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Khachornsakkul K, Del-Rio-Ruiz R, Chheang L, Zeng W, Sonkusale S. Distance-based paper analytical device for multiplexed quantification of cytokine biomarkers using carbon dots integrated with molecularly imprinted polymer. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:2262-2271. [PMID: 38501606 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00055b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
This article introduces distance-based paper analytical devices (dPADs) integrated with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and carbon dots (CDs) for simultaneous quantification of cytokine biomarkers, namely C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in human biological samples for diagnosis of cytokine syndrome. Using fluorescent CDs and MIP technology, the dPAD exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity. Detection is based on fluorescence quenching of CDs achieved through the interaction of the target analytes with the MIP layer on the paper substrate. Quantitative analysis is easily accomplished by measuring the distance length of quenched fluorescence with a traditional ruler and naked eye readout enabling rapid diagnosis of cytokine syndrome and the underlying infection. Our sensor demonstrated linear ranges of 2.50-24.0 pg mL-1 (R2 = 0.9974), 0.25-3.20 pg mL-1 (R2 = 0.9985), and 1.50-16.0 pg mL-1 (R2 = 0.9966) with detection limits (LODs) of 2.50, 0.25, and 1.50 pg mL-1 for CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6, respectively. This sensor also demonstrated remarkable selectivity compared to a sensor employing a non-imprinted polymer (NIP), and precision with the highest relative standard deviation (RSD) of 5.14%. The sensor is more accessible compared to prior methods relying on expensive reagents and instruments and complex fabrication methods. Furthermore, the assay provided notable accuracy for monitoring these biomarkers in various human samples with recovery percentages ranging between 99.22% and 103.58%. By integrating microfluidic systems, nanosensing, and MIPs technology, our developed dPADs hold significant potential as a cost-effective and user-friendly analytical method for point-of-care diagnostics (POC) of cytokine-related disorders. This concept can be further extended to developing diagnostic devices for other biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawin Khachornsakkul
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Ruben Del-Rio-Ruiz
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Lita Chheang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Wenxin Zeng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Sameer Sonkusale
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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Khachornsakkul K, Zeng W, Sonkusale S. Distance-based paper analytical devices integrated with molecular imprinted polymers for Escherichia coli quantification. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:253. [PMID: 38592400 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06332-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The development of distance-based paper analytical devices (dPADs) integrated with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) to monitor Escherichia coli (E. coli) levels in food samples is presented. The fluidic workflow on the device is controlled using a designed hydrophilic bridge valve. Dopamine serves as a monomer for the formation of the E. coli-selective MIP layer on the dPADs. The detection principle relies on the inhibition of the E. coli toward copper (II) (Cu2+)-triggered oxidation of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) on the paper substrate. Quantitative detection is simply determined through visual observation of the residual yellow color of the OPD in the detection zone, which is proportional to E. coli concentration. The sensing exhibits a linear range from 25.0 to 1200.0 CFU mL-1 (R2 = 0.9992) and a detection limit (LOD) of 25.0 CFU mL-1 for E. coli detection. Additionally, the technique is highly selective with no interference even from the molecules that have shown to react with OPD to form oxidized OPD. The developed device demonstrates accuracy and precision for E. coli quantification in food samples with recovery percentages between 98.3 and 104.7% and the highest relative standard deviation (RSD) of 4.55%. T-test validation shows no significant difference in E. coli concentration measured between our method and a commercial assay. The proposed dPAD sensor has the potential for selective and affordable E. coli determination in food samples without requiring sample preparation. Furthermore, this strategy can be extended to monitor other molecules for which MIP can be developed and integrated into paper-microfluidic platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawin Khachornsakkul
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
| | - Wenxin Zeng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Sameer Sonkusale
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
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3
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Liu S, Zhao K, Shao C, Xu L, Cui X, Wang Y. Association between alkaline phosphatase to albumin ratio and mortality among patients with sepsis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3170. [PMID: 38326383 PMCID: PMC10850091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53384-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The alkaline phosphatase-to-albumin ratio (APAR) is correlated to worse prognosis in coronary artery disease, cancer, and acute renal failure. However, the relationship between APAR and sepsis prognosis has received little research. The content of this research was to investigate the prognostic relationship between APAR and sepsis. And validate the stability of the correlation in 90-days and 1-year mortality. Retrospective cohort research was conducted basing MIMIC-IV database (version 2.0). The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (Cl) were computed using multivariate Cox regression analysis. In addition, plots of survival curves and subgroup analyzes were conducted. