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Ridings KM, Hendy SC. Nanowire melting modes during the solid-liquid phase transition: theory and molecular dynamics simulations. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20052. [PMID: 36414690 PMCID: PMC9681868 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24654-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations have shown that after initial surface melting, nanowires can melt via two mechanisms: an interface front moves towards the wire centre; the growth of instabilities at the interface can cause the solid to pinch-off and breakup. By perturbing a capillary fluctuation model describing the interface kinetics, we show when each mechanism is preferred and compare the results to molecular dynamics simulation. A Plateau-Rayleigh-type of instability is found and suggests longer nanowires will melt via an instability mechanism, whereas in shorter nanowires the melting front will move closer to the centre before the solid pinch-off can initiate. Simulations support this theory; preferred modes that destabilise the interface are proportional to the wire length, with longer nanowires preferring to pinch-off and melt; shorter wires have a more stable interface close to their melting temperature, and prefer to melt via an interface front that moves towards the wire centre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan M. Ridings
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, The University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010 New Zealand
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2
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Liu GS, He M, Wang T, Wang L, He Z, Zhan R, Chen L, Chen Y, Yang BR, Luo Y, Chen Z. Optically Programmable Plateau-Rayleigh Instability for High-Resolution and Scalable Morphology Manipulation of Silver Nanowires for Flexible Optoelectronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:53984-53993. [PMID: 32872767 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ability to engineer microscale and nanoscale morphology upon metal nanowires (NWs) has been essential to achieve new electronic and photonic functions. Here, this study reports an optically programmable Plateau-Rayleigh instability (PRI) to demonstrate a facile, scalable, and high-resolution morphology engineering of silver NWs (AgNWs) at temperatures <150 °C within 10 min. This has been accomplished by conjugating a photosensitive diphenyliodonium nitrate with AgNWs to modulate surface-atom diffusion. The conjugation is UV-decomposable and able to form a cladding of molten salt-like compounds, so that the PRI of the AgNWs can be optically programmed and triggered at a much lower temperature than the melting point of AgNWs. This PRI self-assembly technique can yield both various novel nanostructures from single NW and large-area microelectrodes from the NW network on various substrates, such as a nanoscale dot-dash chain and the microelectrode down to 5 μm in line width that is the highest resolution ever fabricated for the AgNW-based electrode. Finally, the patterned AgNWs as flexible transparent electrodes were demonstrated for a wearable CdS NW photodetector. This study provides a new paradigm for engineering metal micro-/nanostructures, which holds great potential in fabrication of various sophisticated devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Shi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mengyi He
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641100, China
| | - Zhi He
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Runze Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yaofei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bo-Ru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yunhan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, College of Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Marques-Hueso J, Morton JAS, Wang X, Bertran-Serra E, Desmulliez MPY. Photolithographic nanoseeding method for selective synthesis of metal-catalysed nanostructures. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:015302. [PMID: 30375358 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aae795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work we present a general method for the selective synthesis by photolithography of localised nanostructures in planar geometries. The methodology relies on the previous concept of photo-patternable metallic nanoparticle (NP)/polymer nanocomposites, which can provide a range of NP sizes, polydispersity and densities. First, a photoresist containing metallic ions is patterned by photolithography. Silver NPs are synthesised in situ after the exposure and development of the patterned thin film via the thermal-induced reduction of ions embedded in its structure. Gentle plasma ashing is used to selectively remove the polymer, which leaves NPs on the patterned areas. These NPs are used as seeds for subsequent processes. In order to demonstrate the flexibility of the method, its use to selectively produce localised nanostructures through different processes is shown here. Following a top-down approach, high aspect-ratio silicon nanograss has been produced by reactive ion etching and masking by the NPs. In a bottom-up approach, 280 nm copper clusters have been selectively grown in arrays. This method can be easily extrapolated to other metals and it provides a quick way to selectively generate hierarchical nanostructures in large planar areas that can be used for different applications, such as the fabrication of nanostructured sensor arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Marques-Hueso
- Microsystems Engineering Centre, Institute of Sensors, Signals and Systems, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Menumerov E, Golze SD, Hughes RA, Neretina S. Arrays of highly complex noble metal nanostructures using nanoimprint lithography in combination with liquid-phase epitaxy. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:18186-18194. [PMID: 30246850 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06874g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Current best-practice lithographic techniques are unable to meet the functional requirements needed to enable on-chip plasmonic devices capable of fully exploiting nanostructure properties reliant on a tailored nanostructure size, composition, architecture, crystallinity, and placement. As a consequence, numerous nanofabrication methods have emerged that address various weaknesses, but none have, as of yet, demonstrated a large-area processing route capable of defining organized surfaces of nanostructures with the architectural diversity and complexity that is routinely displayed in colloidal syntheses. Here, a hybrid fabrication strategy is demonstrated in which nanoimprint lithography is combined with templated dewetting and liquid-phase syntheses that is able to realize periodic arrays of complex noble metal nanostructures over square centimeter areas. The process is inexpensive, can be carried out on a benchtop, and requires modest levels of instrumentation. Demonstrated are three fabrication schemes yielding arrays of core-shell, core-void-shell, and core-void-nanoframe structures using liquid-phase syntheses involving heteroepitaxial deposition, galvanic replacement, and dealloying. With the field of nanotechnology being increasingly reliant on the engineering of desirable physicochemical responses through architectural control, the fabrication strategy provides a platform for advancing devices reliant on addressable arrays or the collective response from an ensemble of identical nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eredzhep Menumerov
- College of Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.
