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Nayl AA, Ibrahim HM, Dawood KM, Arafa WAA, Abd-Elhamid AI, Ahmed IM, Abdelgawad MA, Ali HM, Alsohaimi IH, Aly AA, Bräse S, Mourad AK. High-Pressure Metal-Free Catalyzed One-Pot Two-Component Synthetic Approach for New 5-Arylazopyrazolo[3,4-b]Pyridine Derivatives. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196369. [PMID: 36234905 PMCID: PMC9572034 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An appropriate and efficient Q-tube-assisted ammonium acetate-mediated protocol for the assembly of the hitherto unreported 5-arylazopyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines was demonstrated. This methodology comprises the cyclocondensation reaction of 5-amino-2-phenyl-4H-pyrazol-3-one with an assortment of arylhydrazonals in an NH4OAc/AcOH buffer solution operating a Q-tube reactor. This versatile protocol exhibited several outstanding merits: easy work-up, mild conditions, scalability, broad substrate scope, safety (the Q-tube kit is simply for pressing and sealing), and a high atom economy. Consequently, performing such reactions under elevated pressures and utilizing the Q-tube reactor seemed preferable for achieving the required products in comparison to the conventional conditions. Diverse spectroscopic methods and X-ray single-crystal techniques were applied to confirm the proposed structure of the targeted compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- AbdElAziz A. Nayl
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.A.N.); (H.M.I.); (S.B.)
| | - Hamada Mohamed Ibrahim
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Faiyum, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.A.N.); (H.M.I.); (S.B.)
| | - Kamal M. Dawood
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Wael A. A. Arafa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed I. Abd-Elhamid
- Composites and Nanostructured Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg Al-Arab 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ismail M. Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazim M. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Hotan Alsohaimi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf A. Aly
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Organic Division, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Menia, Egypt
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems—Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Director Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.A.N.); (H.M.I.); (S.B.)
| | - Asmaa Kamal Mourad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Faiyum, Egypt
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2
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Jannapu Reddy R, Sharadha N, Haritha Kumari A. Base-mediated [3 + 2]-cycloannulation strategy for the synthesis of pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyridine derivatives using ( E)-β-iodovinyl sulfones. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4331-4337. [PMID: 35451451 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00499b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines continue to occupy a special place in medicinal chemistry, but the direct construction of 3-sulfonyl analogues remains unexplored. Under basic conditions, pyridinium-N-amine and the corresponding dipolar aminide played a vibrant role in [3 + 2]-cycloaddition using (E)-β-iodovinyl sulfones. K2CO3-mediated tandem cycloannulative-desulfonylation of (E)-β-iodovinyl sulfones with 1-aminopyridinium iodide is realized to access 2-substituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines in good to high yields. An essential modification of the dipolar N-tosylpyridinium imide allows the first preparative synthesis of 3-sulfonyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines in moderate to high yields. Of note, the metal-free protocol features a broad substrate scope with good functional group tolerance and compatibility. The efficacy of the process was proved with gram-scale reactions, and a plausible mechanism is also presented based on concrete results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Jannapu Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
| | - Nunavath Sharadha
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
| | - Arram Haritha Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
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3
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Behbehani H, Dawood KM, Aryan FA, Ibrahim HM. Green Protocol for the Novel Synthesis of Thiochromeno[4,3- b]pyridine and Chromeno[4,3- b]pyridine Derivatives Utilizing a High-Pressure System. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:34065-34074. [PMID: 34926954 PMCID: PMC8675170 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A suitable and effective Q-tube-assisted strategy for the synthesis of novel, unrivalled thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyridine and chromeno[4,3-b]pyridine derivatives has been sophisticated, which includes ammonium acetate-mediated cyclocondensation reactions between 3-oxo-2-arylhydrazonopropanals and heterobenzocyclic ketones such as thiochroman-4-one and chroman-4-one, respectively. The high-pressure Q-tube reactor was shown to be superior to conventional heating. Furthermore, this Q-tube reactor-assisted protocol is safe owing to facile pressing and sealing, a broad substrate scope, and simple work-up and purification processes, as well as being scalable and having a high atom economy. The proposed mechanistic route includes two sequential dehydrative stages. In this investigation, X-ray crystallographic analysis was performed to authenticate the targeted products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haider Behbehani