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were also used. 9741 participants were included in this investigation. The 90-days mortality was 32.8%, and the 1-year mortality was 42.0%. After controlling for confounders, the adjusted HRs (95% CI) for tertile 2 (2.2-3.8) and tertile 3 (> 3.8) were 1.37 (1.25-1.51) and 1.74 (1.58-1.91), respectively. The Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed a higher probability of 90-days death in the higher APAR group. The area under the curve (AUC) of APAR was 0.674 and could reach 0.709 after combining the Oxford Acute Severity of Illness Score (OASIS). This study demonstrates that APAR is significantly related to bad clinical outcomes in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Information Network Management Office, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Chunhong Shao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Lulu Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Xianglun Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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Yang D, Hu C, Zhang H, Geng S. Recent Developments in Paper-Based Sensors with Instrument-Free Signal Readout Technologies (2020-2023). BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:36. [PMID: 38248413 PMCID: PMC10812998 DOI: 10.3390/bios14010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Signal readout technologies that do not require any instrument are essential for improving the convenience and availability of paper-based sensors. Thanks to the remarkable progress in material science and nanotechnology, paper-based sensors with instrument-free signal readout have been developed for multiple purposes, such as biomedical detection, environmental pollutant tracking, and food analysis. In this review, the developments in instrument-free signal readout technologies for paper-based sensors from 2020 to 2023 are summarized. The instrument-free signal readout technologies, such as distance-based signal readout technology, counting-based signal readout technology, text-based signal readout technology, as well as other transduction technologies, are briefly introduced, respectively. On the other hand, the applications of paper-based sensors with instrument-free signal readout technologies are summarized, including biomedical analysis, environmental analysis, food analysis, and other applications. Finally, the potential and difficulties associated with the advancement of paper-based sensors without instruments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Yang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China;
| | - Chengju Hu
- Health Management Center, The Affiliated Dazu Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402360, China;
| | - Hao Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China;
| | - Shan Geng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Dazu Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402360, China
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Liu W, Yao Y, Liu Q, Chen X. Photothermal hydrogel-integrated paper-based point-of-care platform for visible distance-readout of glucose. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1285:342035. [PMID: 38057044 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The accurate detection of glucose and cholesterol plays a pivotal role in disease diagnosis and home care. To this end, biochemical analyzers have become extensively utilized tools for measuring disease biomarkers. Nonetheless, their poor portability and high cost have restricted their accessibility, limiting their use to laboratory settings and hindering the adoption of point-of-care testing (POCT). In contrast, the emergence of portable and affordable paper-based testing platform has revolutionized diagnostic testing by providing distance signals, enhancing intuitiveness and visual accessibility. Consequently, these platforms have become increasingly suitable for POCT. RESULTS We have developed a POCT platform that integrated AuNS@Ag, stimulus-responsive hydrogel and test strips, enabling visual distance reading of glucose. The silver-coated AuNS and enzyme were encapsulated within a temperature-responsive N-isopropylacrylamide-acrylamide (NIPAM-AcAm) hydrogel to act as target recognition and reaction units respectively. Glucose can diffuse freely within the hydrogel porous matrix, thereby instigating enzyme-catalyzed reaction that induce alterations in the photothermal effect of the system. This dynamic process ensures efficient and responsive modulation of the system's photothermal properties. By ingeniously capturing distance signals induced by the photothermal effect-mediated water release the visualization and quantification of target substances are achieved, with a linear range spanning from 0 to 30 mM. The consistency between distance-based POCT platform and commercial blood glucose meter demonstrates that the platform provides a portable, affordable and reliable method for visual reading biomarkers. SIGNIFICANCE The proposed strategy enables direct, visual quantitative analysis of the target without the need for additional analytical instruments. Particularly, this method holds significant promise as an efficient platform for cholesterol and other disease markers measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yao Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
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Math C, Income K, Khachornsakkul K, Duenchay P, Dungchai W. A sensitive and facile electrochemical paper-based sensor for glucose detection in whole blood using the Pd/CB-Ni@rGO modified electrode. Analyst 2023; 148:4753-4761. [PMID: 37655604 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00879g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
We created novel Pd/CB-Ni@rGO nanomaterials for glucose detection. The as-synthesized nanomaterials were dropped on the electrode surface using the drop casting technique. The prepared electrode was then attached to a paper-based device containing the sample zone and the reaction zone, enabling plasma isolation and an enzymatic reaction for glucose detection in whole blood. The nanomaterials and surfaces of electrodes were characterized by FTIR, TEM, and SEM. The proposed approach is a disposable glucose detection method that is unaffected by protein fouling on the electrode, and it requires only one drop of human blood. Therefore, there is no need for extensive sample preparation, and there is less sample consumption. Under optimal conditions, Pd/CB-Ni@rGO can accurately measure blood glucose levels with a linear range of 7 to 7140 μM (R2 = 0.9986) and a low detection limit of 0.82 μM. Besides, the developed sensor shows excellent anti-interference capacity, stability, and satisfactory reproducibility and repeatability. Importantly, Pd/CB-Ni@rGO was successfully applied for glucose in whole blood from 4 volunteers, with results that correlated well with those obtained using an Accucheck glucometer at a 95% confidence level. Given its low cost, high accuracy, and ease of use, the blood glucose sensor holds significant potential for clinical use and broadens the area of future noninvasive sensor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chim Math
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.
