1
|
Geißler D, Wegner KD, Fischer C, Resch-Genger U. Exploring Simple Particle-Based Signal Amplification Strategies in a Heterogeneous Sandwich Immunoassay with Optical Detection. Anal Chem 2024; 96:5078-5085. [PMID: 38498677 PMCID: PMC10993196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Heterogeneous sandwich immunoassays are widely used for biomarker detection in bioanalysis and medical diagnostics. The high analyte sensitivity of the current "gold standard" enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) originates from the signal-generating enzymatic amplification step, yielding a high number of optically detectable reporter molecules. For future point-of-care testing (POCT) and point-of-need applications, there is an increasing interest in more simple detection strategies that circumvent time-consuming and temperature-dependent enzymatic reactions. A common concept to aim for detection limits comparable to those of enzymatic amplification reactions is the usage of polymer nanoparticles (NP) stained with a large number of chromophores. We explored different simple NP-based signal amplification strategies for heterogeneous sandwich immunoassays that rely on an extraction-triggered release step of different types of optically detectable reporters. Therefore, streptavidin-functionalized polystyrene particles (PSP) are utilized as carriers for (i) the fluorescent dye coumarin 153 (C153) and (ii) hemin (hem) molecules catalyzing the luminol reaction enabling chemiluminescence (CL) detection. Additionally, (iii) NP labeling with hemin-based microperoxidase MP11 was assessed. For each amplification approach, the PSP was first systematically optimized regarding size, loading concentration, and surface chemistry. Then, for an immunoassay for the inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP), the analyte sensitivity achievable with optimized PSP systems was compared with the established ELISA concept for photometric and CL detection. Careful optimization led to a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.1 ng/mL for MP11-labeled PSP and CL detection, performing similarly well to a photometric ELISA (0.13 ng/mL), which demonstrates the huge potential of our novel assay concept.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
(BAM), Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gritti N, Power RM, Graves A, Huisken J. Image restoration of degraded time-lapse microscopy data mediated by near-infrared imaging. Nat Methods 2024; 21:311-321. [PMID: 38177507 PMCID: PMC10864180 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-02127-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Time-lapse fluorescence microscopy is key to unraveling biological development and function; however, living systems, by their nature, permit only limited interrogation and contain untapped information that can only be captured by more invasive methods. Deep-tissue live imaging presents a particular challenge owing to the spectral range of live-cell imaging probes/fluorescent proteins, which offer only modest optical penetration into scattering tissues. Herein, we employ convolutional neural networks to augment live-imaging data with deep-tissue images taken on fixed samples. We demonstrate that convolutional neural networks may be used to restore deep-tissue contrast in GFP-based time-lapse imaging using paired final-state datasets acquired using near-infrared dyes, an approach termed InfraRed-mediated Image Restoration (IR2). Notably, the networks are remarkably robust over a wide range of developmental times. We employ IR2 to enhance the information content of green fluorescent protein time-lapse images of zebrafish and Drosophila embryo/larval development and demonstrate its quantitative potential in increasing the fidelity of cell tracking/lineaging in developing pescoids. Thus, IR2 is poised to extend live imaging to depths otherwise inaccessible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Gritti
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
- Mesoscopic Imaging Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rory M Power
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA
- EMBL Imaging Center, European Molecular Biology Laboratory Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jan Huisken
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Biology and Psychology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence 'Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells' (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gristwood K, Luli S, Rankin KS, Knight JC. Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation of a HER2-Specific ImmunoSCIFI Probe. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:47905-47912. [PMID: 38144136 PMCID: PMC10734019 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Secondary Cerenkov-induced fluorescence imaging (SCIFI) is an emerging biomedical optical imaging modality that leverages Cerenkov luminescence, primarily generated by β-emitting radioisotopes, to excite fluorophores that offer near-infrared emissions with optimal tissue penetrance. Dual-functionalized immunoconjugates composed of an antibody, a near-infrared fluorophore, and a β-emitting radioisotope have potential utility as novel SCIFI constructs with high specificity for molecular biomarkers of disease. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of [89Zr]Zr-DFO-trastuzumab-BOD665, a self-excitatory HER2-specific "immunoSCIFI" probe capable of yielding near-infrared fluorescence in situ without external excitation. The penetration depth of the SCIFI signal was measured in hemoglobin-infused optical tissue phantoms that indicated a 2.05-fold increase compared to 89Zr-generated Cerenkov luminescence. Additionally, the binding specificity of the immunoSCIFI probe for HER2 was evaluated in a cellular assay that showed significantly higher binding to SKBR3 (high HER2 expression) relative to MDA-MB-468 (low HER2) breast cancer cells based on measurements of total flux in the near-infrared region with external excitation blocked. Taken together, the results of this study indicate the potential utility of immunoSCIFI constructs for interrogation of molecular biomarkers of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Gristwood
