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Galvan D, Aquino A, Effting L, Mantovani ACG, Bona E, Conte-Junior CA. E-sensing and nanoscale-sensing devices associated with data processing algorithms applied to food quality control: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:6605-6645. [PMID: 33779434 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1903384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Devices of human-based senses such as e-noses, e-tongues and e-eyes can be used to analyze different compounds in several food matrices. These sensors allow the detection of one or more compounds present in complex food samples, and the responses obtained can be used for several goals when different chemometric tools are applied. In this systematic review, we used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, to address issues such as e-sensing with chemometric methods for food quality control (FQC). A total of 109 eligible articles were selected from PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Thus, we predicted that the association between e-sensing and chemometric tools is essential for FQC. Most studies have applied preliminary approaches like exploratory analysis, while the classification/regression methods have been less investigated. It is worth mentioning that non-linear methods based on artificial intelligence/machine learning, in most cases, had classification/regression performances superior to non-liner, although their applications were seen less often. Another approach that has generated promising results is the data fusion between e-sensing devices or in conjunction with other analytical techniques. Furthermore, some future trends in the application of miniaturized devices and nanoscale sensors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Galvan
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriano Aquino
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciane Effting
- Chemistry Department, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Evandro Bona
- Post-Graduation Program of Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal University of Technology Paraná (UTFPR), Campo Mourão, PR, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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2
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Neto MP, Soares AC, Oliveira ON, Paulovich FV. Machine Learning Used to Create a Multidimensional Calibration Space for Sensing and Biosensing Data. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mário Popolin Neto
- Federal Institute of São Paulo (IFSP), 14804-296 Araraquara, Brazil
- Institute of Mathematics and Computer Sciences (ICMC), University of São Paulo (USP), 13566-590 São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Andrey Coatrini Soares
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo N. Oliveira
- São Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), 13566-590 São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Fernando V. Paulovich
- Institute of Mathematics and Computer Sciences (ICMC), University of São Paulo (USP), 13566-590 São Carlos, Brazil
- Faculty of Computer Science (FCS), Dalhousie University (DAL), B3H 4R2 Nova Scotia, Canada
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3
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Braunger ML, Fier I, Shimizu FM, de Barros A, Rodrigues V, Riul A. Influence of the Flow Rate in an Automated Microfluidic Electronic Tongue Tested for Sucralose Differentiation. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:s20216194. [PMID: 33143197 PMCID: PMC7662545 DOI: 10.3390/s20216194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating electronic tongues into microfluidic devices brings benefits as dealing with small amounts of sample/discharge. Nonetheless, such measurements may be time-consuming in some applications once they require several operational steps. Here, we designed four collinear electrodes on a single printed circuit board, further comprised inside a straight microchannel, culminating in a robust e-tongue device for faster data acquisition. An analog multiplexing circuit automated the signal's routing from each of the four sensing units to an impedance analyzer. Both instruments and a syringe pump are controlled by dedicated software. The automated e-tongue was tested with four Brazilian brands of liquid sucralose-based sweeteners under 20 different flow rates, aiming to systematically evaluate the influence of the flow rate in the discrimination among sweet tastes sold as the same food product. All four brands were successfully distinguished using principal component analysis of the raw data, and despite the nearly identical sucralose-based taste in all samples, all brands' significant distinction is attributed to small differences in the ingredients and manufacturing processes to deliver the final food product. The increasing flow rate improves the analyte's discrimination, as the silhouette coefficient reaches a plateau at ~3 mL/h. We used an equivalent circuit model to evaluate the raw data, finding a decrease in the double-layer capacitance proportional to improvements in the samples' discrimination. In other words, the flow rate increase mitigates the formation of the double-layer, resulting in faster stabilization and better repeatability in the sensor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L. Braunger
- Department of Applied Physics, “Gleb Wataghin” Institute of Physics (IFGW), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas SP 13083-859, Brazil; (M.L.B.); (F.M.S.); (V.R.)
| | - Igor Fier
- Quantum Design Latin America, Campinas SP 13080-655, Brazil;
| | - Flávio M. Shimizu
- Department of Applied Physics, “Gleb Wataghin” Institute of Physics (IFGW), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas SP 13083-859, Brazil; (M.L.B.); (F.M.S.); (V.R.)
| | - Anerise de Barros
- Laboratory of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemistry (IQ), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas SP 13083-970, Brazil;
| | - Varlei Rodrigues
- Department of Applied Physics, “Gleb Wataghin” Institute of Physics (IFGW), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas SP 13083-859, Brazil; (M.L.B.); (F.M.S.); (V.R.)
| | - Antonio Riul
- Department of Applied Physics, “Gleb Wataghin” Institute of Physics (IFGW), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas SP 13083-859, Brazil; (M.L.B.); (F.M.S.); (V.R.)
