1
|
Tang J, Liu N, Zhu Y, Li Y, Zhao X. CAR-T Therapy Targets Extra Domain B of Fibronectin Positive Solid Tumor Cells. Immunol Invest 2023; 52:985-996. [PMID: 37815216 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2264332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CAR-T cell immunotherapy has achieved remarkable success in malignant B-cell malignancies, but progress in solid tumors is slow, and one of the key reasons is the lack of ideal targets. Cancer-specific extra domain B of fibronectin (EDB-FN) is widely upregulated in solid tumors and expressed at low levels in normal tissues. Many imaging and targeted cancer therapies based on EDB-FN targets have been developed and tested in clinical trials, making EDB-FN an ideal target for immunotherapy. METHODS We constructed two EDB-FN-targeted CAR-Ts based on the peptide APT0 and the single-chain antibody CGS2 in a lentiviral infection manner for the first time. Luciferase cytotoxicity assay to assess CAR-T killing of tumor cells. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the release of the cytokine IFN-γ. Fluorescence imaging to evaluate the dynamics of CAR-T cell and tumor cell coculture. Knockdown assays were used to validate the target specificity of CAR-T cells. RESULTS In this research, two CAR-Ts targeting EDB-FN, APT0 CAR-T, and CGS2 CAR-T, were constructed. In vitro, both CAR-T cells produced broad-spectrum killing of multiple EDB-FN-positive solid tumor cell lines and were accompanied by cytokine IFN-γ release. Regarding safety, the two CAR-T cells did not affect T cells' normal growth and proliferation and were not toxic to HEK-293T human embryonic kidney epithelial cells. CONCLUSION APT0 CAR-T and CGS2 CAR-T cells are two new CAR-Ts targeting EDB-FN. Both CAR-T cells can successfully identify and specifically kill various EDB-FN-positive solid tumor cells with potential clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Department of Targeting Therapy & Immunology and Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, Cancer Center and Department of Respiratory and Critical care Medicine and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Targeting Therapy & Immunology and Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, Cancer Center and Department of Respiratory and Critical care Medicine and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongjie Zhu
- Department of Targeting Therapy & Immunology and Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, Cancer Center and Department of Respiratory and Critical care Medicine and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Core Facilities, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xudong Zhao
- Department of Targeting Therapy & Immunology and Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, Cancer Center and Department of Respiratory and Critical care Medicine and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Feng Y, Hao Y, Wang Y, Song W, Zhang S, Ni D, Yan F, Sun L. Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Bladder Cancer via Extradomain B Fibronectin-Targeted Biosynthetic GVs. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:4871-4884. [PMID: 37662687 PMCID: PMC10474871 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s412422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ultrasound molecular imaging (UMI) has proven promising to diagnose the onset and progression of diseases such as angiogenesis, inflammation, and thrombosis. However, microbubble-based acoustic probes are confined to intravascular targets due to their relatively large particle size, greatly reducing the application value of UMI, especially for extravascular targets. Extradomain B fibronectin (ED-B FN) is an important glycoprotein associated with tumor genesis and development and highly expressed in many types of tumors. Here, we developed a gas vesicles (GVs)-based nanoscale acoustic probe (ZD2-GVs) through conjugating ZD2 peptides which can specially target to ED-B FN to the biosynthetic GVs. Materials and Methods ED-B FN expression was evaluated in normal liver and tumor tissues with immunofluorescence and Western blot. ZD2-GVs were prepared by conjugating ZD2 to the surface of GVs by amide reaction. The inverted microscope was used to analyze the targeted binding capacity of ZD2-GVs to MB49 cells (bladder cancer cell line). The contrast-enhanced imaging features of GVs, non-targeted control GVs (CTR-GVs), and targeted GVs (ZD2-GVs) were compared in