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Goswami M, Toro-González M, Moon J, Davern S. Precision Atomistic Structures of Actinium-/Radium-/Barium-Doped Lanthanide Nanoconstructs for Radiotherapeutic Applications. ACS NANO 2024; 18:16577-16588. [PMID: 38885179 PMCID: PMC11223473 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Lanthanide vanadate (LnVO4) nanoconstructs have generated considerable interest in radiotherapeutic applications as a medium for nanoscale-targeted drug delivery. For cancer treatment, LnVO4 nanoconstructs have shown promise in encapsulating and retaining radionuclides that emit alpha-particles. In this work, we examined the structure formation of LnVO4 nanoconstructs doped with actinium (Ac) and radium (Ra), both experimentally and using large-scale atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. LnVO4 nanoconstructs were synthesized via a precipitation method in aqueous media. The reaction conditions and elemental compositions were varied to control the structure, fluorescence properties, and size distribution of the LnVO4 nanoconstructs. LnVO4 nanoconstructs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to obtain a fundamental understanding of the structure-property relationship between radionuclides and LnVO4 nanoconstructs at the atomic length scale. Molecular dynamics simulations with well-established force field (FF) parameters show that Ra atoms tend to distribute across the nanoconstructs' surface in a broader coordination shell, while the Ac atoms are arranged inside a smaller coordination shell within the nanocluster. The Ba atoms prefer to self-assemble around the surface. These theoretical/simulation predictions of the atomistic structures and an understanding of the relationship between radionuclides and LnVO4 nanoconstructs at the atomic scale are important because they provide design principles for the future development of nanoconstructs for targeted radionuclide delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monojoy Goswami
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Miguel Toro-González
- Radioisotope
Science & Technology Division, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Jisue Moon
- Radioisotope
Science & Technology Division, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Sandra Davern
- Radioisotope
Science & Technology Division, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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2
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Toro-González M, Akingbesote N, Bible A, Pal D, Sanders B, Ivanov AS, Jansone-Popova S, Popovs I, Benny P, Perry R, Davern S. Development of 225Ac-doped biocompatible nanoparticles for targeted alpha therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:306. [PMID: 38825717 PMCID: PMC11145892 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02520-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) relies on chemical affinity or active targeting using radioimmunoconjugates as strategies to deliver α-emitting radionuclides to cancerous tissue. These strategies can be affected by transmetalation of the parent radionuclide by competing ions in vivo and the bond-breaking recoil energy of decay daughters. The retention of α-emitting radionuclides and the dose delivered to cancer cells are influenced by these processes. Encapsulating α-emitting radionuclides within nanoparticles can help overcome many of these challenges. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles are a biodegradable and biocompatible delivery platform that has been used for drug delivery. In this study, PLGA nanoparticles are utilized for encapsulation and retention of actinium-225 ([225Ac]Ac3+). Encapsulation of [225Ac]Ac3+ within PLGA nanoparticles (Zave = 155.3 nm) was achieved by adapting a double-emulsion solvent evaporation method. The encapsulation efficiency was affected by both the solvent conditions and the chelation of [225Ac]Ac3+. Chelation of [225Ac]Ac3+ to a lipophilic 2,9-bis-lactam-1,10-phenanthroline ligand ([225Ac]AcBLPhen) significantly decreased its release (< 2%) and that of its decay daughters (< 50%) from PLGA nanoparticles. PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating [225Ac]AcBLPhen significantly increased the delivery of [225Ac]Ac3+ to murine (E0771) and human (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cells with a concomitant increase in cell death over free [225Ac]Ac3+ in solution. These results demonstrate that PLGA nanoparticles have potential as radionuclide delivery platforms for TAT to advance precision radiotherapy for cancer. In addition, this technology offers an alternative use for ligands with poor aqueous solubility, low stability, or low affinity, allowing them to be repurposed for TAT by encapsulation within PLGA nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Toro-González
- Isotope Science and Engineering Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Ngozi Akingbesote
- Isotope Science and Engineering Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Amber Bible
- Biological and Environmental Systems Science Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Debjani Pal
- Isotope Science and Engineering Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Brian Sanders
- Biological and Environmental Systems Science Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Alexander S Ivanov
- Physical Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Santa Jansone-Popova
- Physical Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Ilja Popovs
- Physical Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Paul Benny
- Isotope Science and Engineering Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Rachel Perry
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Sandra Davern
- Isotope Science and Engineering Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA.
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Bentivoglio V, Nayak P, Varani M, Lauri C, Signore A. Methods for Radiolabeling Nanoparticles (Part 3): Therapeutic Use. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1241. [PMID: 37627307 PMCID: PMC10452659 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Following previously published systematic reviews on the diagnostic use of nanoparticles (NPs), in this manuscript, we report published methods for radiolabeling nanoparticles with therapeutic alpha-emitting, beta-emitting, or Auger's electron-emitting isotopes. After analyzing 234 papers, we found that different methods were used with the same isotope and the same type of nanoparticle. The most common type of nanoparticles used are the PLGA and PAMAM nanoparticles, and the most commonly used therapeutic isotope is 177Lu. Regarding labeling methods, the direct encapsulation of the isotope resulted in the most reliable and reproducible technique. Radiolabeled nanoparticles show promising results in metastatic breast and lung cancer, although this field of research needs more clinical studies, mainly on the comparison of nanoparticles with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alberto Signore
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.B.); (P.N.); (M.V.); (C.L.)
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Delker A, Schleske M, Liubchenko G, Berg I, Zacherl MJ, Brendel M, Gildehaus FJ, Rumiantcev M, Resch S, Hürkamp K, Wenter V, Unterrainer LM, Bartenstein P, Ziegler SI, Beyer L, Böning G. Biodistribution and dosimetry for combined [ 177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T/[ 225Ac]Ac-PSMA-I&T therapy using multi-isotope quantitative SPECT imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:1280-1290. [PMID: 36629878 PMCID: PMC10027798 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-06092-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Quantitative SPECT for patient-specific dosimetry is a valuable tool in the scope of radionuclide therapy, although its clinical application for 225Ac-based treatments may be limited due to low therapeutic activities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of clinical quantitative low-count SPECT imaging during [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T/[225Ac]Ac-PSMA-I&T treatment. METHODS Eight prostate cancer patients (1000 MBq/8 MBq [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T/[225Ac]Ac-PSMA-I&T) received a single-bed quantitative 177Lu/225Ac SPECT/CT acquisition (1 h) at 24 h post treatment (high-energy collimator, 16 projections p. head à 3.5 min, 128 × 128 pixel). The gamma peak at 440 keV (width: 10%) of the progeny 213Bi was imaged along with the peak at 208 keV (width: 15%) of 177Lu. Quantification included CT-based attenuation and window-based scatter correction plus resolution modelling. Gaussian post-filtering with a full-width-half-maximum of 30 mm and 40-45 mm was employed to match the signal-to-noise ratio of 225Ac and 177Lu, respectively. RESULTS Kidney (r = 0.96, p < 0.01) and lesion (r = 0.94, p < 0.01) SUV for [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T and [225Ac]Ac-PSMA-I&T showed a strong and significant correlation. Kidney SUV were significantly higher (p < 0.01) for [225Ac]Ac-PSMA-I&T (2.5 ± 0.8 vs. 2.1 ± 0.9), while for [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T lesion SUV were significantly higher (p = 0.03; 1.8 ± 1.1 vs. 2.1 ± 1.5). For absorbed dose estimates, significant differences regarding the kidneys remained, while no significant differences for lesion dosimetry were found. CONCLUSION Quantitative low-count SPECT imaging of the peak at 440 keV during [225Ac]Ac-PSMA-I&T therapy is feasible. Multi-isotope imaging for [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T/[225Ac]Ac-PSMA-I&T therapy indicates accumulation of free 213Bi in the kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Delker
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Mirjam Schleske
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Grigory Liubchenko
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabella Berg
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Brendel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- SyNergy, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZNE - German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Mikhail Rumiantcev
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Resch
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hürkamp
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Vera Wenter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lena M Unterrainer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sibylle I Ziegler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Leonie Beyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Guido Böning
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Sakmár M, Ondrák L, Fialová K, Vlk M, Kozempel J, Bruchertseifer F, Morgenstern A. In vitro studies of 223Ra- and 225Ac-labelled α-zirconium phosphate as potential carrier for alpha targeted therapy. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08742-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn this study suitability of α-ZrP nanoparticles as a 223Ra and 225Ac carriers for TAT was investigated. The yields of radiolabelling were higher than 98% in both cases. Subsequently, in vitro stability studies were carried out in various biological matrices during 48 h period. Measurements of released radioactivity showed the highest stability in saline. Released activity of 223Ra, 225Ac and their daughter radionuclides was around 0.5%. On the other hand, the lowest stability was shown in plasma and serum. Released activity for 223Ra, 225Ac and their progeny atoms was from 15 to 32%.
