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Thakur D, Sushmita, Meena SA, Verma AK. Advancement in Synthetic Strategies of Phosphorus Heterocycles: Recent Progress from Synthesis to Emerging Class of Optoelectronic Materials. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202400058. [PMID: 39136671 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Organophosphorus heterocycles have long been acknowledged for their significant potential across diverse fields, including catalysis, material science, and drug development. Incorporating phosphorus functionalities into organic compounds offers a means to effectively tailor their medicinal properties, augment biological responses, and enhance selectivity and bioavailability. The distinctive physical and photoelectric characteristics of phosphorus-containing conjugated compounds have garnered considerable interest as promising materials for organic optoelectronics. These compounds find extensive utility in various applications such as light-emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells, phosphole-based fluorophores, and semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sushmita
- Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Delhi, 110078
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2
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Xiong B, Yuan M, Shi C, Zhu L, Cao F, Xu W, Ren Y, Liu Y, Tang KW. Recent Advances in the Application of P(III)-Nucleophiles to Create New P-C Bonds through Michaelis-Arbuzov-Type Rearrangement. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2024; 382:10. [PMID: 38457062 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-024-00456-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Organophosphorus compounds have long been considered valuable in both organic synthesis and life science. P(III)-nucleophiles, such as phosphites, phosphonites, and diaryl/alkyl phosphines, are particularly noteworthy as phosphorylation reagents for their ability to form new P-C bonds, producing more stable, ecofriendly, and cost-effective organophosphorus compounds. These nucleophiles follow similar phosphorylation routes as in the functionalization of P-H bonds and P-OH bonds. Activation can occur through photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, or thermo-driven reactions, often in coordination with a Michaelis-Arbuzov-trpe rearrangement process, to produce the desired products. As such, this review offers a thorough overview of the phosphorylated transformation and potential mechanisms of P(III)-nucleophiles, specifically focusing on developments since 2010. Notably, this review may provide researchers with valuable insights into designing and synthesizing functionalized organophosphorus compounds from P(III)-nucleophiles, guiding future advancements in both research and practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biquan Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, 414006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Minjing Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, 414006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chonghao Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, 414006, People's Republic of China
| | - Longzhi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, 414006, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, 414006, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, 414006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yining Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, 414006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, 414006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Wen Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, 414006, People's Republic of China
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3
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Murtaza H, Zhao J, Tabish M, Wang J, Mubeen M, Zhang J, Zhang S, Fan B. Protective and Flame-Retardant Bifunctional Epoxy-Based Nanocomposite Coating by Intercomponent Synergy between Modified CaAl-LDH and rGO. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38427459 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Extensive utilization in various settings poses extra requirements of coatings beyond just anticorrosion properties. Herein, 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) intercalated CaAl-based layered double hydroxide (CaAl-8HQ-LDH) was loaded on reduced GO (rGO) through a one-pot hydrothermal reaction, which was employed as the nanofiller endowing the epoxy (EP/CaAl-8HQ LDH@rGO) with excellent flame-retardancy while ensuring efficient protection for mild steel. Results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated the durability of the EP/CaAl-8HQ LDH@rGO-coated specimen, with the impedance at the lowest frequency (|Z|0.01Hz) maintained as 1.84 × 1010 Ω cm2 after 120 days of immersion in a 3.5 wt % NaCl solution. Even for the scratched EP/CaAl-8HQ LDH@rGO system, only a slight decline in |Z|0.01Hz was observed during 180 h of exposure to the NaCl solution, indicating a self-healing feature supported by salt spray tests. UL-94 burning tests revealed the V-0 rating for EP/CaAl-8HQ LDH@rGO with improved thermostability. Strong physical barrier from two-dimensional rGO and the release of 8-HQ from LDH interlayers accounted for the anticorrosive and self-healing properties. However, O2-concentration dilution and charring-layer promotion governed the flame-retardant behavior of the nanocomposite coating. The intercomponent synergy of nanofillers achieved in this work may provide a useful reference for designing multifunctional coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Murtaza
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jingmao Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mohammad Tabish
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jingbao Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Muhammad Mubeen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jingfan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Baomin Fan