three MB49 tumor mice. The penetration ability of ZD2-GVs in tumor tissues was assessed by fluorescence immunohistochemistry. The biosafety of GVs was evaluated by CCK8, blood biochemistry, and HE staining. Results Strong ED-B FN expression was observed in tumor tissues while little expression in normal liver tissues. The resulting ZD2-GVs had only 267.73 ± 2.86 nm particle size and exhibited excellent binding capability to the MB49 tumor cells. The in vivo UMI experiments showed that ZD2-GVs produced stronger and longer retention in the BC tumors than that of the non-targeted CTR-GVs and GVs. Fluorescence immunohistochemistry confirmed that ZD2-GVs could penetrate the tumor vascular into the interstitial space of the tumors. Biosafety analysis revealed there was no significant cytotoxicity to these tested mice. Conclusion Thus, ZD2-GVs can function as a potential UMI probe for the early diagnosis of bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Feng
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Hao
- Center for Cell and Gene Circuit Design, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Center for Cell and Gene Circuit Design, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weijian Song
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People’s Republic of China
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanxin Zhang
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Ni
- Medical Ultrasound Image Computing (MUSIC) Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Yan
- Center for Cell and Gene Circuit Design, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People’s Republic of China
| | - Litao Sun
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li R, He H, Li X, Zheng X, Li Z, Zhang H, Ye J, Zhang W, Yu C, Feng G, Fan W. EDB-FN targeted probes for the surgical navigation, radionuclide imaging, and therapy of thyroid cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:2100-2113. [PMID: 36807768 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06147-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Extradomain B of fibronectin (EDB-FN) is a promising diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker for thyroid cancer (TC). Here, we identified a high-affinity EDB-FN targeted peptide named EDBp (AVRTSAD) and developed three EDBp-based probes, Cy5-PEG4-EDBp(Cy5-EDBp), [18F]-NOTA-PEG4-EDBp([18F]-EDBp), and [177Lu]-DOTA-PEG4-EDBp ([177Lu]-EDBp), for the surgical navigation, radionuclide imaging, and therapy of TC. METHODS Based on the previously identified EDB-FN targeted peptide ZD2, the optimized EDB-FN targeted peptide EDBp was identified by using the alanine scan strategy. Three EDBp-based probes, Cy5-EDBp, [18F]-EDBp, and [177Lu]-EDBp, were developed for fluorescence imaging, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and radiotherapy in TC tumor-bearing mice, respectively. Additionally, [18F]-EDBp was evaluated in two TC patients. RESULTS The binding affinity of EDBp to the EDB fragment protein (Kd = 14.4 ± 1.4 nM, n = 3) was approximately 336-fold greater than that of the ZD2 (Kd = 4839.7 ± 361.7 nM, n = 3). Fluorescence imaging with Cy5-EDBp facilitated the complete removal of TC tumors. [18F]-EDBp PET imaging clearly delineated TC tumors, with high tumor uptake (16.43 ± 1.008%ID/g, n = 6, at 1-h postinjection). Radiotherapy with [177Lu]-EDBp inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival in TC tumor-bearing mice (survival time of different treatment groups: saline vs. EDBp vs. ABRAXANE vs. [177Lu]-EDBp = 8.00 d vs. 8.00 d vs. 11.67 d vs. 22.33 d, ***p < 0.001). Importantly, the first-in-human evaluation of [18F]-EDBp demonstrated that it had specific targeting properties (SUVmax value of 3.6) and safety. CONCLUSION Cy5-EDBp, [18F]-EDBp, and [177Lu]-EDBp are promising candidates for the surgical navigation, radionuclide imaging, and radionuclide therapy of TC, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou , 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Xinling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou , 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou , 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou , 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou , 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou , 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou , 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunjing Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, China.
