1
|
Miyagawa A, Nakatani K. Kinetic detection of hydrogen peroxide in single horseradish peroxidase-concentrated silica particle using confocal fluorescence microspectroscopic measurement. Talanta 2024; 273:125925. [PMID: 38527412 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, we propose a scheme for detecting H2O2 by using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) adsorbed onto single silica particles and fluorescence microspectroscopy. When the silica particles were immersed in an HRP solution, the HRP concentration in the silica particles increased by a factor of 690 compared to that in the bulk aqueous solution because HRP was adsorbed on the silica surface. When a single particle containing HRP was added to a mixed solution of H2O2 and Amplex Red, fluorescence from resorufin, which was produced by the reaction of HRP, H2O2, and Amplex Red, was observed. The fluorescence from the resorufin in the particles increased after a single particle was added to the solution, and the release of resorufin was observed. As the concentration of H2O2 (CH2O2) decreased, the time it takes for fluorescence intensity to reach its maximum was shorter. The detection limit for H2O2 in the present system was 980 nM. The reaction behavior of a single silica particle was evaluated using a spherical diffusion model, which explains the approximate concentration change of resorufin in the silica particle. The proposed method has the advantages of simple sample preparation and detection, low sample consumption, and a short detection time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihisa Miyagawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Kiyoharu Nakatani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Depauw A, Jonusauskaite L, Ghasemi R, Lefevre JP, Mongin C, Génot V, Delaire J, Leray I. A Highly Sensitive and Selective Optical Sensor for the On-Line Detection of Cesium in Water. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:7826. [PMID: 37765882 PMCID: PMC10534878 DOI: 10.3390/s23187826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have undertaken the development of two fluorescent sensors based on calixarene compounds for the purpose of detecting cesium in water. By introducing the sulfonate functional groups, we have considerably improved the water solubility of sensors, enabling complete dissolution of products in aqueous media and direct analysis of polluted water samples. Through rigorous experiments, we have demonstrated that the complexation of Cs+ ions with sensors 1 and 2 in water leads to a remarkable enhancement of fluorescence. This fluorescence enhancement serves as a reliable indication of cesium presence and allows for sensitive detection. To further advance the practical application of our sensors, we have successfully integrated calixarene sensors 1 and 2 into a microfluidic sensor chip. This integration has enabled real-time, on-line measurements and has resulted in the development of a portable detection device capable of detecting cesium ions in water samples at parts per billion (ppb) levels. This device holds great promise for environmental monitoring and assessment, providing a convenient and efficient solution for cesium detection. Our work represents a significant advancement in the field of cesium detection, displaying the efficacy of calixarene-based fluorescent sensors and their integration into microfluidic systems. The enhanced water solubility, fluorescence response, and portability of our detection device offers tremendous potential for applications in environmental monitoring, water quality assessment, and emergency response scenarios where rapid and accurate cesium detection is crucial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Depauw
- CNRS, Photophysique et Photochimie Supramoléculaires et Macromoléculaires, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (A.D.); (L.J.); (C.M.); (V.G.); (J.D.)
| | - Laura Jonusauskaite
- CNRS, Photophysique et Photochimie Supramoléculaires et Macromoléculaires, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (A.D.); (L.J.); (C.M.); (V.G.); (J.D.)
| | - Rasta Ghasemi
- Institut d’Alembert—FR 3242, ENS Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
| | - Jean-Pierre Lefevre
- CNRS, Photophysique et Photochimie Supramoléculaires et Macromoléculaires, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (A.D.); (L.J.); (C.M.); (V.G.); (J.D.)
| | - C. Mongin
- CNRS, Photophysique et Photochimie Supramoléculaires et Macromoléculaires, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (A.D.); (L.J.); (C.M.); (V.G.); (J.D.)
| | - Valérie Génot
- CNRS, Photophysique et Photochimie Supramoléculaires et Macromoléculaires, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (A.D.); (L.J.); (C.M.); (V.G.); (J.D.)
| | - Jacques Delaire
- CNRS, Photophysique et Photochimie Supramoléculaires et Macromoléculaires, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (A.D.); (L.J.); (C.M.); (V.G.); (J.D.)