- School
of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle
University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Saimir Luli
- Preclinical
In Vivo Imaging, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Kenneth S. Rankin
- Translational
and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle
University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - James C. Knight
- School
of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle
University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vivier D, Hautière M, Pineau D, Dancer PA, Herbet A, Hugnot JP, Bernhard C, Goncalves V, Truillet C, Boquet D, Denat F. Synthesis and Preclinical Fluorescence Imaging of Dually Functionalized Antibody Conjugates Targeting Endothelin Receptor-Positive Tumors. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:2144-2153. [PMID: 37931154 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
For the past two decades, the emerging role of the endothelin (ET) axis in cancer has been extensively investigated, and its involvement in several mechanisms described as "hallmarks of cancer" has clearly highlighted its potential as a therapeutic target. Despite the growing interest in finding effective anticancer drugs, no breakthrough treatment has successfully made its way to the market. Recently, our team reported the development of a new immuno-positron emission tomography probe targeting the ET A receptor (ETA, one of the ET receptors) that allows the successful detection of ETA+ glioblastoma, paving the way for the elaboration of novel antibody-based strategies. In this study, we describe the synthesis of two PET/NIRF (positron emission tomography/near-infrared fluorescence) dually functionalized imaging agents, directed against ETA or ETB, that could be used to detect ET+ tumors and select patients that will be eligible for fluorescence-guided surgery. Both imaging modalities were brought together using a highly versatile tetrazine platform bearing the IRDye800CW fluorophore and desferrioxamine for 89Zr chelation. This so-called monomolecular multimodal imaging probe was then "clicked", via an inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction, to antibodies conjugated site-specifically with a trans-cyclooctene group. This approach has led to homogeneous and well-defined constructs that retained their high affinity and high specificity for their respective target, as shown by flow cytometry and NIRF in vivo imaging experiments in nude mice bearing CHO-ETA and CHO-ETB tumors. Ultimately, these bimodal immunoconjugates could be used to improve the outcomes of patients with ET+ tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Vivier
- Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB UMR CNRS 6302, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Marie Hautière
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, DMTS, SPI, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, BioMaps, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Donovan Pineau
- Université de Montpellier, IGF, INSERM U 1191-CNRS UMR 5203, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Amaury Herbet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, DMTS, SPI, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Hugnot
- Université de Montpellier, IGF, INSERM U 1191-CNRS UMR 5203, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Bernhard
- Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB UMR CNRS 6302, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Victor Goncalves
- Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB UMR CNRS 6302, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Charles Truillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, BioMaps, 91401 Orsay, France
| | - Didier Boquet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, DMTS, SPI, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Franck Denat
- Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB UMR CNRS 6302, 21000 Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kobzev D, Prasad C, Walunj D, Gotman H, Semenova O, Bazylevich A, Patsenker L, Gellerman G. Synthesis and biological evaluation of theranostic Trastuzumab–SN38 conjugate for Near-IR fluorescence imaging and targeted therapy of HER2+ breast cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 252:115298. [PMID: 36966651 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report on the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a new theranostic antibody drug conjugate (ADC), Cy5-Ab-SS-SN38, that consists of the HER2-specific antibody trastuzumab (Ab) connected to the near infrared (NIR) pentamethine cyanine dye Cy5 and SN38, which is a bioactive metabolite of the anticancer drug irinotecan. SN38 is bound to an antibody through a glutathione-responsive self-immolative disulfide carbamate linker. For the first time, we explored this linker in ADC and found that it to reduce the drug release rate, which is important for safe drug delivery. The developed ADC exhibited specific accumulation and nanomolar anti-breast cancer activity on HER2-positive (HER2+) cell lines but no effect on HER2-. Animals treated with this ADC exhibited good tolerance. In vivo studies have shown that the ADC had good targeting ability for HER2+ tumors with much higher anticancer potency than trastuzumab itself or a mixture of trastuzumab with SN38. Side-by-side HER2+/HER2-xenograft at the 10 mg/kg dose exhibited specific accumulation and reduction of HER2+ tumor but not accumulation or growth inhibition of HER2-counterpart. The self-immolative disulfide linker implemented in this study was proven to be successful, broadening its utilization with other antibodies for targeted anticancer therapy in general. We believe that the theranostic ADCs comprising the glutathione-responsive self-immolative disulfide carbamate linker are applicable for the treatment and fluorescent monitoring of malignancies and anticancer drug delivery.
