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He PS, Tran DP, Kuo TY, Hsu WY, Lin HE, Shie KC, Chen C. High-Bonding-Strength Polyimide Films Achieved via Thermal Management and Surface Activation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091575. [PMID: 37177120 PMCID: PMC10180403 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, thermal and argon (Ar) plasma/wetting treatments were combined to enhance the bonding strength of polyimide (PI) films. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was used to analyze the changes in the PI imidization degrees. The contact angles of the PI films were also measured. The results show that the contact angles of the fully cured PI films markedly decreased from 78.54° to 26.05° after the Ar plasma treatments. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis was also conducted on the PI surfaces. We found that the intensities of the C-OH and C-N-H bonds increased from 0% to 13% and 29% to 57%, respectively, after Ar plasma activation. Such increases in the C-OH and C-N-H intensities could be attributed to the generation of dangling bonds and the breakage of the imide ring or polymer long chains. Shear tests were also conducted to characterize the bonding strength of the PI films, which, after being treated with the appropriate parameters of temperature, plasma power, and wetting droplets, was found to be excellent at greater than 35.3 MPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Syuan He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Dinh-Phuc Tran
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Kuo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Wei-You Hsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Huai-En Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Cheng Shie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chih Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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Hassouna L, Enganati SK, Bally-Le Gall F, Mertz G, Bour J, Ruch D, Roucoules V. Using TOF-SIMS Spectrometry to Study the Kinetics of the Interfacial Retro Diels-Alder Reaction. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14102674. [PMID: 34065263 PMCID: PMC8161361 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the use of Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) was explored as a technique for monitoring the interfacial retro Diels–Alder (retro DA) reaction occurring on well-controlled self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). A molecule containing a Diels–Alder (DA) adduct was grafted on to the monolayers, then the surface was heated at different temperatures to follow the reaction conversion. A TOF-SIMS analysis of the surface allowed the detection of a fragment from the molecule, which is released from the surface when retro DA reaction occurs. Hence, by monitoring the decay of this fragment’s peak integral, the reaction conversion could be determined in function of the time and for different temperatures. The viability of this method was then discussed in comparison with the results obtained by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Hassouna
- Materials and Research Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (L.H.); (S.K.E.); (J.B.); (D.R.)
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, 2 Avenue de l’Université, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sachin Kumar Enganati
- Materials and Research Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (L.H.); (S.K.E.); (J.B.); (D.R.)
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, 2 Avenue de l’Université, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Florence Bally-Le Gall
- University of Haute-Alsace, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France; (F.B.-L.G.); (V.R.)
| | - Grégory Mertz
- Materials and Research Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (L.H.); (S.K.E.); (J.B.); (D.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jérôme Bour
- Materials and Research Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (L.H.); (S.K.E.); (J.B.); (D.R.)
| | - David Ruch
- Materials and Research Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; (L.H.); (S.K.E.); (J.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Vincent Roucoules
- University of Haute-Alsace, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France; (F.B.-L.G.); (V.R.)
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Qiu J, Zhang G, Sakai E, Liu W, Zang L. Thermal Welding by the Third Phase Between Polymers: A Review for Ultrasonic Weld Technology Developments. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E759. [PMID: 32244471 PMCID: PMC7240386 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasonic welding (USW) is a promising method for the welds between dissimilar materials. Ultrasonic thermal welding by the third phase (TWTP) method was proposed in combination with the formation of a third phase, which was confirmed as an effective technology for polymer welding between the two dissimilar materials compared with the traditional USW. This review focused on the advances of applying the ultrasonic TWTP for thermoplastic materials. The research development on the ultrasonic TWTP of polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polylactic acid (PLA) and polyformaldehyde (POM), and PLA and PMMA are summarized according to the preparation of the third phase, welded strength, morphologies of rupture surfaces, thermal stability, and others. The review aimed at providing guidance for using ultrasonic TWTP in polymers and a basic understanding of the welding mechanism, i.e., interdiffusion and molecular motion mechanisms between the phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Qiu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Systems Science and Technology, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 015-0055, Japan; (G.Z.); (E.S.)
| | - Guohong Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Systems Science and Technology, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 015-0055, Japan; (G.Z.); (E.S.)
| | - Eiichi Sakai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Systems Science and Technology, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 015-0055, Japan; (G.Z.); (E.S.)