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5
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Qi D, Tang S, Wang L, Dai S, Shen X, Wang C, Chen S. Pulse laser-induced size-controllable and symmetrical ordering of single-crystal Si islands. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:8133-8138. [PMID: 29671438 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr00210j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Optically electric- and magnetic resonance-induced dielectric nanostructures have garnered significant attention due to applications as tunable electronic and optoelectronic device. In this letter, we describe an ultrafast and large-area method to construct symmetrical and single-crystal Si island structures directly on Si substrates by a pulse laser dewetting method. The tunable surface electric field intensity distribution could convert the stochastic dewetting process into a deterministic process (classical dipole mode and Mie resonance dipole mode) on predefined Si pit arrays via laser dewetting. Under this condition, these pre-patterned Si substrate structures not only induced high spatial ordering of islands, but also improved their size uniformity. By adjusting the laser fluence, the diameter of the single-crystal Si islands could be selected in the range 41.7-147.1 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfeng Qi
- Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices, The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China.
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Hughes RA, Menumerov E, Neretina S. When lithography meets self-assembly: a review of recent advances in the directed assembly of complex metal nanostructures on planar and textured surfaces. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:282002. [PMID: 28590253 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa77ce] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the foremost challenges in nanofabrication is the establishment of a processing science that integrates wafer-based materials, techniques, and devices with the extraordinary physicochemical properties accessible when materials are reduced to nanoscale dimensions. Such a merger would allow for exacting controls on nanostructure positioning, promote cooperative phenomenon between adjacent nanostructures and/or substrate materials, and allow for electrical contact to individual or groups of nanostructures. With neither self-assembly nor top-down lithographic processes being able to adequately meet this challenge, advancements have often relied on a hybrid strategy that utilizes lithographically-defined features to direct the assembly of nanostructures into organized patterns. While these so-called directed assembly techniques have proven viable, much of this effort has focused on the assembly of periodic arrays of spherical or near-spherical nanostructures comprised of a single element. Work directed toward the fabrication of more complex nanostructures, while still at a nascent stage, has nevertheless demonstrated the possibility of forming arrays of nanocubes, nanorods, nanoprisms, nanoshells, nanocages, nanoframes, core-shell structures, Janus structures, and various alloys on the substrate surface. In this topical review, we describe the progress made in the directed assembly of periodic arrays of these complex metal nanostructures on planar and textured substrates. The review is divided into three broad strategies reliant on: (i) the deterministic positioning of colloidal structures, (ii) the reorganization of deposited metal films at elevated temperatures, and (iii) liquid-phase chemistry practiced directly on the substrate surface. These strategies collectively utilize a broad range of techniques including capillary assembly, microcontact printing, chemical surface modulation, templated dewetting, nanoimprint lithography, and dip-pen nanolithography and employ a wide scope of chemical processes including redox reactions, alloying, dealloying, phase separation, galvanic replacement, preferential etching, template-mediated reactions, and facet-selective capping agents. Taken together, they highlight the diverse toolset available when fabricating organized surfaces of substrate-supported nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Hughes
- College of Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States of America
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7
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Ravazzoli PD, Cuellar I, González AG, Diez JA. Wetting and dewetting processes in the axial retraction of liquid filaments. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:053111. [PMID: 28618593 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.053111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We study the hydrodynamic mechanisms involved in the motion of the contact line formed at the end region of a liquid filament laying on a planar and horizontal substrate. Since the flow develops under partially wetting conditions, the tip of the filament recedes and forms a bulged region (head) that subsequently develops a neck region behind it. Later the neck breaks up leading to a separated drop, while the rest of the filament restarts the sequence. One main feature of this flow is that the whole dynamics and final drop shapes are strongly influenced by the hysteresis of the contact angle typical in most of the liquid-substrate systems. The time evolution till breakup is studied experimentally and pictured in terms of a hybrid wettability theory which involves the Cox-Voinov hydrodynamic approach combined with the molecular kinetic theory developed by Blake. The parameters of this theory are determined for our liquid-substrate system (silicone oil-coated glass). The experimental results of the retracting filament are described in terms of a simple heuristic model and compared with numerical simulations of the full Navier-Stokes equations. This study is of special interest in the context of pulsed laser-induced dewetting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo D Ravazzoli
