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Maschio R, Buonsanti F, Crivellin F, Ferretti F, Lattuada L, Maisano F, Orio L, Pizzuto L, Campanella R, Clouet A, Cavallotti C, Giovenzana GB. Improved synthesis of DA364, an NIR fluorescence RGD probe targeting α vβ 3 integrin. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8584-8592. [PMID: 37855098 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01206a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Optical imaging (OI) is gaining increasing attention in medicine as a non-invasive diagnostic imaging technology and as a useful tool for image-guided surgery. OI exploits the light emitted in the near-infrared region by fluorescent molecules able to penetrate living tissues. Cyanines are an important class of fluorescent molecules and by their conjugation to peptides it is possible to achieve optical imaging of tumours by selective targeting. We report here the improvements obtained in the synthesis of DA364, a small fluorescent probe (1.5 kDa) prepared by conjugation of pentamethine cyanine Cy5.5 to an RGD peptidomimetic, which can target tumour cells overexpressing integrin αvβ3 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachele Maschio
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| | - Federica Buonsanti
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre, Via Ribes 5, 10010 Colleretto Giacosa, TO, Italy.
| | - Federico Crivellin
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre, Via Ribes 5, 10010 Colleretto Giacosa, TO, Italy.
| | - Fulvio Ferretti
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre, Via Ribes 5, 10010 Colleretto Giacosa, TO, Italy.
| | - Luciano Lattuada
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre, Via Ribes 5, 10010 Colleretto Giacosa, TO, Italy.
| | - Federico Maisano
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre, Via Ribes 5, 10010 Colleretto Giacosa, TO, Italy.
| | - Laura Orio
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre, Via Ribes 5, 10010 Colleretto Giacosa, TO, Italy.
| | - Lorena Pizzuto
- Bracco Imaging Spa, Bracco Research Centre, Via Ribes 5, 10010 Colleretto Giacosa, TO, Italy.
| | - Raphael Campanella
- Bracco Suisse SA, Route de la Galaise 31, 1228 Plan le Ouates, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Clouet
- Bracco Suisse SA, Route de la Galaise 31, 1228 Plan le Ouates, Switzerland
| | | | - Giovanni B Giovenzana
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy.
- CAGE Chemicals Srl, Via Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy
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2
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Development of Cyanine 813@Imidazole-Based Doped Supported Devices for Divalent Metal Ions Detection. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10020080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A NIR cyanine@imidazole derivative Cy1 was synthesized and evaluated as a metal ion sensor in solution. Cy1 was shown to be very sensitive to all metal ions tested, presenting a blue shift in the absorption from 668 nm to 633 nm, followed by a change in colour from pale green to blue with Zn2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Ni2+ and Hg2+ ions. Despite the blue shift in the absorption, a decrease at 633 nm (with a colour change from pale green to colourless), as well as a quenching in the emission intensity at 785 nm were observed for Cu2+ ions. The results show the formation of sandwich complexes of two ligands per metal ion with the highest association constant observed for Cu2+ (Log Kass.abs = 14.76 ± 0.09; Log Kass.emis. = 14.79 ± 0.06). The minimal detectable amounts were found to be 31 nM and 37 nM, with a naked eye detection of 2.9 ppm and 2.1 ppm for Hg2+ and Cu2+ ions, respectively. These results prompted us to explore the applicability of Cy1 by its combination with nanomaterials. Thus, Cy1@ doped MNs and Cy1@ doped PMMA nanoparticles were synthesized. Both nanosystems were shown to be very sensitive to Cu2+ ions in water, allowing a naked-eye detection of at least 1 ppm for Cy1@ doped MNs and 7 ppm for Cy1@ doped PMMA. This colourimetric response is an easy and inexpensive way to assess the presence of metals in aqueous media with no need for further instrumentation.
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4
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Schreiber CL, Zhai C, Smith BD. Structural Engineering of Fluorescent Self-Threaded Peptide Probes for Targeted Cell Imaging †. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 98:354-361. [PMID: 33934361 DOI: 10.1111/php.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Squaraine figure-eight (SF8) molecules are a new class of deep-red fluorescent probes that are well suited for fluorescence cell microscopy due to their very high fluorescence brightness and excellent stability. Three homologous SF8 probes, with peptidyl loops that differ by very minor changes in the peptide sequence, were synthesized and assessed for probe uptake by cancer cells. One of probes included the RGD motif that is recognized by many classes of integrin receptors that reside on the surface of the cancer cells, and it permeated the cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. In contrast, cell microscopy showed that there was negligible cell uptake of the two homologous SF8 probes indicating differences in probe targeting capability. The synthetic method allows for easy alteration of the peptide sequence; thus, it is straightforward to develop new classes of peptidyl SF8 probes with loop sequences that target other cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia L Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Canjia Zhai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Bradley D Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
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5
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Goryunova MS, Arzhanik VK, Zavriev SK, Ryazantsev DY. Rolling circle amplification with fluorescently labeled dUTP-balancing the yield and degree of labeling. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:3737-3748. [PMID: 33834268 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03322-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Detection methods based on rolling circle amplification (RCA) have been applied to a large number of targets in molecular biology. The key feature of RCA-based methods as well as other nucleic acid amplification methods is their exceptional sensitivity, which allows the detection of molecules at low concentrations, achieved by signal amplification due to nucleic acid magnification and subsequent detection. Variations on the method, such as immuno-RCA, extend the range of potential targets that can be detected. Employing fluorescently labeled nucleotides for direct incorporation into an amplification product is an attractive method for RCA product detection. However, the effectiveness of this approach remains doubtful. In our study, we utilized different modified dUTPs, including sulfo-cyanine3-dUTP, sulfo-cyanine5-dUTP, sulfo-cyanine5.5-dUTP, BDP-FL-dUTP, and amino-11-dUTP, to investigate whether the properties of the fluorophore used for modification affected the reaction yield and effectiveness of incorporation of nucleotide analogs by phi29 DNA polymerase. Among the modified dUTPs, sulfo-cyanine3-dUTP demonstrated the highest incorporation effectiveness, equal to 4-9 labels per 1000 nucleotides. The mean length of the RCA product was estimated to be approximately 175,000 nucleotides. The total increase in fluorescence from a single target/product complex was 850 times. The results obtained in the study illustrate the possibility of successful application of nucleotide analogs for RCA detection and present quantitative characteristics of fluorescently labeled dUTPs to be incorporated into RCA products.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Goryunova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Russian Academy of Science, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - V K Arzhanik
- Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1, building 12, 119234, Moscow, Russia
| | - S K Zavriev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Russian Academy of Science, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Y Ryazantsev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Russian Academy of Science, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, 117997, Moscow, Russia.
