1
|
Naranjo MF, Kumar A, Ratrey P, Hudson SP. Pre-formulation of an additive combination of two antimicrobial agents, clofazimine and nisin A, to boost antimicrobial activity. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:1558-1568. [PMID: 38252026 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01800h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, antimicrobial resistance is one of the top ten issues that pose a major threat to humanity. The lack of investment by the pharmaceutical industry has meant fewer novel antimicrobial agents are in development, exacerbating the problem. Emerging drug design strategies are exploring the repurposing of existing drugs and the utilization of novel drug candidates, like antimicrobial peptides, to combat drug resistance. This proactive approach is crucial in fighting global health threats. In this study, an additive combination of a repurposed anti-leprosy drug, clofazimine, and an antimicrobial peptide, nisin A, are preformulated using liquid antisolvent precipitation to generate a stable amorphous, ionized nanoparticle system to boost antimicrobial activity. The nanotechnology aims to improve the physicochemical properties of the inherently poorly water-soluble clofazimine molecules while also harnessing the previously unreported additive effect of clofazimine and nisin A. The approach transformed clofazimine into a more water-soluble salt, yielding amorphous nanoparticles stabilized by the antimicrobial peptide; and combined the two drugs into a more soluble and more active formulation. Blending pre-formulation strategies like amorphization, salt formation, and nanosizing to improve the inherent low aqueous solubility of drugs can open many new possibilities for the design of new antimicrobial agents. This fusion of pre-formulation technologies in combination with the multi-hurdle approach of selecting drugs with different effects on microbes could be key in the design platform of new antibiotics in the fight against antimicrobial resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateo Flores Naranjo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| | - Poonam Ratrey
- Department of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| | - Sarah P Hudson
- Department of Chemical Sciences, SSPC, Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Neusaenger AL, Yao X, Yu J, Kim S, Hui HW, Huang L, Que C, Yu L. Amorphous Drug-Polymer Salts: Maximizing Proton Transfer to Enhance Stability and Release. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:1347-1356. [PMID: 36668815 PMCID: PMC9906740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
An amorphous drug-polymer salt (ADPS) can be remarkably stable against crystallization at high temperature and humidity (e.g., 40°C/75% RH) and provide fast release. Here, we report that process conditions strongly influence the degree of proton transfer (salt formation) between a drug and a polymer and in turn the product's stability and release. For lumefantrine (LMF) formulated with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), we first show that the amorphous materials prepared by slurry conversion and antisolvent precipitation produce a single trend in which the degree of drug protonation increases with PAA concentration from 0% for pure LMF to ∼100% above 70 wt % PAA, independent of PAA's molecular weight (1.8, 450, and 4000 kg/mol). This profile describes the equilibrium for salt formation and can be modeled as a chemical equilibrium in which the basic molecules compete for the acidic groups on the polymer chain. Relative to this equilibrium, the literature methods of hot-melt extrusion (HME) and rotary evaporation (RE) reached much lower degrees of salt formation. For example, at 40 wt % drug loading, HME reached 5% salt formation and RE 15%, both well below the equilibrium value of 85%. This is noteworthy given the common use of HME and RE in manufacturing amorphous formulations, indicating a need for careful control of process conditions to ensure the full interaction between the drug and the polymer. This need arises due to the low mobility of macromolecules and the mutual hindrance of adjacent reaction sites. We find that a high degree of salt formation enhances drug stability and release. For example, at 50% drug loading, an HME-like formulation with 19% salt formation crystallized faster and released only 20% of the drug relative to a slurry-prepared formulation with 70% salt formation. Based on this work, we recommend slurry conversion as the method for preparing ADPS for its ability to enhance salt formation and continuously adjust drug loading. While this work focused on salt formation, the impact of process conditions on the molecular-level interactions between a drug and a polymer is likely a general issue for amorphous solid dispersions, with consequences on product stability and drug release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Lan Neusaenger
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Xin Yao
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Junguang Yu
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Soojin Kim
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Ho-Wah Hui
- Drug
Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, New Jersey 07901, United States
| | - Lian Huang
- Drug
Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, New Jersey 07901, United States
| | - Chailu Que
- Drug
Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, New Jersey 07901, United States
| | - Lian Yu