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4
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Nicoliche CYN, de Oliveira RAG, da Silva GS, Ferreira LF, Rodrigues IL, Faria RC, Fazzio A, Carrilho E, de Pontes LG, Schleder GR, Lima RS. Converging Multidimensional Sensor and Machine Learning Toward High-Throughput and Biorecognition Element-Free Multidetermination of Extracellular Vesicle Biomarkers. ACS Sens 2020; 5:1864-1871. [PMID: 32597643 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a frontier class of circulating biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of different diseases. These lipid structures afford various biomarkers such as the concentrations of the EVs (CV) themselves and carried proteins (CP). However, simple, high-throughput, and accurate determination of these targets remains a key challenge. Herein, we address the simultaneous monitoring of CV and CP from a single impedance spectrum without using recognizing elements by combining a multidimensional sensor and machine learning models. This multidetermination is essential for diagnostic accuracy because of the heterogeneous composition of EVs and their molecular cargoes both within the tumor itself and among patients. Pencil HB cores acting as electric double-layer capacitors were integrated into a scalable microfluidic device, whereas supervised models provided accurate predictions, even from a small number of training samples. User-friendly measurements were performed with sample-to-answer data processing on a smartphone. This new platform further showed the highest throughput when compared with the techniques described in the literature to quantify EVs biomarkers. Our results shed light on a method with the ability to determine multiple EVs biomarkers in a simple and fast way, providing a promising platform to translate biofluid-based diagnostics into clinical workflows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Y. N. Nicoliche
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A. G. de Oliveira
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Giulia S. da Silva
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Larissa F. Ferreira
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Ian L. Rodrigues
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo C. Faria
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Fazzio
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
- Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Carrilho
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Letícia G. de Pontes
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Gabriel R. Schleder
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
- Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Renato S. Lima
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
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5
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Mejía-Salazar JR, Rodrigues Cruz K, Materón Vásques EM, Novais de Oliveira Jr. O. Microfluidic Point-of-Care Devices: New Trends and Future Prospects for eHealth Diagnostics. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E1951. [PMID: 32244343 PMCID: PMC7180826 DOI: 10.3390/s20071951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Point-of-care (PoC) diagnostics is promising for early detection of a number of diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, in addition to serving for monitoring health conditions. To be efficient and cost-effective, portable PoC devices are made with microfluidic technologies, with which laboratory analysis can be made with small-volume samples. Recent years have witnessed considerable progress in this area with "epidermal electronics", including miniaturized wearable diagnosis devices. These wearable devices allow for continuous real-time transmission of biological data to the Internet for further processing and transformation into clinical knowledge. Other approaches include bluetooth and WiFi technology for data transmission from portable (non-wearable) diagnosis devices to cellphones or computers, and then to the Internet for communication with centralized healthcare structures. There are, however, considerable challenges to be faced before PoC devices become routine in the clinical practice. For instance, the implementation of this technology requires integration of detection components with other fluid regulatory elements at the microscale, where fluid-flow properties become increasingly controlled by viscous forces rather than inertial forces. Another challenge is to develop new materials for environmentally friendly, cheap, and portable microfluidic devices. In this review paper, we first revisit the progress made in the last few years and discuss trends and strategies for the fabrication of microfluidic devices. Then, we discuss the challenges in lab-on-a-chip biosensing devices, including colorimetric sensors coupled to smartphones, plasmonic sensors, and electronic tongues. The latter ones use statistical and big data analysis for proper classification. The increasing use of big data and artificial intelligence methods is then commented upon in the context of wearable and handled biosensing platforms for the Internet of things and futuristic healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamilla Rodrigues Cruz
- National Institute of Telecommunications (Inatel), 37540-000 Santa Rita do Sapucaí, MG, Brazil;
| | - Elsa María Materón Vásques
- Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo, P.O. Box 369, 13560-970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil; (E.M.M.V.); (O.N.d.O.J.)
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos, CP 676, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo Novais de Oliveira Jr.
- Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo, P.O. Box 369, 13560-970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil; (E.M.M.V.); (O.N.d.O.J.)
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A Microfluidic E-Tongue System Using Layer-by-Layer Films Deposited onto Interdigitated Electrodes Inside a Polydimethylsiloxane Microchannel. Methods Mol Biol 2020. [PMID: 31309478 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9616-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
An electronic tongue (e-tongue) is a multisensory system employed in the analysis of liquid samples, transforming the raw data into specific recognition patterns through computational and statistical analysis. Distinct types of e-tongues have been reported in the literature, with a plethora of applications in several areas of research. Recently, e-tongues have been integrated into microfluidic devices, which offer advantages such as the use of continuous flow for faster and more accurate analysis, and reduction in size of the devices and volumes for sampling and discharge, which in turn reduces waste and cost. Here we describe the procedures and methodologies recently used in our research group in the development of a microfluidic e-tongue sensing system.