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
| | - Kamal M. Dawood
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Fatemah A. Aryan
- College
of Basic Education, Science Department, Public Authority of Applied Education and Training, P.O. Box 23167, Safat 13092, Kuwait
| | - Hamada Mohamed Ibrahim
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
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4
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Ibrahim HM, Behbehani H. TFA-catalyzed Q-Tube Reactor-Assisted Strategy for the Synthesis of Pyrido[1,2- b][1,2,4]triazine and Pyrido[1',2':2,3][1,2,4]triazino[5,6- b]indole Derivatives. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:16086-16099. [PMID: 34179654 PMCID: PMC8223412 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An efficient high-pressure-assisted trifluoroacetic acid-catalyzed protocol for synthesizing unreported novel pyrido[1,2-b][1,2,4]triazine and pyrido[1',2':2,3][1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indole derivatives has been established. This strategy includes the condensation reactions of various 1-amino-2-imino-4-arylpyridine-3-carbonitrile derivatives with indoline-2,3-dione (isatin) derivatives and α-keto acids such as pyruvic acid and phenylglyoxylic acid. This strategy includes utilizing the Q-tube reactor as an efficient and safe tool to conduct these reactions under high-pressure conditions. In addition, trifluoroacetic acid was used to induce this transformation. In this research, conducting the targeted reactions under high pressure using the Q-tube reactor was found to be superb in comparison to that under the traditional refluxing conditions. X-ray single-crystal analysis was utilized in this study to authenticate the structure of the synthesized products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada Mohamed Ibrahim
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, P.O. Box 63514, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Haider Behbehani
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
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5
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Behbehani H, Aryan FA, Dawood KM, Ibrahim HM. High pressure assisted synthetic approach for novel 6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[6,7]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine and 5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]quinoline derivatives and their assessment as anticancer agents. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21691. [PMID: 33303858 PMCID: PMC7728779 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78590-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel, expedient and effective methodology for the synthesis of distinctly substituted 6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[6,7]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine and 5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]quinoline systems has been developed with a new synthetic platform. This process includes ammonium acetate-mediated cyclocondensation reactions of 3-oxo-2-arylhydrazonopropanals with benzosuberone and tetralone precursors, respectively, using the high-pressure Q-tube reactor, which has been found to be superior to both conventional heating and microwave irradiation. The novel protocol benefits from its high atom efficiency, economy, ease of workup, broad substrate scope and is also applicable to gram-scale synthesis. To identify and confirm the newly synthesized targeted compounds, the X-ray single-crystal as well as all possible spectroscopic methods were utilized. The cytotoxicity of the newly synthesized 6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[6,7]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine 4a-j and 5,6-dihydrobenzo-[h]quinolines derivatives 6a-e were preliminary examined toward three cell lines of human cancer; lung cancer (A549), breast cancer (MCF-7) and colon cancer (HCT-116), by applying the MTT colorimetric assay. The achieved results reflected the promising profile of the prepared compounds in this study against cancer cells and have shown that members from the synthesized 6,7-dihydro-5H-benzo[6,7]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine 4a-j exhibited promising cytotoxicity's against MCF-7, and A549 cancer cells respectively, while the HCT-116 (colon) cancer cells were inhibited by certain examples of 5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]quinoline derivatives 6c,d. These promising results could serve as a good primary base for further research into the design of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haider Behbehani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, 13060, Safat, Kuwait.
| | - Fatemah A Aryan
- Public Authority of Applied Education and Training, College of Basic Education, Science Department, P.O. Box 23167, 13092, Safat, Kuwait.
| | - Kamal M Dawood
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Hamada Mohamed Ibrahim
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, 13060, Safat, Kuwait.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, P.O. Box 63514, Fayoum, Egypt.