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States,Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
BX795-Organic Acid Coevaporates: Evaluation of Solid-State Characteristics, In Vitro Cytocompatibility and In Vitro Activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111920. [PMID: 34834335 PMCID: PMC8623185 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BX795 is a TANK binding kinase-1 inhibitor that has shown excellent therapeutic activity in murine models of genital and ocular herpes infections on topical delivery. Currently, only the BX795 free base and its hydrochloride salt are available commercially. Here, we evaluate the ability of various organic acids suitable for vaginal and/or ocular delivery to form BX795 salts/cocrystals/co-amorphous systems with the aim of facilitating pharmaceutical development of BX795. We characterized BX795-organic acid coevaporates using powder X-ray diffractometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to elucidate the interaction between BX795 and various organic acids such as taurine, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid. Furthermore, using human corneal epithelial cells and HeLa cells, we evaluated BX795-organic acid coevaporates for in vitro cytocompatibility and in vitro antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus-type 1 (HSV-1) and type-2 (HSV-2). Our studies indicate that BX795 forms co-amorphous systems with tartaric acid and citric acid. Interestingly, the association of organic acids with BX795 improved its thermal stability. Our in vitro cytocompatibility and in vitro antiviral studies to screen suitable BX795-organic acid coevaporates for further development show that all BX795-organic acid systems, at a concentration equivalent to 10 µM BX795, retained antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 but showed differential cytocompatibility. Further, dose-dependent in vitro cytocompatibility and antiviral activity studies on the BX795-fumaric acid system, BX795-tartaric acid co-amorphous system, and BX795-citric acid co-amorphous system show similar antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 compared to BX795, whereas only the BX795-citric acid co-amorphous system showed higher in vitro cytocompatibility compared to BX795.
Collapse
|
4
|
Sutar Y, Fulton SR, Paul S, Altamirano S, Mhatre S, Saeed H, Patel P, Mallick S, Bhat R, Patravale VB, Chauhan H, Nielsen K, Date AA. Docusate-Based Ionic Liquids of Anthelmintic Benzimidazoles Show Improved Pharmaceutical Processability, Lipid Solubility, and in Vitro Activity against Cryptococcus neoformans. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2637-2649. [PMID: 34467755 PMCID: PMC8884109 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As the existing therapeutic modalities for the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis (CM) have suboptimal efficacy, repurposing existing drugs for the treatment of CM is of great interest. The FDA-approved anthelmintic benzimidazoles, albendazole, mebendazole, and flubendazole, have demonstrated potent but variable in vitro activity against Cryptococcus neoformans, the predominant fungal species responsible for CM. We performed molecular docking studies to ascertain the interaction of albendazole, mebendazole, and flubendazole with a C. neoformans β-tubulin structure, which revealed differential binding interactions and explained the different in vitro efficacies reported previously and observed in this investigation. Despite their promising in vitro efficacy, the repurposing of anthelmintic benzimidazoles for oral CM therapy is significantly hampered due to their high crystallinity, poor pharmaceutical processability, low and pH-dependent solubility, and drug precipitation upon entering the intestine, all of which result in low and variable oral bioavailability. Here, we demonstrate that the anthelmintic benzimidazoles can be transformed into partially amorphous low-melting ionic liquids (ILs) with a simple metathesis reaction using amphiphilic sodium docusate as a counterion. In vitro efficacy studies on a laboratory reference and a clinical isolate of C. neoformans showed 2- to 4-fold lower IC90 values for docusate-based ILs compared to the pure anthelmintic benzimidazoles. Furthermore, using a C. neoformans strain with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged β-tubulin and albendazole and its docusate IL as model candidates, we showed that the benzimidazoles and their ILs reduce the viability of C. neoformans by interfering with its microtubule assembly. Unlike pure anthelmintic benzimidazoles, the docusate-based ILs showed excellent solubility in organic solvents and >30-fold higher solubility in bioavailability-enhancing lipid vehicles. Finally, the docusate ILs were successfully incorporated into SoluPlus, a self-assembling biodegradable polymer, which upon dilution with water formed polymeric micelles with a size of <100 nm. Thus, the development of docusate-based ILs represents an effective approach to improve the physicochemical properties and potency of anthelmintic benzimidazoles to facilitate their repurposing and preclinical development for CM therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Sutar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Sophie R Fulton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Sagarkumar Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Creighton University School of Pharmacy and Health Profession, 2200 California Plaza, Omaha, Nebraska 68710, United States
