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Jin Q, Men K, Li G, Ou T, Lian Z, Deng X, Zhao H, Zhang Q, Ming A, Wei Q, Wei F, Tu H. Ultrasensitive Graphene Field-Effect Biosensors Based on Ferroelectric Polarization of Lithium Niobate for Breast Cancer Marker Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:28896-28904. [PMID: 38770712 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we present a novel ultrasensitive graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) biosensor based on lithium niobate (LiNbO3) ferroelectric substrate for the application of breast cancer marker detection. The electrical properties of graphene are varied under the electrostatic field, which is generated through the spontaneous polarization of the ferroelectric substrate. It is demonstrated that the properties of interface between graphene and solution are also altered due to the interaction between the electrostatic field and ions. Compared with the graphene field-effect biosensor based on the conventional Si/SiO2 gate structure, our biosensor achieves a higher sensitivity to 64.7 mV/decade and shows a limit of detection down to 1.7 fM (equivalent to 12 fg·mL-1) on the detection of microRNA21 (a breast cancer marker). This innovative design combining GFETs with ferroelectric substrates holds great promise for developing an ultrahigh-sensitivity biosensing platform based on graphene that enables rapid and early disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxi Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Kuo Men
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Gangrong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRINM (Guangdong) Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Tianlang Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRINM (Guangdong) Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, Foshan 528000, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Ziwei Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Xin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Hongbin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Qingzhu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronics Devices and Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Anjie Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 101407, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Qianhui Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRINM (Guangdong) Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, Foshan 528000, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Feng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- GRINM (Guangdong) Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, Foshan 528000, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Hailing Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Smart Sensing, GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
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Jariwala T, Ico G, Tai Y, Park H, Myung NV, Nam J. Mechano-Responsive Piezoelectric Nanofiber as an On-Demand Drug Delivery Vehicle. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:3706-3715. [PMID: 35014455 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The control over biodistribution and pharmacokinetics is critical to enhance the efficacy and minimize the side effects of therapeutic agents. To address the need for an on-demand drug delivery system for precise control over the release time and the quantity of drugs, we exploited the mechano-responsiveness of piezoelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) nanofibers for drug delivery applications. The large surface area-to-volume ratio inherent to nanomaterials, together with the transformative piezoelectric properties, allowed us to use the material as an ultrasensitive and mechano-responsive drug delivery platform driven by the direct piezoelectric effect. The intrinsic negative zeta potential of the nanofibers was utilized to electrostatically load cationic drug molecules, where surface potential changes by exogenous mechanical actuation trigger the release of drug molecules. We show that the drug release kinetics of the P(VDF-TrFE) nanofibers depends on the fiber diameter, thus piezoelectric properties. We further demonstrated that the drug release quantity can be tuned by the applied pressure or dose of physiologically safe corporeal shockwaves as a mechanical stimulus in in vitro and ex vivo models. Overall, we demonstrated the utility of piezoelectric electrospun nanofibers for mechano-responsive controlled drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Jariwala
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Gerardo Ico
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Youyi Tai
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Honghyun Park
- Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondaero, Seongsan gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam 51508, South Korea
| | - Nosang V Myung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Jin Nam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Xu DD, Ma RR, Fu AP, Guan Z, Zhong N, Peng H, Xiang PH, Duan CG. Ion adsorption-induced reversible polarization switching of a van der Waals layered ferroelectric. Nat Commun 2021; 12:655. [PMID: 33510155 PMCID: PMC7844287 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-20945-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-liquid interface is a key concept of many research fields, enabling numerous physical phenomena and practical applications. For example, electrode-electrolyte interfaces with electric double layers have been widely used in energy storage and regulating physical properties of functional materials. Creating a specific interface allows emergent functionalities and effects. Here, we show the artificial control of ferroelectric-liquid interfacial structures to switch polarization states reversibly in a van der Waals layered ferroelectric CuInP2S6 (CIPS). We discover that upward and downward polarization states can be induced by spontaneous physical adsorption of dodecylbenzenesulphonate anions and N,N-diethyl-N-methyl-N-(2-methoxyethyl)-ammonium cations, respectively, at the ferroelectric-liquid interface. This distinctive approach circumvents the structural damage of CIPS caused by Cu-ion conductivity during electrical switching process. Moreover, the polarized state features super-long retention time (>1 year). The interplay between ferroelectric dipoles and adsorbed organic ions has been studied systematically by comparative experiments and first-principles calculations. Such ion adsorption-induced reversible polarization switching in a van der Waals ferroelectric enriches the functionalities of solid-liquid interfaces, offering opportunities for liquid-controlled two-dimensional ferroelectric-based devices. Whether it is possible to achieve polarization inversion in a ferroelectric without any energy consumption is an open question. Here, the authors demonstrate an energy-free approach to control the polarization state of CuInP2S6, a typical room-temperature van der Waals layered ferroelectric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Ru-Ru Ma
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Ai-Ping Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhao Guan
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Ni Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China.
| | - Hui Peng
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Ping-Hua Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China.