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6
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de Saint Germain A, Clavé G, Boyer FD. Synthesis of Profluorescent Strigolactone Probes for Biochemical Studies. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2309:219-231. [PMID: 34028690 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1429-7_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this chapter, we will describe a method we set up to synthesize two profluorescent strigolactone (SL) mimic probes (GC240 and GC242) and the optimized protocols developed to study the enzymatic properties of various strigolactone receptors. The Arabidopsis AtD14 SL receptor is used here as a model for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillaume Clavé
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - François-Didier Boyer
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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7
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Kim MH, Kim SG, Kim DW. Dual-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting agent for preoperative molecular imaging and fluorescence-guided surgery for prostate cancer. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2021; 64:4-13. [PMID: 33037721 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to report the synthesis and characteristics of a dual modality imaging agent, Tc-99m GRFLTGGTGRLLRIS-GHEG-ECG-K(-5-carboxy-X-rhodamine)-NH2 (GRFLT-ECG-ROX), and to verify its feasibility as both molecular imaging and intraoperative guidance agent. GRFLT-ECG-ROX was synthesized using Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis. Radiolabeling of GRFLT-ECG-ROX with Tc-99m was accomplished using ligand exchange via tartrate. Binding affinity and in vitro cellular uptake studies were performed. Gamma camera imaging, biodistribution, and ex vivo imaging studies were performed using LNCaP and PC-3 tumor-bearing murine models. Surgical removal of tumor nodules in murine models with peritoneal carcinomatosis was performed under a fluorescence imaging system. After radiolabeling procedures with Tc-99m, Tc-99m GRFLT-ECG-ROX complexes were prepared in high yield (>96%). The binding affinity value (Kd ) of Tc-99m GRFLT-ECG-ROX for LNCaP cells was estimated to be 9.5 ± 1.3 nM. In gamma camera imaging, the tumor to normal muscle uptake ratios of Tc-99m GRFLT-ECG-ROX increased with time (3.1 ± 0.2, 4.0 ± 0.4, and 6.3 ± 0.9 at 1, 2, and 3 h, respectively). Under real-time optical imaging, the removal of visible nodules was successfully performed. Thus, Tc-99m GRFLT-ECG-ROX could provide both preoperative molecular imaging and fluorescence imaging guidance for tumor removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Hyoun Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Seul-Gi Kim
- Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Agent (RUMIA), Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Dae-Weung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
- Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Agent (RUMIA), Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
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8
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Wang Y, Lei Z, Wang C, Cao C, Hu J, Du L, Han L, Li C. Unsymmetrical pentamethine cyanines for visualizing physiological acidities from the whole-animal to the cellular scale with pH-responsive deep-red fluorescence. RSC Adv 2021; 11:17871-17879. [PMID: 35480181 PMCID: PMC9033229 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02217b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Unsymmetrical pentamethine cyanine fluorophores were developed and used to visualize physiological acidities from the whole-animal to the cellular scale with pH-responsive deep-red fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Wang
- Minhang Hospital and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery
- Ministry of Education
- School of Pharmacy
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
| | - Zuhai Lei
- Minhang Hospital and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery
- Ministry of Education
- School of Pharmacy
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
| | - Cong Wang
- Minhang Hospital and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery
- Ministry of Education
- School of Pharmacy
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
| | - Chong Cao
- Minhang Hospital and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery
- Ministry of Education
- School of Pharmacy
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
| | - Jiayi Hu
- Minhang Hospital and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery
- Ministry of Education
- School of Pharmacy
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
| | - Ling Du
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Full Cycle Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission
- Minhang Hospital
- Fudan University
- Shangha
- China
| | - Limei Han
- Minhang Hospital and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery
- Ministry of Education
- School of Pharmacy
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
| | - Cong Li
- Minhang Hospital and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery
- Ministry of Education
- School of Pharmacy
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
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9
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Zhai C, Schreiber CL, Padilla-Coley S, Oliver AG, Smith BD. Fluorescent Self-Threaded Peptide Probes for Biological Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23740-23747. [PMID: 32930474 PMCID: PMC7736561 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A general synthetic method creates a new class of covalently connected, self-threaded, fluorescent molecular probes with figure-eight topology, an encapsulated deep-red fluorophore, and two peripheral peptide loops. The globular molecular shape and rigidified peptide loops enhance imaging performance by promoting water solubility, eliminating probe self-aggregation, and increasing probe stability. Moreover, the peptide loops determine the affinity and selectivity for targets within complex biological samples such as cell culture, tissue histology slices, or living subjects. For example, a probe with cell-penetrating peptide loops targets the surface of cell plasma membranes, whereas, a probe with bone-targeting peptide loops selectively stains the skeleton within a living mouse. The unique combination of bright deep-red fluorescence, high stability, and predictable peptide-based targeting is ideal for photon intense fluorescence microscopy and biological imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canjia Zhai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Cynthia L. Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Sasha Padilla-Coley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Allen G. Oliver
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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10
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Zhai C, Schreiber CL, Padilla‐Coley S, Oliver AG, Smith BD. Fluorescent Self‐Threaded Peptide Probes for Biological Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Canjia Zhai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 251 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Cynthia L. Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 251 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Sasha Padilla‐Coley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 251 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Allen G. Oliver
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 251 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 251 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
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11
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Wolf N, Kersting L, Herok C, Mihm C, Seibel J. High-Yielding Water-Soluble Asymmetric Cyanine Dyes for Labeling Applications. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9751-9760. [PMID: 32686416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient microwave-assisted synthesis of asymmetric pentamethine cyanine dyes with various functional groups was developed, which allows high-yielding results. The synthesized dyes are modifiable and suitable for single-molecule imaging in biological and medical sciences by application of click chemistry or classic esterification and amidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Wolf
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Louise Kersting
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Herok
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Cornelius Mihm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Juergen Seibel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
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12
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Dobson DE, Mahoney ER, Mach TP, LeTourneau RJ, Schmitthenner HF. Pentamethine sulfobenzoindocyanine dyes with low net charge states and high photostability. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2020; 19:56-65. [PMID: 31825058 PMCID: PMC6980914 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00445a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of Cy5.5 dye analogs and targeted probes with net charges varied from -3 to 0 were synthesized by an optimized method, followed by comparing their spectral and photostability properties in saturated solutions of air, oxygen, and argon. The Cy5.5 analogs with reduced charge were relatively stable when irridated at their excitation maxima, with a trend of higher stability with lower net charge states. The photostability of dyes was markedly lower in pure oxygen and higher in inert argon relative to ambient atmospheric conditions. The stability of c(RGDyK) conjugates as models of targeted molecular imaging agents mirrored these results and demonstrated the practical utility of the new family of Cy5.5 fluorophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien E Dobson
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Emily R Mahoney
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Toan P Mach
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Ryan J LeTourneau
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Hans F Schmitthenner
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA.