| | - Isabelle Leray
- CNRS, Photophysique et Photochimie Supramoléculaires et Macromoléculaires, ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (A.D.); (L.J.); (C.M.); (V.G.); (J.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nair VR, Shanthil M, Sandeep K, Savitha KU, Archana A, Deepamol V, Swetha C, Vaishag PV. Quantum Dot-Based Fluorometric Sensor for Hg(II) in Water Customizable for Onsite Visual Detection. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:29468-29474. [PMID: 37599930 PMCID: PMC10433339 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
An easy naked-eye detection technique for mercuric ions in water using silanized quantum dots is demonstrated. Cadmium selenide quantum dots were synthesized and rendered water soluble by silica overcoating. The quantum dot emission was instantly turned off by the mercuric ions in the analyte, enabling visual detection. The emission quenching was associated with a concomitant bathochromic shift, both in the absorption and emission profiles. The underlying mechanism is a permanent surface modification of quantum dots by mercuric ions, altering the electronic structure and, in turn, the photophysical properties. The results confirmed the potential of this simple system to be customized for on-site visual detection of mercury contamination in water bodies, biological fluids, and soil with high selectivity and sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinayakan Ramachandran Nair
- Department
of Chemistry (Research Center under MG University, Kerala), NSS Hindu College (Nationally Accredited with “A”
Grade), Changanacherry 686102, Kerala, India
- Chemical
Sciences and Technology Division, National
Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST-CSIR), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Madhavan Shanthil
- Department
of Chemistry, Government Victoria College, Research Center under University of Calicut, Palakkad 678001, Kerala, India
| | - Kulangara Sandeep
- Department
of Chemistry, Government Victoria College, Research Center under University of Calicut, Palakkad 678001, Kerala, India
| | - Kadencheeri Unnikrishnan Savitha
- Department
of Chemistry (Research Center under MG University, Kerala), NSS Hindu College (Nationally Accredited with “A”
Grade), Changanacherry 686102, Kerala, India
| | - Aravind Archana
- Aravind
Archana—Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS, Chennai 602105, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Varghese Deepamol
- PG
Department of Chemistry, Alphonsa College, Pala 686 574, Kerala, India
| | - Chengat Swetha
- Department
of Chemistry, St. Thomas College, Ranni 689673, Kerala, India
| | - Pushpalatha Vijayakumar Vaishag
- Department
of Chemistry, Government Victoria College, Research Center under University of Calicut, Palakkad 678001, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qi H, Xiao L, Wu J, Lv L, Hu X, Zhuang Y, Liu X, Zhao W, You F, Zhang J, Zheng L. One-step and real-time detection of Hg 2+ in brown rice flour using a biosensor integrated with AC electrothermal enrichment. Food Chem 2023; 416:135823. [PMID: 36893644 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg2+) is one of the most toxic heavy metals in farm products, so rapid detection of trace Hg2+ has always been sought after with high interest. Herein, we report a biosensor to specifically recognize Hg2+ in leaching solutions of brown rice flour. This sensor is simple and of low cost, with a very short assay time of 30 s. Another merit is the ultra-low limit of detection (LOD) at fM level. In addition, the specific aptamer probe realizes a good selectivity above 105: 1 against the interferences. This sensor is developed based on an aptamer-modified gold electrode array (GEA) for capacitive sensing. Alternating current electrothermal (ACET) enrichment is induced during the AC capacitance acquirement. Thus, the enrichment and detection are coupled as a single step, and pre-concentration is needless. Owing to the sensing mechanism of solid-liquid interfacial capacitance and ACET enrichment, Hg2+ level can be sensitively and rapidly reflected. Also, the sensor has a wide linear range from 1 fM to 0.1 nM and a shelf life of 15 days. This biosensor shows advantages on overall performance, enabling easy-to-operate, real-time, and large-scale Hg2+ detection in farm products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haochen Qi
- College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Lei Xiao
- College of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jayne Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
| | - Li Lv
- College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Youyi Zhuang
- College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xiaoru Liu
- School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 999015, Ireland
| | - Wenci Zhao
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Fangshuo You