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100029, China
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Zhou X, Wang Y, Zhang J, Wang G, Liu Y, Gao C. Preparation and properties of flame retardant biobased polyamide elastomer with shape memory. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
- Shandong eco Chemical Collaborative Innovation Center Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Yanqing Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
- Shandong eco Chemical Collaborative Innovation Center Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
- Shandong eco Chemical Collaborative Innovation Center Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
- Shandong eco Chemical Collaborative Innovation Center Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Yuetao Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
- Shandong eco Chemical Collaborative Innovation Center Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Chuanhui Gao
- College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
- Shandong eco Chemical Collaborative Innovation Center Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
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5
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Mathew S, Naganawa Y, Jiang F, Wischert R, Streiff S, Metivier P, Nakajima Y. One-Pot Synthesis of Polymers Containing PC Bonds in the Main Chain. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200921. [PMID: 36603223 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Placement of phosphorus in the polymer main chain leads to organophosphorus polymers with potentially unique chemical and physical properties. Herein, it is demonstrated that the Abramov phosphonylation reaction can be extended to the synthesis of such polymers, by reacting di- or tricarbaldehydes with phosphinic acid (PA) in the presence of N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide (BSA). This technique affords polymers with main chain PC bonds, wherein phosphorus (V), aromatic rings, and hydroxymethylene moieties are linked by bis(α-hydroxymethylene)phosphinic acid (BHMPA) units. The resulting polymers are water soluble, display resilience against acid- and base-catalyzed hydrolysis, and exhibit superior thermal stability with high char yield in air (≈83%) and nitrogen (≈76%) atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siby Mathew
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yuki Naganawa
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Fan Jiang
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory, Solvay China Co Ltd., 3966 Jin Du Rd., Xin Zhuang Industrial Zone, Shanghai, 201108, China
| | - Raphael Wischert
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory, Solvay China Co Ltd., 3966 Jin Du Rd., Xin Zhuang Industrial Zone, Shanghai, 201108, China
| | - Stephane Streiff
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory, Solvay China Co Ltd., 3966 Jin Du Rd., Xin Zhuang Industrial Zone, Shanghai, 201108, China
| | - Pascal Metivier
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory, Solvay China Co Ltd., 3966 Jin Du Rd., Xin Zhuang Industrial Zone, Shanghai, 201108, China
| | - Yumiko Nakajima
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
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Liu Q, Feng D, Zhao W, Xie D, Mei Y. A green, effective, and synergistic flame retardant for poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) resin. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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7
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Li H, Zeng W, Shi J, Wen N, Yang Z, Lei Z. Effects of novel functionalized magnesium phosphate monomers on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polyethylene terephthalate copolymers. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132648. [PMID: 34695482 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, inorganic magnesium hydroxide (MH) was modified by three phosphoric acids respectively to obtain three different novel functionalized monomers. The chemical structure and morphology of (Pn-MH) were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Further, functional monomers were introduced into the PET main chain structure. A new type of high-performance co-polyesters was successfully prepared. The specific structure of P1-MH-PET was characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Thermal stability of Pn-MH-PETs was analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The flame retardant properties were evaluated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical combustion test (UL-94) and cone calorimeter. The results show that the thermal stability and flame retardant properties of 5%Pn-MH-PETs are greatly improved. Among them, the best performance is 5%P1-MH-PET, LOI is 32.5%, UL-94 test reached V-0 grade. Compared with neat PET, the peak heat release rate (PHRR), peak smoke release rate (PSPR), carbon dioxide release rate (CO2PR) and carbon monoxide release rate (COPR) decreased by 57.0%, 38.1%, 54.6% and 57.3%, respectively. Fortunately, the mechanical properties of 5%P3-MH-PET were also improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, 967 Anning Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, 967 Anning Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Jianping Shi
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, 967 Anning Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Na Wen
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, 967 Anning Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Zhiwang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, 967 Anning Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Ziqiang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, 967 Anning Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China.