- Instituto de Física Arroyo Seco, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, and CIFICEN-CONICET-CICPBA, Pinto 399, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - Ingrith Cuellar
- Instituto de Física Arroyo Seco, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, and CIFICEN-CONICET-CICPBA, Pinto 399, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - Alejandro G González
- Instituto de Física Arroyo Seco, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, and CIFICEN-CONICET-CICPBA, Pinto 399, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - Javier A Diez
- Instituto de Física Arroyo Seco, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, and CIFICEN-CONICET-CICPBA, Pinto 399, 7000 Tandil, Argentina
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8
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Naffouti M, David T, Benkouider A, Favre L, Delobbe A, Ronda A, Berbezier I, Abbarchi M. Templated Solid-State Dewetting of Thin Silicon Films. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:6115-6123. [PMID: 27717242 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201601744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Thin film dewetting can be efficiently exploited for the implementation of functionalized surfaces over very large scales. Although the formation of sub-micrometer sized crystals via solid-state dewetting represents a viable method for the fabrication of quantum dots and optical meta-surfaces, there are several limitations related to the intrinsic features of dewetting in a crystalline medium. Disordered spatial organization, size, and shape fluctuations are relevant issues not properly addressed so far. This study reports on the deterministic nucleation and precise positioning of Si- and SiGe-based nanocrystals by templated solid-state dewetting of thin silicon films. The dewetting dynamics is guided by pattern size and shape taking full control over number, size, shape, and relative position of the particles (islands dimensions and relative distances are in the hundreds nm range and fluctuate ≈11% for the volumes and ≈5% for the positioning).
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Affiliation(s)
- Meher Naffouti
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, 13397, Marseille, France
- Laboratoire de Micro-optoélectronique et Nanostructures, Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Université de Monastir, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Thomas David
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Abdelmalek Benkouider
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Luc Favre
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, 13397, Marseille, France
| | | | - Antoine Ronda
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Berbezier
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Marco Abbarchi
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, 13397, Marseille, France
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Hartnett CA, Mahady K, Fowlkes JD, Afkhami S, Kondic L, Rack PD. Instability of Nano- and Microscale Liquid Metal Filaments: Transition from Single Droplet Collapse to Multidroplet Breakup. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:13609-13617. [PMID: 26595519 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We carry out experimental and numerical studies to investigate the collapse and breakup of finite size, nano- and microscale, liquid metal filaments supported on a substrate. We find the critical dimensions below which filaments do not break up but rather collapse to a single droplet. The transition from collapse to breakup can be described as a competition between two fluid dynamic phenomena: the capillary driven end retraction and the Rayleigh-Plateau type instability mechanism that drives the breakup. We focus on the unique spatial and temporal transition region between these two phenomena using patterned metallic thin film strips and pulsed-laser-induced dewetting. The experimental results are compared to an analytical model proposed by Driessen et al. and modified to include substrate interactions. In addition, we report the results of numerical simulations based on a volume-of-fluid method to provide additional insight and highlight the importance of liquid metal resolidification, which reduces inertial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K Mahady
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - J D Fowlkes
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Nanofabrication Research Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - S Afkhami
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - L Kondic
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - P D Rack
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Nanofabrication Research Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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10