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Fernandes DA. Review on Metal-Based Theranostic Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy and Imaging. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231191493. [PMID: 37642945 PMCID: PMC10467409 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231191493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Theranostic agents are promising due to their ability to diagnose, treat and monitor different types of cancer using a variety of imaging modalities. The advantage specifically of nanoparticles is that they can accumulate easily at the tumor site due to the large gaps in blood vessels near tumors. Such high concentration of theranostic agents at the target site can lead to enhancement in both imaging and therapy. This article provides an overview of nanoparticles that have been used for cancer theranostics, and the different imaging, treatment options and signaling pathways that are important when using nanoparticles for cancer theranostics. In particular, nanoparticles made of metal elements are emphasized due to their wide applications in cancer theranostics. One important aspect discussed is the ability to combine different types of metals in one nanoplatform for use as multimodal imaging and therapeutic agents for cancer.
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Ondrák L, Sommer M, Štěpán V, Davídková M, Vlk M, Kundrát P, Kozempel J. EXPERIMENTAL IN VITRO DOSIMETRY OF 223RA AND 177LU. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2022; 198:508-513. [PMID: 36005976 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncac090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Targeted alpha therapy with radionuclides undergoing multiple alpha-particle decays is a promising method of nuclear medicine. To study the effectiveness of alpha versus beta emitters, survival of DU145 prostate cancer cells exposed to 223Ra or 177Lu was assessed. Per decay, the cells were much more sensitive to the alpha than beta emitter. However, per unit dose the sensitivities would be comparable, contrary to the well-known evidence, if the decay energy were deposited within the sample completely and homogeneously. Measurements by Timepix detectors showed about three times higher counts of alpha particles above than below the sample. After the first alpha decay of 223Ra to 219Rn, this gas likely moves upwards and its subsequent three alpha decays occur in the upper part of the sample. Correct estimation of absorbed dose is a critical issue when analysing in vitro data and when translating their results to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Ondrák
- Department of Nuclear Chemistry, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Břehová 7, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Sommer
- Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Na Truhlářce 39/64, 180 00, Prague 8, Czech Republic
- Department of Dosimetry and Application of Ionizing Radiation, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Břehová 7, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Štěpán
- Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Na Truhlářce 39/64, 180 00, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Davídková
- Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Na Truhlářce 39/64, 180 00, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Vlk
- Department of Nuclear Chemistry, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Břehová 7, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kundrát
- Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Na Truhlářce 39/64, 180 00, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Kozempel
- Department of Nuclear Chemistry, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Břehová 7, 115 19 Prague 1, Czech Republic
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Encapsulation of 67Cu therapeutic radiometal in luminescent lanthanide phosphate core and core-shell nanoparticles. Appl Radiat Isot 2022; 186:110296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Daly SR, Bellott BJ, McAlister DR, Horwitz EP, Girolami GS. Pr(H 3BNMe 2BH 3) 3 and Pr(thd) 3 as Volatile Carriers for Actinium-225. Deposition of Actinium-Doped Praseodymium Boride Thin Films for Potential Use in Brachytherapy. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:7217-7221. [PMID: 35510902 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Here we show that the praseodymium N,N-dimethylaminodiboranate complex Pr(H3BNMe2BH3)3 and the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dionate complex Pr(thd)3 can serve as volatile carriers for 225Ac. The actinium coordination complexes Ac(H3BNMe2BH3)3 and Ac(thd)3 are the likely species subliming with the carrier material. A sample of 225Ac-doped Pr(H3BNMe2BH3)3 was used to deposit amorphous 225Ac-doped praseodymium boride films on glass and Si(100) at 300 °C. The α emission spectra of the refractory films are well-resolved, suggesting that they could be used as radioactive implants for brachytherapy and related treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R Daly
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, E331 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Brian J Bellott
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Western Illinois University, 214 Currens Hall, 1 University Circle, Macomb, Illinois 61455, United States
| | - Daniel R McAlister
- Eichrom Technologies, LLC, 1955 University Lane, Lisle, Illinois 60532, United States
| | - E Philip Horwitz
- Eichrom Technologies, LLC, 1955 University Lane, Lisle, Illinois 60532, United States
| | - Gregory S Girolami
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Karpov TE, Muslimov AR, Antuganov DO, Postovalova AS, Pavlov DA, Usov YV, Shatik SV, Zyuzin MV, Timin AS. Impact of metallic coating on the retention of 225Ac and its daugthers within core-shell nanocarriers. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 608:2571-2583. [PMID: 34801240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Currently, alpha-emitting radionuclide 225Ac is one of the most promising isotopes in alpha therapy due to its high linear energy transfer during four sequential alpha decays. However, the main obstacle preventing the full introduction of 225Ac into clinical practice is the lack of stable retention of radionuclides, leading to free circulation of toxic isotopes in the body. In this work, the surface of silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) has been modified with metallic shells composed of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and gold (Au) nanostructures to improve the retention of 225Ac and its decay products within the developed nanocarriers. In vitro and in vivo studies in healthy mice show that the metallic surface coating of SiO2 NPs promotes an enhanced sequestering of radionuclides (225Ac and its daughter isotopes) compared to non-modified SiO2 NPs for a prolonged period of time. Histological analysis reveals that for the period of 3-10 d after the injections, the developed nanocarriers have no significant toxic effects in mice. At the same time, almost no accumulation of leaked radionuclides can be detected in non-target organs (e.g., in the kidneys). In contrast, non-modified carriers (SiO2 NPs) demonstrate the release of free radionuclides, which are distributed over the whole animal body with the consequent morphological changes in the lung, liver and kidney tissues. These results highlight the potential of the developed nanocarriers to be utilized as radionuclide delivery systems and offer an insight into design rules for the fabrication of new nanotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timofey E Karpov
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, Leningradskaya Street 70 Pesochny, St. Petersburg 197758, Russian Federation; Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russian Federation
| | - Albert R Muslimov
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, Leningradskaya Street 70 Pesochny, St. Petersburg 197758, Russian Federation; St. Petersburg Academic University, Khlopin St. 8/3, St. Petersburg 194021, Russian Federation; Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii O Antuganov
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, Leningradskaya Street 70 Pesochny, St. Petersburg 197758, Russian Federation
| | - Alisa S Postovalova
- Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitri A Pavlov
- Lobachevsky University, 23/3 Gagarin prospect, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Yuri V Usov
- Lobachevsky University, 23/3 Gagarin prospect, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey V Shatik
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, Leningradskaya Street 70 Pesochny, St. Petersburg 197758, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail V Zyuzin
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, Leningradskaya Street 70 Pesochny, St. Petersburg 197758, Russian Federation; School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Lomonosova 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexander S Timin
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, Leningradskaya Street 70 Pesochny, St. Petersburg 197758, Russian Federation; Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russian Federation; Research School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, Tomsk 634050, Russian Federation.
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Obstacles and Recommendations for Clinical Translation of Nanoparticle System-Based Targeted Alpha-Particle Therapy. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14174784. [PMID: 34500873 PMCID: PMC8432563 DOI: 10.3390/ma14174784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The rationale for application of nanotechnology in targeted alpha therapy (TAT) is sound. However, the translational strategy requires attention. Formulation of TAT in nanoparticulate drug delivery systems has the potential to resolve many of the issues currently experienced. As α-particle emitters are more cytotoxic compared to beta-minus-emitting agents, the results of poor biodistribution are more dangerous. Formulation in nanotechnology is also suggested to be the ideal solution for containing the recoil daughters emitted by actinium-225, radium-223, and thorium-227. Nanoparticle-based TAT is likely to increase stability, enhance radiation dosimetry profiles, and increase therapeutic efficacy. Unfortunately, nanoparticles have their own unique barriers towards clinical translation. A major obstacle is accumulation in critical organs such as the spleen, liver, and lungs. Furthermore, inflammation, necrosis, reactive oxidative species, and apoptosis are key mechanisms through which nanoparticle-mediated toxicity takes place. It is important at this stage of the technology’s readiness level that focus is shifted to clinical translation. The relative scarcity of α-particle emitters also contributes to slow-moving research in the field of TAT nanotechnology. This review describes approaches and solutions which may overcome obstacles impeding nanoparticle-based TAT and enhance clinical translation. In addition, an in-depth discussion of relevant issues and a view on technical and regulatory barriers are presented.
