1
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Rosenbohm J, Minnick G, Safa BT, Esfahani AM, Jin X, Zhai H, Lavrik NV, Yang R. A multi-material platform for imaging of single cell-cell junctions under tensile load fabricated with two-photon polymerization. Biomed Microdevices 2022; 24:33. [PMID: 36207557 PMCID: PMC11104271 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-022-00633-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported a single-cell adhesion micro tensile tester (SCAμTT) fabricated from IP-S photoresin with two-photon polymerization (TPP) for investigating the mechanics of a single cell-cell junction under defined tensile loading. A major limitation of the platform is the autofluorescence of IP-S, the photoresin for TPP fabrication, which significantly increases background signal and makes fluorescent imaging of stretched cells difficult. In this study, we report the design and fabrication of a new SCAμTT platform that mitigates autofluorescence and demonstrate its capability in imaging a single cell pair as its mutual junction is stretched. By employing a two-material design using IP-S and IP-Visio, a photoresin with reduced autofluorescence, we show a significant reduction in autofluorescence of the platform. Further, by integrating apertures onto the substrate with a gold coating, the influence of autofluorescence on imaging is almost completely mitigated. With this new platform, we demonstrate the ability to image a pair of epithelial cells as they are stretched up to 250% strain, allowing us to observe junction rupture and F-actin retraction while simultaneously recording the accumulation of over 800 kPa of stress in the junction. The platform and methodology presented here can potentially enable detailed investigation of the mechanics of and mechanotransduction in cell-cell junctions and improve the design of other TPP platforms in mechanobiology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Rosenbohm
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Grayson Minnick
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Bahareh Tajvidi Safa
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Amir Monemian Esfahani
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Xiaowei Jin
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Haiwei Zhai
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Nickolay V Lavrik
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6054, USA.
| | - Ruiguo Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
- Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
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2
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Cornish GA, Eyegheleme NL, Hudson LS, Troy KJ, Vollen MM, Boreyko JB. Transpiration-powered desalination water bottle. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1287-1293. [PMID: 35048942 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01470f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by mangrove trees, we present a theoretical design and analysis of a portable desalinating water bottle powered by transpiration. The bottle includes an annular fin for absorbing solar heat, which is used to boost the evaporation rate of water from the interior synthetic leaf. This synthetic leaf comprises a nanoporous film deposited atop a supporting micromesh. Water evaporating from the leaf generates a highly negative Laplace pressure, which pulls the overlying source water across an upstream reverse osmosis membrane. Evaporated water is re-condensed in the bottom of the bottle for collection. The benefit of our hybrid approach to desalination is that reverse osmosis is spontaneously enabled by transpiration, while the thermal evaporation process is enhanced by heat localization and made more durable by pre-filtering the salt. We estimate that a 9.4 cm diameter bottle, with a 10 cm wide annular fin, could harvest about a liter of fresh water per day from ocean water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ndidi L Eyegheleme
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | | | | | - Maia M Vollen
- George Mason High School, Falls Church, VA 22046, USA
| | - Jonathan B Boreyko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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3
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Samanta A, Huang W, Parveg ASMS, Kotak P, Auyeung RCY, Charipar NA, Shaw SK, Ratner A, Lamuta C, Ding H. Enabling Superhydrophobicity-Guided Superwicking in Metal Alloys via a Nanosecond Laser-Based Surface Treatment Method. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:41209-41219. [PMID: 34415724 PMCID: PMC8414485 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Enabling capillary wicking on bulk metal alloys is challenging due to processing complexity at different size scales. This work presents a laser-chemical surface treatment to fabricate superwicking patterns guided by a superhydrophobic region over a large-area metal alloy surface. The laser-chemical surface treatment generates surface micro/nanostructures and desirable surface chemistry simultaneously. The superhydrophobic surface was first fabricated over the whole surface by laser treatment under water confinement and fluorosilane treatment; subsequently, superwicking stripes were processed by a second laser treatment in air and cyanosilane treatment. The resultant surface shows superwicking regions surrounded by superhydrophobic regions. During the process, superwicking regions possess dual-scale structures and polar nitrile surface chemistry. In contrast, random nanoscale structures and fluorocarbon chemistry are generated on the superhydrophobic region of the aluminum alloy 6061 substrates. The resultant superwicking region demonstrates self-propelling anti-gravity liquid transport for methanol and water. The combination of the capillary effect of the dual-scale surface microgrooves and the water affinitive nitrile group contributes toward the self-propelling movement of water and methanol at the superwicking region. The initial phase of wicking followed Washburn dynamics, whereas it entered a non-linear regime in the later phase. The wicking height and rate are regulated by microgroove geometry and spacing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avik Samanta
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Wuji Huang
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - A. S. M. Sazzad Parveg
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Parth Kotak
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Raymond C. Y. Auyeung
- U.S.
Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave., SW, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Charipar
- U.S.
Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave., SW, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Scott K. Shaw
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Albert Ratner
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Caterina Lamuta
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Hongtao Ding
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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4
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Zheng D, Choi CH, Sun G, Zhao X. Superwicking on Nanoporous Micropillared Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:30925-30931. [PMID: 32525647 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Engineering surfaces with excellent wicking properties is of critical importance to a wide range of applications. Here, we report a facile method to create superhydrophilic nanoporous micropillared surfaces of silicon and their applicability to superwicking. Nanopores with a good control of the pore depth are realized over the entire surface of three-dimensional micropillar structures by electrochemical etching in hydrofluoric acid. After rinsing in hydrogen peroxide, the nanoporous micropillared surface shows superhydrophilicity with the superwicking effect. The entire spreading process of a water droplet on the superhydrophilic nanoporous micropillared surface is completed in less than 50 ms, with an average velocity of 91.2 mm/s, which is significantly faster than the other wicking surfaces reported. Owing to the presence of nanopores on the micropillar array, the wicking dynamics is distinct from the surfaces decorated only by micropillar arrays. The spreading dynamics of a water droplet shows two distinct processes simultaneously, including the capillary penetration between micropillars and the capillary imbibition into the nanopore's interior. The wicking dynamics can be described by the two stages separated by the time when the contact line starts to recede. The transition between the two wicking regimes is due to the increasing effect of the imbibition of the bulk droplet by the nanopores. While a similar transition of the wicking dynamics is shown on the surfaces with different pore depths, the nanopore structure with a greater depth causes a greater amount of imbibition to slow down the spreading and promote superwicking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyin Zheng
- Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Hwan Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Guangyi Sun
- Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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5
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Penchoff DA, Peterson CC, Quint MS, Auxier JD, Schweitzer GK, Jenkins DM, Harrison RJ, Hall HL. Structural Characteristics, Population Analysis, and Binding Energies of [An(NO 3)] 2+ (with An = Ac to Lr). ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:14127-14143. [PMID: 31458106 PMCID: PMC6645087 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Efficient predictive capabilities are essential for the actinide series since regulatory constraints for radioactive work, associated costs needed for specialized facilities, and the short half-lives of many actinides present great challenges in laboratory settings. Improved predictive accuracy is advantageous for numerous applications including the optimization and design of separation agents for nuclear fuel and waste. One limitation of calculations in support of these applications is that the large variations observed from predictions obtained with currently available methods can make comparisons across studies uncertain. Benchmarking currently available computational methodologies is essential to establish reliable practices across the community to guarantee an accurate physical description of the systems studied. To understand the performance of a variety of common theoretical methods, a systematic analysis of differences observed in the prediction of structural characteristics, electron withdrawing effects, and binding energies of [An(NO3)]2+ (with An = Ac to Lr) in gas and aqueous phases is reported. Population analysis obtained with Mulliken and Löwdin reflect a large dependence on the level of theory of choice, whereas those obtained with natural bond orbital show larger consistency across methodologies. Predicted stability across the actinide series calculated with coupled cluster with perturbative doubles and triples at the triple ζ level is equivalent to the one obtained when extrapolated to the complete basis set limit. The ground state of [Fm(NO3)]2+ and [Md(NO3)]2+ is predicted to have an electronic structure corresponding to An III state in gas and An IV in aqueous phase, whereas the ground state of [An(NO3)]2+ (with An = Ac to Es, Lr) presents an electronic structure corresponding to An IV in the gas and aqueous phase. The compounds studied with No in gas and aqueous phase present a preferred No III state, and the Lr compounds did not follow trends predicted for the rest of the actinide series, as previously observed in studies regarding its unusual electronic structure relative to its position in the periodic table.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A. Penchoff
- Institute
for Nuclear Security, University of Tennessee, 1640 Cumberland Avenue, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Joint
Institute for Computational Sciences, Oak
Ridge National Laboratory, Oak
Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Charles C. Peterson
- Research
Information Technology Services, University
of North Texas, 225 South Avenue B, Denton, Texas 76201, United
States
| | - Mark S. Quint
- Department
of Nuclear Engineering, University of Tennessee, 301 Middle Drive, Pasqua Nuclear
Engineering Building, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- US
Army Nuclear and Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction Agency (USANCA), United States Army, Ft. Jackson, South Carolina 29715, United States
| | - John D. Auxier
- Radiochemistry
Center of Excellence (RCOE), University
of Tennessee, 1508 Middle
Drive, Ferris Hall, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - George K. Schweitzer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 1420 Circle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - David M. Jenkins
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 1420 Circle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Robert J. Harrison
- Institute