| | - Sophie Altamirano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Susmit Mhatre
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400011, India
| | - Hiwa Saeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Pratikkumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Sudipta Mallick
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Roopal Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shree Chanakya Education Society's Indira College of Pharmacy, Tathawade, Pune, Maharashtra 411033, India
| | - Vandana B Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400011, India
| | - Harsh Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Creighton University School of Pharmacy and Health Profession, 2200 California Plaza, Omaha, Nebraska 68710, United States
| | - Kirsten Nielsen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Abhijit A Date
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ryan A, Patel P, O'Connor PM, Ross RP, Hill C, Hudson SP. Pharmaceutical design of a delivery system for the bacteriocin lacticin 3147. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:1735-1751. [PMID: 33876405 PMCID: PMC8236048 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00984-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lacticin 3147 is a dual-acting two-peptide bacteriocin which is generally active against Gram-positive bacteria, including Listeria monocytogenes and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria such as Closteroides difficile in the colon. L. monocytogenes infections can cause life-long effects in the elderly and vulnerable and can cause severe complications in pregnant women. C. difficile causes one of the most common healthcare-associated infections and can be fatal in vulnerable groups such as the elderly. Although lacticin 3147 is degraded by intestinal proteases and has poor aqueous solubility, encapsulation of the bacteriocin could enable its use as an antimicrobial for treating these bacterial infections locally in the gastrointestinal tract. Lacticin 3147 displayed activity in aqueous solutions at a range of pH values and in gastric and intestinal fluids. Exposure to trypsin and α-chymotrypsin resulted in complete inactivation, implying that lacticin 3147 should be protected from these enzymes to achieve successful local delivery to the gastrointestinal tract. The amount of lacticin 3147 dissolved, i.e. its solution concentration, in water or buffered solutions at pH 1.6 and 7.4 was low and varied with time but increased and was stabilized in gastrointestinal fluids by the phospholipid and bile salt components present. Thus, the feasibility of a solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) delivery system for local administration of lacticin 3147 was investigated. Bacteriocin activity was observed after encapsulation and release from a lipid matrix. Moreover, activity was seen after exposure to degrading enzymes. Further optimization of SLN delivery systems could enable the successful pharmaceutical development of active lacticin 3147 as an alternative to traditional antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aoibhín Ryan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Pratikkumar Patel
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Paula M O'Connor
- Teagasc Food Research Centre Moorepark, Fermoy Co. Cork, Fermoy, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Ireland Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sarah P Hudson
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
- SSPC the SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Improvement of the Bioavailability and Anti-hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis Effect of Albendazole-Isethionate/Hypromellose Acetate Succinate (HPMC-AS) Complex. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:e0223320. [PMID: 33875425 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02233-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Maximizing the pharmacodynamics of albendazole (ABZ), which is used to treat echinococcoses, is essential for the long-term treatment of echinococcosis patients. ABZ is a weak base whose solubility depends on the pH value of the solvent. After it has been orally administered, its solubility drops sharply from when it is in gastric juices (pH 1.4) to when it is in intestinal juices (pH 6.5) and is subsequently absorbed in the ileum and jejunum. This results in low solubility and poor bioavailability of the drug. In this study, we developed an orally administered albendazole-isethionate (ABZ-HES)/hypromellose acetate succinate (HPMC-AS) complex tablet (TABZ-HES-H) with improved solubility and bioavailability. Previous studies demonstrated that ABZ-HES has a higher intrinsic dissolution rate under pH 1.4 than the ABZ free base used in the commercial product Albenda and that HPMC-AS can effectively inhibit ABZ crystallization, which could be due to the hydrophobic interaction between ABZ and HPMC-AS in an aqueous environment. In this study, the dissolution behavior of TABZ-HES-H in vitro was studied by the two-step pH conversion method. Our results demonstrated that the oral bioavailability of TABZ-HES-H was approximately 2.6 times higher than that of ABZ. More importantly, in the rat model of secondary hepatic alveolar echinococcosis, the anti-hepatic alveolar echinococcosis effect of TABZ-HES-H was 3.4 times higher than that of a commercial product. The improved preparation with salt and polymer has proven to be a feasible method of improving the oral bioavailability and pharmacodynamics of ABZ.