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7
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Nicoliche CYN, Costa GF, Gobbi AL, Shimizu FM, Lima RS. Pencil graphite core for pattern recognition applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4623-4626. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01595g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A new concept of pattern sensors based on ready-to-use sensing probes has been designed towards low-cost and rapid sample recognition applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel Floriano Costa
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia
- São Paulo 13083-970
- Brazil
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas
| | | | | | - Renato Sousa Lima
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia
- São Paulo 13083-970
- Brazil
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas
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8
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Martucci DH, Todão FR, Shimizu FM, Fukudome TM, Schwarz SDF, Carrilho E, Gobbi AL, Oliveira ON, Lima RS. Auxiliary electrode oxidation for naked-eye electrochemical determinations in microfluidics: Towards on-the-spot applications. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.08.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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9
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de Oliveira RAG, Nicoliche CYN, Pasqualeti AM, Shimizu FM, Ribeiro IR, Melendez ME, Carvalho AL, Gobbi AL, Faria RC, Lima RS. Low-Cost and Rapid-Production Microfluidic Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitors for Fast and Sensitive Breast Cancer Diagnosis. Anal Chem 2018; 90:12377-12384. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A. G. de Oliveira
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Caroline Y. N. Nicoliche
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Anielli M. Pasqualeti
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Flavio M. Shimizu
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Iris R. Ribeiro
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Matias E. Melendez
- Centro de Pesquisa em Oncologia Molecular, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, São Paulo 14784-400, Brasil
| | - André L. Carvalho
- Centro de Pesquisa em Oncologia Molecular, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, São Paulo 14784-400, Brasil
| | - Angelo L. Gobbi
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Ronaldo C. Faria
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brasil
| | - Renato S. Lima
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
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10
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Paulovich FV, De Oliveira MCF, Oliveira ON. A Future with Ubiquitous Sensing and Intelligent Systems. ACS Sens 2018; 3:1433-1438. [PMID: 30004210 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we discuss the relevance of sensing and biosensing for the ongoing revolution in science and technology as a product of the merging of machine learning and Big Data into affordable technologies and accessible everyday products. Possible scenarios for the next decades are described with examples of intelligent systems for various areas, most of which will rely on ubiquitous sensing. The technological and societal challenges for developing the full potential of such intelligent systems are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando V. Paulovich
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Goldberg Computer Science Building, 6050 University Avenue, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Computing, University of São Paulo, CP 668, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Osvaldo N. Oliveira
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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11
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Giordano GF, Vieira LCS, Gobbi AL, Kubota LT, Lima RS. Gravity-assisted distillation on a chip: Fabrication, characterization, and applications. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1033:128-136. [PMID: 30172318 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Distillation is widely used in industrial processes and laboratories for sample pre-treatment. The conventional apparatus of flash distillation is composed of heating source, distilling flask, condenser, and receiving flask. As disadvantages, this method shows manual and laborious analyses with high consumption of chemicals. In this paper, all these limitations were addressed by developing a fully integrated microscale distiller in agreement with the apparatus of conventional flash distillation. The main challenge facing the distillation miniaturization is the phase separation since surface forces take over from the gravity in microscale channels. Otherwise, our chip had ability to perform gravity-assisted distillations because of the somewhat large dimensions of the distillation chamber (roughly 900 μL) that was obtained by 3D-printing. The functional distillation units were integrated into a single device composed of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Its fabrication was cost-effective and simple by avoiding the use of cleanroom and bonding step. In addition to user-friendly analysis and low consumption of chemicals, the method requires cost-effective instrumentation, namely, voltage supply and analytical balance. Furthermore, the so called distillation-on-a-chip (DOC) eliminates the use of membranes and electrodes (usually employed in microfluidic desalinations reported in the literature), thus avoiding drawbacks such as liquid leakage, membrane fouling, and electrode passivation. The DOC promoted desalinations at harsh salinity (NaCl 600.0 mmol L-1) with high throughput and salt removal efficiency (roughly 99%). Besides, the method was used for determination of ethanol in alcoholic beverages to show the potential of the approach toward quantitative purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Furlan Giordano
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa Em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Luis Carlos Silveira Vieira
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa Em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Angelo Luiz Gobbi
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa Em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Lauro Tatsuo Kubota
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Renato Sousa Lima
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNano), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa Em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil.