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Burnage SC, Bell J, Wan W, Kislenko E, Rurack K. Combining a hybrid chip and tube microfluidic system with fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) core-shell particles for the derivatisation, extraction, and detection of peptides with N-terminating phosphorylated tyrosine. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:466-474. [PMID: 36655759 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00955b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The reliable identification and quantitation of phosphorylated amino acids, peptides and proteins is one of the key challenges in contemporary bioanalytical research, an area of particular interest when attempting to diagnose and treat diseases at an early stage. We have developed a synthetic probe for targeting phosphorylated amino acids, based on core-shell submicron-sized particles consisting of a silica core, coated with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) shell. The MIP layer contains a fluorescent probe crosslinker which binds selectively to phosphorylated tyrosine (pY) moieties with a significant imprinting factor (IF) and responds with a "light-up" fluorescence signal. The bead-based ratiometric detection scheme has been successfully transferred to a microfluidic chip format and its applicability to rapid assays has been exemplarily shown by discriminating a pY-terminating oligopeptide against its non-phosphorylated counterpart. Such miniaturised devices could lead to an automated pY or pY N-terminated peptide measurement system in the future. The setup combines a modular microfluidic system for amino acid derivatisation, extraction (by micropillar co-flow) and selective adsorption and detection with the fluorescent MIP core-shell particle probes. A miniaturised optical assembly for low-light fluorescence measurements was also developed, based on miniaturised opto-electronic parts and optical fibres. The emission from the MIP particles upon binding of pY or pY N-terminated peptides could be monitored in real-time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samual C Burnage
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jérémy Bell
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Wei Wan
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Evgeniia Kislenko
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Knut Rurack
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Raveendran AV, Sankeerthana P, Jayaraj A, Chinna Ayya Swamy P. Recent Developments on BODIPY Based Chemosensors for the Detection of Group IIB Metal ions. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
7
|
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles in Chemical Detection: From Small Species to Large Bio-Molecules. SENSORS 2021; 22:s22010261. [PMID: 35009801 PMCID: PMC8749741 DOI: 10.3390/s22010261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A recompilation of applications of mesoporous silica nanoparticles in sensing from the last five years is presented. Its high potential, especially as hybrid materials combined with organic or bio-molecules, is shown. Adding to the multiplying effect of loading high amounts of the transducer into the pores, the selectivity attained by the interaction of the analyte with the layer decorating the material is described. Examples of the different methodologies are presented.
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution of water has become a global issue and is especially problematic in some developing countries. Heavy metals are toxic to living organisms, even at very low concentrations. Therefore, effective and reliable heavy metal detection in environmental water is very important. Current laboratory-based methods used for analysis of heavy metals in water require sophisticated instrumentation and highly trained technicians, making them unsuitable for routine heavy metal monitoring in the environment. Consequently, there is a growing demand for autonomous detection systems that could perform in situ or point-of-use measurements. Microfluidic detection systems, which are defined by their small size, have many characteristics that make them suitable for environmental analysis. Some of these advantages include portability, high sample throughput, reduced reagent consumption and waste generation, and reduced production cost. This review focusses on developments in the application of microfluidic detection systems to heavy metal detection in water. Microfluidic detection strategies based on optical techniques, electrochemical techniques, and quartz crystal microbalance are discussed.
Collapse
|
9
|
Climent E, Hecht M, Rurack K. Loading and Release of Charged and Neutral Fluorescent Dyes into and from Mesoporous Materials: A Key Role for Sensing Applications. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12030249. [PMID: 33671037 PMCID: PMC7997199 DOI: 10.3390/mi12030249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the efficiency of loading and release of several zwitterionic, neutral, anionic and cationic dyes into/from mesoporous nanoparticles to find the optimum loading and release conditions for their application in detection protocols. The loading is carried out for MCM-41 type silica supports suspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer (pH 7.4) or in acetonitrile, involving the dyes (rhodamine B chloride, rhodamine 101 chloride, rhodamine 101 perchlorate, rhodamine 101 inner salt, meso-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-boron–dipyrromethene (BODIPY), sulforhodamine B sodium salt and fluorescein 27). As a general trend, rhodamine-based dyes are loaded with higher efficiency, when compared with BODIPY and fluorescein dyes. Between the rhodamine-based dyes, their charge and the solvent in which the loading process is carried out play important roles for the amount of cargo that can be loaded into the materials. The delivery experiments carried out in PBS buffer at pH 7.4 reveal for all the materials that anionic dyes are more efficiently released compared to their neutral or cationic counterparts. The overall best performance is achieved with the negatively charged sulforhodamine B dye in acetonitrile. This material also shows a high delivery degree in PBS buffer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Estela Climent
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (M.H.); (K.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mandy Hecht
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (M.H.); (K.R.)
