Janssen
Research & Development, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Stanislaw Wlodek
- OpenEye
Scientific Software, 9 Bisbee Court, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87508, United States
| | - Mate Erdelyi
- Department
of Chemistry—BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
- The
Swedish NMR Centre, Medicinaregatan
5, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Paul C. D. Hawkins
- OpenEye
Scientific Software, 9 Bisbee Court, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87508, United States
| | - Giuseppe Ermondi
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Quarello 15, 10135 Torino, Italy
- E-mail: . Phone: +39 (0)11 6708337 (G.E.)
| | - Jan Kihlberg
- Department
of Chemistry—BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
- E-mail: . Phone: +46 (0)18 4713801 (J.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Danelius E, Andersson H, Jarvoll P, Lood K, Gräfenstein J, Erdélyi M. Halogen Bonding: A Powerful Tool for Modulation of Peptide Conformation. Biochemistry 2017; 56:3265-3272. [PMID: 28581720 PMCID: PMC5510091 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Halogen
bonding is a weak chemical force that has so far mostly
found applications in crystal engineering. Despite its potential for
use in drug discovery, as a new molecular tool in the direction of
molecular recognition events, it has rarely been assessed in biopolymers.
Motivated by this fact, we have developed a peptide model system that
permits the quantitative evaluation of weak forces in a biologically
relevant proteinlike environment and have applied it for the assessment
of a halogen bond formed between two amino acid side chains. The influence
of a single weak force is measured by detection of the extent to which
it modulates the conformation of a cooperatively folding system. We
have optimized the amino acid sequence of the model peptide on analogues
with a hydrogen bond-forming site as a model for the intramolecular
halogen bond to be studied, demonstrating the ability of the technique
to provide information about any type of weak secondary interaction.
A combined solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic and computational
investigation demonstrates that an interstrand halogen bond is capable
of conformational stabilization of a β-hairpin foldamer comparable
to an analogous hydrogen bond. This is the first report of incorporation
of a conformation-stabilizing halogen bond into a peptide/protein
system, and the first quantification of a chlorine-centered halogen
bond in a biologically relevant system in solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Danelius
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg , SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanna Andersson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg , SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Patrik Jarvoll
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg , SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kajsa Lood
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg , SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jürgen Gräfenstein
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg , SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Máté Erdélyi
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg , SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.,Swedish NMR Centre , Medicinaregatan 5, SE-41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|