Collapse
|
7
|
Bodart L, Prinzo M, Derlet A, Tumanov N, Wouters J. Taking advantage of solvate formation to modulate drug–drug ratio in clofaziminium diclofenac salts. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01400a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Clever solvent selection allows crystallization of a great structural variety of (un)solvated salts combining clofazimine and diclofenac.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Bodart
- University of Namur (UNamur)Namur Medicine and Drug Innovation Center – Namur Research Institute for LIfe Science (NAMEDIC-NARILIS)
- Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM)
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Namur (UNamur)
- 5000 Namur
| | - Maria Prinzo
- Drug Science Department
- University of Catania
- 95125 Catania
- Italy
| | - Amélie Derlet
- University of Namur (UNamur)Namur Medicine and Drug Innovation Center – Namur Research Institute for LIfe Science (NAMEDIC-NARILIS)
- Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM)
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Namur (UNamur)
- 5000 Namur
| | - Nikolay Tumanov
- University of Namur (UNamur)Namur Medicine and Drug Innovation Center – Namur Research Institute for LIfe Science (NAMEDIC-NARILIS)
- Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM)
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Namur (UNamur)
- 5000 Namur
| | - Johan Wouters
- University of Namur (UNamur)Namur Medicine and Drug Innovation Center – Namur Research Institute for LIfe Science (NAMEDIC-NARILIS)
- Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM)
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Namur (UNamur)
- 5000 Namur
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bodart L, Derlet A, Buol X, Leyssens T, Tumanov N, Wouters J. Combining Two Antitubercular Drugs, Clofazimine and 4-Aminosalicylic Acid, in Order to Improve Clofazimine Aqueous Solubility and 4-Aminosalicylic Acid Thermal Stability. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:3645-3652. [PMID: 32976899 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Four forms of a salt combining two antitubercular drugs, clofazimine and 4-aminosalicylic acid, are reported and the crystal structure of two of these forms are described. TG/DSC analysis of all four forms demonstrate an increase in the temperature at which degradation (upon decarboxylation) occurs in comparison to pure 4-aminosalicylic acid. Water solubility evaluation indicates a significant increase of the amount of clofazimine detected in water (10.26 ± 0.52 μg/mL for form I, 12.27 ± 0.32 μg/mL for form II, 7.15 ± 0.43 μg/mL for form III and 8.50 ± 1.24 μg/mL for form IV) in comparison to pure clofazimine (0.20 ± 0.03 μg/mL).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Bodart
- Namur Medicine and Drug Innovation Center - Namur Research Institute for LIfe Science (NAMEDIC-NARILIS), Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium.
| | - Amélie Derlet
- Namur Medicine and Drug Innovation Center - Namur Research Institute for LIfe Science (NAMEDIC-NARILIS), Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Xavier Buol
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, UCLouvain, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Tom Leyssens
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, UCLouvain, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Nikolay Tumanov
- Namur Medicine and Drug Innovation Center - Namur Research Institute for LIfe Science (NAMEDIC-NARILIS), Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Johan Wouters
- Namur Medicine and Drug Innovation Center - Namur Research Institute for LIfe Science (NAMEDIC-NARILIS), Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000 Namur, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dully M, Brasnett C, Djeghader A, Seddon A, Neilan J, Murray D, Butler J, Soulimane T, Hudson SP. Modulating the release of pharmaceuticals from lipid cubic phases using a lipase inhibitor. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 573:176-192. [PMID: 32278949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Lipid cubic phase formulations have gained recognition as potential controlled delivery systems for a range of active pharmaceutical and biological agents on account of their desirable physiochemical properties and ability to encapsulate both hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules. The most widely studied lipid cubic systems are those of the monoacylglycerol lipid family. These formulations are susceptible to lipolysis by a variety of enzymes, including lipases and esterases, which attack the ester bond present on the lipid chain bridging the oleic acid component to the glycerol backbone. The release of poorly soluble molecules residing in the lipid membrane portions of the phase is limited by the breakdown of the matrix; thus, presenting a potential means for further controlling and sustaining the release of therapeutic agents by targeting the matrix stability and its rate of degradation. The aims of the present study were twofold: to evaluate an approach to regulate the rate of degradation of lipid cubic phase drug delivery systems by targeting the enzyme interactions responsible for their demise; and to study the subsequent drug release profiles from bulk lipid cubic gels using model drugs of contrasting hydrophobicity. Here, hybrid materials consisting of cubic phases with monoacylglycerol