- CodeCheck GmbH, Gneisenaustraße 115, 10961 Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Rurack
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und Prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany; (M.H.); (K.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tobias C, Climent E, Gawlitza K, Rurack K. Polystyrene Microparticles with Convergently Grown Mesoporous Silica Shells as a Promising Tool for Multiplexed Bioanalytical Assays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:207-218. [PMID: 33348979 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Functional core/shell particles are highly sought after in analytical chemistry, especially in methods suitable for single-particle analysis such as flow cytometry because they allow for facile multiplexed detection of several analytes in a single run. Aiming to develop a powerful bead platform of which the core particle can be doped in a straightforward manner while the shell offers the highest possible sensitivity when functionalized with (bio)chemical binders, polystyrene particles were coated with different kinds of mesoporous silica shells in a convergent growth approach. Mesoporous shells allow us to obtain distinctly higher surface areas in comparison with conventional nonporous shells. While assessing the potential of narrow- as well as wide-pore silicas such as Mobil composition of matter no. 41 (MCM-41) and Santa Barbara amorphous material no. 15 (SBA-15), especially the synthesis of the latter shells that are much more suitable for biomolecule anchoring was optimized by altering the pH and both, the amount and type of the mediator salt. Our studies showed that the best performing material resulted from a synthesis using neutral conditions and MgSO4 as an ionic mediator. The analytical potential of the particles was investigated in flow cytometric DNA assays after their respective functionalization for individual and multiplexed detection of short oligonucleotide strands. These experiments revealed that a two-step modification of the silica surface with amino silane and succinic anhydride prior to coupling of an amino-terminated capture DNA (c-DNA) strand is superior to coupling carboxylic acid-terminated c-DNA to aminated core/shell particles, yielding limits of detection (LOD) down to 5 pM for a hybridization assay, using labeled complementary single-stranded target DNA (t-DNA) 15mers. The potential of the use of the particles in multiplexed analysis was shown with the aid of dye-doped core particles carrying a respective SBA-15 shell. Characteristic genomic sequences of human papillomaviruses (HPV) were chosen as the t-DNA analytes here, since their high relevance as carcinogens and the high number of different pathogens is a relevant model case. The title particles showed a promising performance and allowed us to unequivocally detect the different high- and low-risk HPV types in a single experimental run.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Tobias
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Estela Climent
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kornelia Gawlitza
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Rurack
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jiang H, Sun B, Jin Y, Feng J, Zhu H, Wang L, Zhang S, Yang Z. A Disposable Multiplexed Chip for the Simultaneous Quantification of Key Parameters in Water Quality Monitoring. ACS Sens 2020; 5:3013-3018. [PMID: 32660234 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
On-site simultaneous quantification of multiple contaminants in a water body is challenging, especially for parameters requiring complicated chemical reactions to measure such as Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, and phosphate. A novel disposable multiplexed microfluidic device has been developed herein that allows the quantitative detection of up to five parameters at once. Solid reagent rather than commonly used liquid reagent was used to ensure long shelf life, and a "flow to dissolve" mechanism was provided accordingly for the thorough dissolution and mixing of a solid reagent on chip. Samples from river water and industrial wastewater were tested using the microfluidic chip, showing less than 15% deviation from results acquired with the traditional standard method. The test time though was only 1/6 of that required by the traditional method. In addition, the feasibility of using a smartphone to collect the colorimetric signal was discussed, and a data analysis method was provided for quantification purposes. The combination of the multiplexed chip and smartphone imaging provides a convenient and practical way to obtain accurate information on the water quality within a short period of time without the use of any sophisticated instruments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiyun Jiang
- SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering, 339th Songling Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Bing Sun
- SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering, 339th Songling Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals, 218 Yan’an third Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Junjie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals, 218 Yan’an third Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering, 339th Songling Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lin Wang
- SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering, 339th Songling Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Shucai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals, 218 Yan’an third Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering, 339th Songling Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tillo A, Bartelmess J, Chauhan VP, Bell J, Rurack K. Microfluidic Device for the Determination of Water Chlorination Levels Combining a Fluorescent meso-Enamine Boron Dipyrromethene Probe and a Microhydrocyclone for Gas Bubble Separation. Anal Chem 2019; 91:12980-12987. [PMID: 31525031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chlorination procedures are commonly applied in swimming pool water and wastewater treatment, yet also in food, pharmaceutical, and paper production. The amount of chlorine in water needs to be strictly controlled to ensure efficient killing of pathogens but avoid the induction of negative health effects. Miniaturized microfluidic fluorescence sensors are an appealing approach here when aiming at online or at-site measurements. Two meso-enamine-substituted boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes were found to exhibit favorable indication properties, their reaction with hypochlorite leading to strong fluorescence enhancement. Real-time assays became possible after integration of these fluorescent probes with designed two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) microfluidic chips, incorporating a passive sinusoidal mixer and a microhydrocyclone, respectively. A comparison of the two microfluidic systems, including their abilities to prevent accumulation or circulation of microbubbles produced by the chemical indication reaction, showed excellent fluidic behavior for the microhydrocyclone-based device. After coupling to a miniaturized optical reader for fluorescence detection, the 2D microfluidic system showed a promising detection range of 0.04-0.5 mg L-1 while still being prone to bubble-induced fluctuations and suffering from considerably low signal gain. The microhydrocyclone-based system was distinctly more robust against gas bubbles, showed a higher signal gain, and allowed us to halve the limit of detection to 0.02 mg L-1. The use of the 3D system to quantify the chlorine content of swimming pool water samples for sensitive and quantitative chlorine monitoring was demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Tillo
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs , Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Grunwaldzka 6 , 60-780 Poznan , Poland
| | - Juergen Bartelmess
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division , Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung , Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Vraj P Chauhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur , 721302 , West Bengal , India
| | - Jérémy Bell
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division , Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung , Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Knut Rurack
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division , Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung , Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bartelmess J, Valderrey V, Rurack K. Development of a "Turn-on" Fluorescent Probe-Based Sensing System for Hydrogen Sulfide in Liquid and Gas Phase. Front Chem 2019; 7:641. [PMID: 31616654 PMCID: PMC6763594 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A “turn-on” fluorescence sensing system based on a BODIPY-cobaloxime complex for the detection of H2S in liquid and gas phase was developed. To that aim, two cobaloxime complexes bearing an axial pyridyl-BODIPY ligand were initially evaluated as sensitive fluorescent HS− indicators in aqueous solution. The sensing mechanism involves the selective substitution of the BODIPY ligand by the HS− anion at the cobalt center, which is accompanied by a strong fluorescence enhancement. The selection of a complex with an ideal stability and reactivity profile toward HS− relied on the optimal interaction between the cobalt metal-center and two different pyridyl BODIPY ligands. Loading the best performing BODIPY-cobaloxime complex onto a polymeric hydrogel membrane allowed us to study the selectivity of the probe for HS− against different anions and cysteine. Successful detection of H2S by the fluorescent “light-up” membrane was not only accomplished for surface water but could also be demonstrated for relevant H2S concentrations in gas phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juergen Bartelmess
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
| | - Virginia Valderrey
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Rurack
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Climent E, Hecht M, Witthuhn H, Gawlitza K, Rurack K. Mix-&-Read Determination of Mercury(II) at Trace Levels with Hybrid Mesoporous Silica Materials Incorporating Fluorescent Probes by a Simple Mix-&-Load Technique. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:957-968. [PMID: 30534510 PMCID: PMC6280557 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and application of mesoporous materials containing boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) moieties that allow the sensitive and selective detection of HgII in aqueous environments by fluorescence enhancement is reported. For this purpose, BODIPY dye I containing a thia-aza crown ether receptor as the fluorescent probe for the detection of HgII in aqueous environments is encapsulated into mesoporous materials to avoid self-quenching or aggregation in water. Determination of HgII is accomplished within a few seconds with high selectivity and sensitivity, reaching a limit of detection of 12 ppt. The determination of trace amounts of HgII in natural waters and in fish extracts is demonstrated by using our sensing material. The incorporation of the material into several μ-PAD strips yields a portable, cheap, quick, and easy-to-handle tool for trace HgII analysis in water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Estela Climent
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference MaterialsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Richard-Willstätter-Str. 1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Mandy Hecht
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference MaterialsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Richard-Willstätter-Str. 1112489BerlinGermany
- Current address: CodeCheck GmbHGneisenaustraße 11510961BerlinGermany
| | - Heike Witthuhn
