1
|
Bellingeri A, Palmaccio GM, Cecone C, Trotta F, Corsi I. Preliminary assessment of environmental safety (ecosafety) of dextrin-based nanosponges for environmental applications. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 273:116120. [PMID: 38401200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The ability to employ waste products, such as vegetable scraps, as raw materials for the synthesis of new promising adsorbing materials is at the base of the circular economy and end of waste concepts. Dextrin-based nanosponges (D_NS), both cyclodextrin (CD) and maltodextrin (MD), have shown remarkable adsorption abilities in the removal of toxic compounds from water and wastewater, thus representing a bio-based low-cost solution which is establishing itself in the market. Nevertheless, their environmental safety for either aquatic or terrestrial organisms has been overlooked, raising concern in terms of potential hazards to natural ecosystems. Here, the environmental safety (ecosafety) of six newly synthesized batches of D_NS was determined along with their full characterization by means of dynamic light scattering (DLS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR) and transmission electron microscopy (SEM). Ecotoxicity evaluation was performed using a battery of model organisms and ecotoxicity assays, such as the microalgae growth inhibition test using the freshwater Raphidocelis subcapitata and the marine diatom Dunaliella tertiolecta, regeneration assay using the freshwater cnidarian Hydra vulgaris and immobilization assay with the marine brine shrimp Artemia franciscana. Impact on seedling germination of a terrestrial plant of commercial interest, Cucurbita pepo was also investigated. Ecotoxicity data showed mild to low toxicity of the six batches, up to 1 mg/mL, in the following order: R. subcapitata > H. vulgaris > D. tertiolecta > A. franciscana > C. pepo. The only exception was represented by one batch (NS-Q+_BDE_(GLU2) which resulted highly toxic for both freshwater species, R. subcapitata and H. vulgaris. Those criticalities were solved with the synthesis of a fresh new batch and were hence attributed to the single synthesis and not to the specific D_NS formulation. No effect on germination of pumpkin but rather more a stimulative effect was observed. To our knowledge this is the first evaluation of the environmental safety of D_ NS. As such we emphasize that current formulations and exposure levels in the range of mg/mL do not harm aquatic and terrestrial species thus representing an ecosafe solution also for environmental applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Bellingeri
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena 53100, Italy.
| | - Gian Marco Palmaccio
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Claudio Cecone
- Department of Chemistry, Nis Interdepartmental Centre, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Francesco Trotta
- Department of Chemistry, Nis Interdepartmental Centre, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Ilaria Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena 53100, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yamamoto K, Tanikawa T, Tomita J, Ishida Y, Nakata D, Terao K, Inoue Y. Characterization, Preparation, and Promotion of Plant Growth of 1,3-Diphenylurea/β-Cyclodextrin Derivatives Inclusion Complexes. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:34972-34981. [PMID: 37779935 PMCID: PMC10536069 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to prepare inclusion complexes of 1,3-diphenylurea (DPU) with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-βCD) using a three-dimensional ground mixture (3DGM). Their physicochemical properties, intermolecular interactions, solubilities, and plant growth-promoting activities were investigated on broccoli sprouts. Phase-solubility diagrams indicated the stability constant (Ks) and complexation efficiency (CE) of βCD/DPU were found to be K1/1 = 250 M-1, CE = 2.48× 10-3. The Ks and CEs of HP-βCD/DPU were found to be K1/1 = 427 M-1, CE = 3.93 × 10-3 and K2/1 = 196 M-1, CE = 1.93 × 10-3 respectively. The powder X-ray diffraction results of 3DGM (βCD/DPU = 2/1, HP-βCD/DPU = 2/1) showed that the diffraction peaks originating from the DPU and βCD disappeared, indicating a halo pattern. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed an endothermic peak at 244 °C derived from the melting point of DPU, but the endothermic peak disappeared in the 3DGM (βCD/DPU = 2/1, HP-βCD/DPU = 2/1). Near-infrared absorption spectra showed peak shifts in 3DGM (βCD/DPU and HP-βCD/DPU) at the -CH and -NH groups of DPU and the -OH groups of βCDs and free water. In the dissolution test (after 5 min), the concentration of intact DPU was 0.083 μg/mL. However, the dissolution concentrations of DPU in the 3DGM (βCD/DPU = 1/1), 3DGM (βCD/DPU = 2/1), 3DGM (HP-βCD/DPU = 1/1), and 3DGM (HP-βCD/DPU = 2/1) were 3.27, 3.64, 5.70, and 7.03 μg/mL, respectively, indicating higher solubility than that of the intact DPU. Further, 1H-1H NOESY NMR spectroscopic measurements showed cross-peaks between H-A (7.32 ppm) and H-B (7.12 ppm) of DPU and H-6 (3.79 ppm) in the βCD cavity of the 3DGM (βCD/DPU = 2/1). A cross-peak was also observed among DPU H-A (7.32 ppm), H-B (7.11 ppm), and H-6 (3.78 ppm) in the βCD cavity. The results of the broccoli sprout cultivation experiment showed that 3DGM (βCD/DPU = 1/1), 3DGM (βCD/DPU = 2/1), 3DGM (HP-βCD/DPU = 1/1), and 3DGM (HP-βCD/DPU = 2/1) increased the stem thickness compared with that of the control group (DPU). These results indicated that the βCD/DPU and HP-βCD/DPU inclusion complexes were formed by the three-dimensional mixing and milling method, which enhanced the solubility and plant growth-promoting effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koki Yamamoto
- Laboratory
of Nutri-Pharmacotherapeutics Management, Faculty of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama3500295, Japan
| | - Takashi Tanikawa
- Laboratory
of Nutri-Pharmacotherapeutics Management, Faculty of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama3500295, Japan
| | - Junki Tomita
- Instrument
Analysis Center, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama3500295, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ishida
- CycloChem
Bio Co., Ltd., 7-4-5
minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 6500047, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakata
- CycloChem
Bio Co., Ltd., 7-4-5
minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 6500047, Japan
| | - Keiji Terao
- CycloChem
Bio Co., Ltd., 7-4-5
minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 6500047, Japan
| | - Yutaka Inoue
- Laboratory
of Nutri-Pharmacotherapeutics Management, Faculty of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama3500295, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alginate/Chitosan-Based Hydrogel Film Containing α-Mangostin for Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis Therapy in Rats. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081709. [PMID: 36015335 PMCID: PMC9414115 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a prevalent clinical disorder that causes mouth ulcers. Furthermore, corticosteroid treatment has been widely utilized for RAS therapy; however, it has side effects on the oral mucosa that limit its application. This study aimed to develop a novel RAS therapy with the natural ingredient α-mangostin, delivered by alginate and chitosan polymers-based hydrogel film (α-M Alg/Chi-HF). To prepare α-M Alg/Chi-HF, the solvent evaporation and casting methods were used, then characterized by using SEM, FTIR, and XRD. Based on the characterization studies, the α-M in α-M/EtOH Alg/Chi-HF with ethanol (EtOH) was found to be more homogenous compared to α-M in Alg/Chi-HF with distilled water (H2O) as a casting solvent. The in vitro viability study using NIH3T3 cells showed 100% viability of α-M Alg/Chi-HF (EtOH) and Alg/Chi-HF after 24 h incubation, indicating well tolerability of these hydrogel films. Interestingly, the in vivo studies using male white rats (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout) proved that α-M/EtOH Alg/Chi-HF with a recovery of 81.47 ± 0.09% in seven days significantly more effective RAS therapy compared to control. These results suggest that α-M/EtOH Alg/Chi-HF has the potential as an alternative for RAS therapy.