lipids of different chain lengths formulated with a potent lipase inhibitor tetrahydrolipstatin were designed. Modulation of the release of a hydrophobic model pharmaceutical, a clofazimine salt, was obtained by exploiting the matrices' enzyme-driven digestion. A stable cubic phase is described, displaying controlled degradation with at least a 4-fold improvement compared to the blank systems shown in inhibitor-containing cubic systems. Sustained release of the model hydrophobic pharmaceutical was studied over 30 days to highlight the advantage of incorporating an inhibitor into the cubic network to achieve tunable lipid release systems. This is done without negatively affecting the structure of the matrix itself, as shown by comprehensive small-angle x-ray scattering experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Dully
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland
| | - Christopher Brasnett
- School of Physics, University of Bristol, Tyndall Ave, Bristol BS8 1FD, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Djeghader
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland
| | - Annela Seddon
- School of Physics, University of Bristol, Tyndall Ave, Bristol BS8 1FD, United Kingdom; Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1FD, United Kingdom
| | - John Neilan
- COOK Ireland Limited, O'Halloran Rd, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland
| | - David Murray
- COOK Ireland Limited, O'Halloran Rd, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland
| | - James Butler
- COOK Ireland Limited, O'Halloran Rd, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland
| | - Tewfik Soulimane
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Sarah P Hudson
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
|
11
|
Zhong CS, Cui JL, Yu SY, Wang X, Wang N. A green and practical reduction of N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-nitroaniline and its derivatives to corresponding N-substituted-benzene-1,2-diamines using thiourea dioxide. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
12
|
Preformulation Studies and Enabling Formulation Selection for an Insoluble Compound at Preclinical Stage-From In Vitro, In Silico to In Vivo. J Pharm Sci 2019; 109:950-958. [PMID: 31647952 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to identify an enabling formulation for an insoluble compound ZL006 with potency of boosting leukocytes after chemotherapy. The low oral bioavailability (<1%) of its conventional suspension was the hurdle for the preclinical evaluation via oral administration. Preformulation studies including physical form screening and physicochemical properties determination were performed. Polymorphism was observed, and the more thermodynamically stable form was selected for further studies. ZL006 showed certain supersaturation solubility, although the thermodynamic solubility in FaSSIF was low, which indicated the supersaturating formulation might work. Parameter sensitivity analysis by in silico simulation predicted that in vivo exposure was sensitive to solubility, while particle size reduction would have limited impact on exposure. Based on in silico prediction and the understanding of the molecule from preformulation studies, solid dispersion approach was selected. A preliminary dose escalation pharmacokinetic study in rats demonstrated that in vivo exposure increased in dose-proportional manner from 12.5 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg with around 50% oral bioavailability after oral dosing of the solid dispersion. This work showed that combination of preformulation studies and in silico simulation could efficiently guide the selection of enabling formulation, which could save resources at preclinical stage.
Collapse
|
13
|
Bodart L, Tumanov N, Wouters J. Structural variety of clofaziminium salts: effect of the counter-ion on clofaziminium conformation and crystal packing. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2019; 75:674-686. [DOI: 10.1107/s2052520619007649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Clofazimine is a water-insoluble antimycobacterial agent gaining attention as a treatment for multi-drug resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. Novel salts of clofazimine are reported with fumaric, succinic, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic and terephthalic acids and with saccharin. The salt structures were obtained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The salts with 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and with saccharin are solvated (methanol and acetonitrile, respectively). The reaction of clofazimine with terephthalic acid led to two salt cocrystals, one solvated and one non-solvated. These new clofaziminium salts are compared with the currently known ones in terms of crystal packing and clofazimine/ium conformation. Clofaziminium hydrogen succinate presents isostructurality with clofaziminium hydrogen malonate, an already described salt. In the structure of clofaziminium terephthalate terephthalic acid salt cocrystal, solvent evaporation leads to packing and hydrogen-bonding modifications. In all the new structures, the clofaziminium conformation is quite well conserved and steric hindrance is observed around the protonated site. Conformational optimization of clofaziminium reveals that this steric-hindrance energy penalty is compensated for by hydrogen-bond interactions with the salt counter-ions.