Collapse
|
6
|
Yadav Y, Owens E, Nomura S, Fukuda T, Baek Y, Kashiwagi S, Choi HS, Henary M. Ultrabright and Serum-Stable Squaraine Dyes. J Med Chem 2020; 63:9436-9445. [PMID: 32787096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Highly stable symmetric and asymmetric squaraine fluorophores have been synthesized featuring an internal salt bridge between a quaternary ammonium cation and the central oxycyclobutenolate ring of the chromophore. Some of our newly synthesized symmetric and asymmetric compounds display increased molar absorptivity, quantum yield in serum, and thermal/photochemical stability over previously reported squaraine-based dyes. Consequently, both classes show great promise in resurfacing the normal environment-labile squaraine dyes as novel imaging agents and scaffolds for fluorescence sensing. Furthermore, incorporating a covalent attachment point away from the conjugated system allows for biological tagging applications without disturbing the optimum optical characteristics of the newly designed fluorophore.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, 145 Piedmont Avenue SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Eric Owens
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, 145 Piedmont Avenue SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States.,Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, 145 Piedmont Avenue SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Shinsuke Nomura
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.,Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fukuda
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Yoonji Baek
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Satoshi Kashiwagi
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Hak Soo Choi
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Maged Henary
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, 145 Piedmont Avenue SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States.,Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, 145 Piedmont Avenue SE, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Putzke S, Feldhues E, Heep I, Ilg T, Lamprecht A. Cationic lipid/pDNA complex formation as potential generic method to generate specific IRF pathway stimulators. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 155:112-121. [PMID: 32798666 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cationic liposome - CpG DNA complexes (lipoplexes) are known as stimulators of innate immunity via Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)-triggered activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. More recent reports suggest that DNA lipoplexes also engage DNA sensors in the cytosol leading to the stimulation of the interferon response factor (IRF) pathway. In this study a range of lipoplexes were formulated by using an invariable helper lipid, three different cationic lipids (DOTAP, DOTMA and DDA) and three different CpG-containing plasmids of different sizes. These lipoplexes exhibited similar hydrodynamic diameters, zeta-potentials and plasmid loading rates, despite the different lipid blends and CpG-containing plasmids. Binding and uptake of liposomal lipids by J774.A1 macrophages and JAWSII dendritic cells increased significantly (up to 4-fold) upon lipoplex formation. Cellular plasmid DNA uptake via lipoplexes compared to naked DNA was increased up to 18-fold. Analysis of signal transduction pathway activation in J774-DUAL™ reporter cells by liposomes or naked CpG plasmid DNA compared to their derived lipoplexes showed only minor activation of the NF-κB pathway, while the IRF pathway displayed massive activation factors of up to 46-fold. DOTAP- and DOTMA lipoplexes also led to massive interferon-alpha and -beta secretion of J774A.1 macrophages and JAWSII dendritic cells, which is a hallmark of IRF pathway activation. Cellular distribution studies on DOTAP lipoplexes suggest delivery of plasmid DNA via vesicular compartments into the cytosol. Taken together, the CpG plasmid DNA lipoplexes generated in this study appear to selectively stimulate DNA receptors activating the IRF pathway, while bypassing TLR9 and NF-κB activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Putzke
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany; Bayer Animal Health GmbH, 40789 Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | | | - Iris Heep
- Bayer Animal Health GmbH, 40789 Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Thomas Ilg
- Bayer Animal Health GmbH, 40789 Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Alf Lamprecht
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zavoiura O, Resch-Genger U, Seitz O. Quantum Dot-PNA Conjugates for Target-Catalyzed RNA Detection. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:1690-1702. [PMID: 29694033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Detection of pathogenic nucleic acids remains one of the most reliable approaches for the diagnosis of a broad range of diseases. Current PCR-based methods require experienced personnel and cannot be easily used for point-of-care diagnostics, making alternative strategies for the sensitive, reliable, and cost-efficient detection of pathogenic nucleic acids highly desirable. Here, we report an enzyme-free method for the fluorometric detection of RNA that relies on a target-induced fluorophore transfer onto a semiconductor quantum dot (QD), uses PNA probes as selective recognition elements and can be read out with simple and inexpensive equipment. For QD-PNA conjugates with optimized PNA content, limits of detection of dengue RNA in the range of 10 pM to 100 nM can be realized within 5 h in the presence of a high excess of noncomplementary RNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Zavoiura
