1
|
Schiele C, Ruiz-Caldas MX, Wu T, Nocerino E, Åhl A, Mathew AP, Nyström G, Bergström L, Apostolopoulou-Kalkavoura V. The influence of drying routes on the properties of anisotropic all-cellulose composite foams from post-consumer cotton clothing. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 38952181 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01720j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Biopolymer-based functional materials are essential for reducing the carbon footprint and providing high-quality lightweight materials suitable for packaging and thermal insulation. Here, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were efficiently upcycled from post-consumer cotton clothing by TEMPO-mediated oxidation and HCl hydrolysis with a yield of 62% and combined with wood cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) to produce anisotropic foams by unidirectional freeze-casting followed by freeze drying (FD) or supercritical-drying (SCD). Unidirectional freeze-casting resulted in foams with aligned macropores irrespective of the drying method, but the particle packing in the foam wall was significantly affected by how the ice was removed. The FD foams showed tightly packed and aligned CNC and CNF particles while the SCD foams displayed a more network-like structure in the foam walls. The SCD compared to FD foams had more pores smaller than 300 nm and higher specific surface area but they were more susceptible to moisture-induced shrinkage, especially at relative humidities (RH) > 50%. The FD and SCD foams displayed low radial thermal conductivity, and the FD foams displayed a higher mechanical strength and stiffness in compression in the direction of the aligned particles. Better understanding how drying influences the structural, thermal, mechanical and moisture-related properties of foams based on repurposed cotton is important for the development of sustainable nanostructured materials for various applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Schiele
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Maria-Ximena Ruiz-Caldas
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Tingting Wu
- Cellulose & Wood Materials Laboratory, Empa, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island 627833, Singapore
| | - Elisabetta Nocerino
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Villigen, CH-5232, Switzerland
| | - Agnes Åhl
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Aji P Mathew
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Gustav Nyström
- Cellulose & Wood Materials Laboratory, Empa, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - Lennart Bergström
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 114 18 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Varvara Apostolopoulou-Kalkavoura
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Cellulose & Wood Materials Laboratory, Empa, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lu Z, Zhang H, Toivakka M, Xu C. Current progress in functionalization of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) for active food packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131490. [PMID: 38604423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in utilizing renewable biomass resources to manufacture environmentally friendly active food packaging, against the petroleum-based polymers. Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) have received significant attention recently due to their sustainability, biodegradability, and widely available sources. CNFs are generally obtained through chemical or physical treatment, wherein the original surface chemistry and interfacial interactions can be changed if the functionalization process is applied. This review focuses on promising and sustainable methods of functionalization to broaden the potential uses of CNFs in active food packaging. Novel aspects, including functionalization before, during and after cellulose isolation, and functionalization during and after material processing are addressed. The CNF-involved structural construction including films, membranes, hydrogels, aerogels, foams, and microcapsules, is illustrated, which enables to explore the correlations between structure and performance in active food packaging. Additionally, the enhancement of CNFs on multiple properties of active food packaging are discussed, in which the interaction between active packaging systems and encapsulated food or the internal environment are highlighted. This review emphasizes novel approaches and emerging trends that have the potential to revolutionize the field, paving the way for advancements in the properties and applications of CNF-involved active food packaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zonghong Lu
- Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Martti Toivakka
- Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland.