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Wang X, Zha J, Zhang W, Zhang W, Tang B. In vivo pharmacodynamic evaluation of antidepressants based on flux mitochondrial Cys in living mice via near infrared fluorescence imaging. Analyst 2020; 145:6119-6124. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01364a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We proposed a new strategy for in vivo evaluation of antidepressants through NIRF imaging for mitochondrial Cys in the mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- People's Republic of China
| | | | - Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- People's Republic of China
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Muttenthaler M, Nevin ST, Inserra M, Lewis RJ, Adams DJ, Alewood P. On-resin strategy to label α-conotoxins: Cy5-RgIA, a potent α9α10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor imaging probe. Aust J Chem 2019; 73:327-333. [PMID: 32394983 PMCID: PMC7212043 DOI: 10.1071/ch19456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In-solution conjugation is the most commonly used strategy to label peptides and proteins with fluorophores. However, lack of site-specific control and high costs of fluorophores are recognised limitations of this approach. Here, we established facile access to grams of Cy5-COOH via a two-step synthetic route, demonstrated that Cy5 is stable to HF treatment and therefore compatible with Boc-SPPS, and coupled Cy5 to the N-terminus of α-conotoxin RgIA while still attached to the resin. Folding of the two-disulfide containing Cy5-RgIA benefitted from the hydrophobic nature of Cy5 resulting in only the globular disulfide bond isomer. In contrast, wild-type α-RgIA folded into the inactive ribbon and bioactive globular isomer under the same conditions. Labelled α-RgIA retained its ability to inhibit acetylcholine(100 μM)-evoked current reversibly with an IC50 of 5.0 nM (Hill coefficient = 1.7) for α-RgIA and an IC50 of 1.6 (Hill coefficient = 1.2) for Cy5-RgIA at the α9α10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) heterologeously expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Cy5-RgIA was then used to successfully visualise nAChRs in RAW264.7 mouse macrophage cell line. This work introduced not only a new and valuable nAChR probe, but also a new versatile synthetic strategy that facilitates production of milligram to gram quantities of fluorophore-labelled peptides at low cost, which is often required for in vivo experiments. The strategy is compatible with Boc- and Fmoc-chemistry, allows for site-specific labelling of free amines anywhere in the peptide sequence, and can also be used for the introduction of Cy3/Cy5 FRET pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon T Nevin
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marco Inserra
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David J Adams
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Paul Alewood
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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15
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Guan Y, Zhang Y, Zou J, Huang LP, Chordia MD, Yue W, Wu JJ, Pan DF. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Genistein-IR783 Conjugate: Cancer Cell Targeted Delivery in MCF-7 for Superior Anti-Cancer Therapy. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224120. [PMID: 31739548 PMCID: PMC6891397 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The flavonoid-based natural product genistein is a biologically active compound possessing promising anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties. Poor pharmacokinetics along with low potency limit however the therapeutic application of genistein in cancer therapy. In order to overcome those limitations and to expand its therapeutic window of efficacy, we sought to covalently attach genistein with a heptamethine cyanine dye—IR 783—for cancer cell targeting and enhanced delivery to tumors. Herein we report the synthesis, a selective detailed characterization and preliminary in vitro/in vivo biological evaluation of genistein-IR 783 conjugate 4. The conjugate 4 displayed improved potency against human breast cancer MCF-7 cells (10.4 ± 1.0 μM) as compared with the parent genistein (24.8 ± 0.5 μM) or IR 783 (25.7 ± 0.7 μM) and exhibited selective high uptake in MCF-7 as against the normal mammary gland MCF-10A cells in various assays. In the cell viability assay, conjugate 4 exhibited over threefold lower potency against MCF-10A cells (32.1 ± 1.1 μM) suggesting that the anti-cancer profile of parent genistein is significantly improved upon conjugation with the dye IR783. Furthermore, the genistein-IR783 conjugate 4 was shown to be especially accumulated in MCF-7 cancer cells by fluorescent intensity measurements and inverted fluorescence microscopy in fixed cells as well as in live cells with time via live cell confocal fluorescence imaging. The mechanism-based uptake inhibition of conjugate 4 was observed with OATPs inhibitor BSP and in part with amiloride, as a macropinocytosis inhibitor. For the first time we have shown amiloride inhibited uptake of cyanine dye by about ~40%. Finally, genistein-IR 783 conjugate 4 was shown to be localized in MCF-7 tumor xenografts of mice breast cancer model via in vivo near infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging. In conclusion, conjugation of genistein with cyanine dye IR783 indeed improved its pharmacological profile by cancer cell selective uptake and targeting and therefore warrants further investigations as a new anti-cancer therapeutics derived from natural product genistein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Guan
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China; (Y.G.); (L.-P.H.)
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China;
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; (Y.Z.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; (Y.Z.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Juan Zou
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China;
| | - Li-Ping Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China; (Y.G.); (L.-P.H.)
| | - Mahendra D. Chordia
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; (Y.Z.); (M.D.C.)
| | - Wei Yue
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA;
| | - Jin-Jun Wu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China;
- Correspondence: (J.-J.W.); (D.-F.P.); +86-159-1435-8366 (J.-J.W.); Tel.: +1-(434)-243-2893 (D.-F.P.)
| | - Dong-Feng Pan
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; (Y.Z.); (M.D.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.-J.W.); (D.-F.P.); +86-159-1435-8366 (J.-J.W.); Tel.: +1-(434)-243-2893 (D.-F.P.)