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference MaterialsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Richard-Willstätter-Str. 1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Kornelia Gawlitza
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference MaterialsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Richard-Willstätter-Str. 1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Knut Rurack
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference MaterialsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Richard-Willstätter-Str. 1112489BerlinGermany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abdelshafi NA, Bell J, Rurack K, Schneider RJ. Microfluidic electrochemical immunosensor for the trace analysis of cocaine in water and body fluids. Drug Test Anal 2018; 11:492-500. [PMID: 30286276 DOI: 10.1002/dta.2515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Quick but accurate testing and on-the-spot monitoring of cocaine in oral fluids and urine continues to be an important toxicological issue. In terms of drug testing, a number of devices have been introduced into the market in recent decades, notably for workplace inspection or roadside testing. However, these systems do not always fulfill the requirements in terms of reliability, especially when low cut-off levels are required. With respect to surface water, the presence of anthropogenic small organic molecules such as prescription and over-the-counter pharmaceuticals as well as illicit drugs like cannabinoids, heroin, or cocaine, has become a challenge for scientists to develop new analytical tools for screening and on-site analysis because many of them serve as markers for anthropogenic input and consumer behavior. Here, a modular approach for the detection of cocaine is presented, integrating an electrochemical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) performed on antibody-grafted magnetic beads in a hybrid microfluidic sensor utilizing flexible tubing, static chip and screen-printed electrode (SPE) elements for incubation, recognition, and cyclic voltammetry measurements. A linear response of the sensor vs. the logarithm of cocaine concentration was obtained with a limit of detection of 0.15 ng/L. Within an overall assay time of 25 minutes, concentrations down to 1 ng/L could be reliably determined in water, oral fluids, and urine, the system possessing a dynamic working range up to 1 mg/L.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nahla A Abdelshafi
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung and -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof (SALSA), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jérémy Bell
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung and -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Rurack
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung and -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rudolf J Schneider
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung and -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Park M, Seo TS. An integrated microfluidic device with solid-phase extraction and graphene oxide quantum dot array for highly sensitive and multiplex detection of trace metal ions. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 126:405-411. [PMID: 30471565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
An integrated microfluidic device, consisting of a solid-phase extraction (SPE) unit for metal ion pretreatment, a micropump, a micromixer, and a detachable graphene oxide quantum dot (GOQD) array chip was constructed for selective and sensitive detection of As3+, Cd2+, and Pb2+. The entire process could be sequentially and automatically completed by actuating a pneumatic micropump. Effect of the pH for metal ion capture and pumping scheme for recovery efficiency were investigated on a chip. The ion As3+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ whose concentrations ranged from 10-2 µM to 102 µM were successfully recovered with high efficiency over 80%. Monoplex and multiplex detection of As3+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ were then executed on a GOQD array chip. The target metal ions were specifically captured on the DNA aptamer linked GOQD array, which results in the fluorescence quenching of GOQD due to the electron transfer from the GOQD to metal ions under the laser irradiation. The proposed integrated SPE-GOQD array based microdevice could perform As3+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ detection with detection limits of 5.03 nM, 41.1 nM, and 4.44 nM, respectively. Simultaneous multiplex detection for binary or ternary mixture of As3+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ was performed, and the proposed integrated microdevice also showed high recovery values ranging from 83.52% to 128.3% from the environmental samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minsu Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Seok Seo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1 Seochon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Climent E, Hecht M, Witthuhn H, Gawlitza K, Rurack K. Mix-&-Read Determination of Mercury(II) at Trace Levels with Hybrid Mesoporous Silica Materials Incorporating Fluorescent Probes by a Simple Mix-&-Load Technique. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:709-720. [PMID: 30214851 PMCID: PMC6129944 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and application of mesoporous materials containing boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) moieties that allow the sensitive and selective detection of HgII in aqueous environments by fluorescence enhancement is reported. For this purpose, BODIPY dye I containing a thia-aza crown ether receptor as the fluorescent probe for the detection of HgII in aqueous environments is encapsulated into mesoporous materials to avoid self-quenching or aggregation in water. Determination of HgII is accomplished within a few seconds with high selectivity and sensitivity, reaching a limit of detection of 12 ppt. The determination of trace amounts of HgII in natural waters and in fish extracts is demonstrated by using our sensing material. The incorporation of the material into several μ-PAD strips yields a portable, cheap, quick, and easy-to-handle tool for trace HgII analysis in water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Estela Climent
