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Shakourian-Fard M, Ghenaatian HR, Kamath G. Geminal Dicationic Ionic Liquids (GDILs) and Their Adsorption on Graphene Nanoflakes. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:7575-7587. [PMID: 38405523 PMCID: PMC10882669 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
In this work, the configuration and stability of 15 geminal dicationic ionic liquids (GDILs) and their adsorption mechanism on the graphene nanoflake (GNF) are investigated using the density functional theory (DFT) method. We find that the interactions of dications ([DAm]+, [DIm]+, [DImDm]+, [DPy]+, and [DPyrr]+)) are stabilized near the anions ([BF4]-, [PF6]-, and [Tf2N]-) in the most stable configurations of GDILs through electrostatic interactions, van der Waals (vdW) interactions, and hydrogen bonding (H-bonding). Our calculations show that the adsorption of the GDILs on the GNF is consistent with the charge transfer and occurs via X···π (X = N, O, F), C-H···π, and π···π noncovalent interactions, leading to a decrease in the strength of the intermolecular interactions between the dications and anions in the GDILs. The thermochemistry calculations reveal that the formation of GDIL@GNF complexes is an exothermic and favorable reaction. The adsorption energy (Eads) calculations show that the highest Eads values for the interaction of GDILs containing [BF4]-, [PF6]-, and [Tf2N]- anions with the GNF are observed for the [DPy][BF4]@GNF (-23.56 kcal/mol), [DPy][PF6]@GNF (-29.29 kcal/mol), and [DPyrr][Tf2N]@GNF (-24.74 kcal/mol) complexes, respectively. Our results show that the adsorption of the GDILs on the GNF leads to the decrease of the chemical potential (μ), chemical hardness (η), and HOMO-LUMO energy gap (Eg) values and an increase in the electrophilicity index (ω) value of the GNF. In addition, the effect of GDIL adsorption on the UV-vis absorption spectrum was studied at the TD-M06-2X/cc-pVDZ level of theory. We find that the adsorption of GDILs results in minimal change in the shape of the main absorption peak (at λ = 363 nm) in the GNF spectrum and only shifts it to higher wavelengths. On the other hand, a new peak appears in the GNF spectrum upon adsorption of [DPy][Y] (Y = [BF4]-, [PF6]-, and [Tf2N]-) due to the relatively strong π···π interactions between the [DPy]+ dication and GNF. Finally, the transition density matrix (TDM) heat maps show that electron transfers related to the excitation states in the GDIL@GNF complexes occur mainly through π(C=C) → π*(C=C) transitions in the GNF and the transitions from [DPy]+ dication to the GNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Shakourian-Fard
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Birjand University
of Technology, Birjand,
P.O. Box 97175/569, Iran
| | | | - Ganesh Kamath
- Dalzierfiver
LLC, 3500 Carlfied St., El Sobrante, California 94803, United States
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Evaluation of antimicrobial properties of monocationic and dicationic surface-active ionic liquids. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Beck TS, de Mattos M, Jortieke CR, Vieira JC, Verdi CM, Santos RC, Sagrillo MR, Rossato A, da Silva Silveira L, Frizzo CP. Structural effects of amino acid-based ionic liquids on thermophysical properties, and antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Exploring of spacer fluorination effect on the characteristics and physicochemical properties of the newly designed task specific dicationic imidazolium-based ionic liquids: A quantum chemical approach. J Fluor Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2022.110026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hennemann BL, Bender CR, Moleta GS, Carvalho ÂR, Bazana LCG, Fuentefria AM, Frizzo CP. Antifungal Activity and Stability of Fluconazole Emulsion Containing Ionic Liquids Explained by Intermolecular Interactions. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040710. [PMID: 35456544 PMCID: PMC9026797 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This research reports accelerated stability experiments, the evaluation of intermolecular interactions, and antifungal assays for fluconazole emulsions prepared using ultrasound (US) and magnetic stirring (MS) in the presence of ionic liquids derived from 1,n-(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl)alkane bromide ([CnMIM]Br; n = 12 or 16). The goals of the investigation are to quantify the stability, identify the forces that drive the formation and stability, and determine the antifungal activity of fluconazole-containing emulsions, and corroborate the data from our previous results that indicated that the emulsion based on [C16MIM]Br seemed to be more stable. In this study, accelerated stability experiments evidenced a considerable stability for the [C16MIM]Br emulsions at two temperatures (25 and 37 °C)—the instability index increased in the following order: US40% < US20% < MS. The 1H NMR data showed that the ILs interacts differently with medium-chain triglycerides (MCT). Two distinct interaction mechanisms were also observed for [C12MIM]Br and [C16MIM]Br with fluconazole, in which the latter formed more compact mixed aggregates than the former. The result was corroborated by diffusion data, which showed that ILs suffered a decrease in diffusion in the presence of fluconazole. The antifungal assay showed that emulsions containing ILs displayed superior activity compared with fluconazole alone. The emulsions also showed potent activity in inhibiting a resistant species (C. glabrata—CG34) to FLZ. All emulsions showed weak irritant potential in HET-CAM assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno L. Hennemann
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105900, Brazil; (B.L.H.); (G.S.M.)