| | - Kamolwich Income
- Office of Primary Industries and Mines, Region 3, Ministry of Industry, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kawin Khachornsakkul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Paweenar Duenchay
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Manufacturing Engineering, and Chemical Processes and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pathumwan Institute of Technology, 833 Rama 1Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Wijitar Dungchai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.
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Al-Jaf SH, Omer KM. Accuracy improvement via novel ratiometry design in distance-based microfluidic paper based analytical device: instrument-free point of care testing. RSC Adv 2023; 13:15704-15713. [PMID: 37228680 PMCID: PMC10204734 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01601c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing accurate, precise, instrument-free, and point-of-need microfluidic paper-based devices is highly significant in clinical diagnosis and biomedical analysis. In the present work, a ratiometric distance-based microfluidic paper-based analytical device (R-DB-μPAD), along with a three-dimensional (3D) multifunctional connector (spacer), was designed to improve the accuracy and detection resolution analyses. Specifically, the novel R-DB-μPAD was used for the accurate and precise detection of ascorbic acid (AA) as a model analyte. In this design, two channels were fabricated as detection zones, with a 3D spacer located between the sampling and detection zones to improve the detection resolution by preventing the reagents mixing from overspreading between these zones. Two probes for AA were used: Fe3+ and 1,10-phenanthroline were deposited in the first channel, and oxidized 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (oxTMB) was added to the second channel. Accuracy improvement of this ratiometry-based design was achieved by enhancing the linearity range and reducing the volume dependency of the output signal. Moreover, the 3D connector improved the detection resolution by eliminating the systematic errors. Under the optimal conditions, the ratio of the distances of the color bands in the two channels was used to construct an analytical calibration curve in the range from 0.05 to 1.2 mM, with a limit of detection of 16 μM. The proposed R-DB-μPAD combined with the connector was successfully used for the detection of AA in orange juice and vitamin C tablets with satisfactory accuracy and precision. This work opens the door for multiplex analysis of various analytes in different matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah H Al-Jaf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani 46002 Sulaimani City Kurdistan Region Iraq
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Garmian Darbandikhan Road 46021 Kalar City Sulaimaniyah Province Iraq
| | - Khalid M Omer
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani 46002 Sulaimani City Kurdistan Region Iraq
- Center of Biomedical Analysis, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani 46002 Sulaimani City Kurdistan Region Iraq
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Liu J, Bi Y, Tai W, Wei Y, Zhang Q, Liu A, Hu Q, Yu L. The development of a paper-based distance sensor for the detection of Pb 2+ assisted with the target-responsive DNA hydrogel. Talanta 2023; 257:124344. [PMID: 36801758 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to the serious risks of lead pollution to human health, it plays a great role in constructing a simple, inexpensive, portable, and user-friendly strategy for Pb2+ detection in environmental samples. Herein, a paper-based distance sensor is developed to detect Pb2+ assisted with the target-responsive DNA hydrogel. Pb2+ can activate DNAzyme to cleave its substrate strand, which results in the hydrolysis of the DNA hydrogel. The released water molecules trapped in the hydrogel can flow along the patterned pH paper due to the capillary force. The water flow distance (WFD) is significantly influenced by the amount of water released from the collapsed DNA hydrogel triggered by the addition of various Pb2+ concentrations. In this way, Pb2+ can be quantitatively detected without using specialized instruments and labeled molecules, and the limit of detection (LOD) of Pb2+ is 3.0 nM. Additionally, the Pb2+ sensor works well in lake water and tap water. Overall, this simple, inexpensive, portable, and user-friendly method is very promising for quantitative and in-field detection of Pb2+ with excellent sensitivity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yanhui Bi
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, 19 Keyuan Street, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Wenjun Tai
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yong Wei
- Zhongtuo Biomedical Co., Ltd., Linyi, 276017, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Zhongtuo Biomedical Co., Ltd., Linyi, 276017, China
| | - Anna Liu
- Zhongtuo Biomedical Co., Ltd., Linyi, 276017, China
| | - Qiongzheng Hu
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, 19 Keyuan Street, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China.
