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Delihowski J, Izak P, Wojcik Ł, Stempkowska A, Jarosz M. The influence of selected grain size fractions of coal fly ash on properties of clay-cement mortars used for the flood levees construction. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21485. [PMID: 39277618 PMCID: PMC11401843 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examines the influence of different grain size fractions of coal fly ash on the properties of clay-cement mortars used in flood levee construction. Dry aerodynamic separation and mesh sieving were used to obtain ultrafine, fine, and medium fractions of high-calcium and silica fly ash. The experimental results reveal that the rheological properties of fresh mortars are significantly influenced by these fractions. High-calcium fly ash mortars exhibit high reactivity and rapid increase in viscosity, with finer fractions showing the highest reactivity. Silica ashes show increased reactivity in the later stages of suspension hardening. Their spherical shape contributes to reducing internal friction during flow in initial technological operations. Furthermore, the compressive strength of hardened mortars improves as the particle size decreases for both ashes, resulting in a dense and uniform microstructure. The separation and fractionation of fly ashes contribute to the obtaining of fractions that influence the parameters of clay-cement suspension application on different scales. The results show the potential benefits of ash separation, which can bring advantages in terms of economic viability, engineering performance, and ecological sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurij Delihowski
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Kraków, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Piotr Izak
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Kraków, Krakow, Poland
| | - Łukasz Wojcik
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Kraków, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Stempkowska
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Resources Management, AGH University of Kraków, Krakow, Poland.
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Das SK, Tripathi AK, Kandi SK, Mustakim SM, Bhoi B, Rajput P. Ferrochrome slag: A critical review of its properties, environmental issues and sustainable utilization. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116674. [PMID: 36410302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ferrochrome slag (FCS) is a by-product of ferrochrome industries and is produced during the extraction of ferrochrome from chromite ore. The chemical composition of FCS comprises of 27-33% SiO2, 15-25% Al2O3, 20-35% MgO, and 10-15% iron-chromium compounds. The high chromium content of FCS and the possibility of its leaching into the environment categorize FCS as hazardous waste material. For each ton of ferrochrome production, nearly 1.2-1.5 tons of FCS is generated, which becomes a significant challenge for the ferrochrome producers while managing this hazardous waste. Therefore, several research attempts have been made to observe the leaching characteristics of chromium (VI) in FCS, its stabilization, and subsequent potential utilization. The high mechanical properties of FCS have led many researchers worldwide to utilize it as a construction material. This review work has undertaken FCS's physical, chemical, and microstructural characteristics and its following utilization as a fine and coarse aggregate in producing green and sustainable concrete. Different methods of stabilizing chromium (VI), including the physical, chemical, and biological methods, are extensively discussed in this review. This article also accommodated FCS as a precursor material in geopolymer and alkali-activated binders. However, the compressive strength achieved with FCS as a binder in geopolymer is very low, and thus more studies are needed to establish the possibility of strength enhancement. The leaching aspects of geopolymers with FCS also need to be studied extensively for their successive application. Lastly, the conclusions and discussion of this study have keenly addressed the significant challenges to the safe utilization of FCS in construction applications. Also, it deliberates on how the emerging research on FCS, such as refractory, composites, and coating material, can be new avenues for its utilization without any potential threat to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaswat Kumar Das
- Advanced Materials Technology Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Ankit Kumar Tripathi
- Advanced Materials Technology Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sapan Kumar Kandi
- Advanced Materials Technology Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Syed Mohammed Mustakim
- Environment and Sustainability Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Bhagyadhar Bhoi
- Advanced Materials Technology Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Priyanka Rajput
- Advanced Materials Technology Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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Behari M, Das D, Mohanty AM. Influence of Surfactant for Stabilization and Pipeline Transportation of Iron Ore Water Slurry: A Review. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:28708-28722. [PMID: 36033703 PMCID: PMC9404186 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Iron ore is generally transported using a traditional method that releases significant amounts of dust into the environment. In contrast, the pipeline transportation of slurry is noticeably a sustainable approach for efficiently transporting iron ore by reducing the environmental pollution. The interparticle interaction of the iron ore particles should be mutually repulsive for steady dispersion. Surfactants and polymers adsorb efficiently at the solid/liquid interface due to their amphiphilic character, rendering the surface hydrophilic or hydrophobic to create a stable dispersion. The present review discusses the interaction of surfactants on the stabilization of solid particles for the ease of pipeline transportation using various types of stabilization mechanisms. In addition to the effect of surfactant alone, its combination with some other parameters such as particle size distribution, temperature, solid concentration, etc. has been discussed. The review also describes the detailed classification of iron ore, surfactant, and characteristic properties of surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandakini Behari
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Centurion University
of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Debadutta Das
- Department
of Chemistry, Basic Science & Humanities, Radhakrishna Institute of Technology and Engineering, IDCO-01, IDCO Industrial Estate, Barunei, Khordha, Odisha 752057, India
| | - Ardhendu Mouli Mohanty
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Centurion University
of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
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Behari M, Mohanty A, Das D. Influence of a plant-based surfactant on improving the stability of iron ore particles for dispersion and pipeline transportation. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Kumar Dan A, Biswal B, Das M, Parida S, Kumar Parhi P, Das D. Aqueous and Chemical Extraction of Saponin of Acacia concinna (Willd.) Dc.: An effective Bio-surfactant Solution to Extract Silk Fibroin from Muga silk cocoons. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Study and Analysis on the Influence Degree of Particle Settlement Factors in Pipe Transportation of Backfill Slurry. METALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/met11111780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a pipeline transport model to investigate the influence of particle sedimentation factors on slurry transportation through pipelines. The particle tracking module of the software was used to simulate the transport process, and the influences on the sedimentation rate were analyzed considering the slurry concentration, particle size, and flow velocity. The established model exhibited small calculation errors. In addition, the results revealed that the proposed model is reliable for calculating the degree of influence of various factors on particle sedimentation. The effect of the particle sedimentation rate on the pipeline slurry was explored considering the particle size, slurry concentration, and flow velocity. The sedimentation rate was positively related to particle size and adversely related to the slurry concentration and flow velocity. Indeed, study on the sedimentation rate requires considering a reasonable range of particle sizes, preparing a slurry with an appropriate concentration, and adjusting an appropriate flow velocity. Numerical simulations were performed using the filling data as the background for a sample mining area. The experimental results showed optimal slurry concentration and particle size of 60% and 25.25 µm, respectively.