| | - Chunlin Xu
- Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Di A, Schiele C, Hadi SE, Bergström L. Thermally Insulating and Moisture-Resilient Foams Based on Upcycled Aramid Nanofibers and Nanocellulose. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2305195. [PMID: 37735848 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Low-density foams and aerogels based on upcycled and bio-based nanofibers and additives are promising alternatives to fossil-based thermal insulation materials. Super-insulating foams are prepared from upcycled acid-treated aramid nanofibers (upANFA ) obtained from Kevlar yarn and tempo-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (CNF) from wood. The ice-templated hybrid upANFA /CNF-based foams with an upANFA content of up to 40 wt% display high thermal stability and a very low thermal conductivity of 18-23 mW m-1 K-1 perpendicular to the aligned nanofibrils over a wide relative humidity (RH) range of 20% to 80%. The thermal conductivity of the hybrid upANFA /CNF foams is found to decrease with increasing upANFA content (5-20 wt%). The super-insulating properties of the CNF-upANFA hybrid foams are related to the low density of the foams and the strong interfacial phonon scattering between the very thin and partially branched upANFA and CNF in the hybrid foam walls. Defibrillated nanofibers from textiles are not limited to Kevlar, and this study can hopefully inspire efforts to upcycle textile waste into high-performance products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andi Di
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - Carina Schiele
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - Seyed Ehsan Hadi
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - Lennart Bergström
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li J, Zhao S, Zhu Q, Zhang H. Characterization of chitosan-gelatin cryogel templates developed by chemical crosslinking and oxidation resistance of camellia oil cryogel-templated oleogels. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 315:120971. [PMID: 37230613 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, chitosan-gelatin conjugates were prepared by chemical crosslinking of tannic acid. The cryogel templates were developed through freeze-drying and immersed in camellia oil to construct cryogel-templated oleogels. Chemical crosslinking resulted in apparent colour changes and improved emulsion-related/rheological properties on conjugates. The cryogel templates with different formulas exhibited different microstructures with high porosities (over 96 %), and crosslinked samples might have higher hydrogen bonding strength. Tannic acid crosslinking also led to enhanced thermal stabilities and mechanical properties. Cryogel templates could reach a considerable oil absorption capacity of up to 29.26 g/g and prevent oil from leaking effectively. The obtained oleogels with high tannic acid content possessed outstanding antioxidant abilities. After 8 days of rapid oxidation at 40 °C, Oleogels with a high degree of crosslinking owned the lowest POV and TBARS values (39.74 nmol/kg, and 24.40 μg/g, respectively). This study indicates that the involvement of chemical crosslinking would favor the preparation and the application potential of cryogel-templated oleogels, and the tannic acid in the composite biopolymer systems could act as both the crosslinking agent and the antioxidant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shunan Zhao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qinyi Zhu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mattos BD, Zhu Y, Tardy BL, Beaumont M, Ribeiro ACR, Missio AL, Otoni CG, Rojas OJ. Versatile Assembly of Metal-Phenolic Network Foams Enabled by Tannin-Cellulose Nanofibers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209685. [PMID: 36734159 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal-phenolic network (MPN) foams are prepared using colloidal suspensions of tannin-containing cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) that are ice-templated and thawed in ethanolic media in the presence of metal nitrates. The MPN facilitates the formation of solid foams by air drying, given the strength and self-supporting nature of the obtained tannin-cellulose nanohybrid structures. The porous characteristics and (dry and wet) compression strength of the foams are rationalized by the development of secondary, cohesive metal-phenolic layers combined with a hydrogen bonding network involving the CNF. The shrinkage of the MPN foams is as low as 6% for samples prepared with 2.5-10% tannic acid (or condensed tannin at 2.5%) with respect to CNF content. The strength of the MPN foams reaches a maximum at 10% tannic acid (using Fe(III) ions), equivalent to a compressive strength 70% higher than that produced with tannin-free CNF foams. Overall, a straightforward framework is introduced to synthesize MPN foams whose physical and mechanical properties are tailored by the presence of tannins as well as the metal ion species that enable the metal-phenolic networking. Depending on the metal ion, the foams are amenable to modification according to the desired application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno D Mattos
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
- Technological Development Center, Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Gomes Carneiro 1, Pelotas, RS, 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Ya Zhu
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Blaise L Tardy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen, Center for Membrane and Advanced Water Technology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marco Beaumont
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Ana Carolina R Ribeiro
- Technological Development Center, Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Gomes Carneiro 1, Pelotas, RS, 96010-610, Brazil
| | - André L Missio
- Technological Development Center, Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM), Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Gomes Carneiro 1, Pelotas, RS, 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Caio G Otoni
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washington Luís km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sen S, Singh A, Kailasam K, Bera C, Roy S. Biomass-derived cellulose nanofibers and iron oxide-based nanohybrids for thermal insulation application. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:3381-3390. [PMID: 36131706 PMCID: PMC9417942 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00010e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, due to high energy consumption in the building sector and subsequent environmental issues, environment-friendly and cost-effective thermally insulating materials are in high demand to improve the energy efficiency of buildings. Current commercially available thermal insulating materials (polystyrene) always pose a challenge due to their non-biodegradability and poor insulating performance. To this end, biomass-derived aerogels are attracting significant interest as renewable and sustainable insulating materials. In this work, we have developed a facile strategy for synthesizing cellulose nanofibers from biomass-derived wood pulp as a cost-effective starting material by TEMPO-oxidation, and further incorporating iron oxide nanoparticles to make a nanohybrid. Interestingly, in these nanohybrids, the functional attributes like mechanical strength and flammability were improved to a great extent and thus overcoming the limitations of the commercially available thermal insulating materials in terms of their stability and durability. Most importantly, these nanohybrids demonstrated very low thermal conductivity, as low as 0.024 W m-1 K-1, indicating the better insulating potential of these nanohybrids as compared to other conventional insulating materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Sen
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology Mohali Knowledge City, Sector-81 Mohali-140306 Punjab India
| | - Ajit Singh
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology Mohali Knowledge City, Sector-81 Mohali-140306 Punjab India
| | - Kamalakannan Kailasam
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology Mohali Knowledge City, Sector-81 Mohali-140306 Punjab India
| | - Chandan Bera
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology Mohali Knowledge City, Sector-81 Mohali-140306 Punjab India
| | - Sangita Roy
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology Mohali Knowledge City, Sector-81 Mohali-140306 Punjab India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Church TL, Kriechbaum K, Schiele C, Apostolopoulou-Kalkavoura V, Hadi SE, Bergström L. A Stiff, Tough, and Thermally Insulating Air- and Ice-Templated Plant-Based Foam. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2595-2602. [PMID: 35621041 PMCID: PMC9198970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
![]()
By forming and directionally
freezing an aqueous foam containing
cellulose nanofibrils, methylcellulose, and tannic acid, we produced
a stiff and tough anisotropic solid foam with low radial thermal conductivity.