| | - Guokai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou , 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou , 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu AM. Imaging the host response to cancer. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822960-6.00114-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
5
|
Park SE, El-Sayed NS, Shamloo K, Lohan S, Kumar S, Sajid MI, Tiwari RK. Targeted Delivery of Cabazitaxel Using Cyclic Cell-Penetrating Peptide and Biomarkers of Extracellular Matrix for Prostate and Breast Cancer Therapy. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1898-1914. [PMID: 34309357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery for cancer therapy is an emerging area of research. Cancer cells overexpress certain biomarkers that can be exploited for their targeted therapy. Cyclic cell-penetrating peptides (cCPP) are increasingly assessed for intracellular cargo delivery in cancer cells. In this study, we have conjugated cabazitaxel (CBT) to the cCPP via an ester bond to assist CBT release in the tumor's acidic environment. Integrin targeting (RGDC, TP1) and extra domain B of fibronectin (EDB-Fn) targeting (CTVRTSAD, TP2) peptides were linked to the peptide-drug conjugate (cCPP-CBT) via a disulfide bond to provide targeting ability to the conjugates until they reach the tumor site. Conjugate 11 (TP1-cCPP-CBT) and conjugate 16 (TP2-cCPP-CBT) showed approximately 3-4-fold less antiproliferative activity on integrin and EDB-FN overexpressing cancer cell lines as compared to the CBT analogue used for comparison (CBT-GA, 5). Conjugates (11 and 16) were less toxic (31-34-fold less antiproliferative activity) to the normal human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cells as compared to CBT. The flow cytometry and quantitative confocal microscopy data further confirm the selective efficacy of conjugates (TP1-cCPP-FAM (10) and TP1-cCPP-FAM (15)) toward biomarker overexpressing cancer cells. Furthermore, the stability and release studies of conjugate 11 revealed its therapeutic potential under different conditions, such as human plasma, different pHs, and redox conditions. This conjugation strategy was proven to enhance chemotherapeutics agents' efficacy and targeting and can be applied to other chemotherapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shang Eun Park
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Naglaa Salem El-Sayed
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States.,Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Center, Dokki 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kiumars Shamloo
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Sandeep Lohan
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, Haryana 131039, India
| | - Muhammad Imran Sajid
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States.,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tiwari
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Harvey PD, Plé J. Recent Advances in Nanoscale Metal-Organic Frameworks Towards Cancer Cell Cytotoxicity: An Overview. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2021; 31:2715-2756. [PMID: 33994899 PMCID: PMC8114195 DOI: 10.1007/s10904-021-02011-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract The fight against cancer has always been a prevalent research topic. Nanomaterials have the ability to directly penetrate cancer cells and potentially achieve minimally invasive, precise and efficient tumor annihilation. As such, nanoscale metal organic frameworks (nMOFs) are becoming increasingly attractive as potential therapeutic agents in the medical field due to their high structural variability, good biocompatibility, ease of surface functionalization as well as their porous morphologies with tunable cavity sizes. This overview addresses five different common strategies used to find cancer therapies, while summarizing the recent progress in using nMOFs as cytotoxic cancer cell agents largely through in vitro studies, although some in vivo investigations have also been reported. Chemo and targeted therapies rely on drug encapsulation and delivery inside the cell, whereas photothermal and photodynamic therapies depend on photosensitizers. Concurrently, immunotherapy actively induces the body to destroy the tumor by activating an immune response. By choosing the appropriate metal center, ligands and surface functionalization, nMOFs can be utilized in all five types of therapies. In the last section, the future prospects and challenges of nMOFs with respect to the various therapies will be presented and discussed. Graphic Abstract
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre D. Harvey
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Jessica Plé
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ramya AN, Arya JS, Madhukrishnan M, Shamjith S, Vidyalekshmi MS, Maiti KK. Raman Imaging: An Impending Approach Towards Cancer Diagnosis. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:409-422. [PMID: 33443291 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In accordance with the recent studies, Raman spectroscopy is well experimented as a highly sensitive analytical and imaging technique in biomedical research, mainly for various disease diagnosis including cancer. In comparison with other imaging modalities, Raman spectroscopy facilitate numerous assistances owing to its low background signal, immense spatial resolution, high chemical specificity, multiplexing capability, excellent photo stability and non-invasive detection capability. In cancer diagnosis Raman imaging intervened as a promising investigative tool to provide molecular level information to differentiate the cancerous vs non-cancerous cells, tissues and even in body fluids. Anciently, spontaneous Raman scattering is very feeble due to its low signal intensity and long acquisition time but new advanced techniques like coherent Raman scattering (CRS) and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) gradually superseded these issues. So, the present review focuses on the recent developments and applications of Raman spectroscopy-based imaging techniques for cancer diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adukkadan N Ramya