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6
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Ibrahim HM, Behbehani H. Palladium-Catalyzed Q-Tube-Assisted Protocol for Synthesizing Diaza-dibenzo[ a, e]azulene and Diaza-benzo[ a]fluorene Derivatives via O 2 Acid-Promoted Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15368-15381. [PMID: 33147024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
An appropriate and efficient Q-tube-assisted palladium-catalyzed strategy for the synthesis of novel, unparalleled diaza-dibenzo[a,e]azulene and diaza-benzo[a]fluorene derivatives has been sophisticated, which includes oxygen and AcOH-induced oxidative C(sp3)-C(sp2) cross-dehydrogenative coupling reactions of 1-amino-2-imino-4-arylpyridine-3-carbonitriles with benzocyclic ketones such as benzosuberone, tetralone, thiochromone, and chromone, respectively. This Q-tube gas purging kit assisted-protocol features safe due to easy pressing and sealing, a wide substrate scope, easy workup and purifying phases, and the use of O2 as a benign oxidant, in addition to being scalable and having a high atom economy. The suggested mechanistic pathway includes a formal dehydrative step followed by palladium AcOH-induced CH(sp3)-CH(sp2) oxidative cross-coupling. In this study, X-ray crystallographic analysis has been used to authenticate the targeted products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada Mohamed Ibrahim
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, P.O. Box 63514, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Haider Behbehani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
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7
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Devi Priya D, Nandhakumar M, Mohana Roopan S. Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine: Recent synthetic view on crucial heterocycles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1805468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Duraipandi Devi Priya
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Heterocycles & Natural Product Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Science, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - Selvaraj Mohana Roopan
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Heterocycles & Natural Product Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Science, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India
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8
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Ibrahim HM, Behbehani H. The first Q-Tube based high-pressure synthesis of anti-cancer active thiazolo[4,5-c]pyridazines via the [4 + 2] cyclocondensation of 3-oxo-2-arylhydrazonopropanals with 4-thiazolidinones. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6492. [PMID: 32300148 PMCID: PMC7162912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63453-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel and efficient protocol for the synthesis of thiazolo[4,5-c]pyridazine derivatives was developed. The approach utilizes a high pressure Q-Tube reactor to promote cyclocondensation reactions between 3-oxo-2-arylhydrazonopropanals and 4-thiazolidinones. The process has a significantly high atom economy and a broad substrate scope, as well as being applicable to gram scale syntheses. The in vitro cytotoxic activities of the synthesized thiazolo[4,5-c]pyridazine derivatives were examined utilizing a MTT colorimetric assay with doxorubicin as a reference anti-cancer drug and three human cancer cell lines including HCT-116 (colon), MCF-7 (breast) and A549 (lung). The results show that thiazolopyridazines 7c, h, k and p have high cytotoxic activity against the MCF-7 cell line with respective IC50 values of 14.34, 10.39, 15.43 and 13.60 μM. Moreover, the thiazolopyridazine derivative 7s also show promising cytotoxic activity against the HCT-116 cell line with IC50 = 6.90 μM . Observations made in this effort serve as a basis for further investigations into the design and preparation of new anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada Mohamed Ibrahim
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat, 13060, Kuwait.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, P.O. Box, 63514, Fayoum, Egypt.
| | - Haider Behbehani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat, 13060, Kuwait.