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Kim MH, Kim SG, Kim DW. A novel dual-modality imaging agent targeting folate receptor of tumor for molecular imaging and fluorescence-guided surgery. Ann Nucl Med 2019; 33:606-616. [PMID: 31134434 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-019-01369-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Folate receptor (FR) is an ideal target for cancer imaging because it is frequently overexpressed in major types of human tumor, whereas its expression in normal organs is highly limited. Combining nuclear and fluorescence-imaging techniques provides a novel approach for cancer imaging and monitoring the surgery. The objective of this study was to report the synthesis and characteristics of a dual-modality imaging agent, Tc-99m Folate-Gly-His-Glu-Gly-Glu-Cys-Gly-Lys(-5-carboxy-X-rhodamine)-NH2 (Folate-ECG-ROX), and verify its feasibility as both molecular imaging agent and intra-operative guidance. METHODS Folate-ECG-ROX was synthesized using Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis. Radiolabeling of Folate-ECG-ROX with Tc-99m was done using ligand exchange via tartrate. Binding affinity and in vitro cellular uptake studies were performed. Gamma camera imaging, biodistribution and ex vivo imaging studies were performed using KB and HT-1080 tumor-bearing murine models. Tumor tissue slides were prepared and analyzed with immunohistochemistry staining and confocal microscopy. Surgical removal of tumor nodules in murine models with peritoneal carcinomatosis was performed under the fluorescence-imaging system. RESULTS After radiolabeling procedures with Tc-99m, Tc-99m Folate-ECG-ROX complexes were prepared in high yield (> 97%). The binding affinity value (Kd) of Tc-99m Folate-ECG-ROX for KB cells was estimated to be 6.9 ± 0.9 nM. In gamma camera imaging, tumor to normal muscle uptake ratio of Tc-99m Folate-ECG-ROX increased with time (3.4 ± 0.4, 4.4 ± 0.7, and 6.6 ± 0.8 at 1, 2, and 3 h, respectively). In biodistribution study, %IA/g for KB tumor was 2.50 ± 0.80 and 4.08 ± 1.16 at 1 and 3 h, respectively. Confocal microscopy with immunohistochemistry staining detected strong Tc-99m Folate-ECG-ROX fluorescence within KB tumor tissue which is correlating with the fluorescent activity of anti-FR antibody. Under real-time optical imaging, the removal of visible nodules was successfully performed. CONCLUSIONS In vivo and in vitro studies revealed substantial and specific uptake of Tc-99m Folate-ECG-ROX in FR-positive tumors. Thus, Tc-99m Folate-ECG-ROX could provide both pre-operative molecular imaging and fluorescence image-guidance for tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Hyoun Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 344-2 Shinyong-Dong, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, 570-711, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Gi Kim
- Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Agent (RUMIA), Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 344-2 Shinyong-Dong, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, 570-711, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Weung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 344-2 Shinyong-Dong, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, 570-711, Republic of Korea. .,Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Agent (RUMIA), Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 344-2 Shinyong-Dong, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, 570-711, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Wang L, Lin W, Sun W, Yan M, Zhao J, Guan L, Deng W, Zhang Y. Meso-Substituent-Directed Aggregation Behavior and Water Solubility: Direct Functionalization of Methine Chain in Thiazole Orange and Biological Applications in Aqueous Buffer. J Org Chem 2019; 84:3960-3967. [PMID: 30834752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new strategy is presented to preclude aggregation and enhance water solubility of cyanine dyes. Namely, a heteroatom-containing substituent, for distorting molecular plane and increasing interaction with water molecules, is introduced to the methine chain of 2-thiazole orange (1, a monocyanine) via one-step, and 2-thiazole orange derivatives 2a-g are prepared accordingly. The X-ray crystal structures show that the molecular plane of 2a-g is drastically twisted, which reduces intermolecular π-π stacking. The derivatives 2a-g exhibit good to excellent water solubility and can be dissolved in aqueous phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at concentrations suitable for biomedical applications. No aggregation in aqueous PBS, relatively high molar extinction coefficients, and low solvatochromism of 2a-g are reflected by the UV-vis spectra. Compound 2b shows fast response and high selectivity for biothiols (Cys, Hcy, and GSH) in aqueous PBS and is further employed to detect endogenous biothiols with decent biocompatibility as demonstrated by live cell fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an 710127 , P.R. China
| | - Wenxia Lin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an 710127 , P.R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an 710127 , P.R. China
| | - Mengqi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an 710127 , P.R. China
| | - Junlong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an 710127 , P.R. China
| | - Li Guan
- School of Science , Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi'an 710055 , P.R. China
| | - Wenting Deng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an 710127 , P.R. China
| | - Yongqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Northwest University , Xi'an 710127 , P.R. China
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Abstract
In this study, we examine a means for developing near-IR fluorescent sensors through streamlined, site-specific coupling with peptide-based receptors. As the penultimate step of solid-phase synthesis of a peptide-based receptor, we show a simple means of labeling the N' terminus with the near IR fluorophore IR-783 to afford a viable fluorescent sensor after cleavage from the resin. The proof-of-concept probe utilized a biotin mimetic peptide sequence as the receptive moiety. Here we revealed a "turn-on" fluorescence enhancement upon binding of the biotin mimetic probe to its intended streptavidin target. Not all peptide-receptive moieties tested were able to generate such an enhancement upon target binding, and as such, the rationale for the observed fluorescence response properties is discussed.
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19
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Zhang C, Long L, Shi C. Mitochondria-Targeting IR-780 Dye and Its Derivatives: Synthesis, Mechanisms of Action, and Theranostic Applications. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Lei Long
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Chunmeng Shi
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Third Military Medical University; Chongqing 400038 China
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20
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Kim MH, Kim SG, Kim DW. Tc-99m and Fluorescence-Labeled Anti-Flt1 Peptide as a Multimodal Tumor Imaging Agent Targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Receptor 1. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018; 52:359-367. [PMID: 30344784 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-018-0535-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We developed a Tc-99m and fluorescence-labeled peptide, Tc-99m TAMRA-GHEG-ECG-GNQWFI, to target tumor cells, and evaluated the diagnostic performance as a dual-modality imaging agent for tumor in a murine model. Methods TAMRA-GHEG-ECG-GNQWFI was synthesized using Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis. Radiolabeling of TAMRA-GHEG-ECG-GNQWFI with Tc-99m was done using ligand exchange via tartrate. Binding affinity and in vitro cellular uptake studies were performed. Gamma camera imaging, biodistribution, and ex vivo imaging studies were performed in murine models with U87MG tumors. Tumor tissue slides were prepared and analyzed with immunohistochemistry using confocal microscopy. Results After radiolabeling procedures with Tc-99m, Tc-99m TAMRA-GHEG-ECG-GNQWFI complexes were prepared in high yield (> 95%). The K d of Tc-99m TAMRA-GHEG-ECG-GNQWFI determined by saturation binding was 29.5 ± 4.5 nM. Confocal microscopy images of U87MG cells incubated with TAMRA-GHEG-ECG-GNQWFI showed strong fluorescence in the cytoplasm. Gamma camera imaging revealed substantial uptake of Tc-99m TAMRA-GHEG-ECG-GNQWFI in tumors. Tumor uptake was effectively blocked by the co-injection of an excess concentration of GNQWFI. Specific uptake of Tc-99m TAMRA-GHEG-ECG-GNQWFI was assessed by biodistribution, ex vivo imaging, and immunohistochemistry stain studies. Conclusions In vivo and in vitro studies revealed substantial and specific uptake of Tc-99m TAMRA-GHEG-ECG-GNQWFI in tumor cells. Tc-99m TAMRA-GHEG-ECG-GNQWFI could be a good candidate dual-modality imaging agent for tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Hyoun Kim
- 1Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 344-2 Shinyong-Dong, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 570-711 Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Gi Kim
- 2Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Agent (RUMIA), Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 344-2 Shinyong-Dong, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 570-711 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Weung Kim