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference MaterialsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Richard-Willstätter-Str. 1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Mandy Hecht
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference MaterialsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Richard-Willstätter-Str. 1112489BerlinGermany
- Current address: CodeCheck GmbHGneisenaustraße 11510961BerlinGermany
| | - Heike Witthuhn
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference MaterialsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Richard-Willstätter-Str. 1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Kornelia Gawlitza
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference MaterialsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Richard-Willstätter-Str. 1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Knut Rurack
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Reference MaterialsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Richard-Willstätter-Str. 1112489BerlinGermany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kim KM, Nam YS, Lee Y, Lee KB. A Highly Sensitive and Selective Colorimetric Hg 2+ Ion Probe Using Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized with Polyethyleneimine. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2018; 2018:1206913. [PMID: 29629208 PMCID: PMC5832139 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1206913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A highly sensitive and selective colorimetric assay for the detection of Hg2+ ions was developed using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated with polyethyleneimine (PEI). The Hg2+ ion coordinates with PEI, decreasing the interparticle distance and inducing aggregation. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry showed that the Hg2+ ion was bound to the nitrogen atoms of the PEI in a bidentate manner (N-Hg2+-N), which resulted in a significant color change from light red to violet due to aggregation. Using this PEI-AuNP probe, determination of Hg2+ ion can be achieved by the naked eye and spectrophotometric methods. Pronounced color change of the PEI-AuNPs in the presence of Hg2+ was optimized at pH 7.0, 50°C, and 300 mM·NaCl concentration. The absorption intensity ratio (A700/A514) was correlated with the Hg2+ concentration in the linear range of 0.003-5.0 μM. The limits of detection were measured to be 1.72, 1.80, 2.00, and 1.95 nM for tap water, pond water, tuna fish, and bovine serum, respectively. Owing to its facile and sensitive nature, this assay method for Hg2+ ions can be applied to the analysis of water and biological samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Min Kim
- Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14 gil 5, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, P.O. Box 145, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sik Nam
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14 gil 5, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhee Lee
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14 gil 5, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Bong Lee
- Green City Technology Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14 gil 5, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zulkifli SN, Rahim HA, Lau WJ. Detection of contaminants in water supply: A review on state-of-the-art monitoring technologies and their applications. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2018; 255:2657-2689. [PMID: 32288249 PMCID: PMC7126548 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2017.09.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Water monitoring technologies are widely used for contaminants detection in wide variety of water ecology applications such as water treatment plant and water distribution system. A tremendous amount of research has been conducted over the past decades to develop robust and efficient techniques of contaminants detection with minimum operating cost and energy. Recent developments in spectroscopic techniques and biosensor approach have improved the detection sensitivities, quantitatively and qualitatively. The availability of in-situ measurements and multiple detection analyses has expanded the water monitoring applications in various advanced techniques including successful establishment in hand-held sensing devices which improves portability in real-time basis for the detection of contaminant, such as microorganisms, pesticides, heavy metal ions, inorganic and organic components. This paper intends to review the developments in water quality monitoring technologies for the detection of biological and chemical contaminants in accordance with instrumental limitations. Particularly, this review focuses on the most recently developed techniques for water contaminant detection applications. Several recommendations and prospective views on the developments in water quality assessments will also be included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Herlina Abdul Rahim
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Woei-Jye Lau
