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Rosa NMP, Borges I. Photophysical properties of donor (D)-acceptor (A)-donor (D) diketopyrrolopyrrole (A) systems as donors for applications to organic electronic devices. J Comput Chem 2024. [PMID: 39212065 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Fourteen substituted diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) molecules in a donor (D)-acceptor (DPP)-donor (D) arrangement were designed. We employed density functional theory, time-dependent DFT, DFT-MRCI and the ab initio wave function second-order algebraic diagrammatic construction (ADC(2)) methods to investigate theoretically these systems. The examined aromatic substituents have one, two, or three hetero- and non-hetero rings. We comprehensively investigated their optical, electronic, and charge transport properties to evaluate potential applications in organic electronic devices. We found that the donor substituents based on one, two, or three aromatic rings bonded to the DPP core can improve the efficiency of an organic solar cell by fine-tuning the highest occupied molecular orbital/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital levels to match acceptors in typical bulk heterojunctions acceptors. Several properties of interest for organic photovoltaic devices were computed. We show that the investigated molecules are promising for applications as donor materials when combined with typical acceptors in bulk heterojunctions because they have appreciable energy conversion efficiencies resulting from their low ionization potentials and high electron affinities. This scenario allows a more effective charge separation and reduces the recombination rates. A comprehensive charge transfer analysis shows that D-A (DDP)-D systems have significant intramolecular charge transfer, further confirming their promise as candidates for donor materials in solar cells. The significant photophysical properties of DPP derivatives, including the high fluorescence emission, also allow these materials to be used in organic light-emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália M P Rosa
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Militar de Engenharia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Itamar Borges
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Militar de Engenharia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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2
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Zaier R, Martel A, Antosiewicz TJ. Effect of Benzothiadiazole-Based π-Spacers on Fine-Tuning of Optoelectronic Properties of Oligothiophene-Core Donor Materials for Efficient Organic Solar Cells: A DFT Study. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:10555-10569. [PMID: 38086177 PMCID: PMC10749456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
In this work, five novel A-π-D-π-A type molecules D1-D5 were designed by adding unusual benzothiadiazole derivatives as π-spacer blocks to the efficient reference molecule DRCN5T for application as donor materials in organic solar cells (OSCs). Based on a density functional theory approach, a comprehensive theoretical study was performed with different functionals (B3LYP, B3LYP-GD3, B3LYP-GD3BJ, CAM-B3LYP, M06, M062X, and wB97XD) and with different solvent types (PCM and SMD) at the extended basis set 6-311+g(d,p) to evaluate the structural, optoelectronic, and intramolecular charge transfer properties of these molecules. The B3LYP-GD3BJ hybrid functional was used to optimize the studied molecules in CHCl3 solution with the SMD model solvent as it provided the best results compared to experimental data. Transition density matrix maps were simulated to examine the hole-electron localization and the electronic excitation processes in the excited state, and photovoltaic parameters including open-circuit photovoltage and fill factor were investigated to predict the efficiency of these materials. All the designed materials showed promising optoelectronic and photovoltaic characteristics, and for most of them, a red shift. Out of the proposed molecules, [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-d]pyridazine was selected as a promising π-spacer block to evaluate its interaction with PC61BM in a composite to understand the charge transfer between the donor and acceptor subparts. Overall, this study showed that adding π-spacer building blocks to the molecular structure is undoubtedly a potential strategy to further enhance the performance of donor materials for OSC applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Zaier
- Faculty
of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arnaud Martel
- Institut
des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans, UMR 6283 CNRS-Université du Maine, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Cedex Le Mans, France
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3
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Yuan L, Su Y, Yu B, Shen Y, Cong H. D-A-D organic small molecules with AIE effect for fluorescence imaging guided photothermal therapy. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:985-997. [PMID: 36541206 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01912d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Near infrared (NIR) fluorescent organic molecules as fluorescent probes accurately guide photothermal therapy as a potential antitumor method. However, the aggregation and quenching of organic fluorescent molecules and poor tissue permeability greatly limit their therapeutic effect and clinical transformation. In this paper, with a D-A-D structure as the molecular skeleton, cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) as the donor (D), diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) as the acceptor (A), and long-chain isooctane as the shielding unit, organic fluorescent small molecules with a strong absorption band and bright NIR-II emission were synthesized. Then, tetraphenylethylene (TPE) molecules with typical AIE structure characteristics were introduced on both sides of the organic fluorescent small molecules, and an organic small molecular fluorophore (TDA) with AIE characteristics and the photothermal effect was designed. Through a series of experimental characterization techniques, it is proved that TDA NPs have good biocompatibility and tissue permeability, and can accurately locate the tumor location through NIR-II fluorescence imaging to achieve local photothermal treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yuan
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Yingbin Su
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China. .,Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Bionanoengineering, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
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4