- 1Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 344-2 Shinyong-Dong, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 570-711 Republic of Korea.,2Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Agent (RUMIA), Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 344-2 Shinyong-Dong, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 570-711 Republic of Korea
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21
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Kim MH, Kim SG, Kim DW. A novel Tc-99m and fluorescence-labeled arginine-arginine-leucine-containing peptide as a multimodal tumor imaging agent in a murine tumor model. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2018; 61:557-566. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Hyoun Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science; Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan Jeollabuk-do South Korea
| | - Seul-Gi Kim
- Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Agent (RUMIA); Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan Jeollabuk-do South Korea
| | - Dae-Weung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science; Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan Jeollabuk-do South Korea
- Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Agent (RUMIA); Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan Jeollabuk-do South Korea
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22
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Kim MH, Kim CG, Kim SG, Kim DW. Synthesis and evaluation of Tc-99m and fluorescence-labeled elastin-derived peptide, VAPG for multimodal tumor imaging in murine tumor model. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2017; 60:649-658. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Hyoun Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science; Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan South Korea
| | - Chang Guhn Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science; Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan South Korea
| | - Seul-Gi Kim
- Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Agent (RUMIA); Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan South Korea
| | - Dae-Weung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science; Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan South Korea
- Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Agent (RUMIA); Wonkwang University School of Medicine; Iksan South Korea
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König SG, Krämer R. Accessing Structurally Diverse Near-Infrared Cyanine Dyes for Folate Receptor-Targeted Cancer Cell Staining. Chemistry 2017; 23:9306-9312. [PMID: 28339120 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Folate receptor (FR) targeting is one of the most promising strategies for the development of small-molecule-based cancer imaging agents considering that the FR is highly overexpressed on the surface of many cancer cell types. FR-targeted conjugates of near-infrared (NIR) emissive cyanine dyes are in advanced clinical trials for fluorescence-guided surgery and are valuable research tools for optical molecular imaging in animal models. Only a small number of promising conjugates has been evaluated so far. Analysis of structure-performance relations to identify critical factors modulating the performance of targeted conjugates is essential for successful further optimization. This contribution addresses the need for convenient synthetic access to structurally diverse NIR-emissive cyanine dyes for conjugation with folic acid. Structural variations were introduced to readily available cyanine precursors in particular via C-C-coupling reactions including Suzuki and (for the first time with these types of dyes) Sonogashira cross-couplings. Photophysical properties such as absorbance maxima, brightness, and photostability are highly dependent on the molecular structure. Selected modified cyanines were conjugated to folic acid for cancer cell targeting. Several conjugates display a favorable combination of high fluorescence brightness and photostability with high affinity to FR-positive cancer cells, and enable the selective imaging of these cells with low background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra G König
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 274, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roland Krämer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 274, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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24
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Kumar S, Achazi K, Licha K, Manchanda P, Haag R, Sharma SK. Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of dendronized polymers for cyanine dye encapsulation. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi India
| | - Katharina Achazi
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Kai Licha
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | | | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
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25
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Chen D, Wu IC, Liu Z, Tang Y, Chen H, Yu J, Wu C, Chiu DT. Semiconducting polymer dots with bright narrow-band emission at 800 nm for biological applications. Chem Sci 2017; 8:3390-3398. [PMID: 28507710 PMCID: PMC5416912 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00441a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes is critical for in vivo exploration of the fundamental and complex processes in living systems by noninvasive fluorescence imaging techniques. Semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) are emerging as important probes that exhibit several advantages, such as high brightness and biocompatibility. However, NIR-emitting Pdots are very rare, particularly at the center (∼800 nm) of the first optical window of biological tissues (between 650 nm and 950 nm). In this paper, we describe the synthesis of a semiconducting polymer with bright and narrow-band emission at 800 nm. The polymer was designed by incorporating a NIR porphyrin unit into a conjugated backbone; the polymer used a cascade energy transfer to produce the signal. The resulting Pdots possessed a narrow emission bandwidth (FWHM ∼ 23 nm) and good fluorescence quantum yield (QY = 8%), which is high for a near-IR emitter. The Pdots were bioconjugated with streptavidin for specific labeling of cellular targets, yielding higher staining index when compared with commercial NIR probes, such as PE-Cy7. Moreover, the NIR polymer was combined with a long-wavelength absorbing polymer to make bright Pdots (QY = 15%) for in vivo noninvasive imaging. These NIR Pdots with surface PEGylation led to high-contrast imaging of lymph nodes and tumors in a mouse model. This work highlights the great potential of the NIR Pdots for cellular and in vivo imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen , Guangdong 510855 , China .
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics , College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin 130012 , China
| | - I-Che Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , USA .
| | - Zhihe Liu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics , College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin 130012 , China
| | - Ying Tang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics , College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin 130012 , China
| | - Haobin Chen
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics , College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin 130012 , China
| | - Jiangbo Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , USA .
| | - Changfeng Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen , Guangdong 510855 , China .
| | - Daniel T Chiu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , USA .
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26
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Hyoun Kim M, Kim SG, Guhn Kim C, Kim DW. A novel Tc-99m and fluorescence labeled peptide as a multimodal imaging agent for targeting angiogenesis in a murine hindlimb ischemia model. Appl Radiat Isot 2016; 121:22-27. [PMID: 28013153 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The serine-aspartic acid-valine (SDV) peptide binds specifically to integrin αvβ3. We developed a Tc-99m and TAMRA labeled peptide, Tc-99m SDV-ECG-K-TAMRA for multimodal imaging of angiogenesis. Tc-99m SDV-ECG-K-TAMRA was prepared in high yield (>96%) and showed low cytotoxicity. Tc-99m tetrofosmin images 1 week after operation, revealed significantly decreased perfusion of the ischemic hindlimb, and the perfusion recovered gradually for 4 weeks. In contrast, Tc-99m SDV-ECG-K-TAMRA uptake was maximal 1 week after the operation (ischemic-to-non-ischemic uptake ratio =5.03±1.01) and decreased gradually. The ischemic-to-non-ischemic ratio of Tc-99m SDV-ECG-K-TAMRA and Tc-99m tetrofosmin was strongly negatively correlated (r =-0.94). A postmortem analysis revealed increased angiogenesis markers and uptake of Tc-99m SDV-ECG-K-TAMRA by ischemic tissue. Our in vivo and in vitro studies revealed substantial uptake of Tc-99m SDV-ECG-K-TAMRA by ischemic tissue. Tc-99m SDV-ECG-K-TAMRA could be a good candidate dual-modality imaging agent to assess angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Hyoun Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Seul-Gi Kim
- Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Agent (RUMIA), Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Chang Guhn Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Dae-Weung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea; Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Agent (RUMIA), Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.
