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Kuntoji G, Kousar N, Gaddimath S, Koodlur Sannegowda L. Macromolecule-Nanoparticle-Based Hybrid Materials for Biosensor Applications. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:277. [PMID: 38920581 PMCID: PMC11201996 DOI: 10.3390/bios14060277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Biosensors function as sophisticated devices, converting biochemical reactions into electrical signals. Contemporary emphasis on developing biosensor devices with refined sensitivity and selectivity is critical due to their extensive functional capabilities. However, a significant challenge lies in the binding affinity of biosensors to biomolecules, requiring adept conversion and amplification of interactions into various signal modalities like electrical, optical, gravimetric, and electrochemical outputs. Overcoming challenges associated with sensitivity, detection limits, response time, reproducibility, and stability is essential for efficient biosensor creation. The central aspect of the fabrication of any biosensor is focused towards forming an effective interface between the analyte electrode which significantly influences the overall biosensor quality. Polymers and macromolecular systems are favored for their distinct properties and versatile applications. Enhancing the properties and conductivity of these systems can be achieved through incorporating nanoparticles or carbonaceous moieties. Hybrid composite materials, possessing a unique combination of attributes like advanced sensitivity, selectivity, thermal stability, mechanical flexibility, biocompatibility, and tunable electrical properties, emerge as promising candidates for biosensor applications. In addition, this approach enhances the electrochemical response, signal amplification, and stability of fabricated biosensors, contributing to their effectiveness. This review predominantly explores recent advancements in utilizing macrocyclic and macromolecular conjugated systems, such as phthalocyanines, porphyrins, polymers, etc. and their hybrids, with a specific focus on signal amplification in biosensors. It comprehensively covers synthetic strategies, properties, working mechanisms, and the potential of these systems for detecting biomolecules like glucose, hydrogen peroxide, uric acid, ascorbic acid, dopamine, cholesterol, amino acids, and cancer cells. Furthermore, this review delves into the progress made, elucidating the mechanisms responsible for signal amplification. The Conclusion addresses the challenges and future directions of macromolecule-based hybrids in biosensor applications, providing a concise overview of this evolving field. The narrative emphasizes the importance of biosensor technology advancement, illustrating the role of smart design and material enhancement in improving performance across various domains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lokesh Koodlur Sannegowda
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Jnanasagara, Vinayakanagara, Ballari 583105, India; (G.K.); (N.K.); (S.G.)
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Li X, Deng D, He L, Xu Y. A non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on a mesoporous carbon sphere immobilized Co-MOF-74 nanocomposite. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:15447-15455. [PMID: 37455587 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01544k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Exploration of credible non-enzymatic glucose sensors with high selectivity and sensitivity is of great significance for early clinical monitoring of glucose concentration and preventing the threat of diabetes to human health. Here, mesoporous carbon (MC) sphere immobilized Co-MOF-74 nanorods (NRs), denoted as Co-MOF-74 NRs/MC, were successfully prepared, in which the nanostructural porous carbon sphere was obtained using cobalt glycolate as the built-in template followed by a subsequent carbonization and acid treatment, and the MC spheres were then in situ deposited on the surface of Co-MOF-74 NRs via a solvothermal method. Benefiting from the good conductivity of the grafted porous carbon spheres and the abundant active sites, as well as the permeability of microporous MOF-74 nanocrystals, the Co-MOF-74 NRs/MC modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) exhibited effective non-enzymatic glucose sensing performance with a fast response time (less than 3 s) and a glucose sensitivity of 98.0 μA cm-2 mM-1. Furthermore, the Co-MOF-74 NRs/MC/GCE showed a favourable anti-interference capability in the presence of various interferents and good long-term reusability. The applicability of Co-MOF-74 NRs/MC/GCE for glucose sensing in real serum samples was also investigated, verifying the applicability of the electrode for targeted glucose monitoring in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianliang Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, China.
- Polymer High Functional Film Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, China
| | - Diwei Deng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, China.