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8
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Synergistic effect of zeolite on the nitrogen-containing phosphinate salt-based acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene flame-retardant composite. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02811-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Vothi H, Nguyen C, Pham LH, Kim J, Hoang D. Degradation mechanism and flame retardancy of aluminum phosphonate in glass fiber-reinforced poly(butylene terephthalate). Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Shiu BC, Wu K, Lou CW, Lin Q, Lin JH. Synthesis of a Compound Phosphorus-Nitrogen Intumescent Flame Retardant for Applications to Raw Lacquer. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2858. [PMID: 34502898 PMCID: PMC8433844 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Raw lacquer (RL) is a natural polymer compound with highly promising applications; however, its inflammable attribute restricts the industrial applications. In this study, melamine is used to formulate tri (1-melamine-2-propanol) phosphate (FR-1), after which it is synthesized with ammonium phosphate (FR-2) and diatomite to form a compound phosphorus-nitrogen intumescent flame retardant (IFR). Next, IFR is used as the filling agent that then cross-links with RL, and as such RL/IFR membranes are formed after the curing. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) measurement, the vertical combustion test (UL-94), the microshape calorimetric analysis (CCT), and the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) are conducted to examine the combustion resistance and thermal stability of the membranes. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and electron scanning microscope (SEM) are performed to separately characterize the structure and compatibility; the mechanical properties of the membranes are also evaluated. The vertical combustion test results confirm that with 30 wt% of IFR, RL/IFR membranes acquire 12.3% higher LOI and a vertically combustion of V-0 level. The TGA indicates that RL/IFR membranes demonstrate a greater adhesion level, a higher rigidity, and better luster than pure RL membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Chiuan Shiu
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese lacquer Material, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (B.-C.S.); (K.W.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Kunlin Wu
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese lacquer Material, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (B.-C.S.); (K.W.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Ching-Wen Lou
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese lacquer Material, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (B.-C.S.); (K.W.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Qi Lin
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese lacquer Material, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (B.-C.S.); (K.W.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Jia-Horng Lin
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of New Chinese lacquer Material, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (B.-C.S.); (K.W.); (C.-W.L.)
- Laboratory of Fiber Application and Manufacturing, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
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Hameed A, Aljuhani E, Bawazeer TM, Almehmadi SJ, Alfi AA, Abumelha HM, Mersal GAM, El-Metwaly N. Preparation of multifunctional long-persistent photoluminescence cellulose fibres. LUMINESCENCE 2021; 36:1781-1792. [PMID: 34309162 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Simple preparation of flame-retardant, photoluminescent, and superhydrophobic smart nanocomposite coating was developed and applied onto cotton fibres using the simple pad-dry-cure technique. This novel strategy involved the immobilization of rare-earth-doped aluminium strontium oxide (ASO; SrAl2 O4 :Eu+2 ,Dy+3 ) nanoparticles, environmentally friendly room temperature vulcanizing silicone rubber (RTV) and environmentally friendly Exolet AP422 (Ex). The fabrics were also able to produce a char film in the fire-resistant assessment, providing fibres with a self-extinguishing characteristic. Furthermore, the fire-retardant performance of the coated cotton samples remained resistant to washing over 35 laundry cycles. The superhydrophobicity of the treated fabrics was monitored to improve by increasing the photoluminescent phosphor nanoparticles. The produced transparent photoluminescent film displayed an absorption at 360 nm and an emission at 526 nm. The