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Behera U, Das SK, Mishra DP, Parhi PK, Das D. Sustainable Transportation, Leaching, Stabilization, and Disposal of Fly Ash Using a Mixture of Natural Surfactant and Sodium Silicate. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:22820-22830. [PMID: 34514253 PMCID: PMC8427790 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the transportation, leaching, and stabilization ability of novel saponin extracted from the fruits of Acacia auriculiformis. To enhance the dispersing behavior of the fly ash slurry (FAS) at a lower dosage of sodium silicate, A. auriculiformis was incorporated in FAS. In addition to the rheological study, an attempt has been made to remove heavy metals through leaching for the safe disposal of FAS. Critical factors such as the fly ash (FA) concentration, saponin dosage, surface tension, ζ potential, temperature, and combination of saponin and sodium silicate, affecting the rheology of FAS, were extensively studied. The addition of a nonionic natural surfactant saponin has been proved to enhance the wettability of FA particles by decreasing the surface tension of FAS. The obtained rheology results were compared with the stabilization yield of the previously reported commercial surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. The incorporation of sodium silicate in the FAS system was found to be phenomenal in the settling and stabilization of FAS, thereby developing reaction products like sodium aluminum silicate (N-A-S). This facilitates the sustainable disposal of FA preventing air pollution after dewatering. The formation of N-A-S was further supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umakanta Behera
- Department
of Mining Engineering, Government College
of Engineering, Keonjhar 758002, Odisha, India
- Department
of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology (Indian school of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Shaswat Kumar Das
- Department
of Civil Engineering, Government College
of Engineering, Keonjhar, 758002, Odisha, India
| | - Devi Prasad Mishra
- Department
of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology (Indian school of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Parhi
- Department
of Chemistry, Fakir Mohan (F.M.) University, Vyasa Vihar, Nuapadhi, Balasore 756089, Odisha, India
| | - Debadutta Das
- Department
of Chemistry, Sukanti Degree College, Subarnapur 767017, Odisha, India
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Das D, Mohapatra RK, Belbsir H, Routray A, Parhi PK, El-Hami K. Combined effect of natural dispersant and a stabilizer in formulation of high concentration coal water slurry: Experimental and rheological modeling. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Green Synthesis of Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoflower as Dual Agent for Photodegradation of an Organic Dye and Tyrosinase Inhibitor. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01729-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Das D, Mohapatra RK, Parhi PK, Sarangi AK, Sahu R, Barik SR. Sustainable and Efficient Route for the Regeneration of Carbonyl Compounds from Oximes Using Aqueous Extract of Sapindus laurifolia under Microwave Radiation. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:7716-7721. [PMID: 32280915 PMCID: PMC7144141 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of organic compounds using aqueous medium has become an indispensable tool for modern chemical synthesis strategies because of its ability to produce pure products with higher yield at ambient temperature. The conversion of oxime group into carbonyl group serves as a key step for several organic syntheses. This article describes the regeneration of carbonyl compounds from the oxime group present in various carbon skeletons using I2 and aqueous extract of Sapindus laurifolia under microwave radiation. A correlation has been established between the critical micellar concentration of saponin extracted from Sapindous laurifolia and the yield percentage of regenerated different carbonyl compounds. An effortless, competent, and environmentally compassionate protocol for the regeneration of carbonyl compound with a high percent of yield in the range 45-95% could be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debadutta Das
- Department
of Chemistry, Sukanti Degree College, Subarnapur, Odisha 767017, India
- . Phone: +91-9937310118
| | - Ranjan K. Mohapatra
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, Odisha 758002, India
| | - Pankaj K. Parhi
- School
of Chemical Technology, KIIT Deemed to be
University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
- Convergence
Research Center for Development of Mineral Resources (DMR), Korea Institute of Geosciences and Mineral Resources
(KIGAM), Daejeon 305-350, South Korea
| | - Ashish K. Sarangi
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha 767001, India
| | - Raghaba Sahu
- College
of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Soumya R. Barik
- Department
of Chemistry, C. V. Raman College of Engineering, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752054, India
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