- Division Biophotonics , Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) , Richard-Willstaetter Strasse 11 , 12489 , Berlin , Germany.,Department of Chemistry , Humboldt University of Berlin , Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 , 12489 Berlin , Germany.,School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof , Humboldt University of Berlin , Unter den Linden 6 , 10099 , Berlin , Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division Biophotonics , Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) , Richard-Willstaetter Strasse 11 , 12489 , Berlin , Germany
| | - Oliver Seitz
- Department of Chemistry , Humboldt University of Berlin , Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Madsen J, Madden G, Themistou E, Warren NJ, Armes SP. pH-Responsive diblock copolymers with two different fluorescent labels for simultaneous monitoring of micellar self-assembly and degree of protonation. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00111a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Facile labelling of both blocks of a pH-responsive diblock copolymer with different fluorophores allows monitoring of polymer aggregation and deprotonation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe Madsen
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
- Danish Polymer Centre
| | | | - Efrosyni Themistou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Queen's University Belfast
- Belfast BT9 5AG
- UK
| | - Nicholas J. Warren
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pauli J, Pochstein M, Haase A, Napp J, Luch A, Resch-Genger U. Influence of Label and Charge Density on the Association of the Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies Trastuzumab and Cetuximab Conjugated to Anionic Fluorophores. Chembiochem 2016; 18:101-110. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Pauli
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM); Division 1.10 Biophotonics; Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Marieke Pochstein
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM); Division 1.10 Biophotonics; Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Andrea Haase
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR); Department of Chemical and Product Safety; Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany
| | - Joanna Napp
- Institute of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology; University Medical Center Göttingen; Robert-Koch-Strasse 40 37075 Göttingen Germany
- Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology; University Medical Center Göttingen; Robert-Koch-Strasse 40,
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signal; Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine; Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3 37075 Göttingen Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR); Department of Chemical and Product Safety; Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM); Division 1.10 Biophotonics; Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Quevedo PD, Behnke T, Resch-Genger U. Streptavidin conjugation and quantification-a method evaluation for nanoparticles. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:4133-49. [PMID: 27038055 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9510-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aiming at the development of validated protocols for protein conjugation of nanomaterials and the determination of protein labeling densities, we systematically assessed the conjugation of the model protein streptavidin (SAv) to 100-, 500-, and 1000-nm-sized polystyrene and silica nanoparticles and dye-encoded polymer particles with two established conjugation chemistries, based upon achievable coupling efficiencies and labeling densities. Bioconjugation reactions compared included EDC/sulfo NHS ester chemistry for direct binding of the SAv to carboxyl groups at the particle surface and maleimide-thiol chemistry in conjunction with heterobifunctional PEG linkers and aminated nanoparticles (NPs). Quantification of the total and functional amounts of SAv on these nanomaterials and unreacted SAv in solution was performed with the BCA assay and the biotin-FITC (BF) titration, relying on different signal generation principles, which are thus prone to different interferences. Our results revealed a clear influence of the conjugation chemistry on the amount of NP crosslinking, yet under optimized reaction conditions, EDC/sulfo NHS ester chemistry and the attachment via heterobifunctional PEG linkers led to comparably efficient SAv coupling and good labeling densities. Particle size can obviously affect protein labeling densities and particularly protein functionality, especially for larger particles. For unstained nanoparticles, direct bioconjugation seems to be the most efficient strategy, whereas for dye-encoded nanoparticles, PEG linkers are to be favored for the prevention of dye-protein interactions which can affect protein functionality specifically in the case of direct SAv binding. Moreover, an influence of particle size on achievable protein labeling densities and protein functionality could be demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Darío Quevedo
- Department 1, Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard Willstaetter Strasse 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Behnke
- Department 1, Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard Willstaetter Strasse 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Department 1, Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard Willstaetter Strasse 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