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Yadagiri B, Narayanaswamy K, Sharma GD, Singh SP. Efficient Medium Bandgap Electron Acceptor Based on Diketopyrrolopyrrole and Furan for Efficient Ternary Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:18751-18763. [PMID: 35412303 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the design of novel medium bandgap nonfullerene small molecule acceptor NFSMA SPS-TDPP-2CNRh with A2-π-A1-π-A2 architecture, with the molecular engineering of this material comprising a strong electron-accepting backbone unit DPP (A1) as the acceptor, which is attached to the dicyanomethylene-3-hexylrhodanine (A2) acceptor via a furan (π-spacer) linker. We systematically studied its structural and optoelectronic properties. The incorporation of dicyanomethylene-3-hexylrhodanine and furan enhance the light absorption and electrochemical properties by extending π-conjugation and is anticipated to improve VOC by decreasing the LUMO level. The long alkyl chain units were responsible for the better solubility and aggregation of the resultant molecule. Binary BHJ-OSCs constructed with polymer P as the donor and SPS-TDPP-2CNRh as the acceptor resulted in a PCE of 11.49% with improved VOC = 0.98 V, JSC = 18.32 mA/cm2, and FF = 0.64 for P:SPS-TDPP-2CNRh organic solar cells. A ternary solar cell device was also made using Y18-DMO and SPS-TDPP-2CNRh as acceptors having complementary absorption profiles and polymer P as the donor, resulting in a PCE of 15.50% with improved JSC = 23.08 mA/cm2, FF = 0.73, and VOC = 0.92 V for the P:SPS-TDPP-2CNRh:Y18-DMO solar cell. The ternary OSCs with SPS-TDPP-2CNRh as the host acceptor in the P:Y18-DMO binary film were shown to have improved PCE values, which is mainly attributed to the effective photoinduced charge transfer through multiple networks and the use of excitons from SPS-TDPP-2CNRh and Y18-DMO. Moreover, in the ternary BHJ active layers, the superior stable charge transport that was observed compared to the binary counterparts may also lead to an increase in the fill factor. These results demonstrate that combining medium bandgap and narrow bandgap NFSMAs with a wide bandgap polymer donor is a successful route to increasing the overall PCE of the OSCs via the ternary BHJ concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bommaramoni Yadagiri
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Kamatham Narayanaswamy
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Ganesh D Sharma
- Department of Physics, The LNM Institute of Information Technology (Deemed University), Jamdoli, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302031, India
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, The LNM Institute of Information Technology (Deemed University), Jamdoli, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302031, India
| | - Surya Prakash Singh
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
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Mersal GAM, Toghan A, Yahia IS, El‐Sheshtawy HS. Pyrrole/thiophene π‐bridged two triphenylamine electron donor and substituted thiobarbituric electron acceptor for
D‐π‐A‐D‐
featured
DSSC
applications. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202100154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaber A. M. Mersal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Taif University Taif Saudi Arabia
| | - Arafat Toghan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science South Valley University Qena Egypt
- Chemistry Department, College of Science Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim S. Yahia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS) King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia
- Advanced Functional Materials & Optoelectronic Laboratory (AFMOL), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia
- Nanoscience Laboratory for Environmental and Bio‐Medical Applications (NLEBA), Semiconductor Lab., Physics Department, Faculty of Education Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt
| | - Hamdy S. El‐Sheshtawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Kafrelsheikh University Kafr El‐Sheikh Egypt
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6
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Charge separation and singlet fission in covalently linked diketopyrrolopyrrole derivatives and triphenylamine triad in solution. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.113017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Gangadhar PS, Reddy G, Prasanthkumar S, Giribabu L. Phenothiazine functional materials for organic optoelectronic applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:14969-14996. [PMID: 34231592 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01185e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phenothiazine (PTZ) is one of the most extensively investigated S, N heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons due to its unique optical, electronic properties, flexibility of functionalization, low cost, and commercial availability. Hence, PTZ and its derivative materials have been attractive in various optoelectronic applications in the last few years. In this prospective, we have focused on the most significant characteristics of PTZ and highlighted how the structural modifications such as different electron donors or acceptors, length of the π-conjugated system or spacers, polar or non-polar chains, and other functional groups influence the optoelectronic properties. This prospective provides a recent account of the advances in phenothiazine derivative materials as an active layer(s) for optoelectronic (viz. dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), perovskite solar cells (PSCs), organic solar cells (OSCs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic field-effect transistor (OFETs), chemosensing, nonlinear optical materials (NLOs), and supramolecular self-assembly applications. Finally, future prospects are discussed based on the structure-property relationship in PTZ-derivative materials. This overview will pave the way for researchers to design and develop new PTZ-functionalized structures and use them for various organic optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palivela Siva Gangadhar
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, TS, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Govind Reddy
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, TS, India.
| | - Seelam Prasanthkumar
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, TS, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Lingamallu Giribabu
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, TS, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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8
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Impact of A–D–A‐Structured Dithienosilole‐ and Phenoxazine‐Based Small Molecular Material for Bulk Heterojunction and Dopant‐Free Perovskite Solar Cells. Chemistry 2019; 25:16320-16327. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Lee SM, Lee HR, Dutta GK, Lee J, Oh JH, Yang C. Furan-flanked diketopyrrolopyrrole-based chalcogenophene copolymers with siloxane hybrid side chains for organic field-effect transistors. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00448c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Furan-flanked diketopyrrolopyrrole-based chalcogenophene copolymers are synthesized for the comprehensive study of the heterocyclic effect in organic field-effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Myeon Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Perovtronics Research Center
- Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
| | - Hae Rang Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Institute of Chemical Processes
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Gitish K. Dutta
- Department of Energy Engineering
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Perovtronics Research Center
- Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
| | - Junghoon Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Perovtronics Research Center
- Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
| | - Joon Hak Oh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Institute of Chemical Processes
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Changduk Yang
- Department of Energy Engineering
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Perovtronics Research Center
- Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
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