| | - Wendi Liu
- College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China;
| | - Limin Zang
- MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal & Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China;
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Choe G, Cho Y, Bae SM, Yoon SH, Lee J. Is a pyrogallol group better than a catechol group for promoting adhesion between polymers and metals? J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Vauthier M, Jierry L, Boulmedais F, Oliveira JC, Clancy KFA, Simet C, Roucoules V, Bally-Le Gall F. Control of Interfacial Diels-Alder Reactivity by Tuning the Plasma Polymer Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:11960-11970. [PMID: 30173512 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Functionalizing the surface of a material with a smart plasma polymer coating is an interesting alternative strategy to obtain a thermoresponsive material without changing its formulation. On the basis of a low-pressure plasma polymerization process, the present work first aims to fabricate polymer thin films that react via the well-known thermoreversible Diels-Alder (DA) reaction (diene/dienophile cycloaddition). A two-step surface modification process based on (pulsed) plasma polymerization enables the design of functional coatings that contain furan (diene) groups. The reactivity of these surfaces with maleic anhydride (dienophile) in solution is thoroughly investigated, mainly by studying the kinetics of the DA reaction by advancing contact angle measurements. The determination of rate constants of reactions at various temperatures leads to the quantification of thermodynamic parameters such as the activation energy of the reaction as well as the enthalpy and entropy of activation related to the formation of the transition-state complex involved in the DA reaction. More interestingly, the design of furan-functionalized coatings with various physicochemical properties enables the understanding of the role played by the density of functional groups and the cross-linking rate of the polymer on the interfacial reactivity. Thus, we show in this work how to control the interfacial DA reaction on plasma coatings by tailoring the operating conditions of plasma polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Vauthier
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361 , F-68100 Mulhouse , France
- Université de Strasbourg , F-67081 Strasbourg , France
| | - Loïc Jierry
- Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, UPR 022 , F-67034 Strasbourg , France
| | - Fouzia Boulmedais
- Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, UPR 022 , F-67034 Strasbourg , France
| | - Jamerson C Oliveira
- Chair of Forest Biomaterials, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources , University of Freiburg , D-79085 Freiburg , Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center , University of Freiburg , D-79104 Freiburg , Germany
| | - Kathryn F A Clancy
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361 , F-68100 Mulhouse , France
- Université de Strasbourg , F-67081 Strasbourg , France
| | - Chloé Simet
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361 , F-68100 Mulhouse , France
- Université de Strasbourg , F-67081 Strasbourg , France
| | - Vincent Roucoules
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361 , F-68100 Mulhouse , France
- Université de Strasbourg , F-67081 Strasbourg , France
| | - Florence Bally-Le Gall
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361 , F-68100 Mulhouse , France
- Université de Strasbourg , F-67081 Strasbourg , France
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Sugimoto Y, Nishimura Y, Uehara F, Matsumoto A. Dissimilar Materials Bonding Using Epoxy Monolith. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:7532-7541. [PMID: 31458909 PMCID: PMC6644695 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The epoxy monolith with a highly porous structure is fabricated by the thermal curing of 2,2-bis(4-glycidyloxyphenyl)propane and 4,4'-methylenebis(cyclohexylamine) in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol) as the porogen via polymerization-induced phase separation. In this study, we demonstrated a new type of dissimilar material bonding method for various polymers and metals coated with the epoxy monolith. On the basis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, the pore size and number of epoxy monoliths were evaluated to be 1.1-114 μm and 8.7-48 200 mm-2, respectively, depending on the ratio of the epoxy resin and cross-linking agent used for the monolith fabrication. Various kinds of thermoplastics, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyoxymethylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polycarbonate bisphenol-A, and poly(ethylene terephthalate), were bonded to the monolith-modified metal plates by thermal welding. The bond strength for the single lap-shear tensile test of stainless steel and copper plates with the thermoplastics was in the range of 1.2-7.5 MPa, which was greater than the bond strength value for each bonding system without monolith modification. The SEM observation of fractured test pieces directly confirmed an anchor effect on this bonding system. The elongated deformation of the plastics that filled in the pores of the epoxy monolith, was observed. It was concluded that the bond strength significantly depended on the intrinsic strength of the used thermoplastics. The epoxy monolith bonding of hard plastics, such as polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate), was performed by the additional use of adhesives, solvents, and a reactive monomer. The epoxy monolith sheets were also successfully fabricated and applied to dissimilar material bonding.
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Saboohi S, Griesser HJ, Coad BR, Short RD, Michelmore A. Promiscuous hydrogen in polymerising plasmas. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:7033-7042. [PMID: 29473064 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08166a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Historically, there have been two opposing views regarding deposition mechanisms in plasma polymerisation, radical growth and direct ion deposition, with neither being able to fully explain the chemistry of the resultant coating. Deposition rate and film chemistry are dependent on the chemistry of the plasma phase and thus the activation mechanisms of species in the plasma are critical to understanding the relative contributions of various chemical and physical routes to plasma polymer formation. In this study, we investigate the roles that hydrogen plays in activating and deactivating reactive plasma species. Ethyl trimethylacetate (ETMA) is used as a representative organic precursor, and additional hydrogen is added to the plasma in the form of water and deuterium oxide. Optical emission spectroscopy confirms that atomic hydrogen is abundant in the plasma. Comparison of the plasma phase mass spectra of ETMA/H2O and ETMA/D2O reveals that (1) proton transfer from hydronium is a common route to charging precursors in plasma, and (2) hydrogen abstraction (activation) and recombination (deactivation) processes are much more dynamic in the plasma than previously thought. Consideration of the roles of hydrogen in plasma chemistry may then provide a more comprehensive view of deposition processes and bridge the divide between the two disparate schools of thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Saboohi
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
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Loyer F, Frache G, Choquet P, Boscher ND. Atmospheric Pressure Plasma-Initiated Chemical Vapor Deposition (AP-PiCVD) of Poly(alkyl acrylates): An Experimental Study. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- François Loyer
- Department of Materials Research and Technology, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Gilles Frache
- Department of Materials Research and Technology, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Patrick Choquet
- Department of Materials Research and Technology, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Nicolas D. Boscher
- Department of Materials Research and Technology, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
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9
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Cell proliferation on modified DLC thin films prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Biointerphases 2015; 10:029520. [DOI: 10.1116/1.4920978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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10
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Mauchauffé R, Moreno-Couranjou M, Boscher ND, Van De Weerdt C, Duwez AS, Choquet P. Robust bio-inspired antibacterial surfaces based on the covalent binding of peptides on functional atmospheric plasma thin films. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:5168-5177. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00503a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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11
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Kashif M, Chang YW. Preparation of supramolecular thermally repairable elastomer by crosslinking of maleated polyethylene-octene elastomer with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. POLYM INT 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kashif
- Polymer Nano Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering; Hanyang University; Ansan Gyeonggi 426-791 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Wook Chang
- Polymer Nano Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering; Hanyang University; Ansan Gyeonggi 426-791 Republic of Korea
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