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Shin Y, Schwartz JM, Engler AC, Jones B, Davydovich O, Kohl PA. Photoactivated Cyclic Polyphthalaldehyde Microcapsules for Payload Delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:43951-43960. [PMID: 39112427 PMCID: PMC11345721 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Microcapsules with a cyclic polyphthalaldehyde (cPPA) shell and oil core were fabricated by an emulsification process. The low ceiling temperature cPPA shell was made phototriggerable by incorporating a photoacid generator (PAG). Photoactivation of the PAG created a strong acid which catalyzed cPPA depolymerization, resulting in the release of the core payload, as quantified by 1H NMR. The high molecular weight cPPA (197 kDa) yielded uniform spherical microcapsules. The core diameter was 24.8 times greater than the cPPA shell thickness (2.4 to 21.6 μm). Nonionic bis(cyclohexylsulfonyl)diazomethane (BCSD) and N-hydroxynaphthalimide triflate (HNT) PAGs were used as the PAG in the microcapsule shells. BCSD required dual stimuli of UV radiation and post-exposure baking at 60 °C to activate cPPA depolymerization while room temperature irradiation of HNT resulted in instantaneous core release. A 300 s UV exposure (365 nm, 10.8 J/cm2) of the cPPA/HNT microcapsules resulted in 66.5 ± 9.4% core release. Faster core release was achieved by replacing cPPA with a phthalaldehyde/propanal copolymer. A 30 s UV exposure (365 nm, 1.08 J/cm2) resulted in 82 ± 13% core release for the 75 mol % phthalaldehyde/25 mol % propanal copolymer microcapsules. The photoresponsive shell provides a versatile polymer microcapsule technology for on-demand, controlled release of hydrophobic core payloads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngsu Shin
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jared M. Schwartz
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Anthony C. Engler
- Cain
Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana
State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Brad Jones
- Sandia
National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Oleg Davydovich
- Sandia
National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Paul A. Kohl
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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2
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Svenskaya Y, Pallaeva T. Exploiting Benefits of Vaterite Metastability to Design Degradable Systems for Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2574. [PMID: 38004553 PMCID: PMC10674703 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread application of calcium carbonate is determined by its high availability in nature and simplicity of synthesis in laboratory conditions. Moreover, calcium carbonate possesses highly attractive physicochemical properties that make it suitable for a wide range of biomedical applications. This review provides a conclusive analysis of the results on using the tunable vaterite metastability in the development of biodegradable drug delivery systems and therapeutic vehicles with a controlled and sustained release of the incorporated cargo. This manuscript highlights the nuances of vaterite recrystallization to non-porous calcite, dissolution at acidic pH, biodegradation at in vivo conditions and control over these processes. This review outlines the main benefits of vaterite instability for the controlled liberation of the encapsulated molecules for the development of biodegradable natural and synthetic polymeric materials for biomedical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Svenskaya
- Scientific Medical Center, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
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3
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Trushina DB, Borodina TN, Belyakov S, Antipina MN. Calcium carbonate vaterite particles for drug delivery: Advances and challenges. MATERIALS TODAY. ADVANCES 2022; 14:100214. [PMID: 36785703 PMCID: PMC9909585 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtadv.2022.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The recent successful application of lipid-based nanoparticles as delivery vehicles in COVID-19 vaccines demonstrated the superior potential of nanoparticle-based technology for targeted drug delivery in biomedicine. Among novel, rapidly advancing delivery platforms, the inorganic nano/microparticles gradually reach new heights and attract well-deserved attention among scientists and clinicians. Calcium carbonate in its vaterite form is used as a biocompatible carrier for a progressively increasing number of biomedical applications. Its growing popularity is conferred by beneficial porosity of particles, high mechanical stability, biodegradability under certain physiological conditions, ability to provide a continuous steady release of bioactives, preferential safety profile, and low cost, which make calcium carbonate a suitable entity of highly efficacious formulations for controlled drug delivery and release. The focal point of the current review is the success of the recent vaterite applications in the delivery of various diagnostics and therapeutic drugs. The manuscript highlights the nuances of drug loading in vaterite particles, connecting it with particle morphology, size, and charge of the loaded molecules, payload concentration, mono- or multiple drug loading. The manuscript also depicts recent successful methods of increasing the loading capacity developed for vaterite carriers. In addition, the review describes the various administration routes for vaterite particles with bioactive payloads, which were reported in recent years. Special attention is given to the multi-drug-loaded vaterite particles ("molecular cocktails") and reports on their successful delivery in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria B Trushina
