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Gafar MA, Omolo CA, Elhassan E, Ibrahim UH, Govender T. Applications of peptides in nanosystems for diagnosing and managing bacterial sepsis. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:40. [PMID: 38637839 PMCID: PMC11027418 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis represents a critical medical condition stemming from an imbalanced host immune response to infections, which is linked to a significant burden of disease. Despite substantial efforts in laboratory and clinical research, sepsis remains a prominent contributor to mortality worldwide. Nanotechnology presents innovative opportunities for the advancement of sepsis diagnosis and treatment. Due to their unique properties, including diversity, ease of synthesis, biocompatibility, high specificity, and excellent pharmacological efficacy, peptides hold great potential as part of nanotechnology approaches against sepsis. Herein, we present a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the applications of peptides in nanosystems for combating sepsis, with the potential to expedite diagnosis and enhance management outcomes. Firstly, sepsis pathophysiology, antisepsis drug targets, current modalities in management and diagnosis with their limitations, and the potential of peptides to advance the diagnosis and management of sepsis have been adequately addressed. The applications have been organized into diagnostic or managing applications, with the last one being further sub-organized into nano-delivered bioactive peptides with antimicrobial or anti-inflammatory activity, peptides as targeting moieties on the surface of nanosystems against sepsis, and peptides as nanocarriers for antisepsis agents. The studies have been grouped thematically and discussed, emphasizing the constructed nanosystem, physicochemical properties, and peptide-imparted enhancement in diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy. The strengths, limitations, and research gaps in each section have been elaborated. Finally, current challenges and potential future paths to enhance the use of peptides in nanosystems for combating sepsis have been deliberately spotlighted. This review reaffirms peptides' potential as promising biomaterials within nanotechnology strategies aimed at improving sepsis diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Gafar
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, P.O. Box 1996, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Calvin A Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa.
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, United States International University-Africa, P. O. Box 14634-00800, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Eman Elhassan
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Usri H Ibrahim
- Discipline of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa.
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Ren Y, Cao L, Jiao R, Zhang X, Zhao HY, Liang Z, Li G, Ling N, Ye Y. "Five birds one stone" tri-modal monitoring driven lab-on-magnetic aptasensor for accurate pathogen detection and enhanced germicidal application. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 248:115991. [PMID: 38169279 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The effective combination of ultra-precise detection and on-demand sterilization stands out as one of the most valuable antifouling methods to combat pathogenic bacteria source and ensure the environment and food safety. Herein, an innovative "five birds one stone" aptasensor has been reported. It integrates magnetic separation, tri-modal precision detection, and efficient sterilization for monitoring of Staphylococcus aureus. Firstly, as a switch of the aptasensor, aptamer-modified potassium chloride-doped carbon dots (apt/KCl@CDs) could be adsorbed onto the surface of magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotube composites (M-MWCNTs) through π-π stacking, which could be replaced by the specific binding of the target bacteria to the aptamer. The mutual interference between the nanomaterials could be eliminated by this reverse magnetosorption strategy, enhancing the test sensitivity. In addition to the fluorescence properties, the peroxidase activity possessed by apt/KCl@CDs enables the conversion of the (3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine) TMB-H2O2 colorimetric system to a photothermal modal. Then, the ultra-precision detection in the assay was achieved by the fluorescence-colorimetric-photothermal tri-modal sensing from the formation of S. aureus-apt/KCl@CDs in the supernatant. Besides, the efficient sterilization could be ensured by adsorbing the apt/KCl@CDs on the surface of S. aureus, generating toxic •OH for direct attacking cells. This was the first report that was more beneficial for bacterial eradication. The detection limits of fluorescence, colorimetric and photothermal modals were 4.81 cfu/mL, 3.40 cfu/mL and 6.74 cfu/mL, respectively. The magnetic nanoplatform integrating tri-modal detection-sterilization meets the demand for highly sensitive and precise detection in different scenarios, providing immediate control for pathogens and broad application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Ren
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Lulu Cao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Rui Jiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xiyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Hong Yuan Zhao
- Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Zhao Liang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Na Ling
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
| | - Yingwang Ye
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
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Pan F, Altenried S, Scheibler S, Ren Q. A rapid and specific antimicrobial resistance detection of Escherichia coli via magnetic nanoclusters. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:3011-3023. [PMID: 38230693 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05463b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Drinking water contamination, often caused by bacteria, leads to substantial numbers of diarrhea deaths each year, especially in developing regions. Human urine as a source of fertilizer, when handled improperly, can contaminate drinking water. One dominant bacterial pathogen in urine is Escherichia coli, which can trigger serious waterborne/foodborne diseases. Considering the prevalence of the multi-drug resistant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli, a rapid detection method for resistance is highly desired. In this work, we developed a method for quick identification of E. coli and, at the same time, capable of removal of general bacterial pathogens from human urine. A specific peptide GRHIFWRRGGGHKVAPR, reported to have a strong affinity to E. coli, was utilized to modify the PEGylated magnetic nanoclusters, resulting in a specific capture and enrichment of E. coli from the bacteria-spiked artificial urine. Subsequently, a novel luminescent probe was applied to rapidly identify the antimicrobial resistance of the collected E. coli within 30 min. These functionalized magnetic nanoclusters demonstrate a promising prospect to rapidly detect ESBL E. coli in urine and contribute to reducing drinking water contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Pan
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Stefanie Altenried
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Subas Scheibler
- Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Process Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Particles Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Qun Ren
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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Pan F, Altenried S, Scheibler S, Anthis AHC, Ren Q. Specific capture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for rapid detection of antimicrobial resistance in urinary tract infections. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 222:114962. [PMID: 36495723 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most predominant microbial diseases, leading to substantial healthcare burdens and threatening human well-being. UTIs can become more critical when caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, particularly by antimicrobial-resistant types. Thereby a rapid diagnosis and identification of the antimicrobial-resistant P. aeruginosa can support and guide an efficient medication and an effective treatment toward UTIs. Herein, we designed a platform for prompt purification, and effective identification of P. aeruginosa to combat the notorious P. aeruginosa associated UTIs. A peptide (QRKLAAKLT), specifically binding to P. aeruginosa, was grafted onto PEGylated magnetic nanoclusters and enabled a successful capture and enrichment of P. aeruginosa from artificial human urine. Rapid identification of antimicrobial resistance of the enriched P. aeruginosa can be moreover accomplished within 30 min. These functionalized magnetic nanoclusters demonstrate a prominent diagnostic potential to combat P. aeruginosa associated UTIs, which can be extended to other P. aeruginosa involved infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Pan
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Stefanie Altenried
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Subas Scheibler
- Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Process Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland; Laboratory for Particles Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre H C Anthis
- Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Process Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland; Laboratory for Particles Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Qun Ren
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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