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Trujillo-Nolasco M, Morales-Avila E, Cruz-Nova P, Katti KV, Ocampo-García B. Nanoradiopharmaceuticals Based on Alpha Emitters: Recent Developments for Medical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1123. [PMID: 34452084 PMCID: PMC8398190 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of nanotechnology in nuclear medicine offers attractive therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer. Indeed, nanoparticles-conjugated targeted alpha-particle therapy (TAT) would be ideal for localized cell killing due to high linear energy transfer and short ranges of alpha emitters. New approaches in radiolabeling are necessary because chemical radiolabeling techniques are rendered sub-optimal due to the presence of recoil energy generated by alpha decay, which causes chemical bonds to break. This review attempts to cover, in a concise fashion, various aspects of physics, radiobiology, and production of alpha emitters, as well as highlight the main problems they present, with possible new approaches to mitigate those problems. Special emphasis is placed on the strategies proposed for managing recoil energy. We will also provide an account of the recent studies in vitro and in vivo preclinical investigations of α-particle therapy delivered by various nanosystems from different materials, including inorganic nanoparticles, liposomes, and polymersomes, and some carbon-based systems are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maydelid Trujillo-Nolasco
- Departamento de Materiales Radiactivos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera México-Toluca S/N, Ocoyoacac 52750, Mexico; (M.T.-N.); (P.C.-N.)
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan S/N, Toluca 50120, Mexico;
| | - Enrique Morales-Avila
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan S/N, Toluca 50120, Mexico;
| | - Pedro Cruz-Nova
- Departamento de Materiales Radiactivos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera México-Toluca S/N, Ocoyoacac 52750, Mexico; (M.T.-N.); (P.C.-N.)
| | - Kattesh V. Katti
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA;
| | - Blanca Ocampo-García
- Departamento de Materiales Radiactivos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera México-Toluca S/N, Ocoyoacac 52750, Mexico; (M.T.-N.); (P.C.-N.)
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Muslimov AR, Antuganov DO, Tarakanchikova YV, Zhukov MV, Nadporojskii MA, Zyuzin MV, Timin AS. Calcium Carbonate Core-Shell Particles for Incorporation of 225Ac and Their Application in Local α-Radionuclide Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:25599-25610. [PMID: 34028266 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Actinium-225 (225Ac) radiolabeled submicrometric core-shell particles (SPs) made of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) coated with biocompatible polymers [tannic acid-human serum albumin (TA/HSA)] have been developed to improve the efficiency of local α-radionuclide therapy in melanoma models (B16-F10 tumor-bearing mice). The developed 225Ac-SPs possess radiochemical stability and demonstrate effective retention of 225Ac and its daughter isotopes. The SPs have been additionally labeled with zirconium-89 (89Zr) to perform the biodistribution studies using positron emission tomography-computerized tomography (PET/CT) imaging for 14 days after intratumoral injection. According to the PET/CT analysis, a significant accumulation of 89Zr-SPs in the tumor area is revealed for the whole investigation period, which correlates with the direct radiometry analysis after intratumoral administration of 225Ac-SPs. The histological analysis has revealed no abnormal changes in healthy tissue organs after treatment with 225Ac-SPs (e.g., no acute pathologic findings are detected in the liver and kidneys). At the same time, the inhibition of tumor growth has been observed as compared with control samples [nonradiolabeled SPs and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)]. The treatment of mice with 225Ac-SPs has resulted in prolonged survival compared to the control samples. Thus, our study validates the application of 225Ac-doped core-shell submicron CaCO3 particles for local α-radionuclide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert R Muslimov
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, 197758 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, St. Petersburg Academic University, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii O Antuganov
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, 197758 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Yana V Tarakanchikova
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, 197758 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, St. Petersburg Academic University, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail V Zhukov
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, 191002 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Michail A Nadporojskii
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, 197758 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail V Zyuzin
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, 197758 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, 191002 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S Timin
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology & Surgical Technologies, 197758 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Peter The Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Research School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russian Federation
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14
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Muslimov AR, Antuganov D, Tarakanchikova YV, Karpov TE, Zhukov MV, Zyuzin MV, Timin AS. An investigation of calcium carbonate core-shell particles for incorporation of 225Ac and sequester of daughter radionuclides: in vitro and in vivo studies. J Control Release 2021; 330:726-737. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Plutonium-Doped Monazite and Other Orthophosphates—Thermodynamics and Experimental Data on Long-Term Behavior. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13031203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The paper consists of two main parts: a microscopic and spectroscopic investigation of the single crystal of 17-year-old 238Pu-doped Eu-monazite, and a theoretical calculation of the properties of several structural types of orthophosphates. It is shown that actinide-doped monazite is prone to the formation of mechanically weak, poorly crystalline crust, presumably consisting of rhabdophane. Its formation is likely promoted by the formation of peroxides and, potentially, acidic compounds, due to the radiolysis of atmospheric moisture. The calculations of mixing the enthalpies and Gibbs energies of binary solid solutions of Pu and rare earth element (REE) phosphates that were performed for the principal structural types—monazite, xenotime, rhabdophane—show that, in the case of light REEs, the plutonium admixture is preferentially redistributed into the rhabdophane. This process strongly affects the behavior of actinides, leached from a monazite-based waste form. The applications of these results for the development of actinide waste forms are discussed. The current data on the behavior of real actinide-doped monazite suggest that this type of ceramic waste form is not very resistant, even in relatively short time periods.
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16
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Tailoring the Radionuclide Encapsulation and Surface Chemistry of La(223Ra)VO4 Nanoparticles for Targeted Alpha Therapy. JOURNAL OF NANOTHERANOSTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jnt2010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of targeted alpha therapy (TAT) as a viable cancer treatment requires innovative solutions to challenges associated with radionuclide retention to enhance local tumor cytotoxicity and to minimize off-target effects. Nanoparticles (NPs) with high encapsulation and high retention of radionuclides have shown potential in overcoming these issues. This article shows the influence of pH on the structure of lanthanum vanadate (LaVO4) NPs and its impact on the radiochemical yield of 223Ra and subsequent retention of its decay daughters, 211Pb and 211Bi. An acidic pH (4.9) results in a high fraction of La(223Ra)VO4 NPs with tetragonal structure (44.6–66.1%) and a 223Ra radiochemical yield <40%. Adjusting the pH to 11 yields >80% of La(223Ra)VO4 NPs with monoclinic structure and increases the 223Ra radiochemical yield >85%. The leakage of decay daughters from La(223Ra)VO4 NPs (pH 11) was <5% and <0.5% when exposed to deionized water and phosphate-buffered saline, respectively. Altering the surface chemistry of La(223Ra)VO4 NPs with carboxylate and phosphate compounds resulted in a threefold decrease in hydrodynamic diameter and a 223Ra radiochemical yield between 74.7% and 99.6%. These results show the importance of tailoring the synthesis parameters and surface chemistry of LaVO4 NPs to obtain high encapsulation and retention of radionuclides.
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17
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Hatcher-Lamarre JL, Sanders VA, Rahman M, Cutler CS, Francesconi LC. Alpha emitting nuclides for targeted therapy. Nucl Med Biol 2021; 92:228-240. [PMID: 33558017 PMCID: PMC8363053 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) is an area of research with rapidly increasing importance as the emitted alpha particle has a significant effect on inducing cytotoxic effects on tumor cells while mitigating dose to normal tissues. Two significant isotopes of interest within the area of TAT are thorium-227 and actinium-225 due to their nuclear characteristics. Both isotopes have physical half-lives suitable for coordination with larger biomolecules, and additionally actinium-225 has potential to serve as an in vivo generator. In this review, the authors will discuss the production, purification, labeling reactions, and biological studies of actinium-225 and thorium-227 complexes and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa A Sanders
- Collider Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA
| | - Mohammed Rahman
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College of the City University of New York, USA
| | - Cathy S Cutler
- Collider Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA
| | - Lynn C Francesconi
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College of the City University of New York, USA; Chemistry Department, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, USA.
