Rendering Redox Reactions of Cathodes in Li-Ion Capacitors Enabled by Lanthanides

Co3ZnC@NC Material Derived from ZIF-8 for Lithium-Ion Capacitors

Metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived carbon materials were widely reported as the anodes of lithium-ion capacitors (LICs). However, tunning the structure and electrochemical performance of the MOF-derived carbon materials is still challenging. Herein, metal carbide materials of Co3ZnC@NC-8:2 were obtained by the pyrolysis of the MOF materials of Co0.2Zn0.8ZIF-8 (Zn/Co ratio of 8:2). A half-cell assembled with the Co3ZnC@NC-8:2 electrode exhibits a discharge capacity of the electrode material of 598 mAh g-1 at a current density of 0.1 A g-1. After 100 cycles, the retention rate of discharge specific capacity is about 90%. The high performance of Co3ZnC@NC-8:2 is ascribed to its high crystalline degree and well-defined structure, which facilitates the intercalation/deintercalation of lithium ions and buffers the volume change during the charge/discharge process. The high capacitance contribution ratio calculated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves at different scanning rates indicates the pseudocapacitance storage mechanism. LICs constructed from the Co3ZnC@NC-8:2 material have a rectangular CV curve, while the charge-discharge curve has a symmetrical triangular shape. This study indicates that MOF-derived carbon is one of the promising materials for high-performance LICs.

Recent Advances in Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors for Detecting Bisphenol A

In recent years, several studies have focused on environmental pollutants. Bisphenol A (BPA) is one prominent industrial raw material, and its extensive utilization and release into the environment constitute an environmental hazard. BPA is considered as to be an endocrine disruptor which mimics hormones, and has a direct relationship to the development and growth of animal and human reproductive systems. Moreover, intensive exposure to the compound is related to prostate and breast cancer, infertility, obesity, and diabetes. Hence, accurate and reliable determination techniques are crucial for preventing human exposure to BPA. Experts in the field have published general electrochemical procedures for detecting BPA. The present timely review critically evaluates diverse chemically modified electrodes using various substances that have been reported in numerous studies in the recent decade for use in electrochemical sensors and biosensors to detect BPA. Additionally, the essential contributions of these substances for the design of electrochemical sensors are presented. It has been predicted that chemically modified electrode-based sensing systems will be possible options for the monitoring of detrimental pollutants.

Developments and applications of nanomaterial-based carbon paste electrodes

This review summarizes the progress that has been made in the past ten years in the field of electrochemical sensing using nanomaterial-based carbon paste electrodes. Following an introduction into the field, a first large section covers sensors for biological species and pharmaceutical compounds (with subsections on sensors for antioxidants, catecholamines and amino acids). The next section covers sensors for environmental pollutants (with subsections on sensors for pesticides and heavy metal ions). Several tables are presented that give an overview on the wealth of methods (differential pulse voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, amperometry, etc.) and different nanomaterials available. A concluding section summarizes the status, addresses future challenges, and gives an outlook on potential trends.

Direct electrochemical detection of clozapine by RuO2 nanoparticles-modified screen-printed electrode

This study introduces the sensitive electrochemical detection of clozapine with the use of a ruthenium(iv) oxide nanoparticle (RuO₂ NP)-modified screen-printed electrode (RuO₂ NPs/SPE).