Preparation and Study of Reusable Polymerized Catalysts for Ester Hydrogenation

Synthesis of Nanosheets Containing Uniformly Dispersed PdII Ions at an Aqueous/Aqueous Interface: Development of a Highly Active Nanosheet Catalyst for Mizoroki-Heck Reaction

A method was developed to synthesize a nanosheet at the interface of an aqueous layer of Pd^II ions and an aqueous layer of hydrophilic polymer bearing a metal coordination unit (HPMC). The nanosheet was synthesized through generation of an interface by the addition of an aqueous solution of Pd^II ions with a low specific gravity (1.03 g/cm³) to a dispersed aqueous solution of HPMC with a high specific gravity (1.50 g/cm³), resulting in rapid cross-linking at the interface. An electron probe microanalysis mapping image showed that the Pd^II ions were uniformly dispersed in the nanosheet. The nanosheet showed a high catalyst activity for the Mizoroki-Heck cross-coupling reaction with a turnover number (TON) and turnover frequency (TOF) greater than 3,333,333 and 138,889 h^-1, respectively. These are the greatest TON and TOF values reported for heterogeneous polymeric catalysts for the Mizoroki-Heck reaction.

Arene-Ruthenium(II) Complexes Containing 11H-Indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one Derivatives and Tryptanthrin-6-oxime: Synthesis, Characterization, Cytotoxicity, and Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Aryl Ketones

A series of novel mono- and binuclear arene-ruthenium(II) complexes [(p-cym)Ru(L)Cl] containing 11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one derivatives or tryptanthrin-6-oxime were synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography, IR, NMR spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and elemental analysis. Theoretical calculations invoking singlet state geometry optimization, solvation effects, and noncovalent interactions were done using density functional theory (DFT). DFT calculations were also applied to evaluate the electronic properties, and time-dependent DFT was applied to clarify experimental UV-vis results. Cytotoxicity for cancerous and noncancerous human cell lines was evaluated with cell viability MTT assay. Complexes demonstrated a moderate cytotoxic effect toward cancerous human cell line PANC-1. The catalytic activity of the complexes was evaluated in transfer hydrogenation of aryl ketones. All complexes exhibited good catalytic activity and functional group tolerance.