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18
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Post-effects of radioactive decay in magnetite nano-crystals labelled with Auger- and internal conversion electron-emitters, alpha- and beta decay radionuclides. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.109160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Kazakov AG, Garashchenko BL, Yakovlev RY, Vinokurov SE, Kalmykov SN, Myasoedov BF. Generator of Actinium-228 and a Study of the Sorption of Actinium by Carbon Nanomaterials. RADIOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1066362220050057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Gawęda W, Pruszyński M, Cędrowska E, Rodak M, Majkowska-Pilip A, Gaweł D, Bruchertseifer F, Morgenstern A, Bilewicz A. Trastuzumab Modified Barium Ferrite Magnetic Nanoparticles Labeled with Radium-223: A New Potential Radiobioconjugate for Alpha Radioimmunotherapy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2067. [PMID: 33092037 PMCID: PMC7589850 DOI: 10.3390/nano10102067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Barium ferrite nanoparticles (BaFeNPs) were investigated as vehicles for 223Ra radionuclide in targeted α-therapy. BaFe nanoparticles were labeled using a hydrothermal Ba2+ cations replacement by 223Ra with yield reaching 61.3 ± 1.8%. Radiolabeled nanoparticles were functionalized with 3-phosphonopropionic acid (CEPA) linker followed by covalent conjugation to trastuzumab (Herceptin®). Thermogravimetric analysis and radiometric method with the use of [131I]-labeled trastuzumab revealed that on average 19-21 molecules of trastuzumab are attached to the surface of one BaFe-CEPA nanoparticle. The hydrodynamic diameter of BaFe-CEPA-trastuzumab conjugate is 99.9 ± 3.0 nm in water and increases to 218.3 ± 3.7 nm in PBS buffer, and the zeta potential varies from +27.2 ± 0.7 mV in water to -8.8 ± 0.7 in PBS buffer. The [223Ra]BaFe-CEPA-trastuzumab radiobioconjugate almost quantitatively retained 223Ra (>98%) and about 96% of 211Bi and 94% of 211Pb over 30 days. The obtained radiobioconjugate exhibited high affinity, cell internalization and cytotoxicity towards the human ovarian adenocarcinoma SKOV-3 cells overexpressing HER2 receptor. Confocal studies indicated that [223Ra]BaFe-CEPA-trastuzumab was located in peri-nuclear space. High cytotoxicity of the [223Ra]BaFe-CEPA-trastuzumab bioconjugate was confirmed by radiotoxicity studies on SKOV-3 cell monolayers and 3D-spheroids. In addition, the magnetic properties of the radiobioconjugate should allow for its use in guide drug delivery driven by magnetic field gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Gawęda
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16 Str., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (W.G.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (M.R.); (A.M.-P.)
| | - Marek Pruszyński
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16 Str., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (W.G.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (M.R.); (A.M.-P.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Cędrowska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16 Str., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (W.G.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (M.R.); (A.M.-P.)
| | - Magdalena Rodak
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16 Str., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (W.G.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (M.R.); (A.M.-P.)
| | - Agnieszka Majkowska-Pilip
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16 Str., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (W.G.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (M.R.); (A.M.-P.)
| | - Damian Gaweł
- Department of Immunohematology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Frank Bruchertseifer
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate for Nuclear Safety and Security, 76125 Karlsruhe, Germany; (F.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Alfred Morgenstern
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate for Nuclear Safety and Security, 76125 Karlsruhe, Germany; (F.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Aleksander Bilewicz
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16 Str., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (W.G.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (M.R.); (A.M.-P.)
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21
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Ranjbar Bahadori S, Mulgaonkar A, Hart R, Wu CY, Zhang D, Pillai A, Hao Y, Sun X. Radiolabeling strategies and pharmacokinetic studies for metal based nanotheranostics. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 13:e1671. [PMID: 33047504 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Radiolabeled metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs) have drawn considerable attention in the fields of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, drug delivery, and radiation therapy, given the fact that they can be potentially used as diagnostic imaging and/or therapeutic agents, or even as theranostic combinations. Here, we present a systematic review on recent advances in the design and synthesis of MNPs with major focuses on their radiolabeling strategies and the determinants of their in vivo pharmacokinetics, and together how their intended applications would be impacted. For clarification, we categorize all reported radiolabeling strategies for MNPs into indirect and direct approaches. While indirect labeling simply refers to the use of bifunctional chelators or prosthetic groups conjugated to MNPs for post-synthesis labeling with radionuclides, we found that many practical direct labeling methodologies have been developed to incorporate radionuclides into the MNP core without using extra reagents, including chemisorption, radiochemical doping, hadronic bombardment, encapsulation, and isotope or cation exchange. From the perspective of practical use, a few relevant examples are presented and discussed in terms of their pros and cons. We further reviewed the determinants of in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters of MNPs, including factors influencing their in vivo absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination, and discussed the challenges and opportunities in the development of radiolabeled MNPs for in vivo biomedical applications. Taken together, we believe the cumulative advancement summarized in this review would provide a general guidance in the field for design and synthesis of radiolabeled MNPs towards practical realization of their much desired theranostic capabilities. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Ranjbar Bahadori
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Aditi Mulgaonkar
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ryan Hart
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Cheng-Yang Wu
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Dianbo Zhang
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Anil Pillai
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yaowu Hao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Xiankai Sun
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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22
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Toro-González M, Dame AN, Mirzadeh S, Rojas JV. Encapsulation and retention of 225Ac, 223Ra, 227Th, and decay daughters in zircon-type gadolinium vanadate nanoparticles. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2019-3206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Unwanted targeting of healthy organs caused by the relocation of radionuclides from the target site has been one of the limiting factors in the widespread application of targeted alpha therapy in patient regimens. GdVO4 nanoparticles (NPs) were developed as platforms to encapsulate α-emitting radionuclides 223Ra, 225Ac, and 227Th, and retain their decay daughters at the target site. Polycrystalline GdVO4 NPs with different morphologies and a zircon-type tetragonal crystal structure were obtained by precipitation of GdCl3 and Na3VO4 in aqueous media at room temperature. The ability of GdVO4 crystals to host multivalent ions was initially assessed using La, Cs, Bi, Ba, and Pb as surrogates of the radionuclides under investigation. A decrease in Ba encapsulation was obtained after increasing the concentration of surrogate ions, whereas the encapsulation of La cations in GdVO4 NPs was quantitative (∼100%). Retention of radionuclides was assessed in vitro by dialyzing the radioactive GdVO4 NPs against deionized water. While 227Th was quantitatively encapsulated (100%), a partial encapsulation of 223Ra (∼75%) and 225Ac (>60%) was observed in GdVO4 NPs. The maximum leakage of 221Fr (1st decay daughter of 225Ac) was 55.4 ± 3.6%, whereas for 223Ra (1st decay daughter of 227Th) the maximum leakage was 73.0 ± 4.0%. These results show the potential of GdVO4 NPs as platforms of α-emitting radionuclides for their application in targeted alpha therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Toro-González
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
- Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , TN , USA
| | - Ashley N. Dame
- Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , TN , USA
| | - Saed Mirzadeh
- Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , TN , USA
| | - Jessika V. Rojas
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
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23
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Silindir-Gunay M, Karpuz M, Ozer AY. Targeted Alpha Therapy and Nanocarrier Approach. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 35:446-458. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mine Silindir-Gunay
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Karpuz
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - A. Yekta Ozer
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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24
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Majkowska-Pilip A, Gawęda W, Żelechowska-Matysiak K, Wawrowicz K, Bilewicz A. Nanoparticles in Targeted Alpha Therapy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1366. [PMID: 32668687 PMCID: PMC7408031 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of nanotechnology application in nuclear medicine offer the promise of better therapeutic options. In recent years, increasing efforts have been made on developing nanoconstructs that can be used as carriers for immobilising alpha (α)-emitters in targeted drug delivery. In this publication, we provide a comprehensive overview of available information on functional nanomaterials for targeted alpha therapy. The first section describes why nanoconstructs are used for the synthesis of α-emitting radiopharmaceuticals. Next, we present the synthesis and summarise the recent studies demonstrating therapeutic applications of α-emitting labelled radiobioconjugates in targeted therapy. Finally, future prospects and the emerging possibility of therapeutic application of radiolabelled nanomaterials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Majkowska-Pilip
- Centre of Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (W.G.); (K.Ż.-M.); (K.W.); (A.B.)