photoluminescent fabrics were observed to generate different colorimetric shades, including white, green-yellow and bright white as monitored by Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage laboratory colorimetric coordinates. Slow emissions were detected for the treated cotton fabrics as monitored by emission, ultraviolet-visible light absorption, lifetime, and decay time spectral profiles to indicate glow in the dark phosphorescence effect. Both comfort and mechanical properties of the coated fibres were evaluated by measuring their bending length and air permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hameed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas Aljuhani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani M Bawazeer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar J Almehmadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alia Abdulaziz Alfi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hana M Abumelha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber A M Mersal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nashwa El-Metwaly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, El-Gomhoria Street, Egypt
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12
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Hu L, Fu Z, Gu X, Wang H, Li Y. Strengthened interface as flame retarding belt: Compatibilized PLLA/PP blends by reactive boehmite nanorods. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Synthesis of Novel Arginine-Based Flame Retardant and Its Application in Lyocell Fabric. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123588. [PMID: 34208392 PMCID: PMC8231223 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lyocell fabrics are widely applied in textiles, however, its high flammability increases the risk of fire. Therefore, to resolve the issue, a novel biomass-based flame retardant with phosphorus and nitrogen elements was designed and synthesized by the reaction of arginine with phosphoric acid and urea. It was then grafted onto the lyocell fabric by a dip-dry-cure technique to prepare durable flame-retardant lyocell fabric (FR-lyocell). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis demonstrated that the flame retardant was successfully introduced into the lyocell sample. Thermogravimetric (TG) and Raman analyses confirmed that the modified lyocell fabric featured excellent thermal stability and significantly increased char residue. Vertical combustion results indicated that FR-lyocell before and after washing formed a complete and dense char layer. Thermogravimetric Fourier-transform infrared (TG-FTIR) analysis suggested that incombustible substances (such as H2O and CO2) were produced and played a significant fire retarding role in the gas phase. The cone calorimeter test corroborated that the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) declined by 89.4% and 56.4%, respectively. These results indicated that the flame retardancy of the lyocell fabric was observably ameliorated.
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14
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Guo S, Xu J, Ni X. Synthesis, Structures, and Properties of a New Pentaerythritol-Derived Flame Retardant Used in Polyamide 66. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:12887-12897. [PMID: 34056440 PMCID: PMC8154225 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A melting phosphorous-based flame retardant (FR) named as diphenyl phosphoryl (DPP)-PEPA is synthesized from 2,6,7-trioxa-1-phosphabicyclo-(2.2.2)-octane-4-methanol (PEPA) and diphenyl phosphoryl chloride. The melting DPP-PEPA FR possesses high thermostability with T 5wt% at 344 °C, which can match the melt-spinning of engineering plastics at high temperatures. The structure of DPP-PEPA is defined by nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectrometry. The influences of DPP-PEPA on polyamide 6,6 (PA66) are assessed in terms of rheology parameters and crystallinity. It is observed that the flame retardancy of PA66 is greatly improved when DPP-PEPA is added to the PA66 resin. The results show that the modified PA66 has limited oxygen index as high as 29.4%, and the compact char layers are obviously formed on top of the burned samples. As compared to the pure PA66, the peak heat release rate and the average effective heat of combustion are decreased by 26.5 and 19.3%, respectively. It is obtained that the value of flame retardancy index is 1.4, indicating high efficiency of the entire flame retardancy. Moreover, pyrolysis of DPP-PEPA is carried out at different temperatures for identifying gaseous products and types of flame retardancy.