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27
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Mertsch A, Letschert S, Memmel E, Sauer M, Seibel J. Synthesis and application of water-soluble, photoswitchable cyanine dyes for bioorthogonal labeling of cell-surface carbohydrates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 71:347-354. [DOI: 10.1515/znc-2016-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The synthesis of cyanine dyes addressing absorption wavelengths at 550 and 648 nm is reported. Alkyne functionalized dyes were used for bioorthogonal click reactions by labeling of metabolically incorporated sugar-azides on the surface of living neuroblastoma cells, which were applied to direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) for the visualization of cell-surface glycans in the nm-range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Mertsch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Letschert
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Memmel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Sauer
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Seibel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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28
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Lam T, Avti PK, Pouliot P, Tardif JC, Rhéaume É, Lesage F, Kakkar A. Magnetic resonance imaging/fluorescence dual modality protocol using designed phosphonate ligands coupled to superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:3969-3981. [PMID: 32263096 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb00821f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A simple and versatile methodology to tailor the surface of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), and render additional fluorescence capability to these contrast agents, is reported. The dual modality imaging protocol was developed by designing multi-functional scaffolds with a combination of orthogonal moieties for aqueous dispersion and stealth, to covalently link them to SPIONs, and carry out post-functionalization of nanoparticles. SPIONs stabilized with ligands incorporating surface-anchoring phosphonate groups, ethylene glycol backbone for aqueous dispersion, and free surface exposed OH moieties were coupled to near-infrared dye Cy5.5A. Our results demonstrate that design of multi-tasking ligands with desired combination and spatial distribution of functions provides an ideal platform to construct highly efficient dual imaging probes with balanced magnetic, optical and cell viability properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Lam
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada.
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29
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Huo X, Jia Y, Liu D, Gao L, Zhang L, Li L, Qi Y, Cao L. Photodynamic diagnosis of gastric cancer using HPPH-CD. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra27746a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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30
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Cardona MA, Kveder M, Baisch U, Probert MR, Magri DC. Water-soluble β-aminobisulfonate building blocks for pH and Cu2+ indicators. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17791c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two phenyl β-aminobisulfonate ligands characterised by UV-visible absorption, EPR and 1H NMR spectroscopy exhibit evidence for binding with Cu2+ in water and methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Cardona
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malta
- Msida
- Malta
| | - Marina Kveder
- Laboratory for Magnetic Resonances
- Division of Physical Chemistry
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute
- Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Ulrich Baisch
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malta
- Msida
- Malta
| | | | - David C. Magri
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malta
- Msida
- Malta
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31
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Liu HY, Wu PJ, Kuo SY, Chen CP, Chang EH, Wu CY, Chan YH. Quinoxaline-Based Polymer Dots with Ultrabright Red to Near-Infrared Fluorescence for In Vivo Biological Imaging. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:10420-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yi Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - Pei-Jing Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - Shih-Yu Kuo
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - Chuan-Pin Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - En-Hao Chang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - Chang-Yi Wu
- Department
of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien Hai
Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - Yang-Hsiang Chan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
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32
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Red Emitting Coumarins: Insights of Photophysical Properties with DFT Methods. J Fluoresc 2015; 25:1117-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-015-1602-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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33
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Yuan A, Qiu X, Tang X, Liu W, Wu J, Hu Y. Self-assembled PEG-IR-780-C13 micelle as a targeting, safe and highly-effective photothermal agent for in vivo imaging and cancer therapy. Biomaterials 2015; 51:184-193. [PMID: 25771009 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
IR-780, a representative hydrophobic near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence dye, is capable of fluorescently imaging and photothermal therapy in vitro and in vivo. However, insolubility in all pharmaceutically acceptable solvents limits its further biological applications. To increase solubility, we developed a novel self-assembled IR-780 containing micelle (PEG-IR-780-C13) based on the structural modification of IR-780. Briefly, a hydrophilic PEG2000 was modified on the one side of IR-780, and the hydrophobic carbon chain on the other side was extended from C3 to C16 (additional C13 carbon chain). The modification provides a better self-assemble capability, improved water solubility and higher stability. In addition, PEG-IR-780-C13 micelles are specifically targeted to the tumor after intravenous injection and can be used for tumor imaging. The in vitro cell viability assays and in vivo photothermal therapy experiments indicated that CT-26 cells or CT-26 xenograft tumors can be effectively ablated by combining PEG-IR-780-C13 micelles with 808 nm laser irradiation. More importantly, no significant toxicity can be observed after intravenous administration of the therapeutic dose of generated micelles. Overall, our micelles may have the least safety concern while showing excellent treatment efficacy, and thus may be a new photothermal agent potentially useful in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xuefeng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xiaolei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jinhui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Yiqiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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34
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Pisoni DS, Todeschini L, Borges ACA, Petzhold CL, Rodembusch FS, Campo LF. Symmetrical and asymmetrical cyanine dyes. Synthesis, spectral properties, and BSA association study. J Org Chem 2014; 79:5511-20. [PMID: 24845528 DOI: 10.1021/jo500657s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
New cyanines were prepared by an efficient and practical route with satisfactory overall yield from low-cost starting materials. The photophysical behavior of the cyanines was investigated using UV-vis and steady-state fluorescence in solution, as well as their association with bovine serum albumin (BSA) in phosphate buffer solution (PBS). No cyanine aggregation was observed in organic solvents or in phosphate buffer solution. The alkyl chain length in the quaternized nitrogen was shown to be fundamental for BSA detection in PBS in these dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego S Pisoni
- Instituto de Quı́mica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CP 15003. CEP 91501-970, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
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35
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Li C, Key JA, Jia F, Dandapat A, Hur S, Cairo CW. Practical labeling methodology for choline-derived lipids and applications in live cell fluorescence imaging. Photochem Photobiol 2014; 90:686-95. [PMID: 24383866 DOI: 10.1111/php.12234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lipids of the plasma membrane participate in a variety of biological processes, and methods to probe their function and cellular location are essential to understanding biochemical mechanisms. Previous reports have established that phosphocholine-containing lipids can be labeled by alkyne groups through metabolic incorporation. Herein, we have tested alkyne, azide and ketone-containing derivatives of choline as metabolic labels of choline-containing lipids in cells. We also show that 17-octadecynoic acid can be used as a complementary metabolic label for lipid acyl chains. We provide methods for the synthesis of cyanine-based dyes that are reactive with alkyne, azide and ketone metabolic labels. Using an improved method for fluorophore conjugation to azide or alkyne-modified lipids by Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), we apply this methodology in cells. Lipid-labeled cell membranes were then interrogated using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, we explored the utility of this labeling strategy for use in live cell experiments. We demonstrate measurements of lipid dynamics (lateral mobility) by fluorescence photobleaching recovery (FPR). In addition, we show that adhesion of cells to specific surfaces can be accomplished by chemically linking membrane lipids to a functionalized surface. The strategies described provide robust methods for introducing bioorthogonal labels into native lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caishun Li