for Advanced Computational Science, Stony
Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York 11790, United
States
- Brookhaven
National Laboratory, Computational Science, Building 725, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Howard L. Hall
- Institute
for Nuclear Security, University of Tennessee, 1640 Cumberland Avenue, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Radiochemistry
Center of Excellence (RCOE), University
of Tennessee, 1508 Middle
Drive, Ferris Hall, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Y-12
National Security Complex, Oak
Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
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6
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Lincoln D, Charlton JJ, Hatab NA, Skyberg B, Lavrik NV, Kravchenko II, Bradshaw JA, Sepaniak MJ. Surface Modification of Silicon Pillar Arrays To Enhance Fluorescence Detection of Uranium and DNA. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:7313-7319. [PMID: 30023546 PMCID: PMC6045356 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
There is an ever-growing need for detection methods that are both sensitive and efficient, such that reagent and sample consumption is minimized. Nanopillar arrays offer an attractive option to fill this need by virtue of their small scale in conjunction with their field enhancement intensity gains. This work investigates the use of nanopillar substrates for the detection of the uranyl ion and DNA, two analytes unalike but for their low quantum efficiencies combined with the need for high-throughput analyses. Herein, the adaptability of these platforms was explored, as methods for the successful surface immobilization of both analytes were developed and compared, resulting in a limit of detection for the uranyl ion of less than 1 ppm with a 0.2 μL sample volume. Moreover, differentiation between single-stranded and double-stranded DNA was possible, including qualitative identification between double-stranded DNA and DNA of the same sequence, but with a 10-base-pair mismatch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle
R. Lincoln
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee
Knoxville, 552 Buehler
Hall, 1420 Circle Dr., Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Jennifer J. Charlton
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee
Knoxville, 552 Buehler
Hall, 1420 Circle Dr., Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Nahla A. Hatab
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee
Knoxville, 552 Buehler
Hall, 1420 Circle Dr., Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Brittany Skyberg
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee
Knoxville, 552 Buehler
Hall, 1420 Circle Dr., Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Nickolay V. Lavrik
- The
Center for Nanophase Material Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O.
Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Ivan I. Kravchenko
- The
Center for Nanophase Material Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O.
Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - James A. Bradshaw
- Y-12
National Security Complex, Oak Ridge Metrology Organization, P.O. Box 2009, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Michael J. Sepaniak
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee
Knoxville, 552 Buehler
Hall, 1420 Circle Dr., Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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7
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Wallace RA, Sepaniak MJ, Lavrik NV, Datskos PG. Evaluation of Porous Silicon Oxide on Silicon Microcantilevers for Sensitive Detection of Gaseous HF. Anal Chem 2017; 89:6272-6276. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. Wallace
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Michael J. Sepaniak
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Nickolay V. Lavrik
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Panos G. Datskos
- Engineering
Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
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8
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Strickhouser RB, Hatab NA, Lavrik NV, Sepaniak MJ. Centrifugal-driven, reduced-dimension, planar chromatography. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:438-444. [PMID: 28504823 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A fundamental problem with efficiency in capillary action driven planar chromatography results from diminishing flow rates as development proceeds, giving rise to molecular diffusion related band dispersion for most sample types. Overpressure and electrokinetic means to speed flow have been used successfully in TLC. We explore the use of centrifugal force (CF) to drive flow for reduced-dimension planar platforms (ultra-TLC, low micrometer features, and nano-TLC, nanoscale features). The silicon wafer platforms have two forms of continuous 2D arrays created by either photolithography or metal dewetting followed by deep reactive ion etching and coated with porous SiO2 . The flow pattern is unusual with co-planar flows above and within the arrays. The effects of parameters such as spin rate, solvent type, and surface character on flow rates is established and can be substantially greater than capillary action flow. Using fluorescent dyes, we investigate retardation factors and chromatographic plate height; the latter falls in the low to sub-micrometer range. To the best of our knowledge, we demonstrate the first analytical separations performed in pillar arrays using CF to augment solvent flow.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nahla A Hatab
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Nickolay V Lavrik
- Center of Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
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9
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Wallace RA, Lavrik NV, Sepaniak MJ. Ultra‐thin layer chromatography with integrated silver colloid‐based SERS detection. Electrophoresis 2016; 38:361-367. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. Wallace
- Department of Chemistry University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA
| | - Nickolay V. Lavrik
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN USA
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10