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15
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A novel synthesis of ditrimethylolpropane biphosphoramide diethyleneamine as flame retardant and antistatic textiles. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-0744-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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16
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Wang K, Liu H, Wang C, Huang W, Tian Q, Fu Q, Yan W. Flame-Retardant Performance of Epoxy Resin Composites with SiO 2 Nanoparticles and Phenethyl-Bridged DOPO Derivative. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:666-674. [PMID: 33458519 PMCID: PMC7807740 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flame retardancy of epoxy resin (EP) plays a vital role in its applications. When inorganic nanomaterials form inorganic/organic nanocomposites, they exhibit special flame-retardant effects. In this study, EP nanocomposites were prepared by the incorporation of SiO2 nanoparticles and phenethyl-bridged 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) derivative (DiDOPO), and the synergistic effects of SiO2 nanoparticles and DiDOPO on the flame-retardant performance of EP were discussed. Results indicated that the introduction of only 15 wt % SiO2 and 5 wt % DiDOPO in EP leads to the increase in the limiting oxygen index from 21.8 to 30.2%, and the nanocomposites achieve the UL-94 V-0 rating. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that char yield increases with the increase in the SiO2 content of the nanocomposites and that an increased amount of thermally stable carbonaceous char is formed. SiO2 nanoparticles can improve the thermal stability and mechanical performance of EP; hence, the nanoparticles can serve as an efficient adjuvant for the DiDOPO/EP flame-retardant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Wang
- School of Chemistry
and Materials
Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
| | - Hang Liu
- School of Chemistry
and Materials
Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
| | - Chong Wang
- School of Chemistry
and Materials
Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
| | - Weijiang Huang
- School of Chemistry
and Materials
Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
| | - Qin Tian
- School of Chemistry
and Materials
Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
| | - Qiuping Fu
- School of Chemistry
and Materials
Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
| | - Wei Yan
- School of Chemistry
and Materials
Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
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Meena M, Jacob J. Pentaerythritol derived phosphorous based bicyclic compounds as promising flame retardants for thermoplastic polyurethane films. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahipal Meena
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India
| | - Josemon Jacob
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India
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18
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Chen X, Luo W, Wang Y, Li Z, Ma X, Peng AY. Efficient Synthesis of Phosphonamidates through One-Pot Sequential Reactions of Phosphonites with Iodine and Amines. Chemistry 2020; 26:14474-14480. [PMID: 32776399 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot sequential strategy to construct phosphonamidates has been developed by generating phosphonites in situ from arylmagnesium bromides and triethyl phosphite followed by treatment with iodine and amines. A variety of phosphonamidates were obtained with good to excellent yields at room temperature from easily available materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunwei Chen
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingangxi Lu, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Luo
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingangxi Lu, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanlin Wang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingangxi Lu, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zikang Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingangxi Lu, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaorui Ma
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingangxi Lu, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Yun Peng
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingangxi Lu, Guangzhou, China
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Cheng Z, Fang M, Chen X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Li H, Qian J. Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy of a Cured Trifunctional Epoxy Resin with the Synergistic Effects of Silicon/Titanium. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:4200-4212. [PMID: 32149250 PMCID: PMC7057714 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
An amino curing agent containing silicon/titanium flame-retardant elements (STCA) based on (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and tetrabutyl titanate was successfully prepared. The thermal decomposition and flame-retardant properties of a STCA-cured trifunctional epoxy resin, which was facilely synthesized by 1,1,1-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane and epichlorohydrin via a two-step method, were compared with those of another amino curing agent containing silicon (SCA) based on APTES and methyltrimethoxysilane. The structures of STCA and SCA were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), 29Si NMR, and Raman spectroscopies. The STCA-cured thermoset not only had good thermal stability with an initial decomposition temperature of 344.8 °C and a char yield of 52.7% at 800 °C but also exhibited the overall improvement of flame-retardant properties. V-0 rating was achieved using the UL-94 test, and the value of limiting oxygen index reached 33.8%. From the thermogravimetry-infrared test, the yield of pyrolysis products of the STCA-cured thermoset was significantly decreased, indicating the lower toxicity in contrast to the SCA-cured thermoset. Flame-retardant performances were also investigated using the cone calorimetry test, and the flame retardancy mechanism was studied using scanning electron microscopy, FT-IR, and energy-dispersive spectrometry. The results indicate that the introduction of silicon/titanium to the system reveals the synergistic effects to promote the formation of an intumescent, sufficient, and compact char layer during combustion, which could effectively prevent heat, oxygen, and flame from penetrating into the interior structure, and lead to the retardance of further combustion.
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Kim J, You NH, Ku BC. Highly efficient halogen-free flame retardants of thermally-oxidized polyacrylonitrile copolymers containing bio-derived caffeic acid derivatives. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00854k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer with catechol comonomer is utilized as a precursor for the production of high-performance flame retarding fibers and is also widely used for clothing fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongho Kim
- Carbon Composite Materials Research Center
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Wanju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Ho You
- Carbon Composite Materials Research Center
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Wanju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Bon-Cheol Ku
- Carbon Composite Materials Research Center
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Wanju
- Republic of Korea
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