- A.V. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Research Centre "Crystallography and Photonics" of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119333, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Tatiana N Borodina
- A.V. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Research Centre "Crystallography and Photonics" of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119333, Russia
| | - Sergei Belyakov
- Theracross Technologies Pte Ltd, 251 Pasir Panjang Rd, Singapore, 118610, Singapore
| | - Maria N Antipina
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation A∗STAR, 31 Biopolis Way, #01-02 Nanos, Singapore, 138669, Singapore
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Mesoporous One-Component Gold Microshells as 3D SERS Substrates. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11100380. [PMID: 34677336 PMCID: PMC8533941 DOI: 10.3390/bios11100380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful analytical tool for label-free analysis that has found a broad spectrum of applications in material, chemical, and biomedical sciences. In recent years, a great interest has been witnessed in the rational design of SERS substrates to amplify Raman signals and optionally allow for the selective detection of analytes, which is especially essential and challenging for biomedical applications. In this study, hard templating of noble metals is proposed as a novel approach for the design of one-component tailor-made SERS platforms. Porous Au microparticles were fabricated via dual ex situ adsorption of Au nanoparticles and in situ reduction of HAuCl4 on mesoporous sacrificial microcrystals of vaterite CaCO3. Elimination of the microcrystals at mild conditions resulted in the formation of stable mesoporous one-component Au microshells. SERS performance of the microshells at very low 0.4 µW laser power was probed using rhodamine B and bovine serum albumin showing enhancement factors of 2 × 108 and 8 × 108, respectively. The proposed strategy opens broad avenues for the design and scalable fabrication of one-component porous metal particles that can serve as superior SERS platforms possessing both excellent plasmonic properties and the possibility of selective inclusion of analyte molecules and/or SERS nanotags for highly specific SERS analysis.
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Vikulina AS, Campbell J. Biopolymer-Based Multilayer Capsules and Beads Made via Templating: Advantages, Hurdles and Perspectives. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2502. [PMID: 34684943 PMCID: PMC8537085 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One of the undeniable trends in modern bioengineering and nanotechnology is the use of various biomolecules, primarily of a polymeric nature, for the design and formulation of novel functional materials for controlled and targeted drug delivery, bioimaging and theranostics, tissue engineering, and other bioapplications. Biocompatibility, biodegradability, the possibility of replicating natural cellular microenvironments, and the minimal toxicity typical of biogenic polymers are features that have secured a growing interest in them as the building blocks for biomaterials of the fourth generation. Many recent studies showed the promise of the hard-templating approach for the fabrication of nano- and microparticles utilizing biopolymers. This review covers these studies, bringing together up-to-date knowledge on biopolymer-based multilayer capsules and beads, critically assessing the progress made in this field of research, and outlining the current challenges and perspectives of these architectures. According to the classification of the templates, the review sequentially considers biopolymer structures templated on non-porous particles, porous particles, and crystal drugs. Opportunities for the functionalization of biopolymer-based capsules to tailor them toward specific bioapplications is highlighted in a separate section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S. Vikulina
- Department of Theory and Bio-Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg, 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Dr.-Mack-Straße, 77, 90762 Fürth, Germany
| | - Jack Campbell
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