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jayadev S Arya
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Murali Madhukrishnan
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shanmughan Shamjith
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Murukan S Vidyalekshmi
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Kaustabh K Maiti
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vaidya A, Ayat N, Buford M, Wang H, Shankardass A, Zhao Y, Gilmore H, Wang Z, Lu ZR. Noninvasive assessment and therapeutic monitoring of drug-resistant colorectal cancer by MR molecular imaging of extradomain-B fibronectin. Theranostics 2020; 10:11127-11143. [PMID: 33042274 PMCID: PMC7532678 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antineoplastic resistance represents a multifaceted challenge for cancer therapy and diagnostics. Extensive molecular heterogeneity, even within neoplasms of the same type, can elicit distinct outcomes of administering therapeutic pressures, frequently leading to the development of drug-resistant populations. Improved success of oncotherapies merits the exploration of precise molecular imaging technologies that can detect not only anatomical but also molecular changes in tumors and their microenvironment, early on in the treatment regimen. To this end, we developed magnetic resonance molecular imaging (MRMI) strategies to target the extracellular matrix oncoprotein, extradomain-B fibronectin (EDB-FN), for non-invasive assessment and therapeutic monitoring of drug-resistant colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: Two drug-resistant CRC lines generated from parent DLD-1 and RKO cells by long-term treatment with 5'-FU and 5'-FU plus CB-839 respectively, were characterized for functional and gene expression changes using 3D culture, transwell invasion, qRT-PCR, and western blot assays. Contrast-enhanced MRMI of EDB-FN was performed in athymic nu/nu mice bearing subcutaneous tumor xenografts with 40 µmol/kg dose of macrocyclic ZD2-targeted contrast agent MT218 [ZD2-N3-Gd (HP-DO3A)] on a 3T MRS 3000 scanner. Immunohistochemistry was conducted on patient specimens and xenografts using anti-EDB-FN antibody G4. Results: Analyses of TCGA and GTEx databases revealed poor prognosis of colon cancer patients with higher levels of EDB-FN. Similarly, immunohistochemical staining of patient specimens showed increased EDB-FN expression in primary colon adenocarcinoma and hepatic metastases, but none in normal adjacent tissues. Drug-resistant DLD1-DR and RKO-DR cells were also found to demonstrate enhanced invasive potential and significantly elevated EDB-FN expression over their parent counterparts. MRMI of EDB-FN with 40 µmol/kg dose of MT218 (60% lower than the clinical dose) resulted in robust signal enhancement in the drug-resistant CRC xenografts with 84-120% increase in their contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) over the non-resistant counterparts. The feasibility of non-invasive therapeutic monitoring using MRMI of EDB-FN was also evaluated in drug-resistant DLD1-DR tumors treated with a pan-AKT inhibitor MK2206-HCl. The treated drug-resistant tumors failed to respond to therapy, which was accurately detected by MRMI with MT218, demonstrating higher signal enhancement and increased CNRs in the 4-week follow-up scans over the pre-treatment scans. Conclusions: EDB-FN is a promising molecular marker for assessing drug resistance. MRMI of EDB-FN with MT218 at a significantly reduced dose can facilitate effective non-invasive assessment and treatment response monitoring of drug-resistant CRC, highlighting its translational potential for active surveillance and management of CRC and other malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amita Vaidya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Nadia Ayat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Megan Buford
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Helen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Aman Shankardass
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Yiqing Zhao
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Hannah Gilmore
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Zhenghe Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Zheng-Rong Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vaidya A, Wang H, Qian V, Gilmore H, Lu ZR. Overexpression of Extradomain-B Fibronectin is Associated with Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081826. [PMID: 32756405 PMCID: PMC7463489 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast tumor heterogeneity is a major impediment to oncotherapy. Cancer cells undergo rapid clonal evolution, thereby acquiring significant growth and invasive advantages. The absence of specific markers of these high-risk populations precludes efficient therapeutic and diagnostic management of the disease. Given the critical function of tumor microenvironment in the oncogenic circuitry, we sought to determine the expression profile of the extracellular matrix oncoprotein, extradomain-B fibronectin (EDB-FN) in invasive breast cancer. Analyses of TCGA/GTEx databases and immunostaining of clinical samples found a significant overexpression of EDB-FN in breast tumors, which correlated with poor overall survival. Significant upregulation of EDB-FN was observed in invasive cell populations generated from relatively less invasive MCF7 and MDA-MB-468 cells by long-term TGF-β treatment and acquired chemoresistance. Treatment of the invasive cell populations with an AKT inhibitor (MK2206-HCl) reduced their invasive potential, with a concomitant decrease in their EDB-FN expression, partly through the phosphoAKT-SRp55 pathway. EDB-FN downregulation, with direct RNAi of EDB-FN or indirectly through RNAi of SRp55, also resulted in reduced motility of the invasive cell populations, validating the correlation between EDB-FN expression and invasion of breast cancer cells. These data establish EDB-FN as a promising molecular marker for non-invasive therapeutic surveillance of aggressive breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amita Vaidya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (A.V.); (H.W.); (V.Q.)