The fluorescent intensity of Cy3 and Cy5 dyes is strongly dependent on the nucleobase sequence of the labeled oligonucleotides. Sequence-dependent fluorescence may significantly influence the data obtained from many common experimental methods based on fluorescence detection of nucleic acids, such as sequencing, PCR, FRET, and FISH. To quantify sequence dependent fluorescence, we have measured the fluorescence intensity of Cy3 and Cy5 bound to the 5' end of all 1024 possible double-stranded DNA 5mers. The fluorescence intensity was also determined for these dyes bound to the 5' end of fixed-sequence double-stranded DNA with a variable sequence 3' overhang adjacent to the dye. The labeled DNA oligonucleotides were made using light-directed, in situ microarray synthesis. The results indicate that the fluorescence intensity of both dyes is sensitive to all five bases or base pairs, that the sequence dependence is stronger for double- (vs single-) stranded DNA, and that the dyes are sensitive to both the adjacent dsDNA sequence and the 3'-ssDNA overhang. Purine-rich sequences result in higher fluorescence. The results can be used to estimate measurement error in experiments with fluorescent-labeled DNA, as well as to optimize the fluorescent signal by considering the nucleobase environment of the labeling cyanine dye.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Kretschy
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna , Althanstraße 14 (UZA II), A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matej Sack
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna , Althanstraße 14 (UZA II), A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mark M Somoza
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna , Althanstraße 14 (UZA II), A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Su D, Teoh CL, Samanta A, Kang NY, Park SJ, Chang YT. The development of a highly photostable and chemically stable zwitterionic near-infrared dye for imaging applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:3989-92. [PMID: 25664357 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc08814j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A novel zwitterionic near-infrared (NIR) dye, ZWCC, has been designed and synthesized. It shows significantly enhanced photostability and chemical stability compared to the existing zwitterionic NIR dye. In addition, the feasibility of labeling ZWCC with biological ligands was investigated and used in live cell imaging applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Su
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138667, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Roubinet B, Massif C, Moreau M, Boschetti F, Ulrich G, Ziessel R, Renard PY, Romieu A. New 3-(Heteroaryl)-2-iminocoumarin-based Borate Complexes: Synthesis, Photophysical Properties, and Rational Functionalization for Biosensing/Biolabeling Applications. Chemistry 2015; 21:14589-601. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
15
|
Wycisk V, Pauli J, Welker P, Justies A, Resch-Genger U, Haag R, Licha K. Glycerol-based contrast agents: a novel series of dendronized pentamethine dyes. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:773-81. [PMID: 25811535 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of water-soluble dyes, which absorb and emit in the range between 650 and 950 nm and display high extinction coefficients (ε) as well as high fluorescence quantum yields (Φf), is still a demand for optical imaging. We now present a synthetic route for the preparation of a new group of glycerol-substituted cyanine dyes from dendronized indole precursors that have been functionalized as N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) esters. High Φf values of up to 0.15 and extinction coefficients of up to 189 000 L mol(-1) cm(-1) were obtained for the pure dyes. Furthermore, conjugates of the new dendronized dyes with the antibody cetuximab (ctx) that were directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) of tumor cells could be prepared with dye to protein ratios between 0.3 and 2.2 to assess their potential as imaging probes. For the first time, ctx conjugates could be achieved without showing a decrease in Φf and with an increasing labeling degree that exceeded the value of the pure dye even at a labeling degree above 2. The incorporation of hydrophilically and sterically demanding dendrimers into cyanines prevented dimer formation after covalent conjugation to the antibody. The binding functionality of the resulting ctx conjugates to the EGFR was successfully demonstrated by cell microscopy studies using EGFR expressing cell lines. In summary, the combination of hydrophilic glycerol dendrons with reactive dye labels has been established for the first time and is a promising approach toward more powerful fluorescent labels with less dimerization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Wycisk
- †Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jutta Pauli
- ‡BAM Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing, Division Biophotonics, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pia Welker
- §mivenion GmbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aileen Justies
- †Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- ‡BAM Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing, Division Biophotonics, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- †Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Licha
- §mivenion GmbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Heyer E, Lory P, Leprince J, Moreau M, Romieu A, Guardigli M, Roda A, Ziessel R. Highly Fluorescent and Water-Soluble Diketopyrrolopyrrole Dyes for Bioconjugation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201411274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
17
|
Heyer E, Lory P, Leprince J, Moreau M, Romieu A, Guardigli M, Roda A, Ziessel R. Highly Fluorescent and Water-Soluble Diketopyrrolopyrrole Dyes for Bioconjugation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:2995-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201411274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
18
|
Madsen J, Canton I, Warren NJ, Themistou E, Blanazs A, Ustbas B, Tian X, Pearson R, Battaglia G, Lewis AL, Armes SP. Nile Blue-based nanosized pH sensors for simultaneous far-red and near-infrared live bioimaging. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:14863-70. [PMID: 24001153 PMCID: PMC3798108 DOI: 10.1021/ja407380t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Diblock
copolymer vesicles are tagged with pH-responsive Nile Blue-based