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9
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Hakobyan RM, Attaryan HS, Melikyan GS, Hayotsyan SS. Synthesis of Substituted 4-(Thiophen-2-yl)nicotinonitriles. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428020020323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Ibrahim HM, Behbehani H, Ahmed Arafa WA. A facile, practical and metal-free microwave-assisted protocol for mono- and bis-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridines synthesis utilizing 1-amino-2-imino-pyridine derivatives as versatile precursors. RSC Adv 2020; 10:15554-15572. [PMID: 35495427 PMCID: PMC9052378 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02256j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A facile and effective assembly of several substituted functionalized mono- and bis-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridines from conveniently attainable 1-amino-2-imino-pyridines has been established. Using microwave irradiation speeds up the reaction efficiently, proceeding with a higher rate and yields than with conventional heating. In the presented protocol, a broad variety of carboxylic acids could be employed effectively to synthesize the respective derivatives via direct metal-free C–N bond construction. Interestingly, other substrates such as aldehydes (or their arylidene malononitriles), phenyl isothiocyanate, glyoxalic acid, and acrylonitriles could also provide the corresponding 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyridines successfully. This versatile and convergent approach performs well with both deactivating and activating substrates in an environmentally benign manner compared with other already reported protocols. Other notable merits of the current strategy involve no need for column chromatography, no tedious work-up, and a direct pathway for the fast design of triazolopyridine frameworks. The identity of the newly synthesized compounds was established using several spectroscopic techniques, and X-ray single-crystal tools were employed to authenticate the suggested structures of some representative samples. A novel and highly efficient, protocol for synthesizing mono- and bis-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridines has been established utilizing the readily attainable 1-amino-2-imino-pyridines and microwave irradiation as green energy source.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haider Behbehani
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- Kuwait University
- Safat 13060
- Kuwait
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11
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Sim J, Viji M, Rhee J, Jo H, Cho SJ, Park Y, Seo S, Jung K, Lee H, Jung J. γ
‐Functionalization of
α,β
‐Unsaturated Nitriles under Mild Conditions: Versatile Synthesis of 4‐Aryl‐2‐Bromopyridines. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeuk Sim
- College of Pharmacy and Medicinal Research Center (MRC)Chungbuk National University Cheongju 28160 Republic of Korea
| | - Mayavan Viji
- College of Pharmacy and Medicinal Research Center (MRC)Chungbuk National University Cheongju 28160 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongtae Rhee
- College of Pharmacy and Medicinal Research Center (MRC)Chungbuk National University Cheongju 28160 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeju Jo
- College of Pharmacy and Medicinal Research Center (MRC)Chungbuk National University Cheongju 28160 Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Joon Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Medicinal Research Center (MRC)Chungbuk National University Cheongju 28160 Republic of Korea
- Bio & Drug Discovery DivisionKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjeong Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medicinal Research Center (MRC)Chungbuk National University Cheongju 28160 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung‐Yong Seo
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesGachon University Incheon 21936 Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan‐Young Jung
- Bio & Drug Discovery DivisionKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea
| | - Heesoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medicinal Research Center (MRC)Chungbuk National University Cheongju 28160 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae‐Kyung Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Medicinal Research Center (MRC)Chungbuk National University Cheongju 28160 Republic of Korea
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12
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Behbehani H, Ibrahim HM. Synthetic Strategy for Pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyridine and Pyrido[1,2- b]indazole Derivatives through AcOH and O 2-Promoted Cross-dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions between 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds and N-Amino-2-iminopyridines. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:15289-15303. [PMID: 31552376 PMCID: PMC6751734 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
An efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of uniquely substituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine and pyrido[1,2-b]indazole derivatives, which involves acetic acid and molecular oxygen promoted cross-dehydrogenative coupling reactions of respective β-ketoesters and β-diketones (like ethyl acetoacetate, ethyl benzoylacetate, methyl propionylacetate, acetylacetone, dimedone, 1,3-cyclohexanedione, and 1,3-cyclopentanedione) with N-amino-2-iminopyridines. The proposed tentative mechanism involves formal acetic acid-promoted oxidative C(sp3)-C(sp2) dehydrogenative coupling followed by dehydrative cyclization under a catalyst-free condition within high atom economy processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haider Behbehani
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
| | - Hamada Mohamed Ibrahim
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, P.O. Box 63514, Fayoum, Egypt
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13
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Ibrahim HM, Behbehani H. Sustainable Synthetic Approach for (Pyrazol-4-ylidene)pyridines By Metal Catalyst-Free Aerobic C(sp 2)-C(sp 3) Coupling Reactions between 1-Amino-2-imino-pyridines and 1-Aryl-5-pyrazolones. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:11701-11711. [PMID: 31460276 PMCID: PMC6682090 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel, metal catalyst-free, and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of (pyrazol-4-ylidene)pyridine derivatives. The process involves dehydrogenative coupling of 1-amino-2-imino-pyridines with 1-aryl-5-pyrazolone derivatives utilizing O2 as the sole oxidant. The new method benefits from a high atom economy, efficiency, and substrate scope, as well as the simplicity of reaction and product purification procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada Mohamed Ibrahim
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, P.O. Box 63514, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Haider Behbehani
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
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