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Basha MH, Ramu C, Gopal NO, Reddy MB. Structural and spectroscopic characterizations of boron doped TiO2–CeO2 nanocomposite synthesized by solution combustion technique for photocatalytic applications. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.129892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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German SV, Budylin GS, Shirshin EA, Gorin DA. Advanced Technique for In Situ Raman Spectroscopy Monitoring of the Freezing-Induced Loading Process. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:1365-1371. [PMID: 33471539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The freezing-induced loading (FIL) method is a promising technique for encapsulation of bioactive substances as well as for preparation of nanocomposite materials. A critically important aspect for this method is the remote control of the freezing process. The knowledge of the moment of freezing process ending can allow us to increase the quality of loading and reduce the process duration, thus making this approach more controllable. Herein, we present a photonic technique based on Raman spectroscopy as one of the optimal solutions for remote control of FIL. As a result of our study, the setup for obtaining Raman spectra during the process of liquid vehicle crystallization in suspensions has been developed, which allowed us to analyze the sorption of nanoparticles onto micro- and submicron particles by the FIL method in situ. The main focus of the present work is the in situ Raman spectroscopy monitoring of the crystallization process, including technologically important parameters such as the ice/water interface velocity in water colloids/suspensions and the moment of the final adsorption of the nanoparticles on the microparticles. In contrast to other approaches, Raman spectroscopy allows to directly observe the hydrogen bond formation during crystallization. Additionally, a schematic and a detailed description of the setup are presented here. Thus, the developed technique has a good perspective for scaling up the FIL approach and increasing the area of application of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei V German
- Institute of Spectroscopy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fizicheskaya 5, 108840 Moscow, Russia
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gleb S Budylin
- Institute of Spectroscopy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fizicheskaya 5, 108840 Moscow, Russia
- Medical Scientific and Educational Center of M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Shirshin
- Institute of Spectroscopy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fizicheskaya 5, 108840 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Gorin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
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Campbell J, Abnett J, Kastania G, Volodkin D, Vikulina AS. Which Biopolymers Are Better for the Fabrication of Multilayer Capsules? A Comparative Study Using Vaterite CaCO 3 as Templates. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:3259-3269. [PMID: 33410679 PMCID: PMC7880531 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The polymer layer-by-layer assembly is accounted among the most attractive approaches for the design of advanced drug delivery platforms and biomimetic materials in 2D and 3D. The multilayer capsules can be made of synthetic or biologically relevant (e.g., natural) polymers. The biopolymers are advantageous for bioapplications; however, the design of such "biocapsules" is more challengeable due to intrinsic complexity and lability of biopolymers. Until now, there are no systematic studies that report the formation mechanism for multilayer biocapsules templated upon CaCO3 crystals. This work evaluates the structure-property relationship for 16 types of capsules made of different biopolymers and proposes the capsule formation mechanism. The capsules have been fabricated upon mesoporous cores of vaterite CaCO3, which served as a sacrificial template. Stable capsules of polycations poly-l-lysine or protamine and four different polyanions were successfully formed. However, capsules made using the polycation collagen and dextran amine underwent dissolution. Formation of the capsules has been correlated with the stability of the respective polyelectrolyte complexes at increased ionic strength. All formed capsules shrink upon core dissolution and the degree of shrinkage increased in the series of polyanions: heparin sulfate < dextran sulfate < chondroitin sulfate < hyaluronic acid. The same trend is observed for capsule adhesiveness to the glass surface, which correlates with the decrease in polymer charge density. The biopolymer length and charge density govern the capsule stability and internal structure; all formed biocapsules are of a matrix-type, other words are microgels. These findings can be translated to other biopolymers to predict biocapsule properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Campbell
- Department
of Chemistry and Forensics, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, NG11 8NS Nottingham, U.K.
| | - Jordan Abnett
- Department
of Chemistry and Forensics, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, NG11 8NS Nottingham, U.K.
| | - Georgia Kastania
- Department
of Chemistry and Forensics, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, NG11 8NS Nottingham, U.K.
| | - Dmitry Volodkin
- Department
of Chemistry and Forensics, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, NG11 8NS Nottingham, U.K.
- . Phone: +44-115-848-3140
| | - Anna S. Vikulina
- Branch
Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses, Fraunhofer
Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Am Mühlenberg 13-Golm, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- . Phone: +49-331 58187-122
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