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Khan M, Zhao B, Wu W, Zhao M, Bi Y, Hu Q. Distance-based microfluidic assays for instrument-free visual point-of-care testing. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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10
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Specific unlocking of the butterfly effect: nanointerface-based electrochemical biosensing of adenosine triphosphate and alkaline phosphatase. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-022-01789-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Lomae A, Preechakasedkit P, Teekayupak K, Panraksa Y, Yukird J, Chailapakul O, Ruecha N. Microfluidic Paper-Based Device for Medicinal Diagnosis. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:CTMC-EPUB-127355. [PMID: 36330618 DOI: 10.2174/1568026623666221103103211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The demand for point-of-care testing (POCT) devices has rapidly grown since they offer immediate test results with ease of use, makingthem suitable for home self-testing patients and caretakers. However, the POCT development has faced the challenges of increased cost and limited resources. Therefore, the paper substrate as a low-cost material has been employed to develop a cost-effective POCT device, known as "Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs)". This device is gaining attention as a promising tool for medicinal diagnostic applications owing to its unique features of simple fabrication, low cost, enabling manipulation flow (capillarydriven flow), the ability to store reagents, and accommodating multistep assay requirements. OBJECTIVE This review comprehensively examines the fabrication methods and device designs (2D/3D configuration) and their advantages and disadvantages, focusing on updated μPADs applications for motif identification. METHODS The evolution of paper-based devices, starting from the traditional devices of dipstick and lateral flow assay (LFA) with μPADs, has been described. Patterned structure fabrication of each technique has been compared among the equipment used, benefits, and drawbacks. Microfluidic device designs, including 2D and 3D configurations, have been introduced as well as their modifications. Various designs of μPADs have been integrated with many powerful detection methods such as colorimetry, electrochemistry, fluorescence, chemiluminescence, electrochemiluminescence, and SER-based sensors for medicinal diagnosis applications. CONCLUSION The μPADs potential to deal with commercialization in terms of the state-of-the-art of μPADs in medicinal diagnosis has been discussed. A great prototype, which is currently in a reallife application breakthrough, has been updated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atchara Lomae
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pattarachaya Preechakasedkit
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kanyapat Teekayupak
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Yosita Panraksa
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Jutiporn Yukird
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nipapan Ruecha
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Phoonsawat K, Agir I, Dungchai W, Ozer T, Henry CS. A smartphone-assisted hybrid sensor for simultaneous potentiometric and distance-based detection of electrolytes. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1226:340245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Xu J, Liang C, Gao W, Gao Z, Wu Z, Song YY. Photocatalysis engineered hydrophilic reactors on hydrophobic paper for the visual and colorimetric assay of alkaline phosphatase activity. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:343. [PMID: 35999293 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05454-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Taking advantage of the intrinsic photocatalysis of TiO2, hydrophilic reactor arrays were lithographically patterned on a hydrophobic paper via a simple UV irradiation. As a proof-of-concept, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was used as the model analyte for colorimetric analysis. As ALP can induce hydrolysis of pyrophosphate-Zn(II) framework, the released Zn2+ ions are subsequently coordinated with red-colored zincon to form blue-colored zincon-Zn(II) chelate complex, and these color differences were applied for further colorimetric assay. The sensing platform showed response to ALP ranging from 20 ~ 800 U L-1 with a detection limit of 3 U L-1, and the recoveries of ALP in serum samples were in the range 95.7 ~ 104.5% with relative standard deviations from 2.10 to 3.84%. Additionally, the distinct wettability features of the proposed sensing platform effectively prevent lateral fluid spread out of hydrophilic reactors, thus allowing not only the use of minimum amount of analyte but it has also a high potential for simultaneous quantification of multiple samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Xu
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Chenchen Liang
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Weina Gao
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Zhida Gao
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Yan-Yan Song