| | - Caroline R. Bender
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Pampa, São Gabriel 97307020, Brazil;
| | - Guilherme S. Moleta
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105900, Brazil; (B.L.H.); (G.S.M.)
| | - Ânderson R. Carvalho
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610000, Brazil; (Â.R.C.); (L.C.G.B.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Luana C. G. Bazana
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610000, Brazil; (Â.R.C.); (L.C.G.B.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Alexandre M. Fuentefria
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610000, Brazil; (Â.R.C.); (L.C.G.B.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Clarissa P. Frizzo
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105900, Brazil; (B.L.H.); (G.S.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Liu C, Chen B, Shi W, Huang W, Qian H. Ionic Liquids for Enhanced Drug Delivery: Recent Progress and Prevailing Challenges. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:1033-1046. [PMID: 35274963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are a class of nonmolecular compounds composed only of ions. Compared with traditional organic solvents, ILs have the advantages of wide chemical space, diverse and flexible structures, negligible vapor pressure, and high thermal stability, which make them widely used in many fields of modern science, such as chemical synthesis and catalytic decomposition, electrochemistry, biomass conversion, and biotransformation biotechnology. Because of their special characteristics, ILs have been favored in the pharmaceutical field recently, especially for the development of efficient drug delivery systems. So far, ILs have been successfully designed to promote the dissolution of poorly soluble drugs and the destruction of physiological barriers, such as the tight junction between the stratum corneum and the intestinal epithelium. In addition, ILs can also be combined with other drug strategies to stabilize the structure of small molecules. This Review mainly introduces the application of ILs in drug delivery, emphasizes the potential mechanism of ILs, and presents the key research directions of ILs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Liu
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Chen
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shi
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Qian
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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Kuhn BL, Kaminski TFA, Carvalho ÂR, Fuentefria AM, Johann BMBC, da Silva EE, Silveira GP, da Silveira TL, Soares FAA, Zanatta N, Frizzo CP. Antimicrobial and Toxicity Evaluation of Imidazolium-Based Dicationic Ionic Liquids with Dicarboxylate Anions. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13050639. [PMID: 33947119 PMCID: PMC8145335 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Imidazolium-based dicationic ILs (DILs) presenting antimicrobial activity and relatively low toxicity are highly desirable and are envisioned for use in live tissue to prevent bacterial or fungal infections. In this context, we present here DILs with dicarboxylate anions [Cn(MIM)2[Cn(MIM)2][CO2-(CH2)mCO2], in which n = 4, 6, 8, and 10, and m = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The results showed that DILs with an alkyl chain spacer of ten carbons were active against yeasts and the bacterial strains tested. However, most of the DILs were cytotoxic and toxic at 1 mM. By contrast, DILs with alkyl chains possessing less than ten carbons were active against some specific Candidas and bacteria (mainly S. aureus), and they showed moderate cytotoxicity. The best activity against Gram-positive bacteria was observed for [C4(MIM)2][Pim] toward MRSA. For the DILs described herein, their level of toxicity against C. elegans was lower than that of most of the mono- and dicationic IL analogs with other anions. Our results showed that the presence of carboxylate anions reduces the toxicity of DILs compared to DILs containing halide anions, which is particularly significant to the means of designing biologically active compounds in antimicrobial formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna L. Kuhn
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (B.L.K.); (N.Z.)
| | - Taís F. A. Kaminski
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90470-440, Brazil; (T.F.A.K.); (Â.R.C.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Ânderson R. Carvalho
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90470-440, Brazil; (T.F.A.K.); (Â.R.C.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Alexandre M. Fuentefria
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90470-440, Brazil; (T.F.A.K.); (Â.R.C.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Bianca M. B. C. Johann
- Postgraduate Program in Agricultural Microbiology and the Environment, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde-Campus Centro, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil; (B.M.B.C.J.); (G.P.S.)
| | - Edilma E. da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Instituto de Química-Campus Vale, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil;
| | - Gustavo P. Silveira
- Postgraduate Program in Agricultural Microbiology and the Environment, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde-Campus Centro, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil; (B.M.B.C.J.); (G.P.S.)
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Instituto de Química-Campus Vale, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre 91501-970, Brazil;
| | - Tássia L. da Silveira
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (T.L.d.S.); (F.A.A.S.)
| | - Félix A. A. Soares
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (T.L.d.S.); (F.A.A.S.)
| | - Nilo Zanatta
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (B.L.K.); (N.Z.)
| | - Clarissa P. Frizzo
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (B.L.K.); (N.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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Isa Ziembowicz F, de Freitas DV, Bender CR, dos Santos Salbego PR, Piccinin Frizzo C, Pinto Martins MA, Reichert JM, Santos Garcia IT, Kloster CL, Villetti MA. Effect of mono- and dicationic ionic liquids on the viscosity and thermogelation of methylcellulose in the semi-diluted regime. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 214:174-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.02.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Egorova KS, Ananikov VP. Fundamental importance of ionic interactions in the liquid phase: A review of recent studies of ionic liquids in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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