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25
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Toro-González M, Dame AN, Foster CM, Millet LJ, Woodward JD, Rojas JV, Mirzadeh S, Davern SM. Quantitative encapsulation and retention of 227Th and decay daughters in core-shell lanthanum phosphate nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:9744-9755. [PMID: 32324185 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01172j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) offers great promise for treating recalcitrant tumors and micrometastatic cancers. One drawback of TAT is the potential damage to normal tissues and organs due to the relocation of decay daughters from the treatment site. The present study evaluates La(227Th)PO4 core (C) and core +2 shells (C2S) nanoparticles (NPs) as a delivery platform of 227Th to minimize systemic distribution of decay daughters, 223Ra and 211Pb. In vitro retention of decay daughters within La(227Th)PO4 C NPs was influenced by the concentration of reagents used during synthesis, in which the leakage of 223Ra was between 0.4 ± 0.2% and 20.3 ± 1.1% in deionized water. Deposition of two nonradioactive LaPO4 shells onto La(227Th)PO4 C NPs increased the retention of decay daughters to >99.75%. The toxicity of the nonradioactive LaPO4 C and C2S NP delivery platforms was examined in a mammalian breast cancer cell line, BT-474. No significant decrease in cell viability was observed for a monolayer of BT-474 cells for NP concentrations below 233.9 μg mL-1, however cell viability decreased below 60% when BT-474 spheroids were incubated with either LaPO4 C or C2S NPs at concentrations exceeding 29.2 μg mL-1. La(227Th)PO4 C2S NPs exhibit a high encapsulation and in vitro retention of radionuclides with limited contribution to cellular cytotoxicity for TAT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Toro-González
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, , Richmond 23284, USA. and Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA.
| | - A N Dame
- Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA.
| | - C M Foster
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA
| | - L J Millet
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA and Joint Research Activity, The Bredesen Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA
| | - J D Woodward
- Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA.
| | - J V Rojas
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, , Richmond 23284, USA.
| | - S Mirzadeh
- Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA.
| | - S M Davern
- Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA.
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26
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Enikeeva MO, Kenges KM, Proskurina OV, Danilovich DP, Gusarov VV. Influence of Hydrothermal Treatment Conditions on the Formation of Lanthanum Orthophosphate Nanoparticles of Monazite Structure. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427220040084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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Datta P, Ray S. Nanoparticulate formulations of radiopharmaceuticals: Strategy to improve targeting and biodistribution properties. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2020; 63:333-355. [PMID: 32220029 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Application of nanotechnology principles in drug delivery has created opportunities for treatment of several diseases. Nanotechnology offers the advantage of overcoming the adverse biopharmaceutics or pharmacokinetic properties of drug molecules, to be determined by the transport properties of the particles themselves. Through the manipulation of size, shape, charge, and type of nanoparticle delivery system, variety of distribution profiles may be obtained. However, there still exists greater need to derive and standardize definitive structure property relationships for the distribution profiles of the delivery system. When applied to radiopharmaceuticals, the delivery systems assume greater significance. For the safety and efficacy of both diagnostics and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals, selective localization in target tissue is even more important. At the same time, the synthesis and fabrication reactions of radiolabelled nanoparticles need to be completed in much shorter time. Moreover, the extensive understanding of the several interesting optical and magnetic properties of materials in nanoscale provides for achieving multiple objectives in nuclear medicine. This review discusses the various nanoparticle systems, which are applied for radionuclides and analyses the important bottlenecks that are required to be overcome for their more widespread clinical adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallab Datta
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Shibpur, Howrah, India
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Cędrowska E, Pruszyński M, Gawęda W, Żuk M, Krysiński P, Bruchertseifer F, Morgenstern A, Karageorgou MA, Bouziotis P, Bilewicz A. Trastuzumab Conjugated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Labeled with 225Ac as a Perspective Tool for Combined α-Radioimmunotherapy and Magnetic Hyperthermia of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051025. [PMID: 32106568 PMCID: PMC7179151 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been proven and confirmed in numerous repeated tests, that the use of a combination of several therapeutic methods gives much better treatment results than in the case of separate therapies. Particularly promising is the combination of ionizing radiation and magnetic hyperthermia in one drug. To achieve this objective, magnetite nanoparticles have been modified in their core with α emitter 225Ac, in an amount affecting only slightly their magnetic properties. By 3-phosphonopropionic acid (CEPA) linker nanoparticles were conjugated covalently with trastuzumab (Herceptin®), a monoclonal antibody that recognizes ovarian and breast cancer cells overexpressing the HER2 receptors. The synthesized bioconjugates were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measurement, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and application of 131I-labeled trastuzumab for quantification of the bound biomolecule. The obtained results show that one 225Ac@Fe3O4-CEPA-trastuzumab bioconjugate contains an average of 8–11 molecules of trastuzumab. The labeled nanoparticles almost quantitatively retain 225Ac (>98%) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and physiological salt, and more than 90% of 221Fr and 213Bi over 10 days. In human serum after 10 days, the fraction of 225Ac released from 225Ac@Fe3O4 was still less than 2%, but the retention of 221Fr and 213Bi decreased to 70%. The synthesized 225Ac@Fe3O4-CEPA-trastuzumab bioconjugates have shown a high cytotoxic effect toward SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells expressing HER2 receptor in-vitro. The in-vivo studies indicate that this bioconjugate exhibits properties suitable for the treatment of cancer cells by intratumoral or post-resection injection. The intravenous injection of the 225Ac@Fe3O4-CEPA-trastuzumab radiobioconjugate is excluded due to its high accumulation in the liver, lungs and spleen. Additionally, the high value of a specific absorption rate (SAR) allows its use in a new very perspective combination of α radionuclide therapy with magnetic hyperthermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Cędrowska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (E.C.); (W.G.)
| | - Marek Pruszyński
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (E.C.); (W.G.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (A.B.); Tel.: +48-22-5041357 (A.B.)
| | - Weronika Gawęda
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (E.C.); (W.G.)
| | - Michał Żuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.Ż.); (P.K.)
| | - Paweł Krysiński
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (M.Ż.); (P.K.)
| | - Frank Bruchertseifer
- Department for Nuclear Safety and Security, Joint Research Centre, European Commission, 76125 Karlsruhe, Germany; (F.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Alfred Morgenstern
- Department for Nuclear Safety and Security, Joint Research Centre, European Commission, 76125 Karlsruhe, Germany; (F.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Maria-Argyro Karageorgou
- Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, N.C.S.R. ‘Demokritos’, Aghia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece; (M.-A.K.); (P.B.)
- Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou Panepistimioupolis, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Penelope Bouziotis
- Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, N.C.S.R. ‘Demokritos’, Aghia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece; (M.-A.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Aleksander Bilewicz
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (E.C.); (W.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (A.B.); Tel.: +48-22-5041357 (A.B.)
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Pérez-Medina C, Teunissen AJ, Kluza E, Mulder WJ, van der Meel R. Nuclear imaging approaches facilitating nanomedicine translation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 154-155:123-141. [PMID: 32721459 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicine approaches can effectively modulate the biodistribution and bioavailability of therapeutic agents, improving their therapeutic index. However, despite the ever-increasing amount of literature reporting on preclinical nanomedicine, the number of nanotherapeutics receiving FDA approval remains relatively low. Several barriers exist that hamper the effective preclinical evaluation and clinical translation of nanotherapeutics. Key barriers include insufficient understanding of nanomedicines' in vivo behavior, inadequate translation from murine models to larger animals, and a lack of patient stratification strategies. Integrating quantitative non-invasive imaging techniques in nanomedicine development offers attractive possibilities to address these issues. Among the available imaging techniques, nuclear imaging by positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) are highly attractive in this context owing to their quantitative nature and uncontested sensitivity. In basic and translational research, nuclear imaging techniques can provide critical quantitative information about pharmacokinetic parameters, biodistribution profiles or target site accumulation of nanocarriers and their associated payload. During clinical evaluation, nuclear imaging can be used to select patients amenable to nanomedicine treatment. Here, we review how nuclear imaging-based approaches are increasingly being integrated into nanomedicine development and discuss future developments that will accelerate their clinical translation.