labels and used as a new type of pH-responsive colorimetric/fluorescent
biosensor for far-red and near-infrared imaging of live cells. The
diblock copolymer vesicles described herein are based on poly(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl
phosphorylcholine-block-2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate) [PMPC-PDPA]:
the biomimetic PMPC block is known to facilitate rapid cell uptake
for a wide range of cell lines, while the PDPA block constitutes the
pH-responsive component that enables facile vesicle self-assembly
in aqueous solution. These biocompatible vesicles can be utilized
to detect interstitial hypoxic/acidic regions in a tumor model via
a pH-dependent colorimetric shift. In addition, they are also useful
for selective intracellular staining of lysosomes and early endosomes
via subtle changes in fluorescence emission. Such nanoparticles combine
efficient cellular uptake with a pH-responsive Nile Blue dye label
to produce a highly versatile dual capability probe. This is in marked
contrast to small molecule dyes, which are usually poorly uptaken
by cells, frequently exhibit cytotoxicity, and are characterized by
intracellular distributions invariably dictated by their hydrophilic/hydrophobic
balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe Madsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield , Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pauli J, Licha K, Berkemeyer J, Grabolle M, Spieles M, Wegner N, Welker P, Resch-Genger U. New Fluorescent Labels with Tunable Hydrophilicity for the Rational Design of Bright Optical Probes for Molecular Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:1174-85. [PMID: 23758616 DOI: 10.1021/bc4000349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Pauli
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.10 Biophotonics,
Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Licha
- mivenion GmbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Janis Berkemeyer
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.10 Biophotonics,
Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Grabolle
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.10 Biophotonics,
Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Monika Spieles
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.10 Biophotonics,
Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole Wegner
- mivenion GmbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pia Welker
- mivenion GmbH, Robert-Koch-Platz 4, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Division 1.10 Biophotonics,
Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mathejczyk JE, Pauli J, Dullin C, Resch-Genger U, Alves F, Napp J. High-sensitivity detection of breast tumors in vivo by use of a pH-sensitive near-infrared fluorescence probe. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2012; 17:076028. [PMID: 22894511 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.17.7.076028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the potential of the pH-sensitive dye, CypHer5E, conjugated to Herceptin (pH-Her) for the sensitive detection of breast tumors in mice using noninvasive time-domain near-infrared fluorescence imaging and different methods of data analysis. First, the fluorescence properties of pH-Her were analyzed as function of pH and/or dye-to-protein ratio, and binding specificity was confirmed in cell-based assays. Subsequently, the performance of pH-Her in nude mice bearing orthotopic HER2-positive (KPL-4) and HER2-negative (MDA-MB-231) breast carcinoma xenografts was compared to that of an always-on fluorescent conjugate Alexa Fluor 647-Herceptin (Alexa-Her). Subtraction of autofluorescence and lifetime (LT)-gated image analyses were performed for background fluorescence suppression. In mice bearing HER2-positive tumors, autofluorescence subtraction together with the selective fluorescence enhancement of pH-Her solely in the tumor's acidic environment provided high contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs). This led to an improved sensitivity of tumor detection compared to Alexa-Her. In contrast, LT-gated imaging using LTs determined in model systems did not improve tumor-detection sensitivity in vivo for either probe. In conclusion, pH-Her is suitable for sensitive in vivo monitoring of HER2-expressing breast tumors with imaging in the intensity domain and represents a promising tool for detection of weak fluorescent signals deriving from small tumors or metastases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Eva Mathejczyk
- Max-Planck-Institute for Experimental Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hennig A, Borcherding H, Jaeger C, Hatami S, Würth C, Hoffmann A, Hoffmann K, Thiele T, Schedler U, Resch-Genger U. Scope and Limitations of Surface Functional Group Quantification Methods: Exploratory Study with Poly(acrylic acid)-Grafted Micro- and Nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:8268-76. [DOI: 10.1021/ja302649g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hennig
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse
11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Christian Jaeger
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse
11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Soheil Hatami
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse
11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Würth
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse
11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelika Hoffmann
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse
11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Hoffmann
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse
11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Thiele
- PolyAn GmbH, Rudolf-Baschant-Strasse 2,
D-13086 Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Schedler
- PolyAn GmbH, Rudolf-Baschant-Strasse 2,
D-13086 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Strasse
11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
|