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Low JY, Khe CS, Usman F, Hassan YM, Lai CW, You KY, Lim JW, Khoo KS. Review on demulsification techniques for oil/water emulsion: Comparison of recyclable and irretrievable approaches. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117840. [PMID: 38081342 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Since the establishment of the first global refinery in 1856, crude oil has remained one of the most lucrative natural resources worldwide. However, during the extraction process from reservoirs, crude oil gets contaminated with sediments, water, and other impurities. The presence of pressure, shear forces, and surface-active compounds in crude oil leads to the formation of unwanted oil/water emulsions. These emulsions can take the form of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions, where water droplets disperse continuously in crude oil, or oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, where crude oil droplets are suspended in water. To prevent the spread of water and inorganic salts, these emulsions need to be treated and eliminated. In existing literature, different demulsification procedures have shown varying outcomes in effectively treating oil/water emulsions. The observed discrepancies have been attributed to various factors such as temperature, salinity, pH, droplet size, and emulsifier concentrations. It is crucial to identify the most effective demulsification approach for oil/water separation while adhering to environmental regulations and minimizing costs for the petroleum sector. Therefore, this study aims to explore and review recent advancements in two popular demulsification techniques: chemical demulsification and magnetic nanoparticles-based (MNP) demulsification. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique are assessed, with the magnetic approach emerging as the most promising due to its desirable efficiency and compliance with environmental and economic concerns. The findings of this report are expected to have a significant impact on the overall process of separating oil and water, benefiting the oil and gas industry, as well as other relevant sectors in achieving the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Yee Low
- Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Cheng Seong Khe
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - Fahad Usman
- Centre for Advanced Industrial Technology, University of Malaysia Pahang, Pekan Campus, 26600, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia; Department of Physics, Al-Qalam University Katsina, PMB 2137, Katsina, Katsina, Nigeria
| | - Yarima Mudassir Hassan
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Chin Wei Lai
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute of Advanced Studies (IAS), Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok Yeow You
- School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Jun Wei Lim
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia; Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Ni T, You Y, Xie Z, Kong L, Newman B, Henderson L, Zhao S. Waste-derived carbon fiber membrane with hierarchical structures for enhanced oil-in-water emulsion separation: Performance and mechanisms. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Hussain S, Peng X. Ultra-fast photothermal-responsive Fe-TCPP-based thin-film nanocomposite membranes for ON/OFF switchable nanofiltration. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Hussain S, Wan X, Fang Z, Peng X. Superhydrophilic and Photothermal Fe-TCPP Nanofibrous Membrane for Efficient Oil-in-Water Nanoemulsion Separation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:12981-12989. [PMID: 34711051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Separation and purification of surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water nanoemulsions is a great environmental challenge. Membrane-based separation strategies are more effective over conventional methods in the treatment of nanoemulsion waste water. In this paper, we construct a superhydrophilic membrane by coating a thin photothermal-responsive iron tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (Fe-TCPP) nanofibrous metal organic framework (MOF) selective layer on a macroporous polyethersulfone membrane. The as-prepared membrane exhibits high separation performance of oil-in-water nanoemulsions with permeance of 46.4 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1 and separation efficiency of 99%. It also demonstrates nice anti-oil/ionic-fouling property, good recyclability, and desirable stability. The high separation performance is accredited to the superhydrophilicity, highly charged surface, and nanometer pore sizes of the Fe-TCPP nanofibrous membrane. Due to the unique photothermal property of Fe-TCPP nanofibers, the permeance can be enhanced more than 50% by visible light without deteriorating the rejection. This photo-stimuli MOF-based thin-layer membrane offers great potential for the generation of point-of-use water treatment devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabab Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, ERC of Membrane and Water Treatment, MOE, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, ERC of Membrane and Water Treatment, MOE, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, ERC of Membrane and Water Treatment, MOE, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, ERC of Membrane and Water Treatment, MOE, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Optoelectronic and Nanomaterials, Institute of Wenzhou, Zhejiang University, Wenzhou 325006, P. R. China