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Tafreshi NK, Doligalski ML, Tichacek CJ, Pandya DN, Budzevich MM, El-Haddad G, Khushalani NI, Moros EG, McLaughlin ML, Wadas TJ, Morse DL. Development of Targeted Alpha Particle Therapy for Solid Tumors. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234314. [PMID: 31779154 PMCID: PMC6930656 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted alpha-particle therapy (TAT) aims to selectively deliver radionuclides emitting α-particles (cytotoxic payload) to tumors by chelation to monoclonal antibodies, peptides or small molecules that recognize tumor-associated antigens or cell-surface receptors. Because of the high linear energy transfer (LET) and short range of alpha (α) particles in tissue, cancer cells can be significantly damaged while causing minimal toxicity to surrounding healthy cells. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the remarkable efficacy of TAT in the treatment of metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the current consensus regarding the properties of the α-particle-emitting radionuclides that are potentially relevant for use in the clinic; the TAT-mediated mechanisms responsible for cell death; the different classes of targeting moieties and radiometal chelators available for TAT development; current approaches to calculating radiation dosimetry for TATs; and lead optimization via medicinal chemistry to improve the TAT radiopharmaceutical properties. We have also summarized the use of TATs in pre-clinical and clinical studies to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges K. Tafreshi
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
| | - Michael L. Doligalski
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
| | - Christopher J. Tichacek
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
| | - Darpan N. Pandya
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (D.N.P.); (T.J.W.)
| | - Mikalai M. Budzevich
- Small Animal Imaging Laboratory, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Ghassan El-Haddad
- Depts. of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Nikhil I. Khushalani
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Eduardo G. Moros
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Mark L. McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV & Modulation Therapeutics Inc., 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
| | - Thaddeus J. Wadas
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (D.N.P.); (T.J.W.)
| | - David L. Morse
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Small Animal Imaging Laboratory, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-745-8948; Fax: +1-813-745-8375
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Alpha-Emitters and Targeted Alpha Therapy in Oncology: from Basic Science to Clinical Investigations. Target Oncol 2019; 13:189-203. [PMID: 29423595 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-018-0550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-emitters are radionuclides that decay through the emission of high linear energy transfer α-particles and possess favorable pharmacologic profiles for cancer treatment. When coupled with monoclonal antibodies, peptides, small molecules, or nanoparticles, the excellent cytotoxic capability of α-particle emissions has generated a strong interest in exploring targeted α-therapy in the pre-clinical setting and more recently in clinical trials in oncology. Multiple obstacles have been overcome by researchers and clinicians to accelerate the development of targeted α-therapies, especially with the recent improvement in isotope production and purification, but also with the development of innovative strategies for optimized targeting. Numerous studies have demonstrated the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of the targeted α-therapy. Radium-223 (223Ra) dichloride (Xofigo®) is the first α-emitter to have received FDA approval for the treatment of prostate cancer with metastatic bone lesions. There is a significant increase in the number of clinical trials in oncology using several radionuclides such as Actinium-225 (225Ac), Bismuth-213 (213Bi), Lead-212 (212Pb), Astatine (211At) or Radium-223 (223Ra) assessing their safety and preliminary activity. This review will cover their therapeutic application as well as summarize the investigations that provide the foundation for further clinical development.
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Alekseev I, Miroslavov A, Stepanova E. Post-effects of radioactive decay in ligands on biologically active transport platforms. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mirzadeh S. Innovation, Impact, and Strategic Importance of Alpha-Emitting Radionuclides. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2019; 50:S21-S25. [PMID: 31420270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This talk briefly reviews the earlier work in the field and highlights the contributions of colleagues whose clear vision paved the road for success of TAT. The talk primarily will focus on the development of the radioisotopes for application in TAT. The challenges regarding release of daughter radioisotopes will be briefly discussed, and a summary of the alternative approaches for production of 225Ac will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saed Mirzadeh
- Nuclear and Radiochemistry Group, Isotope and Fuel Cycling Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA.
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Kruijff RMD, Raavé R, Kip A, Molkenboer-Kuenen J, Morgenstern A, Bruchertseifer F, Heskamp S, Denkova AG. The in vivo fate of 225Ac daughter nuclides using polymersomes as a model carrier. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11671. [PMID: 31406320 PMCID: PMC6690960 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48298-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing attention is given to personalized tumour therapy, where α-emitters can potentially play an important role. Alpha particles are ideal for localized cell killing because of their high linear energy transfer and short ranges. However, upon the emission of an α particle the daughter nuclide experiences a recoil energy large enough to ensure decoupling from any chemical bond. These 'free' daughter nuclides are no longer targeted to the tumour and can accumulate in normal tissue. In this paper, we used polymersomes as model carrier to evaluate the retention of recoiling daughters of 225Ac in vivo, and assessed their suitability as therapeutic agents. Vesicles containing 225Ac were injected intravenously in healthy mice, and intratumourally in tumour-bearing mice, and the relocation of free 213Bi was assessed in different organs upon the injection [225Ac]Ac-polymersomes. The therapeutic effect of 225Ac-containing vesicles was studied upon intratumoural injection, where treatment groups experienced no tumour-related deaths over a 115 day period. While polymersomes containing 225Ac could be suitable agents for long-term irradiation of tumours without causing significant renal toxicity, there is still a significant re-distribution of daughter nuclides throughout the body, signifying the importance of careful evaluation of the effect of daughter nuclides in targeted alpha therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M de Kruijff
- Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - R Raavé
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Kip
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J Molkenboer-Kuenen
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Morgenstern
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate for Nuclear Safety and Security, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - F Bruchertseifer
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate for Nuclear Safety and Security, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - S Heskamp
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A G Denkova
- Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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Seo Y. Quantitative Imaging of Alpha-Emitting Therapeutic Radiopharmaceuticals. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 53:182-188. [PMID: 31231438 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-019-00589-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) is an active area of drug development as a highly specific and highly potent therapeutic modality that can be applied to many types of late-stage cancers. In order to properly evaluate its safety and efficacy, understanding biokinetics of alpha-emitting radiopharmaceuticals is essential. Quantitative imaging of alpha-emitting radiopharmaceuticals is often possible via imaging of gammas and positrons produced during complex decay chains of these radionuclides. Analysis of the complex decay chains for alpha-emitting radionuclides (Tb-149, At-211, Bi-212 (decayed from Pb-212), Bi-213, Ra-223, Ac-225, and Th-227) with relevance to imageable signals is attempted in this mini-review article. Gamma camera imaging, single-photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, bremsstrahlung radiation imaging, Cerenkov luminescence imaging, and Compton cameras are briefly discussed as modalities for imaging alpha-emitting radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngho Seo
- 1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
- 2Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
- 3Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
- UC Berkeley - UCSF Bioengineering Graduate Program, Berkeley and San Francisco, CA USA
- 5Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA
- 6UCSF Physics Research Laboratory, 185 Berry Street, Suite 350, San Francisco, CA 94143-0946 USA
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Jeon J. Review of Therapeutic Applications of Radiolabeled Functional Nanomaterials. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2323. [PMID: 31083402 PMCID: PMC6539387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, various nanomaterials have attracted increasing attention in medical science owing to their unique physical and chemical characteristics. Incorporating radionuclides into conventionally used nanomaterials can confer useful additional properties compared to the original material. Therefore, various radionuclides have been used to synthesize functional nanomaterials for biomedical applications. In particular, several α- or β-emitter-labeled organic and inorganic nanoparticles have been extensively investigated for efficient and targeted cancer treatment. This article reviews recent progress in cancer therapy using radiolabeled nanomaterials including inorganic, polymeric, and carbon-based materials and liposomes. We first provide an overview of radiolabeling methods for preparing anticancer agents that have been investigated recently in preclinical studies. Next, we discuss the therapeutic applications and effectiveness of α- or β-emitter-incorporated nanomaterials in animal models and the emerging possibilities of these nanomaterials in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongho Jeon
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
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37
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Robertson AKH, Ramogida CF, Schaffer P, Radchenko V. Development of 225Ac Radiopharmaceuticals: TRIUMF Perspectives and Experiences. Curr Radiopharm 2019; 11:156-172. [PMID: 29658444 PMCID: PMC6249690 DOI: 10.2174/1874471011666180416161908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: The development of radiopharmaceuticals containing 225Ac for targeted alpha therapy is an active area of academic and commercial research worldwide. Objectives: Despite promising results from recent clinical trials, 225Ac-radiopharmaceutical development still faces significant challenges that must be overcome to realize the widespread clinical use of 225Ac. Some of these challenges include the limited availability of the isotope, the challenging chemistry required to isolate 225Ac from any co-produced isotopes, and the need for stable targeting systems with high radio-labeling yields. Results: Here we provide a review of available literature pertaining to these challenges in the 225Ac-radiopharmaceutical field and also provide insight into how performed and planned efforts at TRIUMF - Canada’s particle accelerator centre - aim to address these issues