- Polymer High Functional Film Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, Liaoning 110142, China
| | - Lufang He
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, PR China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, PR China
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Kumar P, Das S. Kinetics and adsorption isotherm model of 2-thiouracil adsorbed onto the surface of reduced graphene oxide-copper oxide nanocomposite material. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Seekaew Y, Tammanoon N, Tuantranont A, Lomas T, Wisitsoraat A, Wongchoosuk C. Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Chemical Vapor Deposited Graphene with Controllable Number of Layers via Hydrogen Plasma Pre-Treatment. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12080796. [PMID: 36005711 PMCID: PMC9412882 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12080796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report the conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas into graphene on copper foil by using a thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method assisted by hydrogen (H2) plasma pre-treatment. The synthesized graphene has been characterized by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results show the controllable number of layers (two to six layers) of high-quality graphene by adjusting H2 plasma pre-treatment powers (100-400 W). The number of layers is reduced with increasing H2 plasma pre-treatment powers due to the direct modification of metal catalyst surfaces. Bilayer graphene can be well grown with H2 plasma pre-treatment powers of 400 W while few-layer graphene has been successfully formed under H2 plasma pre-treatment powers ranging from 100 to 300 W. The formation mechanism is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yotsarayuth Seekaew
- Graphene and Printed Electronics Research Division (GPERD), National Security and Dual-Use Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahon Yothin Road, Klong Nueng, Klong Luang, Phathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bang Kapi, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Nantikan Tammanoon
- Graphene and Printed Electronics Research Division (GPERD), National Security and Dual-Use Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahon Yothin Road, Klong Nueng, Klong Luang, Phathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Adisorn Tuantranont
- Graphene and Printed Electronics Research Division (GPERD), National Security and Dual-Use Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahon Yothin Road, Klong Nueng, Klong Luang, Phathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Tanom Lomas
- Graphene and Printed Electronics Research Division (GPERD), National Security and Dual-Use Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahon Yothin Road, Klong Nueng, Klong Luang, Phathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Anurat Wisitsoraat
- Graphene and Printed Electronics Research Division (GPERD), National Security and Dual-Use Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahon Yothin Road, Klong Nueng, Klong Luang, Phathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Chatchawal Wongchoosuk
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Qi YT, Jiang H, Wu WT, Zhang FL, Tian SY, Fan WT, Liu YL, Amatore C, Huang WH. Homeostasis inside Single Activated Phagolysosomes: Quantitative and Selective Measurements of Submillisecond Dynamics of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Production with a Nanoelectrochemical Sensor. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9723-9733. [PMID: 35617327 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) are generated by macrophages inside their phagolysosomes. This production is essential for phagocytosis of damaged cells and pathogens, i.e., protecting the organism and maintaining immune homeostasis. The ability to quantitatively and individually monitor the four primary ROS/RNS (ONOO-, H2O2, NO, and NO2-) with submillisecond resolution is clearly warranted to elucidate the still unclear mechanisms of their rapid generation and to track their concentration variations over time inside phagolysosomes, in particular, to document the origin of ROS/RNS homeostasis during phagocytosis. A novel nanowire electrode has been specifically developed for this purpose. It consisted of wrapping a SiC nanowire with a mat of 3 nm platinum nanoparticles whose high electrocatalytic performances allow the characterization and individual measurements of each of the four primary ROS/RNS. This allowed, for the first time, a quantitative, selective, and statistically robust determination of the individual amounts of ROS/RNS present in single dormant phagolysosomes. Additionally, the submillisecond resolution of the nanosensor allowed confirmation and measurement of the rapid ability of phagolysosomes to differentially mobilize their enzyme pools of NADPH oxidases and inducible nitric oxide synthases to finely regulate their homeostasis. This reveals an essential key to immune responses and immunotherapies and rationalizes its biomolecular origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Qi
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Tao Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Li Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Si-Yu Tian
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Ting Fan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Ling Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Christian Amatore
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.,PASTEUR, Départment de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, CNRS 24 rue Lhomond, Paris 75005, France
| | - Wei-Hua Huang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
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Aun TT, Salleh NM, Ali UFM, Manan NSA. Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensors Involving Copper: An Electrochemical Perspective. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:537-593. [PMID: 34477020 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1967720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-enzymatic glucose sensors based on the use of copper and its oxides have emerged as promising candidates to replace enzymatic glucose sensors owing to their stability, ease of fabrication, and superior sensitivity. This review explains the theories of the mechanism of glucose oxidation on copper transition metal electrodes. It also presents an overview on the development of among the best non-enzymatic copper-based glucose sensors in the past 10 years. A brief description of methods, interesting findings, and important performance parameters are provided to inspire the reader and researcher to create new improvements in sensor design. Finally, several important considerations that pertain to the nano-structuring of the electrode surface is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Tiek Aun