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12
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Gaál G, da Silva TA, Gaál V, Hensel RC, Amaral LR, Rodrigues V, Riul A. 3D Printed e-Tongue. Front Chem 2018; 6:151. [PMID: 29774211 PMCID: PMC5943488 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, one of the biggest issues addressed to electronic sensor fabrication is the build-up of efficient electrodes as an alternative way to the expensive, complex and multistage processes required by traditional techniques. Printed electronics arises as an interesting alternative to fulfill this task due to the simplicity and speed to stamp electrodes on various surfaces. Within this context, the Fused Deposition Modeling 3D printing is an emerging, cost-effective and alternative technology to fabricate complex structures that potentiates several fields with more creative ideas and new materials for a rapid prototyping of devices. We show here the fabrication of interdigitated electrodes using a standard home-made CoreXY 3D printer using transparent and graphene-based PLA filaments. Macro 3D printed electrodes were easily assembled within 6 min with outstanding reproducibility. The electrodes were also functionalized with different nanostructured thin films via dip-coating Layer-by-Layer technique to develop a 3D printed e-tongue setup. As a proof of concept, the printed e-tongue was applied to soil analysis. A control soil sample was enriched with several macro-nutrients to the plants (N, P, K, S, Mg, and Ca) and the discrimination was done by electrical impedance spectroscopy of water solution of the soil samples. The data was analyzed by Principal Component Analysis and the 3D printed sensor distinguished clearly all enriched samples despite the complexity of the soil chemical composition. The 3D printed e-tongue successfully used in soil analysis encourages further investments in developing new sensory tools for precision agriculture and other fields exploiting the simplicity and flexibility offered by the 3D printing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Gaál
- Applied Physics Department, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Vladimir Gaál
- Applied Physics Department, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rafael C Hensel
- Applied Physics Department, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Lucas R Amaral
- School of Agricultural Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Varlei Rodrigues
- Applied Physics Department, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Antonio Riul
- Applied Physics Department, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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13
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Shimizu FM, Pasqualeti AM, Todão FR, de Oliveira JFA, Vieira LCS, Gonçalves SPC, da Silva GH, Cardoso MB, Gobbi AL, Martinez DST, Oliveira ON, Lima RS. Monitoring the Surface Chemistry of Functionalized Nanomaterials with a Microfluidic Electronic Tongue. ACS Sens 2018; 3:716-726. [PMID: 29424231 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Advances in nanomaterials have led to tremendous progress in different areas with the development of high performance and multifunctional platforms. However, a relevant gap remains in providing the mass-production of these nanomaterials with reproducible surfaces. Accordingly, the monitoring of such materials across their entire life cycle becomes mandatory to both industry and academy. In this paper, we use a microfluidic electronic tongue (e-tongue) as a user-friendly and cost-effective method to classify nanomaterials according to their surface chemistry. The chip relies on a new single response e-tongue with association of capacitors in parallel, which consisted of stainless steel microwires coated with SiO2, NiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 thin films. Utilizing impedance spectroscopy and a multidimensional projection technique, the chip was sufficiently sensitive to distinguish silica nanoparticles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes dispersed in water in spite of the very small surface modifications induced by distinct functionalization and oxidation extents, respectively. Flow analyses were made acquiring the analytical readouts in a label-free mode. The device also allowed for multiplex monitoring in an unprecedented way to speed up the tests. Our goal is not to replace the traditional techniques of surface analysis, but rather propose the use of libraries from e-tongue data as benchmark for routine screening of modified nanomaterials in industry and academy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio M. Shimizu
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo 13560-970, Brasil
| | - Anielli M. Pasqualeti
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Fagner R. Todão
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Jessica F. A. de Oliveira
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Luis C. S. Vieira
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Suely P. C. Gonçalves
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Gabriela H. da Silva
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13416-000, Brasil
| | - Mateus B. Cardoso
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Angelo L. Gobbi
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
| | - Diego S. T. Martinez
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13416-000, Brasil
| | - Osvaldo N. Oliveira
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo 13560-970, Brasil
| | - Renato S. Lima
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brasil
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14
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Soares AC, Soares JC, Shimizu FM, Rodrigues VDC, Awan IT, Melendez ME, Piazzetta MHO, Gobbi AL, Reis RM, Fregnani JHTG, Carvalho AL, Oliveira ON. A simple architecture with self-assembled monolayers to build immunosensors for detecting the pancreatic cancer biomarker CA19-9. Analyst 2018; 143:3302-3308. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00430g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Film architecture for the immunosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Coatrini Soares
- São Carlos Institute of Physics
- University of São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
- Department of Materials Engineering
| | | | - Flavio Makoto Shimizu
- São Carlos Institute of Physics
- University of São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory
| | | | - Iram Taj Awan
- São Carlos Institute of Physics
- University of São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | | | | | - Angelo Luiz Gobbi
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials
- Campinas
- Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center
- Barretos Cancer Hospital
- Barretos
- Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS)
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