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kyle Henderson Robertson
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver BC, Canada.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada
| | | | - Paul Schaffer
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver BC, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada
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Abstract
Radiometals possess an exceptional breadth of decay properties and have been applied to medicine with great success for several decades. The majority of current clinical use involves diagnostic procedures, which use either positron-emission tomography (PET) or single-photon imaging to detect anatomic abnormalities that are difficult to visualize using conventional imaging techniques (e.g., MRI and X-ray). The potential of therapeutic radiometals has more recently been realized and relies on ionizing radiation to induce irreversible DNA damage, resulting in cell death. In both cases, radiopharmaceutical development has been largely geared toward the field of oncology; thus, selective tumor targeting is often essential for efficacious drug use. To this end, the rational design of four-component radiopharmaceuticals has become popularized. This Review introduces fundamental concepts of drug design and applications, with particular emphasis on bifunctional chelators (BFCs), which ensure secure consolidation of the radiometal and targeting vector and are integral for optimal drug performance. Also presented are detailed accounts of production, chelation chemistry, and biological use of selected main group and rare earth radiometals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas I Kostelnik
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , British Columbia V6T 1Z1 , Canada
| | - Chris Orvig
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , British Columbia V6T 1Z1 , Canada
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Farzin L, Sheibani S, Moassesi ME, Shamsipur M. An overview of nanoscale radionuclides and radiolabeled nanomaterials commonly used for nuclear molecular imaging and therapeutic functions. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 107:251-285. [PMID: 30358098 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of nanotechnology applications in nuclear medicine offer the promise of better diagnostic and therapeutic options. In recent years, increasing efforts have been focused on developing nanoconstructs that can be used as core platforms for attaching medical radionuclides with different strategies for the purposes of molecular imaging and targeted drug delivery. This review article presents an introduction to some commonly used nanomaterials with zero-dimensional, one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional structures, describes the various methods applied to radiolabeling of nanomaterials, and provides illustrative examples of application of the nanoscale radionuclides or radiolabeled nanocarriers in nuclear nanomedicine. Especially, the passive and active nanotargeting delivery of radionuclides with illustrating examples for tumor imaging and therapy was reviewed and summarized. The accurate and early diagnosis of cancer can lead to increased survival rates for different types of this disease. Although, the conventional single-modality diagnostic methods such as positron emission tomography/single photon emission computed tomography or MRI used for such purposes are powerful means; most of these are limited by sensitivity or resolution. By integrating complementary signal reporters into a single nanoparticulate contrast agent, multimodal molecular imaging can be performed as scalable images with high sensitivity, resolution, and specificity. The advent of radiolabeled nanocarriers or radioisotope-loaded nanomaterials with magnetic, plasmonic, or fluorescent properties has stimulated growing interest in the developing multimodality imaging probes. These new developments in nuclear nanomedicine are expected to introduce a paradigm shift in multimodal molecular imaging and thereby opening up an era of new diagnostic medical imaging agents. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 251-285, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Farzin
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahab Sheibani
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Esmaeil Moassesi
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
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Kleynhans J, Grobler AF, Ebenhan T, Sathekge MM, Zeevaart JR. Radiopharmaceutical enhancement by drug delivery systems: A review. J Control Release 2018; 287:177-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Thiele NA, Wilson JJ. Actinium-225 for Targeted α Therapy: Coordination Chemistry and Current Chelation Approaches. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2018; 33:336-348. [PMID: 29889562 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2018.2494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The α-emitting radionuclide actinium-225 possesses nuclear properties that are highly promising for use in targeted α therapy (TAT), a therapeutic strategy that employs α particle emissions to destroy tumors. A key factor, however, that may hinder the clinical use of actinium-225 is the poor understanding of its coordination chemistry, which creates challenges for the development of suitable chelation strategies for this ion. In this article, we provide an overview of the known chemistry of actinium and a summary of the chelating agents that have been explored for use in actinium-225-based TAT. This overview provides a starting point for researchers in the field of TAT to gain an understanding of this valuable therapeutic radionuclide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki A Thiele
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York
| | - Justin J Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York
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42
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Kouwenberg JJM, Wolterbeek HT, Denkova AG, Bos AJJ. Fluorescent nuclear track detectors for alpha radiation microdosimetry. Radiat Oncol 2018; 13:107. [PMID: 29880059 PMCID: PMC5992759 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-018-1034-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While alpha microdosimetry dates back a couple of decades, the effects of localized energy deposition of alpha particles are often still unclear since few comparative studies have been performed. Most modern alpha microdosimetry studies rely for large parts on simulations, which negatively impacts both the simplicity of the calculations and the reliability of the results. A novel microdosimetry method based on the Fluorescent Nuclear Track Detector, a versatile tool that can measure individual alpha particles at sub-micron resolution, yielding accurate energy, fluence and dose rate measurements, was introduced to address these issues. METHODS Both the detectors and U87 glioblastoma cell cultures were irradiated using an external Am241 alpha source. The alpha particle tracks measured with a Fluorescent Nuclear Track Detector were used together with high resolution 3D cell geometries images to calculate the nucleus dose distribution in the U87 glioblastoma cells. The experimentally obtained microdosimetry parameters were thereafter applied to simulations of 3D U87 cells cultures (spheroids) with various spatial distributions of isotopes to evaluate the effect of the nucleus dose distribution on the expected cell survival. RESULTS The new experimental method showed good agreement with the analytically derived nucleus dose distributions. Small differences (< 5%) in the relative effectiveness were found for isotopes in the cytoplasm and on the cell membrane versus external irradiation, while isotopes located in the nucleus or on the nuclear membrane showed a substantial increase in relative effectiveness (33 - 51%). CONCLUSIONS The ease-of-use, good accuracy and use of experimentally derived characteristics of the radiation field make this method superior to conventional simulation-based microdosimetry studies. Considering the uncertainties found in alpha radionuclide carriers in-vivo and in-vitro, together with the large contributions from the relative biological effectiveness and the oxygen enhancement ratio, it is expected that only carriers penetrating or surrounding the cell nucleus will substantially benefit from microdosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. J. M. Kouwenberg
- Radiation, Science & Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - H. T. Wolterbeek
- Radiation, Science & Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - A. G. Denkova
- Radiation, Science & Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - A. J. J. Bos
- Radiation, Science & Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, Delft, The Netherlands
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Abstract
α-Particle irradiation of cancerous tissue is increasingly recognized as a potent therapeutic option. We briefly review the physics, radiobiology, and dosimetry of α-particle emitters, as well as the distinguishing features that make them unique for radiopharmaceutical therapy. We also review the emerging clinical role of α-particle therapy in managing cancer and recent studies on in vitro and preclinical α-particle therapy delivered by antibodies, other small molecules, and nanometer-sized particles. In addition to their unique radiopharmaceutical characteristics, the increased availability and improved radiochemistry of α-particle radionuclides have contributed to the growing recent interest in α-particle radiotherapy. Targeted therapy strategies have presented novel possibilities for the use of α-particles in the treatment of cancer. Clinical experience has already demonstrated the safe and effective use of α-particle emitters as potent tumor-selective drugs for the treatment of leukemia and metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R McDevitt
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - George Sgouros
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Stavroula Sofou
