1
|
Moogi S, Jang SH, Rhee GH, Ko CH, Choi YJ, Lee SH, Show PL, Andrew Lin KY, Park YK. Hydrogen-rich gas production via steam gasification of food waste over basic oxides (MgO/CaO/SrO) promoted-Ni/Al 2O 3 catalysts. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132224. [PMID: 34826918 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Food waste, a renewable resource, was converted to H2-rich gas via a catalytic steam gasification process. The effects of basic oxides (MgO, CaO, and SrO) with 10 wt% Ni/Al2O3 on the gasification properties of food waste were investigated using a U-shaped gasifier. All catalysts prepared by the precipitation method were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, H2-temperature-programmed reduction, NH3-temperature-programmed desorption, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The Ni/Al2O3 catalyst was reduced incompletely, and low nickel concentrations were detected on the surface of the alumina. The basic oxides minimized the number of acid sites and suppressed the formation of nickel-aluminate (NiAlxOy) phase in catalyst. In addition, the basic oxides shifted nickel-aluminate reduction reaction to lower temperatures. It resulted in enhancing nickel concentration on the catalyst surface and increasing gas yield and hydrogen selectivity. The low gas yield of the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst was attributed to the low nickel concentration on the surface. The maximum gas yield (66.0 wt%) and hydrogen selectivity (63.8 vol%) of the 10 wt% SrO- 10 wt% Ni/Al2O3 catalyst correlated with the highly dispersed nickel on the surface and low acidity. Furthermore, coke deposition during steam gasification varied with the surface acidity of the catalysts and less coke was formed on 10 wt% SrO- 10 wt% Ni/Al2O3 due to efficient tar cracking. This study showed that the steam gasification efficiency of the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst could be improved significantly by the addition of SrO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surendar Moogi
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 02504, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Jang
- Department of Bio-Environmental Energy, Pusan National Univ., 50463, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Gwang Hoon Rhee
- Department of Mechanical and Information Engineering, University of Seoul, 02504, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Ko
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jun Choi
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 02504, Seoul, South Korea
| | - See Hoon Lee
- Department of Mineral Resource and Energy Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 54896, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 02504, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Synthesis of Mesoporous Cu-Ni/Al2O4 Catalyst for Hydrogen Production via Hydrothermal Reconstruction Route. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous Cu-Ni/Al2O4 catalyst of high surface area (176 m2g−1) is synthesized through a simple hydrothermal reconstruction process by using low-cost activated alumina as the aluminate source without organic templates. The desired mesoporous structure of the catalyst is formed by the addition of Cu2+ and Ni2+ metal ions in the gel solution of the activated alumina followed by hydrothermal treatment at 70 °C and calcination at temperatures in the range of 600 to 800 °C. To consider the environmental concern, we found the concentration of the Cu2+ and Ni2+ ion in the residual filtrate is less than 0.1 ppm which satisfies the effluent standard in Taiwan (<1.0 ppm). The effects of the pH value, hydrothermal treatment time, and calcination temperature on the structure, morphology and surface area of the synthesized Cu-Ni/Al2O4 composites are investigated as well. In addition, the Cu-Ni/Al2O4 catalyst synthesized at pH 9.0 with a hydrothermal treatment time of 24 h and a calcination temperature of 600 °C is used for hydrogen production via the partial oxidation of methanol. The conversion efficiency is found to be >99% at a reaction temperature of around 315 °C, while the H2 yield is 1.99 mol H2/mol MeOH. The catalyst retains its original structure and surface area following the reaction process, and is thus inferred to have a good stability. Overall, the hydrothermal reconstruction route described herein is facile and easily extendable to the preparation of other mesoporous metal-alumina materials for catalyst applications.
Collapse
|
3
|
A Review on Catalysts Development for Steam Reforming of Biodiesel Derived Glycerol; Promoters and Supports. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10080910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, environmental crises and increasing energy demand have motivated researchers to investigate the practical techniques for the production of clean fuels through renewable energy resources. It is essential to develop technologies to utilize glycerol as a byproduct derived from biodiesel. Glycerol is known as a sustainable and clean source of energy, which can be an alternative resource for the production of value-added chemicals and hydrogen. The hydrogen production via steam reforming (SR) of glycerol using Ni-based catalysts is one of the promising approaches for the entry of the hydrogen economy. The purpose of this review paper is to highlight the recent trends in hydrogen production over Ni-based catalysts using the SR of glycerol. The intrinsic ability of Ni to disperse easily over variable supports makes it a more viable active phase for the SR catalysts. The optimal reaction conditions have been indicated as 650–900 °C, 1 bar, and 15 wt% Ni in catalysts for high glycerol conversion. In this review paper, the effects of various supports, different promoters (K, Ca, Sr, Ce, La, Cr, Fe), and process conditions on the catalytic performance have been summarized and discussed to provide a better comparison for the future works. It was found that Ce, Mg, and La have a significant effect on catalytic performance as promoters. Moreover, SR of glycerol over hydrotalcite and perovskite-based catalysts have been reviewed as they suggest high catalytic performance in SR of glycerol with improved thermal stability and coke resistance. More specifically, the Ni/LaNi0.9Cu0.1O3 synthesized using perovskite-type supports has shown high glycerol conversion and sufficient hydrogen selectivity at low temperatures. On the other hand, hydrotalcite-like catalysts have shown higher catalytic stability due to high thermal stability and low coke formation. It is vital to notice that the primary concern is developing a high-performance catalyst to utilize crude glycerol efficiently.
Collapse
|