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Yoo JH, In JB, Zheng C, Sakellari I, Raman RN, Matthews MJ, Elhadj S, Grigoropoulos CP. Directed dewetting of amorphous silicon film by a donut-shaped laser pulse. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:165303. [PMID: 25827170 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/16/165303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Irradiation of a thin film with a beam-shaped laser is proposed to achieve site-selectively controlled dewetting of the film into nanoscale structures. As a proof of concept, the laser-directed dewetting of an amorphous silicon thin film on a glass substrate is demonstrated using a donut-shaped laser beam. Upon irradiation of a single laser pulse, the silicon film melts and dewets on the substrate surface. The irradiation with the donut beam induces an unconventional lateral temperature profile in the film, leading to thermocapillary-induced transport of the molten silicon to the center of the beam spot. Upon solidification, the ultrathin amorphous silicon film is transformed to a crystalline silicon nanodome of increased height. This morphological change enables further dimensional reduction of the nanodome as well as removal of the surrounding film material by isotropic silicon etching. These results suggest that laser-based dewetting of thin films can be an effective way for scalable manufacturing of patterned nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyuck Yoo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Laser Thermal Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1740, USA
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11
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Quan Y, Zhang LZ. Numerical and analytical study of the impinging and bouncing phenomena of droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces with microtextured structures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:11640-11649. [PMID: 25203603 DOI: 10.1021/la502836p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of droplets impinging on different microtextured superhydrophobic surfaces are modeled with CFD combined with VOF (Volume of Fluid) technique. The method is validated by experimental data and an analytical model (AM) that is used to predict the penetrating depth and the maximum spreading diameter of an impinging droplet. The effects of geometrical shapes and operating conditions on the spreading and bouncing behaviors of impinging droplets are investigated. Six surfaces with different shapes of pillars are considered, namely, triangular prism, square pillar, pentagonal prism, cylindrical pillar, and crisscross pillar surfaces. The bouncing ability of an impinging droplet on textured surfaces can be illustrated from three aspects, namely, the contact time, the ranges of velocities for rebound and the penetrating depth of liquid in the maximum spreading stage. The surface with crisscross pillars exhibits the best ability to rebound, which can be attributed to its large capillary pressure (PC) and its special structures that can capture air in the gaps during the impinging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Quan
- Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation of Education Ministry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
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12
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Wu Y, Dong N, Fu S, Fowlkes JD, Kondic L, Vincenti MA, de Ceglia D, Rack PD. Directed liquid phase assembly of highly ordered metallic nanoparticle arrays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:5835-5843. [PMID: 24689648 DOI: 10.1021/am500695h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Directed assembly of nanomaterials is a promising route for the synthesis of nanoscale materials. In this paper, we demonstrate the directed-assembly of highly ordered two-dimensional arrays of hierarchical nanostructures with tunable size, spacing and composition. The directed assembly is achieved on lithographically patterned metal films that are subsequently pulse-laser melted; during the brief liquid lifetime, the pattened nanostructures assemble into highly ordered primary and secondary nanoparticles, with sizes below that which was originally patterned. Complementary fluid-dynamics simulations emulate the resultant patterns and show how the competition of capillary forces and liquid metal-solid substrate interaction potential drives the directed assembly. As an example of the enhanced functionality, a full-wave electromagnetic analysis has been performed to identify the nature of the supported plasmonic resonances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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13
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Fowlkes JD, Roberts NA, Wu Y, Diez JA, González AG, Hartnett C, Mahady K, Afkhami S, Kondic L, Rack PD. Hierarchical nanoparticle ensembles synthesized by liquid phase directed self-assembly. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:774-782. [PMID: 24372258 DOI: 10.1021/nl404128d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A liquid metal filament supported on a dielectric substrate was directed to fragment into an ordered, mesoscale particle ensemble. Imposing an undulated surface perturbation on the filament forced the development of a single unstable mode from the otherwise disperse, multimodal Rayleigh-Plateau instability. The imposed mode paved the way for a hierarchical spatial fragmentation of the filament into particles, previously seen only at much larger scales. Ultimately, nanoparticle radius control is demonstrated using a micrometer scale switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Fowlkes
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37381, United States
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