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Holzwarth U, Ojea Jimenez I, Calzolai L. A random walk approach to estimate the confinement of α-particle emitters in nanoparticles for targeted radionuclide therapy. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2018; 3:9. [PMID: 29888318 PMCID: PMC5976682 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-018-0042-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted radionuclide therapy is a highly efficient but still underused treatment modality for various types of cancers that uses so far mainly readily available β-emitting radionuclides. By using α-particle emitters several shortcomings due to hypoxia, cell proliferation and in the selected treatment of small volumes such as micrometastasis could be overcome. To enable efficient targeting longer-lived α-particle emitters are required. These are the starting point of decay chains emitting several α-particles delivering extremely high radiation doses into small treatment volumes. However, as a consequence of the α-decay the daughter nuclides receive high recoil energies that cannot be managed by chemical radiolabelling techniques. By safe encapsulation of all α-emitters in the decay chain in properly sized nanocarriers their release may be avoided. RESULTS The encapsulation of small core nanoparticles loaded with the radionuclide in a shell structure that safely confines the recoiling daughter nuclides promises good tumour targeting, penetration and uptake, provided these nanostructures can be kept small enough. A model for spherical nanoparticles is proposed that allows an estimate of the fraction of recoiling α-particle emitters that may escape from the nanoparticles as a function of their size. The model treats the recoil ranges of the daughter nuclides as approximately equidistant steps with arbitrary orientation in a three-dimensional random walk model. CONCLUSIONS The presented model allows an estimate of the fraction of α-particles that are emitted from outside the nanoparticle when its size is reduced below the radius that guarantees complete confinement of all radioactive daughter nuclides. Smaller nanoparticle size with reduced retention of daughter radionuclides might be tolerated when the effects can be compensated by fast internalisation of the nanoparticles by the target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Holzwarth
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA Italy
| | - Isaac Ojea Jimenez
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA Italy
| | - Luigi Calzolai
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA Italy
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45
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Cędrowska E, Pruszynski M, Majkowska-Pilip A, Męczyńska-Wielgosz S, Bruchertseifer F, Morgenstern A, Bilewicz A. Functionalized TiO 2 nanoparticles labelled with 225Ac for targeted alpha radionuclide therapy. JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY FORUM FOR NANOSCALE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018; 20:83. [PMID: 29576738 PMCID: PMC5861168 DOI: 10.1007/s11051-018-4181-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The 225Ac radioisotope exhibits very attractive nuclear properties for application in radionuclide therapy. Unfortunately, the major challenge for radioconjugates labelled with 225Ac is that traditional chelating moieties are unable to sequester the radioactive daughters in the bioconjugate which is critical to minimize toxicity to healthy, non-targeted tissues. In the present work, we propose to apply TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) as carrier for 225Ac and its decay products. The surface of TiO2 nanoparticles with 25 nm diameter was modified with Substance P (5-11), a peptide fragment which targets NK1 receptors on the glioma cells, through the silan-PEG-NHS linker. Nanoparticles functionalized with Substance P (5-11) were synthesized with high yield in a two-step procedure, and the products were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The obtained results show that one TiO2-bioconjugate nanoparticle contains in average 80 peptide molecules on its surface. The synthesized TiO2-PEG-SP(5-11) conjugates were labelled with 225Ac by ion-exchange reaction on hydroxyl (OH) functional groups on the TiO2 surface. The labelled bioconjugates almost quantitatively retain 225Ac in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), physiological salt and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for up to 10 days. The leaching of 221Fr, a first decay daughter of 225Ac, in an amount of 30% was observed only in CSF after 10 days. The synthesized 225Ac-TiO2-PEG-SP(5-11) has shown high cytotoxic effect in vitro in T98G glioma cells; therefore, it is a promising new radioconjugate for targeted radionuclide therapy of brain tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Cędrowska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Pruszynski
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Frank Bruchertseifer
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Department for Nuclear Safety and Security, 76125 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alfred Morgenstern
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Department for Nuclear Safety and Security, 76125 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Aleksander Bilewicz
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
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46
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Progress in Targeted Alpha-Particle Therapy. What We Learned about Recoils Release from In Vivo Generators. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23030581. [PMID: 29510568 PMCID: PMC6017877 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes recent progress and developments as well as the most important pitfalls in targeted alpha-particle therapy, covering single alpha-particle emitters as well as in vivo alpha-particle generators. It discusses the production of radionuclides like 211At, 223Ra, 225Ac/213Bi, labelling and delivery employing various targeting vectors (small molecules, chelators for alpha-emitting nuclides and their biomolecular targets as well as nanocarriers), general radiopharmaceutical issues, preclinical studies, and clinical trials including the possibilities of therapy prognosis and follow-up imaging. Special attention is given to the nuclear recoil effect and its impacts on the possible use of alpha emitters for cancer treatment, proper dose estimation, and labelling chemistry. The most recent and important achievements in the development of alpha emitters carrying vectors for preclinical and clinical use are highlighted along with an outlook for future developments.
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47
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de Kruijff RM, van der Meer AJGM, Windmeijer CAA, Kouwenberg JJM, Morgenstern A, Bruchertseifer F, Sminia P, Denkova AG. The therapeutic potential of polymersomes loaded with 225Ac evaluated in 2D and 3D in vitro glioma models. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 127:85-91. [PMID: 29428791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alpha emitters have great potential in targeted tumour therapy, especially in destroying micrometastases, due to their high linear energy transfer (LET). To prevent toxicity caused by recoiled daughter atoms in healthy tissue, alpha emitters like 225Ac can be encapsulated in polymeric nanocarriers (polymersomes), which are capable of retaining the daughter atoms to a large degree. In the translation to a (pre-)clinical setting, it is essential to evaluate their therapeutic potential. As multicellular tumour spheroids mimic a tumour microenvironment more closely than a two-dimensional cellular monolayer, this study has focussed on the interaction of the polymersomes with U87 human glioma spheroids. We have found that polymersomes distribute themselves throughout the spheroid after 4 days which, considering the long half-life of 225Ac (9.9 d) (Vaidyanathan and Zalutsky, 1996), allows for irradiation of the entire spheroid. A decrease in spheroidal growth has been observed upon the addition of only 0.1 kBq 225Ac, an effect which was more pronounced for the 225Ac in polymersomes than when only coupled to DTPA. At higher activities (5 kBq), the spheroids have been found to be destroyed completely after two days. We have thus demonstrated that 225Ac containing polymersomes effectively inhibit tumour spheroid growth, making them very promising candidates for future in vivo testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M de Kruijff
- Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - A J G M van der Meer
- Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - C A A Windmeijer
- Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - J J M Kouwenberg
- Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - A Morgenstern
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate for Nuclear Safety and Security, P.O. Box 2340, 76125 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - F Bruchertseifer
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate for Nuclear Safety and Security, P.O. Box 2340, 76125 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P Sminia
- VUmc Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A G Denkova
- Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands
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48
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Lacoeuille F, Arlicot N, Faivre-Chauvet A. Targeted alpha and beta radiotherapy: An overview of radiopharmaceutical and clinical aspects. MEDECINE NUCLEAIRE-IMAGERIE FONCTIONNELLE ET METABOLIQUE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mednuc.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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49
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Toro-González M, Copping R, Mirzadeh S, Rojas JV. Multifunctional GdVO4:Eu core–shell nanoparticles containing 225Ac for targeted alpha therapy and molecular imaging. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:7985-7997. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02173b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Development of actinium-225 doped Gd0.8Eu0.2VO4 core–shell nanoparticles as multifunctional platforms for multimodal molecular imaging and targeted radionuclide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Toro-González
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Richmond
- USA
| | - R. Copping
- Nuclear Security and Isotope Technology Division
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
| | - S. Mirzadeh
- Nuclear Security and Isotope Technology Division
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
| | - J. V. Rojas
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Richmond
- USA
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50
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Sobol N, Sutherlin L, Cedrowska E, Schorp J, Rodríguez-Rodríguez C, Sossi V, Lattimer J, Miller DC, Pevsner P, Robertson JD. Synthesis and targeting of gold-coated 177Lu-containing lanthanide phosphate nanoparticles-A potential theranostic agent for pulmonary metastatic disease. APL Bioeng 2017; 2:016101. [PMID: 31069286 PMCID: PMC6481741 DOI: 10.1063/1.5018165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted radiotherapies maximize cytotoxicity to cancer cells. In this work, we describe the synthesis, characterization, and biodistribution of antibody conjugated gold-coated lanthanide phosphate nanoparticles containing 177Lu. [177Lu]Lu0.5Gd0.5(PO4)@Au@PEG800@Ab nanoparticles combine the radiation resistance of crystalline lanthanide phosphate for stability, the magnetic properties of gadolinium for facile separations, and a gold coating that can be readily functionalized for the attachment of targeting moieties. In contrast to current targeted radiotherapeutic pharmaceuticals, the nanoparticle-antibody conjugate can target and deliver multiple beta radiations to a single biologically relevant receptor. Up to 95% of the injected dose was delivered to the lungs using the monoclonal antibody mAb-201b to target the nanoparticles to thrombomodulin receptors. The 208 keV gamma ray from 177Lu decay (11%) can be used for SPECT imaging of the radiotherapeutic agent, while the moderate energy beta emitted in the decay can be highly effective in treating metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Edyta Cedrowska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joshua Schorp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | | | - Vesna Sossi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Jimmy Lattimer
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Douglas C Miller
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri 65212, USA
| | - Paul Pevsner
- Nano Imrad Technology, Inc., Irving, Texas 75039, USA
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