Along the ice-templating direction, the foam was as stiff as nanocellulose–clay
composites, despite being primarily methylcellulose by mass. The foam
was also stiff perpendicular to the direction of ice growth, while
maintaining λr < 25 mW m–1 K–1 for a relative humidity (RH) up to 65% and <30
mW m–1 K–1 at 80% RH. This work
introduces the tandem use of two practical techniques, foam formation
and directional freezing, to generate a low-density anisotropic material,
and this strategy could be applied to other aqueous systems where
foam formation is possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara L Church
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | - Konstantin Kriechbaum
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | - Carina Schiele
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | | | - Seyed Ehsan Hadi
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden.,Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | - Lennart Bergström
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alfieri ML, Cariola A, Panzella L, Napolitano A, d'Ischia M, Valgimigli L, Crescenzi O. Disentangling the Puzzling Regiochemistry of Thiol Addition to o-Quinones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:4580-4589. [PMID: 35266705 PMCID: PMC8981336 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The addition of thiol
compounds to o-quinones,
as exemplified by the biologically relevant conjugation of cysteine
to dopaquinone, displays an anomalous 1,6-type regiochemistry compared
to the usual 1,4-nucleophilic addition, for example, by amines, which
has so far eluded intensive investigations. By means of an integrated
experimental and computational approach, herein, we provide evidence
that the addition of glutathione, cysteine, or benzenethiol to 4-methyl-o-benzoquinone, modeling dopaquinone, proceeds by a free
radical chain mechanism triggered by the addition of thiyl radicals
to the o-quinone. In support of this conclusion,
DFT calculations consistently predicted the correct regiochemistry
only for the proposed thiyl radical-quinone addition pathway. These
results would prompt a revision of the commonly accepted mechanisms
for thiol-o-quinone conjugation and stimulate further
work aimed at assessing the impact of the free radical processes in
biologically relevant thiol–quinone interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Alfieri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, Naples I-80126, Italy
| | - Alice Cariola
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 11, Bologna I-40126, Italy
| | - Lucia Panzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, Naples I-80126, Italy
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, Naples I-80126, Italy
| | - Marco d'Ischia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, Naples I-80126, Italy
| | - Luca Valgimigli
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 11, Bologna I-40126, Italy
| | - Orlando Crescenzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, Naples I-80126, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Riva L, Fiorati A, Punta C. Synthesis and Application of Cellulose-Polyethyleneimine Composites and Nanocomposites: A Concise Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:473. [PMID: 33498164 PMCID: PMC7863743 DOI: 10.3390/ma14030473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose/polyethyleneimine composites have increasingly attracted the attention of scientific community, devoted to the design and development of new synthetic strategies and materials for different application fields. In this review, after introducing the main characteristics of the two polymeric components, we provide in the second section a critical overview on the main protocols for the synthesis of these composites, considering both the several cellulose sources and forms, and the different cross-linkers and cross-linking procedures developed for this purpose, outlining advantages and limits for the reported approaches. The last section analyses the principal results obtained in different application fields. A wide discussion is dedicated to the principal use of cellulose/polyethyleneimine composites as sorbents for water remediation from heavy metal ions and organic contaminants. Subsequently, we introduce the literature describing the use of these composites, functionalized appropriately, where necessary, as drug delivery systems, sensors, and heterogeneous catalysts for organic reactions. Finally, after a brief description of other random applications, we furnish a personal analysis of actual limits and potentialities for these systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlo Punta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” and INSTM Local Unit, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milano, Italy; (L.R.); (A.F.)
| |
Collapse
|