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,University Malaya Centre for Ionic Liquids (UMCiL), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noordini Mohamad Salleh
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Centre for Fundamental and Frontier Sciences in Nanostructure Self-Assembly, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Umi Fazara Md Ali
- Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Malaysia.,Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization (COEBU), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Malaysia
| | - Ninie Suhana Abdul Manan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,University Malaya Centre for Ionic Liquids (UMCiL), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Mojtahedi S, Serrapede M, Lamberti A, Pirri CF, Heydari-Bafrooei E, Molaei M, Karimipour M. A facile, safe and controllable morphology synthesis of rGO_Cu2O nanocomposite as a binder-free electrode for electrochemical capacitors. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Zhai X, Cao Y, Liu H. Determination of Hydrogen Peroxide Using Electrochemical Sensor Modified with N, P, S Co-Doped Porous Carbon/Chitosan-Nano Copper. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934821070121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kim K, Chaudhari KN, Kim S, Kim Y, Shin KS. Facile single-step synthesis of Cu-rGO nanocomposite through simultaneous reduction process and its peroxidase mimic activity. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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10
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Application of ascorbic acid in the synthesis of rGO/micro-octahedral Cu2O nanocomposites and its effect on the wide linear response range of glucose detection. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Kim SE, Muthurasu A. Metal-organic framework–assisted bimetallic Ni@Cu microsphere for enzyme-free electrochemical sensing of glucose. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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A Brief Description of Cyclic Voltammetry Transducer-Based Non-Enzymatic Glucose Biosensor Using Synthesized Graphene Electrodes. APPLIED SYSTEM INNOVATION 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/asi3030032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The essential disadvantages of conventional glucose enzymatic biosensors such as high fabrication cost, poor stability of enzymes, pH value-dependent, and dedicated limitations, have been increasing the attraction of non-enzymatic glucose sensors research. Beneficially, patients with diabetes could use this type of sensor as a fourth-generation of glucose sensors with a very low cost and high performance. We demonstrate the most common acceptable transducer for a non-enzymatic glucose biosensor with a brief description of how it works. The review describes the utilization of graphene and its composites as new materials for high-performance non-enzymatic glucose biosensors. The electrochemical properties of graphene and the electrochemical characterization using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique of electrocatalysis electrodes towards glucose oxidation have been summarized. A recent synthesis method of the graphene-based electrodes for non-enzymatic glucose sensors have been introduced along with this study. Finally, the electrochemical properties such as linearity, sensitivity, and the limit of detection (LOD) for each sensor are introduced with a comparison with each other to figure out their strengths and weaknesses.
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Significance of nanomaterials in electrochemical glucose sensors: An updated review (2016-2020). Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 159:112165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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14
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Jayasingha L, Jayathilaka C, Kumara R, Ohara K, Kaumal M, Gunewardene S, Dissanayake D, Jayanetti S. Nanoporous Cu2O nanotube/nanorod array electrodes for non-enzymatic glucose sensing with high sensitivity and very low detection limit. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Krishnan SK, Singh E, Singh P, Meyyappan M, Nalwa HS. A review on graphene-based nanocomposites for electrochemical and fluorescent biosensors. RSC Adv 2019; 9:8778-8881. [PMID: 35517682 PMCID: PMC9062009 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09577a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosensors with high sensitivity, selectivity and a low limit of detection, reaching nano/picomolar concentrations of biomolecules, are important to the medical sciences and healthcare industry for evaluating physiological and metabolic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Kumar Krishnan
- CONACYT-Instituto de Física
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla
- Puebla 72570
- Mexico
| | - Eric Singh
- Department of Computer Science
- Stanford University
- Stanford
- USA
| | - Pragya Singh
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30010
- Taiwan
| | - Meyya Meyyappan
- Center for Nanotechnology
- NASA Ames Research Center
- Moffett Field
- Mountain View
- USA
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Zhang C, Zhang Z, Yang Q, Chen W. Graphene-based Electrochemical Glucose Sensors: Fabrication and Sensing Properties. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun, Jilin 130022 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100039 China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun, Jilin 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei 230029, Anhui China
| | - Qin Yang
- School of Science; Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology; Xi'an 710055 China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun, Jilin 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei 230029, Anhui China
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