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Sanmartín-Matalobos J, Bermejo-Barrera P, Aboal-Somoza M, Fondo M, García-Deibe AM, Corredoira-Vázquez J, Alves-Iglesias Y. Semiconductor Quantum Dots as Target Analytes: Properties, Surface Chemistry and Detection. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142501. [PMID: 35889725 PMCID: PMC9318497 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of Quantum Dots (QDs) by Alexey I. Ekimov in 1981, the interest of researchers in that particular type of nanomaterials (NMs) with unique optical and electrical properties has been increasing year by year. Thus, since 2009, the number of scientific articles published on this topic has not been less than a thousand a year. The increasing use of QDs due to their biomedical, pharmaceutical, biological, photovoltaics or computing applications, as well as many other high-tech uses such as for displays and solid-state lighting (SSL), has given rise to a considerable number of studies about its potential toxicity. However, there are a really low number of reported studies on the detection and quantification of QDs, and these include ICP–MS and electrochemical analysis, which are the most common quantification techniques employed for this purpose. The knowledge of chemical phenomena occurring on the surface of QDs is crucial for understanding the interactions of QDs with species dissolved in the dispersion medium, while it paves the way for a widespread use of chemosensors to facilitate its detection. Keeping in mind both human health and environmental risks of QDs as well as the scarcity of analytical techniques and methodological approaches for their detection, the adaptation of existing techniques and methods used with other NMs appears necessary. In order to provide a multidisciplinary perspective on QD detection, this review focused on three interrelated key aspects of QDs: properties, surface chemistry and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Sanmartín-Matalobos
- Coordination and Supramolecular Chemistry Group (SupraMetal), Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Materials (iMATUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.F.); (J.C.-V.); (Y.A.-I.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.-M.); (A.M.G.-D.)
| | - Pilar Bermejo-Barrera
- Trace Element, Speciation and Spectroscopy Group (GETEE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Materials (iMATUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (P.B.-B.); (M.A.-S.)
| | - Manuel Aboal-Somoza
- Trace Element, Speciation and Spectroscopy Group (GETEE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Materials (iMATUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (P.B.-B.); (M.A.-S.)
| | - Matilde Fondo
- Coordination and Supramolecular Chemistry Group (SupraMetal), Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Materials (iMATUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.F.); (J.C.-V.); (Y.A.-I.)
| | - Ana M. García-Deibe
- Coordination and Supramolecular Chemistry Group (SupraMetal), Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Materials (iMATUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.F.); (J.C.-V.); (Y.A.-I.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.-M.); (A.M.G.-D.)
| | - Julio Corredoira-Vázquez
- Coordination and Supramolecular Chemistry Group (SupraMetal), Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Materials (iMATUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.F.); (J.C.-V.); (Y.A.-I.)
| | - Yeneva Alves-Iglesias
- Coordination and Supramolecular Chemistry Group (SupraMetal), Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Materials (iMATUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.F.); (J.C.-V.); (Y.A.-I.)
- Trace Element, Speciation and Spectroscopy Group (GETEE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Materials (iMATUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (P.B.-B.); (M.A.-S.)
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O’Neill SW, Krauss TD. Synthetic Mechanisms in the Formation of SnTe Nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6251-6260. [PMID: 35348326 PMCID: PMC9011400 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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Infrared active colloidal
semiconducting nanocrystals (NCs) are
important for applications including photodetectors and photovoltaics.
While much research has been conducted on nanocrystalline materials
such as the Pb and Hg chalcogenides, less toxic alternatives such
as SnTe have been far less explored. Previous synthetic work on SnTe
NCs have characterized photophysical properties of the nanoparticles.
This study focuses on understanding the fundamental chemical mechanisms
involved in SnTe NC formation, with the aim to improve synthetic outcomes.
The solvent oleylamine, common to all SnTe syntheses, is found to
form a highly reactive, heteroleptic Sn-oleylamine precursor that
is the primary molecular Sn species initiating NC formation and growth.
Further, the capping ligand oleic acid (OA) reacts with this amine
to produce tin oxide (SnOx), facilitating
the formation of an NC SnOx shell. Therefore,
the use of OA during synthesis is counterproductive to the formation
of stoichiometric SnTe nanoparticles. The knowledge of chemical reaction
mechanisms creates a foundation for the production of high-quality,
unoxidized, and stoichiometric SnTe NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean W. O’Neill
- Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, 4011 Wegmans Hall, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Todd D. Krauss
- Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, 4011 Wegmans Hall, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 404 Hutchison Hall, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
- Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, 480 Intercampus Drive, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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Xiao LL, Wang N, Zheng B, Yu JM, Yu JP, Wang H, Xu Q, Cheng FF, Xiong WW. Using highly reactive tellurium precursors to synthesize organic hybrid indium-tellurides. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Feng Y, Chang H, Liu Y, Guo N, Liu J, Xiao L, Li L. Ultralow dark current infrared photodetector based on SnTe quantum dots beyond 2 μm at room temperature. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:195602. [PMID: 33477127 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abde64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are promising materials used for room temperature mid-infrared (MIR) photodetector due to their solution processing, compatibility with silicon and tunability of band structure. Up to now, HgTe QDs is the most widely studied material for MIR detection. However, photodetectors assembled with HgTe QDs usually work under cryogenic cooling to improve photoelectric performance, greatly limiting their application at room temperature. Here, less-toxic SnTe QDs were controllably synthesized with high crystallinity and uniformity. Through proper ligand exchange and annealing treatment, the photoconductive device assembled with SnTe QDs demonstrated ultralow dark current and broadband photo-electric response from visible light to 2 μm at room temperature. In addition, the visible and near infrared photo-electric performance of the SnTe QDs device were well maintained even standing 15 d in air. This excellent performance was due to the effective protection of the ligand on surface of the QDs and the effective transport of photo-carriers between the SnTe interparticles. It would provide a new idea for environmentally friendly mid-IR photodetectors working at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
- Nanophotonics and Optoelectronics Research Center, Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Huicong Chang
- Nanophotonics and Optoelectronics Research Center, Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingbo Liu
- Lishen Power Battery System Co. Ltd, Tianjin Binhai Hi-Tech Industrial Development Area, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Guo
- Nanophotonics and Optoelectronics Research Center, Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Junku Liu
- Nanophotonics and Optoelectronics Research Center, Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Nanophotonics and Optoelectronics Research Center, Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Lishuo Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
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