| | - Chun-Gang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
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Cui A, Wolf PD, Ye Y, Hu Z, Dujardin A, Huang Z, Jiang K, Shang L, Ye M, Sun H, Chu J. Probing electromechanical behaviors by datacube piezoresponse force microscopy in ambient and aqueous environments. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:235701. [PMID: 30780144 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab0866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
For assisting the in-depth investigations of widespread electromechanical phenomena in functional materials, piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) has gradually evolved to realize full information-flow acquisition and fit the conductive liquid working environments. Here, we designed data cube (DCUBE) based PFM to collect the electromechanical effect into a high-dimensional array of piezoresponse by adding ac bias with a wide range of frequencies to the probe. The electromechanical and mechanical spectra can be consecutively extracted at each pixel in the intermittent-contact mode. High-resolution ferroelectric domains of the poled LiNbO3 were mapped, corresponding to the ideal phase contrasts of about 180° in air, decane, and deionized water. Rich information detection and non-contact mode in DCUBE-PFM bring many merits on the electromechanical characterizations, especially for elastic-inhomogeneous surfaces and soft materials. Moreover, we systematically reveal the Debye screening effect and time-resolved field-oriented ion dynamics, which play crucial roles in the reduction of PFM spatial resolution in electrolytes. These physical discussions provide strategies to further realize high-resolution electromechanical imaging in highly conductive liquid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyang Cui
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Department of Electronic Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
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Beh ES, Basun SA, Feng X, Idehenre IU, Evans DR, Kanan MW. Molecular catalysis at polarized interfaces created by ferroelectric BaTiO 3. Chem Sci 2017; 8:2790-2794. [PMID: 28553515 PMCID: PMC5426436 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc05032h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Colloidal suspensions of ferroelectric BaTiO3 nanoparticles act as a dispersible polarized interface that can influence the selectivity of non-faradaic reactions.
The local environment at polarized solid–liquid interfaces provides a unique medium for chemical reactions that could be exploited to control the selectivity of non-faradaic reactions. Polarized interfaces are commonly prepared by applying a voltage to an electrode in an electrolyte solution, but it is challenging to achieve high surface charge densities while suppressing faradaic reactions. Ferroelectric materials have permanent surface charge densities that arise from the dipole moments of ferroelectric domains and can be used to create polarized solid–liquid interfaces without applying a voltage. We studied the effects of ferroelectric oxides on the selectivity of a Rh porphyrin-catalyzed carbene rearrangement. The addition of ferroelectric BaTiO3 nanoparticles to the reaction solution changed the product ratio in the same direction and by a similar magnitude as performing the reaction at an electrode–electrolyte interface polarized by a voltage. The results demonstrate that colloidal suspensions of BaTiO3 nanoparticles act as a dispersible polarized interface that can influence the selectivity of non-faradaic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene S Beh
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , 337 Campus Drive , Stanford , California 94305 , USA .
| | - Sergey A Basun
- Air Force Research Laboratory , Materials and Manufacturing Directorate , Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , Ohio 45433 , USA.,Azimuth Corporation , 4134 Linden Avenue, Suite 300 , Dayton , Ohio 45432 , USA
| | - Xiaofeng Feng
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , 337 Campus Drive , Stanford , California 94305 , USA .
| | - Ighodalo U Idehenre
- Air Force Research Laboratory , Materials and Manufacturing Directorate , Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , Ohio 45433 , USA.,University of Dayton , Department of ECE and Electro-Optics Program , Dayton , Ohio 45469 , USA
| | - Dean R Evans
- Air Force Research Laboratory , Materials and Manufacturing Directorate , Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , Ohio 45433 , USA
| | - Matthew W Kanan
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , 337 Campus Drive , Stanford , California 94305 , USA .
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Ma C, Lu R, Hu G, Han J, Liu M, Li J, Wu J. Detecting Electric Dipoles Interaction at the Interface of Ferroelectric and Electrolyte Using Graphene Field Effect Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:4244-4252. [PMID: 28058829 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Graphene was inserted into the interface between electric dipole layers from DEME-TFSI ionic liquid (top-gate) and ferroelectric Pb0.92La0.08Zr0.52Ti0.48O3 (PLZT, back-gate) to probe the interface dipole-dipole interaction in response to DC and pulsed gate voltages. A highly complicated behavior of the interface dipole-dipole interaction has been revealed as a combination of electrostatic and electrochemical effects. The interfacial polar molecules in the DEME-TFSI electrical double layer are pinned with assistance from the PLZT back-gate in response to a DC top-gate pump, leading to strong nonlinear electrochemical behavior. In contrast, depinning of these molecules can be facilitated by a faster pulsed top-gate pump, which results in a characteristic linear electrostatic behavior. This result not only sheds light on the dynamic dipole-dipole interactions on the interface between functional materials but also prototypes a unique pump and probe approach using graphene field effect transistors to detect the interface dipole-dipole interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrui Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Shannxi 710049, P. R. China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas , Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Rongtao Lu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas , Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Guangliang Hu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jinsheng Han
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Ming Liu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University , Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Judy Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas , Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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Fabiano S, Crispin X, Berggren M. Ferroelectric polarization induces electric double layer bistability in electrolyte-gated field-effect transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:438-442. [PMID: 24251907 DOI: 10.1021/am404494h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The dense surface charges expressed by a ferroelectric polymeric thin film induce ion displacement within a polyelectrolyte layer and vice versa. This is because the density of dipoles along the surface of the ferroelectric thin film and its polarization switching time matches that of the (Helmholtz) electric double layers formed at the ferroelectric/polyelectrolyte and polyelectrolyte/semiconductor interfaces. This combination of materials allows for introducing hysteresis effects in the capacitance of an electric double layer capacitor. The latter is advantageously used to control the charge accumulation in the semiconductor channel of an organic field-effect transistor. The resulting memory transistors can be written at a gate voltage of around 7 V and read out at a drain voltage as low as 50 mV. The technological implication of this large difference between write and read-out voltages lies in the non-destructive reading of this ferroelectric memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Fabiano
- Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University , SE-601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
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