1
|
Peng J, Hong X, Zhou Q, Hui KS, Chen B. Novel Synthesis of 3D Mesoporous FePO 4 from Electroflocculation of Iron Filings as a Precursor of High-Performance LiFePO 4/C Cathode for Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:12707-12715. [PMID: 37065085 PMCID: PMC10099130 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study presents an economic and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of microspherical FePO4·2H2O precursors with secondary nanostructures by the electroflocculation of low-cost iron fillers in a hot solution. The morphology and crystalline shape of the precursors were adjusted by gradient co-precipitation of pH conditions. The effect of precursor structure and morphology on the electrochemical performance of the synthesized LiFePO4/C was investigated. Electrochemical analysis showed that the assembly of FePO4·2H2O submicron spherical particles from primary nanoparticles and nanorods resulted in LiFePO4/C exhibiting excellent multiplicity and cycling performance with first discharge capacities at 0.2C, 1C, 5C, and 10C of 162.8, 134.7, 85.5, and 47.7 mAh·g-1, respectively, and the capacity of LiFePO4/C was maintained at 85.5% after 300 cycles at 1C. The significant improvement in the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4/C was attributed to the enhanced Li+ diffusion rate and the crystallinity of LiFePO4/C. Thus, this work shows a new three-dimensional mesoporous FePO4 synthesized from the iron flake electroflocculation as a precursor for high-performance LiFePO4/C cathodes for lithium-ion batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawu Peng
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaoting Hong
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qiongxiang Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Kwan San Hui
- Engineering,
Faculty of Science, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K.
| | - Bin Chen
- Zhejiang
Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’an 311300, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang X, Zhang C, Zhang X, Deng S, Cheng X, Waite TD. Phosphate Recovery from Aqueous Solutions via Vivianite Crystallization: Interference of Fe II Oxidation at Different DO Concentrations and pHs. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:2105-2117. [PMID: 36688915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Vivianite (Fe3(PO4)2·8H2O) crystallization has attracted increasing attention as a promising approach for removing and recovering P from wastewaters. However, FeII is susceptible to oxygen with its oxidation inevitably influencing the crystallization of vivianite. In this study, the profile of vivianite crystallization in the presence of dissolved oxygen (DO) was investigated at pHs 5-7 in a continuous stirred-tank reactor. It is found that the influence of DO on vivianite crystallization was highly pH-related. At pH 5, the low rate of FeII oxidation at all of the investigated DO of 0-5 mg/L and the low degree of vivianite supersaturation resulted in slow crystallization with the product being highly crystalline vivianite, but the P removal efficiency was only 30-40%. The removal of P from the solution was substantially more effective (to >90%) in the DO-removed reactors at pH 6 and 7, whereas the efficiencies of P removal and especially recovery decreased by 10-20% when FeII oxidation became more severe at DO concentrations >2.5 mg/L (except at pH 6 with 2.5 mg/L DO). The elevated degree of vivianite supersaturation and enhanced rate and extent of FeII oxidation at the higher pHs led to decreases in the size and homogeneity of the products. At the same pH, amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide (AFO)─the product of FeII oxidation and FeIII hydrolysis─interferes with vivianite crystallization with the induction of aggregation of crystal fines by AFO, leading to increases in the size of the obtained solids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing100083, China
| | - Changyong Zhang
- Water Research Center, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
| | - Xinran Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing100083, China
| | - Shaoyu Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing100083, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing100083, China
| | - T David Waite
- Water Research Center, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li Z, Yang J, Guang T, Fan B, Zhu K, Wang X. Controlled Hydrothermal/Solvothermal Synthesis of High-Performance LiFePO 4 for Li-Ion Batteries. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100193. [PMID: 34927913 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The sluggish Li-ion diffusivity in LiFePO4 , a famous cathode material, relies heavily on the employment of a broad spectrum of modifications to accelerate the slow kinetics, including size and orientation control, coating with electron-conducting layer, aliovalent ion doping, and defect control. These strategies are generally implemented by employing the hydrothermal/solvothermal synthesis, as reflected by the hundreds of publications on hydrothermal/solvothermal synthesis in recent years. However, LiFePO4 is far from the level of controllable preparation, due to the lack of the understanding of the relations between the synthesis condition and the nucleation-and-growth of LiFePO4 . In this paper, the recent progress in controlled hydrothermal/solvothermal synthesis of LiFePO4 is first summarized, before an insight into the relations between the synthesis condition and the nucleation-and-growth of LiFePO4 is obtained. Thereafter, a review over surface decoration, lattice substitution, and defect control is provided. Moreover, new research directions and future trends are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojin Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Hebei, 050018, China
| | - Jinxing Yang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Tianjia Guang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Bingbing Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kongjun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li J, Wang Y, Wu J, Zhao H, Wu H, Zhang Y, Liu H. Preparation of Enhanced-Performance LiMn0.6
Fe0.4
PO4
/C Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries by using a Divalent Transition-Metal Phosphate as an Intermediate. ChemElectroChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Li
- Department of Advance Energy Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Computer Science and Technology; Southwest University for Nationalities; Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Wu
- Department of Materials Engineering; Sichuan College of Architectural Technology; Deyang 618000 P. R. China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Department of Advance Energy Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Advance Energy Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Advance Energy Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Advance Energy Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen M, Shao LL, Yang HB, Ren TZ, Du G, Yuan ZY. Vanadium-doping of LiFePO4/carbon composite cathode materials synthesized with organophosphorus source. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.03.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|