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Yin X, He Y, Li H, Ma X, Zhou L, He T, Li S. One-step in-situ fabrication of carbon nanotube/stainless steel mesh membrane with excellent anti-fouling properties for effective gravity-driven filtration of oil-in-water emulsions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 592:87-94. [PMID: 33647565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of membrane fouling has resulted in limited wastewater treatment applications. The development of superhydrophilic-underwater superoleophobic materials has received significant attention owing to their good anti-fouling properties. However, to fabricate such materials need costly regents and tedious steps. Thus, developing a one-step process to prepare a low-cost material for oil/water separation is still desired. In this study, bio-inspired from an arachnid, inorganic carbon nanotube stainless steel meshes (CNT@SSMs) having superhydrophilic-underwater superoleophobic and excellent anti-fouling properties and a unique fiber structure were fabricated via a one-step thermal chemical vapor deposition method. The CNT@SSMs had a small pore size enabling a high water flux of 10,639 L m-2h-1 and the separation of oily wastewater, including various emulsions, at a high rejection ratio of >98.89%. As a result of its excellent chemical stability under high temperatures, a broad pH range, and saline environments, the CNT@SSM has the potential to be used in extreme conditions. In summary, these CNT@SSMs are easy to fabricate and are low-cost as a result of inexpensive reagents involved. Moreover, these novel superwetting membranes are promising candidates for treatment of hazardous oily wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China.
| | - Hongjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Teng He
- State Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Shuangshuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
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Liu Y, Yang B, Xu J, Zhao H, He Y. Oil-water separation performance of aligned single walled carbon nanotubes membrane: A reactive molecular dynamics simulation study. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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Elnabawy E, Elsherbiny IMA, Abdelsamad AMA, Anis B, Hassan A, Ulbricht M, Khalil ASG. Tailored CNTs Buckypaper Membranes for the Removal of Humic Acid and Separation of Oil-in-Water Emulsions. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10050097. [PMID: 32408564 PMCID: PMC7281685 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10050097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a robust material and proven as a promising candidate for a wide range of electronic, optoelectronic and environmental applications. In this work, two different methods were utilized for the preparation of CNTs exhibiting different aspect ratios via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The as-prepared CNTs were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2adsorption isotherms, thermogravimetric analysis and Raman spectroscopy in order to investigate their morphological and structural properties. Free-standing CNTs "buckypaper" membranes were fabricated, characterized and tailored to meet the requirements of two applications, i.e., (1) the removal of humic acid (HA) from water and (2) separation of oil-in-water emulsions. It was revealed that the hydrophobic buckypapers showed high separation performance for Shell oil-in-water emulsions filtration, with up to 98% through the accumulation of oil droplets onto the membrane surface. The absorption capacity of buckypaper membranes for various organic liquids (oil, chloroform and toluene) was evaluated over 10 absorption cycles to investigate their recyclability and robustness. Moreover, surface modification was introduced to the pristine CNTs to increase their surface hydrophilicity and improve the pure water permeability of buckypapers. These modified buckypapers showed high flux for HA solutions and excellent HA rejection efficiency up to 95%via size exclusion and electrostatic repulsion mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Elnabawy
- Physics Department and Center for Environmental and Smart Technology, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt; (E.E.); (A.H.)
| | - Ibrahim M. A. Elsherbiny
- Lehrstuhlfür Technische Chemie II, and Center for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany; (I.M.A.E.); (A.M.A.A.); (M.U.)
| | - Ahmed M. A. Abdelsamad
- Lehrstuhlfür Technische Chemie II, and Center for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany; (I.M.A.E.); (A.M.A.A.); (M.U.)
- Water Pollution Dept, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Badawi Anis
- Spectroscopy Dept, Physics Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Abdelwahab Hassan
- Physics Department and Center for Environmental and Smart Technology, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt; (E.E.); (A.H.)
| | - Mathias Ulbricht
- Lehrstuhlfür Technische Chemie II, and Center for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany; (I.M.A.E.); (A.M.A.A.); (M.U.)
| | - Ahmed S. G. Khalil
- Physics Department and Center for Environmental and Smart Technology, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt; (E.E.); (A.H.)