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
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36
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Ptaszek M. Rational design of fluorophores for in vivo applications. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2014; 113:59-108. [PMID: 23244789 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386932-6.00003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Several classes of small organic molecules exhibit properties that make them suitable for fluorescence in vivo imaging. The most promising candidates are cyanines, squaraines, boron dipyrromethenes, porphyrin derivatives, hydroporphyrins, and phthalocyanines. The recent designing and synthetic efforts have been dedicated to improving their optical properties (shift the absorption and emission maxima toward longer wavelengths and increase the brightness) as well as increasing their stability and water solubility. The most notable advances include development of encapsulated cyanine dyes with increased stability and water solubility, squaraine rotaxanes with increased stability, long-wavelength-absorbing boron dipyrromethenes, long-wavelength-absorbing porphyrin and hydroporphyrin derivatives, and water-soluble phthalocyanines. Recent advances in luminescence and bioluminescence have made self-illuminating fluorophores available for in vivo applications. Development of new types of hydroporphyrin energy-transfer dyads gives the promise for further advances in in vivo multicolor imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Ptaszek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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37
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Tao Z, Hong G, Shinji C, Chen C, Diao S, Antaris AL, Zhang B, Zou Y, Dai H. Biological Imaging Using Nanoparticles of Small Organic Molecules with Fluorescence Emission at Wavelengths Longer than 1000 nm. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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38
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Tao Z, Hong G, Shinji C, Chen C, Diao S, Antaris AL, Zhang B, Zou Y, Dai H. Biological Imaging Using Nanoparticles of Small Organic Molecules with Fluorescence Emission at Wavelengths Longer than 1000 nm. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13002-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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39
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Li X, Gao X, Shi W, Ma H. Design strategies for water-soluble small molecular chromogenic and fluorogenic probes. Chem Rev 2013; 114:590-659. [PMID: 24024656 DOI: 10.1021/cr300508p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1193] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
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40
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James NS, Chen Y, Joshi P, Ohulchanskyy TY, Ethirajan M, Henary M, Strekowsk L, Pandey RK. Evaluation of polymethine dyes as potential probes for near infrared fluorescence imaging of tumors: part - 1. Am J Cancer Res 2013; 3:692-702. [PMID: 24019854 PMCID: PMC3767116 DOI: 10.7150/thno.5922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) organic dyes have become important for many biomedical applications, including in vivo optical imaging. Conjugation of NIR fluorescent dyes to photosensitizing molecules (photosensitizers) holds strong potential for NIR fluorescence image guided photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer. Therefore, we were interested in investigating the photophysical properties, in vivo tumor-affinity and fluorescence imaging potential of a series of heterocyclic polymethine dyes, which could then be conjugated to certain PDT agents. For our present study, we selected a series of symmetrical polymethine dyes containing a variety of bis-N-substituted indole or benzindole moieties linked by linear conjugation with and without a fused substituted cyclohexene ring. The N-alkyl side chain at the C-terminal position was functionalized with sulfonic, carboxylic acid, methyl ester or hydroxyl groups. Although, among the parent cyanine dyes investigated, the commercially available, cyanine dye IR783 (3) (bis-indole-N-butylsulfonate)-polymethine dye with a cyclic chloro-cyclohexene moiety showed best fluorescence-imaging ability, based on its spectral properties (λAbs=782 nm, λFl=810 nm, ε = 261,000 M-1cm-1, ΦFl≈0.08) and tumor affinity. In addition to 3, parent dyes IR820 and Cypate (6) were also selected and subjected to further modifications by introducing desired functional groups, which could enable further conjugation of the cyanine dyes to an effective photosensitizer HPPH developed in our laboratory. The synthesis and biological studies (tumor-imaging and PDT) of the resulting bifunctional conjugates are discussed in succeeding paper (Part-2 of this study).
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41
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Epstein MG, Reeves BD, Maaty WS, Fouchard D, Dratz EA, Bothner B, Grieco PA. Enhanced Sensitivity Employing Zwitterionic and pI Balancing Dyes (Z-CyDyes) Optimized for 2D-Gel Electrophoresis Based on Side Chain Modifications of CyDye Fluorophores. New Tools For Use in Proteomics and Diagnostics. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:1552-61. [DOI: 10.1021/bc4002213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark G. Epstein
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, PO Box 173400, Bozeman, Montana
59717-3400, United States
| | - Benjamin D. Reeves
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, PO Box 173400, Bozeman, Montana
59717-3400, United States
| | - Walid S. Maaty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, PO Box 173400, Bozeman, Montana
59717-3400, United States
| | - David Fouchard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, PO Box 173400, Bozeman, Montana
59717-3400, United States
| | - Edward A. Dratz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, PO Box 173400, Bozeman, Montana
59717-3400, United States
| | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, PO Box 173400, Bozeman, Montana
59717-3400, United States
| | - Paul A. Grieco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, PO Box 173400, Bozeman, Montana
59717-3400, United States
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42
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Wagh A, Jyoti F, Mallik S, Qian S, Leclerc E, Law B. Polymeric nanoparticles with sequential and multiple FRET cascade mechanisms for multicolor and multiplexed imaging. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:2129-39. [PMID: 23359548 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201202655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The ability to map multiple biomarkers at the same time has far-reaching biomedical and diagnostic applications. Here, a series of biocompatible poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) and polyethylene glycol particles for multicolor and multiplexed imaging are reported. More than 30 particle formulations that exhibit distinct emission signatures (ranging from the visible to NIR wavelength region) are designed and synthesized. These particles are encapsulated with combinations of carbocyanine-based fluorophores DiO, Dil, DiD, and DiR, and are characterized as <100 nm in size and brighter than commercial quantum dots. A particle formulation is identified that simultaneously emits fluorescence at three different wavelengths upon a single excitation at 485 nm via sequential and multiple FRET cascade events for multicolor imaging. Three other particles that display maximum fluorescence intensities at 570, 672, or 777 nm for multiplexed imaging are also identified. These particles are individually conjugated with specific (Herceptin or IgG2A11 antibody) or nonspecific (heptaarginine) ligands for targeting and, thus, could be applied to differentiate different cancer cells from a cell mixture according to the expressions of cell-surface human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts. Using an animal model subcutaneously implanted with the particles, it is further demonstrated that the developed platform could be useful for in vivo multiplexed imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Wagh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nursing and Allied Sciences, North Dakota State University, Department 2665, PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA
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43
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Xin J, Zhang X, Liang J, Xia L, Yin J, Nie Y, Wu K, Tian J. In vivo gastric cancer targeting and imaging using novel symmetric cyanine dye-conjugated GX1 peptide probes. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:1134-43. [PMID: 23725355 DOI: 10.1021/bc3006539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To facilitate the translation of cancer fluorescence imaging into clinical practice, the development of stable and highly specific and sensitive targeted fluorescence probes with low toxicity is desirable. GX1, a gastric tumor angiogenesis marker candidate, holds promise in the target-specific delivery of molecular imaging probes for early gastric cancer detection in vivo. In this study, we describe the design and synthesis of a series of novel penta-methine cyanine dyes using the symmetric synthesis method and further conjugated the dyes with GX1, allowing specific binding to the vasculature of gastric cancer. This efficient synthetic route can decrease the undesired byproducts, while increasing yield. Furthermore, in vivo fluorescence imaging revealed that this novel targeted probe accumulates selectively in the tumor site of SGC-7901 subcutaneous xenograft models. The combination of such novel vasculature-targeted molecular probes with fluorescence imaging technology may improve early detection, metastasis detection, and antitumor angiogenesis therapy for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xin