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wan W, Descalzo AB, Shinde S, Weißhoff H, Orellana G, Sellergren B, Rurack K. Ratiometric Fluorescence Detection of Phosphorylated Amino Acids Through Excited-State Proton Transfer by Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) Recognition Nanolayers. Chemistry 2017; 23:15974-15983. [PMID: 28869685 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A 2,3-diaminophenazine bis-urea fluorescent probe monomer (1) was developed. It responds to phenylphosphate and phosphorylated amino acids in a ratiometric fashion with enhanced fluorescence accompanied by the development of a redshifted emission band arising from an excited-state proton transfer (ESPT) process in the hydrogen-bonded probe/analyte complex. The two urea groups of 1 form a cleft-like binding pocket (Kb >1010 L2 mol-2 for 1:2 complex). Imprinting of 1 in presence of ethyl ester- and fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-protected phosphorylated tyrosine (Fmoc-pTyr-OEt) as the template, methacrylamide as co-monomer, and ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate as cross-linker gave few-nanometer-thick molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) shells on silica core microparticles with excellent selectivity for the template in a buffered biphasic assay. The supramolecular recognition features were established by spectroscopic and NMR studies. Rational screening of co-monomers and cross-linkers allowed to single out the best performing MIP components, giving significant imprinting factors (IF>3.5) while retaining ESPT emission and the ratiometric response in the thin polymer shell. Combination of the bead-based detection scheme with the phase-transfer assay dramatically improved the IF to 15.9, allowing sensitive determination of the analyte directly in aqueous media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wan
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ana B Descalzo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sudhirkumar Shinde
- Department of Biomedical Science, Malmö University, 20506, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Hardy Weißhoff
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Guillermo Orellana
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Börje Sellergren
- Department of Biomedical Science, Malmö University, 20506, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Knut Rurack
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pol R, Céspedes F, Gabriel D, Baeza M. Microfluidic lab-on-a-chip platforms for environmental monitoring. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
22
|
Gotor R, Ashokkumar P, Hecht M, Keil K, Rurack K. Optical pH Sensor Covering the Range from pH 0-14 Compatible with Mobile-Device Readout and Based on a Set of Rationally Designed Indicator Dyes. Anal Chem 2017; 89:8437-8444. [PMID: 28696681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a family of pH-responsive fluorescent probes has been designed in a rational manner with the aid of quantum chemistry tools, covering the entire pH range from 0-14. Relying on the boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) core, all the probes as well as selected reference dyes display very similar spectroscopic properties with ON-OFF fluorescence switching responses, facilitating optical readout in simple devices used for detection and analysis. Embedding of the probes and reference dyes into hydrogel spots on a plastic strip yielded a test strip that reversibly indicates pH with a considerably small uncertainty of ∼0.1 pH units. These strips are not only reusable but, combined with a 3D-printed case that can be attached to a smartphone, the USB port of which drives the integrated LED used for excitation, allows for autonomous operation in on-site or in-the-field applications; the developed Android application software ("app") further simplifies operation for unskilled users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Gotor
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) , Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pichandi Ashokkumar
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) , Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mandy Hecht
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) , Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin Keil
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) , Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Rurack
- Chemical and Optical Sensing Division, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) , Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Integrating fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) sensor particles with a modular microfluidic platform for nanomolar small-molecule detection directly in aqueous samples. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 99:244-250. [PMID: 28772227 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent sensory MIP (molecularly imprinted polymer) particles were combined with a droplet-based 3D microfluidic system for the selective determination of a prototype small-molecule analyte of environmental concern, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or 2,4-D, at nanomolar concentration directly in water samples. A tailor-made fluorescent indicator cross-linker was thus designed that translates the binding event directly into an enhanced fluorescence signal. The phenoxazinone-type cross-linker was co-polymerized into a thin MIP layer grafted from the surface of silica microparticles following a RAFT (reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer) polymerization protocol. While the indicator cross-linker outperformed its corresponding monomer twin, establishment of a phase-transfer protocol was essential to guarantee that the hydrogen bond-mediated signalling mechanism between the urea binding site on the indicator cross-linker and the carboxylate group of the analyte was still operative upon real sample analysis. The latter was achieved by integration of the fluorescent core-shell MIP sensor particles into a modular microfluidic platform that allows for an in-line phase-transfer assay, extracting the analyte from aqueous sample droplets into the organic phase that contains the sensor particles. Real-time fluorescence determination of 2,4-D down to 20nM was realized with the system and applied for the analysis of various surface water samples collected from different parts of the world.
Collapse
|