- Materials Science & Engineering Department, School of Innovative Design Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), 179 New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
The current study pertains to the self-cleaning nanoscale coating of graphene/polymer nanohybrid system for the separation of oil–water mixture. Using a single nanohybrid system, we have developed a two-stage process for the selective removal of the hydrocarbons. Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and separation efficiency are determined by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Analysis of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the two stage samples is carried out by using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The analysis shows the reduction in TPHs from 290 ppm to less than 1 ppm and more than 99.5% separation efficiency (oil removal from oil–water mixture) is achieved. No polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were detected in the treated water.
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Zhao X, Cheng L, Wang R, Jia N, Liu L, Gao C. Bioinspired synthesis of polyzwitterion/titania functionalized carbon nanotube membrane with superwetting property for efficient oil-in-water emulsion separation. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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10
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Du B, Chen F, Luo R, Li H, Zhou S, Liu S, Hu J. Superhydrophobic Surfaces with pH-Induced Switchable Wettability for Oil-Water Separation. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:16508-16516. [PMID: 31616829 PMCID: PMC6788050 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The oily wastewater generated in the industrial field is adversely affecting the environment, while the current methods for oil-water separation are complex and costly. Therefore, it is significant to use low cost and environmentally friendly materials to prepare a smart responsive superhydrophobic coating for the effective separation of oil-water mixtures. In this paper, a fluorine-free copolymer with pH responsiveness was fabricated by a solution impregnation method, and it was compounded by silica nanoparticles/polydimethylsiloxane to prepare a superhydrophobic coating on the paper and cotton fabric. The prepared superhydrophobic coating remained in the superhydrophobic state after the alkali treatment, while it would be converted into the hydrophilic state after the acid treatment. Therefore, the pH-responsive superhydrophobic coating will be applied in controlled selective oil-water separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Du
- Faculty
of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology and Shaanxi Provincial
Key Laboratory of Printing and Packaging Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Faculty
of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology and Shaanxi Provincial
Key Laboratory of Printing and Packaging Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, P. R. China
| | - Rubai Luo
- Faculty
of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology and Shaanxi Provincial
Key Laboratory of Printing and Packaging Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, P. R. China
| | - Huailin Li
- Faculty
of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology and Shaanxi Provincial
Key Laboratory of Printing and Packaging Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, P. R. China
| | - Shisheng Zhou
- Faculty
of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology and Shaanxi Provincial
Key Laboratory of Printing and Packaging Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, P. R. China
| | - Shiyi Liu
- Faculty
of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology and Shaanxi Provincial
Key Laboratory of Printing and Packaging Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, P. R. China
| | - Jie Hu
- Faculty
of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology and Shaanxi Provincial
Key Laboratory of Printing and Packaging Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, P. R. China
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Xu S, Sheng R, Cao Y, Yan J. Reversibly switching water droplets wettability on hierarchical structured Cu 2S mesh for efficient oil/water separation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12486. [PMID: 31462670 PMCID: PMC6713748 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48952-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Surfaces with reversible wettability have broad applications but remain challenging since the switching process is usually energy intensive and complex. In this paper, a pyramid shaped Cu2S film with hierarchical micro/nanostructures is formed on a commercial copper mesh. This film is formed by a spontaneous redox sulfuration reaction and results in a roughened surface, which enables reversible wetting transition between superhydrophilicity to superhydrophobicity. This switching occurs by simple processes such as alternately storing in air or using an ethanol solution treatment and yields cyclic wettability switching for many cycles. This convenient wetting transition behavior, as well as strong stability and efficient oil/water separation with efficiency exceeding 98%, renders it as a potentially useful mesh material for switchable surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanya Xu
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Rui Sheng
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Yali Cao
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Junfeng Yan
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China.
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