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
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44
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Zhang XF, Zhao JL, Bi WB, Zhang DD, Yang ZY, Wang LY. Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Spectral and Thermodynamic Properties of One Benzoindole Pentamethine Cyanine Dye. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201200405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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45
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Priem T, Bouteiller C, Camporese D, Brune X, Hardouin J, Romieu A, Renard PY. A novel sulfonated prosthetic group for [18F]-radiolabelling and imparting water solubility of biomolecules and cyanine fluorophores. Org Biomol Chem 2012. [PMID: 23203293 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26659h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and some applications of a novel [(18)F]-fluorinated prosthetic group based on the promising sultone radiochemistry and suitable for the labelling of amine-containing (bio)chemical compounds are described. The combined sequential use of two easy and efficient conjugation reactions namely the fluoride ring-opening of a 1,3-propanesultone moiety and the aminolysis of an N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester is the key component of this original radiolabelling strategy. The mild reaction conditions and the release of a free sulfonic acid moiety as a result of the [(18)F]-induced sultone ring-opening reaction, both make this [(18)F]-conjugation method suitable for the radiofluorination of fragile and hydrophobic biomolecules and fluorophores, particularly by making the separation of the targeted [(18)F]-tagged sulfonated compound from its starting precursor easier and thus faster. The ability of this unusual prosthetic group to readily introduce the radioisotope within complex (bio)molecular architectures has been demonstrated by (1) the preparation of the first [(18)F]-labelled cyanine 5.5 (Cy 5.5) dye, a suitable precursor for the construction of hybrid positron emission tomography/near-infrared fluorescence (PET/NIRF) imaging probes and (2) the radiolabelling of a biologically relevant peptide bearing a single lysine residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Priem
- Advanced Accelerator Applications, 20 Rue Diesel, 01630 Saint-Genis-Pouilly, France
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46
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Kushida Y, Hanaoka K, Komatsu T, Terai T, Ueno T, Yoshida K, Uchiyama M, Nagano T. Red fluorescent scaffold for highly sensitive protease activity probes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:3908-11. [PMID: 22607681 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.04.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a novel red fluorescent dye, 2Me SiR600 (λ(em)=613 nm), in which the O atom of Rhodamine Green at the 10 position of the xanthene moiety is replaced with a Si atom, as a scaffold for probes to detect protease activity with extremely high S/N ratio. As proof of concept, we designed and synthesized probes for caspase-3 activity (Z-DEVD-SiR600) and leucine aminopeptidase activity (Leu-SiR600). Caspase-3-mediated cleavage of Z-DEVD-SiR600 resulted in a large bathochromic shift (93 nm) of the absorption maximum and a 432-fold fluorescence enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kushida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113 0033, Japan
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47
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Lu H, Su F, Mei Q, Tian Y, Tian W, Johnson RH, Meldrum DR. Using fluorine-containing amphiphilic random copolymers to manipulate the quantum yields of aggregation-induced emission fluorophores in aqueous solutions and the use of these polymers for fluorescent bioimaging. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY 2012; 22:9890-9900. [PMID: 23397360 PMCID: PMC3565462 DOI: 10.1039/c2jm30258f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Two new series of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorophore-containing amphiphilic copolymers possessing the segments of a monomeric AIE fluorophore, N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA), [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (MATMA), and/or 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) were synthesized. Photophysical properties were investigated using UV-Vis absorbance and fluorescence spectrofluorometry. The increases of molar fractions of the hydrophobic AIE fluorophores and/or the trifluoroethyl moieties result in the higher quantum yields of the AIE fluorophores in the polymers. Using 1-mol% of AIE fluorophores with the tuning of molar fractions of TFEMA, 40% quantum yield was achieved, whereas only less than 10% quantum yield was obtained for the polymers without the TFEMA segments. The quantum yield difference indicates the importance of the fluorine segments for getting high quantum yields of the AIE fluorophores. These polymers were explored for fluorescent bioimaging using human brain glioblastoma U87MG and human esophagus premalignant CP-A cell lines. All the polymers are cell permeable and located in the cellular cytoplasma area. Cellular uptake was demonstrated to be through endocytosis, which is time and energy dependent. The polymers are non-cytotoxic to the two cell lines. Because the polymers contain (19)F segments, we studied the spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) and spin-spin relaxation time (T2) of these polymers. T1 and T2 are the two important parameters for the evaluations of the capacity of these polymers for further applications in (19)F magnetic resonance imaging ((19)F MRI). Structure influence on T1 and T2, especially for T2, was observed. These new multifunctional materials are the first series of fluorinated polymers with AIE fluorophores for bioapplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongguang Lu
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Fengyu Su
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Qian Mei
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Yanqing Tian
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Wenjing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Roger H. Johnson
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Deirdre R. Meldrum
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287
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48
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Niu SL, Massif C, Ulrich G, Renard PY, Romieu A, Ziessel R. Water-Soluble Red-Emitting Distyryl-Borondipyrromethene (BODIPY) Dyes for Biolabeling. Chemistry 2012; 18:7229-42. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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49
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Massif C, Dautrey S, Haefele A, Ziessel R, Renard PY, Romieu A. New insights into the water-solubilisation of fluorophores by post-synthetic “click” and Sonogashira reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:4330-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25428j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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50
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Lu H, Su F, Mei Q, Zhou X, Tian Y, Tian W, Johnson RH, Meldrum DR. A series of poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide] copolymers with anthracene-derived fluorophores showing aggregation-induced emission properties for bioimaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 50:890-899. [PMID: 22287826 DOI: 10.1002/pola.25841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of new poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-based amphiphilic copolymers were synthesized through a radical copolymerization of a monomeric/hydrophobic fluorophore possessing aggregation-induced emission (AIE) property with N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide. Photophysical properties were investigated using UV-Vis absorbance and fluorescence spectrophotometry. Influences of the polymer structures with different molar ratios of the AIE fluorophores on their photophysical properties were studied. Results show that the AIE fluorophores aggregate in the cores of the micelles formed from the amphiphilic random copolymers and polymers with more hydrophobic AIE fluorophores facilitate stronger aggregations of the AIE segments to obtain higher quantum efficiencies. The polymers reported herein have good water solubility, enabling the application of hydrophobic AIE materials in biological conditions. The polymers were endocytosed by two experimental cell lines, human brain glioblastoma U87MG cells and human esophagus premalignant CP-A, with a distribution into the cytoplasm. The polymers are non-cytotoxic to the two cell lines at a polymer concentration of 1 mg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongguang Lu
- Center for Biosignatures Discovery Automation, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
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