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Crane NA, Lavrik NV, Sepaniak MJ. Manipulating the inter pillar gap in pillar array ultra-thin layer planar chromatography platforms. Analyst 2016; 141:1239-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an02274f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An advantage of separation platforms based on deterministic micro- and nano-fabrications, relative to traditional systems based on packed beds of particles, is the exquisite control of all morphological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nickolay V. Lavrik
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
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11
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Charlton JJ, Jones NC, Wallace RA, Smithwick RW, Bradshaw JA, Kravchenko II, Lavrik NV, Sepaniak MJ. Nanopillar Based Enhanced-Fluorescence Detection of Surface-Immobilized Beryllium. Anal Chem 2015; 87:6814-21. [PMID: 26041094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The unique properties associated with beryllium metal ensures the continued use in many industries despite the documented health and environmental risks. While engineered safeguards and personal protective equipment can reduce risks associated with working with the metal, it has been mandated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) that the workplace air and surfaces must be monitored for toxic levels. While many methods have been developed to monitor levels down to the low μg/m(3), the complexity and expense of these methods have driven the investigation into alternate methodologies. Herein, we use a combination of the previously developed fluorescence Be(II) ion detection reagent, 10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinoline (HBQ), with an optical field enhanced silicon nanopillar array, creating a new surface immobilized (si-HBQ) platform. The si-HBQ platform allows the positive control of the reagent for demonstrated reusability and a pillar diameter based tunable enhancement. Furthermore, native silicon nanopillars are overcoated with thin layers of porous silicon oxide to develop an analytical platform capable of a 0.0006 μg/L limit of detection (LOD) using sub-μL sample volumes. Additionally, we demonstrate a method to multiplex the introduction of the sample to the platform, with minimal 5.2% relative standard deviation (RSD) at 0.1 μg/L, to accommodate the potentially large number of samples needed to maintain industrial compliance. The minimal sample and reagent volumes and lack of complex and highly specific instrumentation, as well as positive control and reusability of traditionally consumable reagents, create a platform that is accessible and economically advantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J Charlton
- †The University of Tennessee Knoxville, Department of Chemistry, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States.,‡Y-12 National Security Complex, Analytical Chemistry Organization, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Natalie C Jones
- ‡Y-12 National Security Complex, Analytical Chemistry Organization, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States.,∥Northern Arizona University, College of Engineering, Forestry, and Natural Sciences, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011, United States
| | - Ryan A Wallace
- †The University of Tennessee Knoxville, Department of Chemistry, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Robert W Smithwick
- ‡Y-12 National Security Complex, Analytical Chemistry Organization, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - James A Bradshaw
- †The University of Tennessee Knoxville, Department of Chemistry, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States.,‡Y-12 National Security Complex, Analytical Chemistry Organization, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Ivan I Kravchenko
- §The Center for Nanophase Material Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Nickolay V Lavrik
- §The Center for Nanophase Material Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Michael J Sepaniak
- †The University of Tennessee Knoxville, Department of Chemistry, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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12
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Kirchner TB, Strickhouser RB, Hatab NA, Charlton JJ, Kravchenko II, Lavrik NV, Sepaniak MJ. Nanoscale pillar arrays for separations. Analyst 2015; 140:3347-51. [PMID: 25857214 DOI: 10.1039/c4an02187h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The work presented herein evaluates silicon nano-pillar arrays for use in planar chromatography. Electron beam lithography and metal thermal dewetting protocols were used to create nano-thin layer chromatography platforms. With these fabrication methods we are able to reduce the size of the characteristic features in a separation medium below that used in ultra-thin layer chromatography; i.e. pillar heights are 1-2 μm and pillar diameters are typically in the 200-400 nm range. In addition to the intrinsic nanoscale aspects of the systems, it is shown they can be further functionalized with nanoporous layers and traditional stationary phases for chromatography; hence exhibit broad-ranging lab-on-a-chip and point-of-care potential. Because of an inherent high permeability and very small effective mass transfer distance between pillars, chromatographic efficiency can be very high but is enhanced herein by stacking during development and focusing while drying, yielding plate heights in the nm range separated band volumes. Practical separations of fluorescent dyes, fluorescently derivatized amines, and anti-tumor drugs are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa B Kirchner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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13
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Wallace RA, Charlton JJ, Kirchner TB, Lavrik NV, Datskos PG, Sepaniak MJ. Superhydrophobic Analyte Concentration Utilizing Colloid-Pillar Array SERS Substrates. Anal Chem 2014; 86:11819-25. [DOI: 10.1021/ac5033947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. Wallace
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Jennifer J. Charlton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Y-12 National
Security Complex, Analytical Chemistry Organization, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Teresa B. Kirchner
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Nickolay V. Lavrik
- Center for Nanophase
Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Panos G. Datskos
- Engineering Technology
Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak
Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Michael J. Sepaniak
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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