| | - Helen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (A.V.); (H.W.); (V.Q.)
| | - Victoria Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (A.V.); (H.W.); (V.Q.)
| | - Hannah Gilmore
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Zheng-Rong Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (A.V.); (H.W.); (V.Q.)
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-216-368-0187
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lieverse RIY, Marcus D, van der Wiel AMA, Van Limbergen EJ, Theys J, Yaromina A, Lambin P, Dubois LJ. Human fibronectin extra domain B as a biomarker for targeted therapy in cancer. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:1555-1568. [PMID: 32386436 PMCID: PMC7332215 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix protein fibronectin contains a domain that is rarely found in healthy adults and is almost exclusively expressed by newly formed blood vessels in tumours, particularly in solid tumours, different types of lymphoma and some leukaemias. This domain, called the extra domain B (ED‐B), thus has broad therapeutic potential. The antibody L19 has been developed to specifically target ED‐B and has shown therapeutic potential when combined with cytokines, such as IL‐2. In this review article, we discuss the preclinical research and clinical trials that highlight the potential of ED‐B targeting for the imaging and treatment of various types of cancer. ED‐B‐centred studies also highlight how proper patient stratification is of utmost importance for the successful implementation of novel antibody‐based targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Relinde I Y Lieverse
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Damiënne Marcus
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander M A van der Wiel
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Evert J Van Limbergen
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Theys
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Ala Yaromina
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Lambin
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Ludwig J Dubois
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Alqaraghuli HGJ, Kashanian S, Rafipour R. A Review on Targeting Nanoparticles for Breast Cancer. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 20:1087-1107. [PMID: 31364513 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190731130001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic agents have been used extensively in breast cancer remedy. However, most anticancer drugs cannot differentiate between cancer cells and normal cells, leading to toxic side effects. Also, the resulted drug resistance during chemotherapy reduces treatment efficacy. The development of targeted drug delivery offers great promise in breast cancer treatment both in clinical applications and in pharmaceutical research. Conjugation of nanocarriers with targeting ligands is an effective therapeutic strategy to treat cancer diseases. In this review, we focus on active targeting methods for breast cancer cells through the use of chemical ligands such as antibodies, peptides, aptamers, vitamins, hormones, and carbohydrates. Also, this review covers all information related to these targeting ligands, such as their subtypes, advantages, disadvantages, chemical modification methods with nanoparticles and recent published studies (from 2015 to present). We have discussed 28 different targeting methods utilized for targeted drug delivery to breast cancer cells with different nanocarriers delivering anticancer drugs to the tumors. These different targeting methods give researchers in the field of drug delivery all the information and techniques they need to develop modern drug delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasanain Gomhor J Alqaraghuli
- Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Sciences, College of Basic Education, Al- Muthanna University, Al-Muthanna, Iraq
| | - Soheila Kashanian
- Faculty of Chemistry, Sensor and Biosensor Research Center (SBRC) & Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Center (NNRC), Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.,Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ronak Rafipour
- Department of Chemistry, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
| |
Collapse
|