Collapse
|
14
|
Salim M, Ramirez G, Clulow AJ, Zhang Y, Ristroph KD, Feng J, McManus SA, Hawley A, Prud'homme RK, Boyd BJ. Solid-State Behavior and Solubilization of Flash Nanoprecipitated Clofazimine Particles during the Dispersion and Digestion of Milk-Based Formulations. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:2755-2765. [PMID: 31038976 PMCID: PMC6549212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Clofazimine, a drug previously used
to treat leprosy, has recently
been identified as a potential new drug for the treatment for cryptosporidiosis:
a diarrheal disease that contributes to 500 000 infant deaths
a year in developing countries. Rapid dissolution and local availability
of the drug in the small intestine is considered key to the treatment
of the infection. However, the commercially available clofazimine
formulation (Lamprene) is not well-suited to pediatric use, and therefore
reformulation of clofazimine is desirable. Development of clofazimine
nanoparticles through the process of flash nanoprecipitation (FNP)
has been previously shown to provide fast and improved drug dissolution
rates compared to clofazimine crystals and Lamprene. In this study,
we investigate the effects of milk-based formulations (as possible
pediatric-friendly vehicles) on the in vitro solubilization of clofazimine
formulated as either lecithin- or zein/casein-stabilized nanoparticles.
Milk and infant formula were used as the lipid vehicles, and time-resolved
synchrotron X-ray scattering was used to monitor the presence of crystalline
clofazimine in suspension during in vitro lipolysis under intestinal
conditions. The study confirmed faster dissolution of clofazimine
from all the FNP formulations after the digestion of infant formula
was initiated, and a reduced quantity of fat was required to achieve
similar levels of drug solubilization compared to the reference drug
material and the commercial formulation. These attributes highlight
not only the potential benefits of the FNP approach to prepare drug
particles but also the fact that enhanced dissolution rates can be
complemented by considering the amount of co-administered fat in lipid-based
formulations to drive the solubilization of poorly soluble drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yingyue Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Kurt D Ristroph
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Simon A McManus
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | - Adrian Hawley
- SAXS/WAXS Beamline, Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO , 800 Blackburn Rd , Clayton , Victoria 3169 , Australia
| | - Robert K Prud'homme
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08540 , United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bannigan P, Stokes K, Kumar A, Madden C, Hudson SP. Investigating the effects of amphipathic gastrointestinal compounds on the solution behaviour of salt and free base forms of clofazimine: An in vitro evaluation. Int J Pharm 2018; 552:180-192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
16
|
Bannigan P, Durack E, Mathur H, Rea MC, Ross RP, Hudson SP. Delivery of a hydrophobic drug into the lower gastrointestinal system via an endogenous enzyme-mediated carrier mechanism: An in vitro study. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 133:12-19. [PMID: 30267836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Clofazimine (CFZ) is a hydrophobic antibiotic agent which exhibits poor solubility. This poor solubility was overcome herein by the formulation of CFZ with the digestive enzyme pepsin. It is shown that pepsin can actively bind 11 CFZ molecules in the protein's native gastric environment, forming a CFZ-pepsin complex. A dynamic dissolution system, representing both the gastric and intestinal system, was used to analyze this CFZ-pepsin complex, revealing that only CFZ which binds to pepsin in the gastric environment remains in solution in the intestinal environment. The CFZ-pepsin complex displays adequate solution stability for the delivery of CFZ into the lower intestinal system. In vitro bioactivity assays against Clostridium difficile demonstrated the effectiveness of this CFZ-pepsin complex for the treatment of infectious diseases in the lower intestinal system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pauric Bannigan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Edel Durack
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Harsh Mathur
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland.
| | - Mary C Rea
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland.
| | - R Paul Ross
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland; College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Ireland.
| | - Sarah P Hudson
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|