Collapse
|
4
|
Hoque MJ, Toda M, Mase N. Comparative study of inclusion complex formation between β-cyclodextrin (host) and aromatic diamines (guests) by mixing in hot water, co-precipitation, and solid-state grinding methods. J Carbohydr Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2022.2068026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Jabedul Hoque
- Department of Optoelectronics and Nanostructure Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Toda
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Mase
- Department of Optoelectronics and Nanostructure Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Molecular simulation and experimental study on the inclusion of rutin with β-cyclodextrin and its derivative. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
6
|
Maw PD, Jansook P. Cyclodextrin-based Pickering nanoemulsions containing amphotericin B: Part I. evaluation of oil/cyclodextrin and amphotericin B/cyclodextrin inclusion complexes. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
7
|
Suharyani I, Muchtaridi M, Mohammed AFA, Elamin KM, Wathoni N, Abdassah M. α-Mangostin/γ-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex: Formation and Thermodynamic Study. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13172890. [PMID: 34502930 PMCID: PMC8434270 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Mangostin (α-M) has various biological activities, such as anti-cancer, antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-tyrosin, anti-tuberculosis, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. However, it has very low solubility in water. The formulation of this compound requires high amounts of solubilizers, which limits its clinical application. In addition, its low solubility in water is a barrier to the distribution of this drug, thus affecting its potency. Cyclodextrin (CD) is widely used as a solubility enhancer of poorly soluble drugs. This study aimed to increase the solubility of α-M in water through complex formation with CD. The complex of α-Mangostin and γ-Cyclodextrin (α-M/γ-CD CX) was prepared by the solubilization method, resulting in a solubility improvement of α-M in water. Characterization of α-M/γ-CD CX by using FTIR-Spectrometry, XRD, H-, C-, and HMBC-NMR showed that α-M was able to form an inclusion complex with γ-CD. The complex yielded an entrapment efficiency of 84.25 and the thermodynamic study showed that the α-M/γ-CD CX was formed spontaneously, based on the negative values of Gibbs energy and ΔH. Interestingly, the solubility of α-M/γ-CD CX significantly increased by 31.74-fold compared with α-M. These results suggest that α-M/γ-CD CX has the potential in the formulation of water-based preparation for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ine Suharyani
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
- School of Pharmacy Muhammadiyah Cirebon, Cirebon 45153, Indonesia
| | - Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
| | | | - Khaled M. Elamin
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan;
| | - Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
- Correspondence: (N.W.); (M.A.); Tel.: +62-22-842-888-888 (N.W.)
| | - Marline Abdassah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
- Correspondence: (N.W.); (M.A.); Tel.: +62-22-842-888-888 (N.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhu D, Ping L, Shen X, Hong Y, Weng Q, He Q, Wang J, Wang J. Effects of prepubertal exposure to forchlorfenuron through prenatal and postnatal gavage administration in developing Sprague-Dawley rats. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 98:157-164. [PMID: 32998050 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Forchlorfenuron (CPPU), a plant growth regulator, is widely used in agriculture. However, its long-term exposure effects on humans, especially neonates, remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the developmental toxicity of prenatal and postnatal gavage administration of CPPU in rats. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 300 mg/kg/day CPPU by gavage from day 6 of gestation to the cessation of nursing. During weaning, rat offspring were administered 0, 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg/day CPPU for 4 weeks, followed by a 4-week CPPU-free recovery period. There were no significant differences in clinical symptoms, body weight, development indicators, serum biochemical parameters, sex hormone levels, sperm motility, relative organ weights, and histopathological changes among the 0-100 mg/kg/day CPPU groups. In the 300 mg/kg/day CPPU group, female rats exhibited decreased body weight, earlier time of vaginal opening (VO) and first estrus time (FE), elevated estradiol and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, and upregulation of estrogen receptor 1 gene expression, whereas male rats only exhibited increases in serum BUN, creatinine, and glucose levels. Most changes were reversed after the recovery period. Furthermore, the endometrial epithelial height was significantly increased in female rats despite the absence of significant changes in uterine wall thickness and endometrial glands. Thus, CPPU may promote estradiol secretion, resulting in altered VO and FE and adverse effects in prepubertal female rats. These findings may be applied for risk assessment following CPPU exposure in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Difeng Zhu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li Ping
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaofei Shen
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yawen Hong
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qinjie Weng
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tian B, Hua S, Liu J. Cyclodextrin-based delivery systems for chemotherapeutic anticancer drugs: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 232:115805. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
10
|
Hu J, Zhou G, Tian Y, Zhao X. Selectfluor-promoted regioselective chlorination/bromination of 2-aminopyridines and 2-aminodiazines using LiCl/LiBr. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:6342-6345. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00972h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using LiCl/LiBr, Selectfluor-promoted chlorination/bromination of 2-aminopyridines and 2-aminodiazines is established, producing the corresponding products with high regioselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Hu
- School of Chemical Technology and Engineering
- Tongji University
- 200092 Shanghai
- P.R. China
| | - Gang Zhou
- School of Chemical Technology and Engineering
- Tongji University
- 200092 Shanghai
- P.R. China
| | - Yawei Tian
- School of Chemical Technology and Engineering
- Tongji University
- 200092 Shanghai
- P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Zhao
- School of Chemical Technology and Engineering
- Tongji University
- 200092 Shanghai
- P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|