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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Khachornsakkul K, Phuengkasem D, Palkuntod K, Sangkharoek W, Jamjumrus O, Dungchai W. A Simple Counting-Based Measurement for Paper Analytical Devices and Their Application. ACS Sens 2022; 7:2093-2101. [PMID: 35736786 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This work introduces the concept of a counting-based measurement on paper analytical devices (cPADs) to improve the utilization of numerous reactions. The design of cPADs consists of two layers of paper substrates; the first layer contains a central sample zone combined with a radial surrounded by 12 detection zones that are predeposited with the various reagents, and the second layer acts as a connection channel between the sample zone and each detection zone. The solution can vertically flow from the first to the second layer and then move through the area to each subsequent detection zone. The analyte level can be evaluated by counting the number of detection zones that change color from a blank signal. Furthermore, our cPADs exhibit a capability of implementation for a broad series of reactions. Compared to the dPAD technique, some reactions that are possibly difficult to apply in such devices can be wholly enabled in our devices. The final color reaction on cPADs can apparently occur due to its identity. We applied this technique to the monitoring of carbaryl (CBR) and copper ions (Cu2+) using different reactions, including azo-coupling and complexation, respectively. Accordingly, this indicates an excellent result validated using the more traditional methods. Our cPADs can be applied for rapid screening of both CBR and Cu2+ in water samples with outstanding accuracy and precision using a naked-eye measurement by a relatively unskilled person. We offer a simple platform on PADs for rapid screening, combining high cost-effectiveness within a miniaturized platform designed for use with onsite applications, which is thus suitable for several different reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawin Khachornsakkul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Prachautid Road, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Danai Phuengkasem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Prachautid Road, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Kitiya Palkuntod
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Prachautid Road, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Wuttichai Sangkharoek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Prachautid Road, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Opor Jamjumrus
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Prachautid Road, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Wijitar Dungchai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Prachautid Road, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
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Nuchtavorn N, Rypar T, Nedjl L, Vaculovicova M, Macka M. Distance-based detection in analytical flow devices: from gas detection tubes to microfluidic chips and microfluidic paper-based analytical devices. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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16
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Zhu Y, Tong X, Wei Q, Cai G, Cao Y, Tong C, Shi S, Wang F. 3D origami paper-based ratiometric fluorescent microfluidic device for visual point-of-care detection of alkaline phosphatase and butyrylcholinesterase. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 196:113691. [PMID: 34637993 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
On-site multiplex enzyme detection is crucial for diagnosis, therapeutics and prognostic. To date, it is still a daunting challenge to develop portable, low-cost, and efficient multi-enzyme detection methods. Herein, a novel sample-in-result-out platform integrating ratiometric fluorescent assays with 3D origami microfluidic paper-based device (μPAD) was developed for simultaneous visual point-of-care testing (POCT) of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Cascade catalytic reaction with the same two fluorescent signal indicators was rationally designed to ratiometric fluorescent detection of ALP and BChE: substrate of ALP (pyrophosphate) and product of BChE (thiocholine) can strongly complex with Cu2+, Cu2+ oxidizes o-phenylenediamine to fluorescent 2,3-diaminophenazine (oxOPD) (emission, 565 nm), oxOPD quenches the fluorescence of carbon dots (CDs, emission at 445 nm) via inner filter effect, thus oxOPD/CDs values are relevant to ALP and BChE activities. Then 3D origami μPAD composing of four layers and two parallel channels was fabricated and simply prepared by one-step plotting with black oil-based marker and specific metal molds. After simple folding and unfolding neighboring layers to sequentially initiate reactions of pre-loaded reagents, fluorescent images on the detection zone can be captured by smartphone and analyzed by red-green-blue software for quantitative analysis. Under optimal conditions, the proposed platform was successfully performed to detect ALP and BChE with activity difference at 3 orders of magnitude in human serum samples without any pretreatment procedures. Excellent selectivity, good precision, favorable linear range, and high accuracy were exhibited. Importantly, the platform opens a promising horizon for high-throughput POCT of multiplex biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Under Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xia Tong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Qisheng Wei
- Natural Product Research Laboratory, Guangxi Baise High-tech Development Zone, Baise, 533612, Guangxi, China
| | - Guihan Cai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanxin Cao
- Natural Product Research Laboratory, Guangxi Baise High-tech Development Zone, Baise, 533612, Guangxi, China
| | - Chaoying Tong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Shuyun Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Under Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China; Natural Product Research Laboratory, Guangxi Baise High-tech Development Zone, Baise, 533612, Guangxi, China.
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Under Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
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