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Choudhury SD, Kumar P, Choudhury D. Bioactive nutraceuticals as G4 stabilizers: potential cancer prevention and therapy-a critical review. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3585-3616. [PMID: 38019298 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02857-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
G-quadruplexes (G4) are non-canonical, four-stranded, nucleic acid secondary structures formed in the guanine-rich sequences, where guanine nucleotides associate with each other via Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding. These structures are widely found near the functional regions of the mammalian genome, such as telomeres, oncogenic promoters, and replication origins, and play crucial regulatory roles in replication and transcription. Destabilization of G4 by various carcinogenic agents allows oncogene overexpression and extension of telomeric ends resulting in dysregulation of cellular growth-promoting oncogenesis. Therefore, targeting and stabilizing these G4 structures with potential ligands could aid cancer prevention and therapy. The field of G-quadruplex targeting is relatively nascent, although many articles have demonstrated the effect of G4 stabilization on oncogenic expressions; however, no previous study has provided a comprehensive analysis about the potency of a wide variety of nutraceuticals and some of their derivatives in targeting G4 and the lattice of oncogenic cell signaling cascade affected by them. In this review, we have discussed bioactive G4-stabilizing nutraceuticals, their sources, mode of action, and their influence on cellular signaling, and we believe our insight would bring new light to the current status of the field and motivate researchers to explore this relatively poorly studied arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satabdi Datta Choudhury
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
| | - Prateek Kumar
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India
| | - Diptiman Choudhury
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
- Centre for Excellence in Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
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2
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Sun JW, Zou J, Zheng Y, Yuan H, Xie YZY, Wang XN, Ou TM. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel quindoline derivatives with fork-shaped side chains as RNA G-quadruplex stabilizers for repressing oncogene NRAS translation. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116406. [PMID: 38688064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
NRAS mutation is the second most common oncogenic factor in cutaneous melanoma. Inhibiting NRAS translation by stabilizing the G-quadruplex (G4) structure with small molecules seems to be a potential strategy for cancer therapy due to the NRAS protein's lack of a druggable pocket. To enhance the effects of previously reported G4 stabilizers quindoline derivatives, we designed and synthesized a novel series of quindoline derivatives with fork-shaped side chains by introducing (alkylamino)alkoxy side chains. Panels of experimental results showed that introducing a fork-shaped (alkylamino)alkoxy side chain could enhance the stabilizing abilities of the ligands against NRAS RNA G-quadruplexes and their anti-melanoma activities. One of them, 10b, exhibited good antitumor activity in the NRAS-mutant melanoma xenograft mouse model, showing the therapeutic potential of this kind of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jing Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuan-Ze-Yu Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Na Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tian-Miao Ou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Kehoe RA, Lowry A, Light ME, Jones DJ, Byrne PA, McGlacken GP. Regioselective Partial Hydrogenation and Deuteration of Tetracyclic (Hetero)aromatic Systems Using a Simple Heterogeneous Catalyst. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400102. [PMID: 38214926 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The introduction of added '3-dimensionality' through late-stage functionalisation of extended (hetero)aromatic systems is a powerful synthetic approach. The abundance of starting materials and cross-coupling methodologies to access the precursors allows for highly diverse products. Subsequent selective partial reduction can alter the core structure in a manner of interest to medicinal chemists. Herein, we describe the precise, partial reduction of multicyclic heteroaromatic systems using a simple heterogeneous catalyst. The approach can be extended to introduce deuterium (again at late-stage). Excellent yields can be obtained using simple reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta A Kehoe
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Robert Kane Building, Western Road, Cork
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), University of Limerick, Limerick
| | - Amy Lowry
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Robert Kane Building, Western Road, Cork
| | - Mark E Light
- Department of Chemistry, University of, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - David J Jones
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph-Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Peter A Byrne
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), University of Limerick, Limerick
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Gerard P McGlacken
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Robert Kane Building, Western Road, Cork
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), University of Limerick, Limerick
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4
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Piperine analogs arrest c-myc gene leading to downregulation of transcription for targeting cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22909. [PMID: 34824301 PMCID: PMC8617303 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01529-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplex (G4) structures are considered a promising therapeutic target in cancer. Since Ayurveda, Piperine has been known for its medicinal properties. Piperine shows anticancer properties by stabilizing the G4 motif present upstream of the c-myc gene. This gene belongs to a group of proto-oncogenes, and its aberrant transcription drives tumorigenesis. The transcriptional regulation of the c-myc gene is an interesting approach for anticancer drug design. The present study employed a chemical similarity approach to identify Piperine similar compounds and analyzed their interaction with cancer-associated G-quadruplex motifs. Among all Piperine analogs, PIP-2 exhibited strong selectivity, specificity, and affinity towards c-myc G4 DNA as elaborated through biophysical studies such as fluorescence emission, isothermal calorimetry, and circular dichroism. Moreover, our biophysical observations are supported by molecular dynamics analysis and cellular-based studies. Our study showed that PIP-2 showed higher toxicity against the A549 lung cancer cell line but lower toxicity towards normal HEK 293 cells, indicating increased efficacy of the drug at the cellular level. Biological evaluation assays such as TFP reporter assay, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT- PCR), and western blotting suggest that the Piperine analog-2 (PIP-2) stabilizes the G-quadruplex motif located at the promoter site of c-myc oncogene and downregulates its expression. In conclusion, Piperine analog PIP-2 may be used as anticancer therapeutics as it affects the c-myc oncogene expression via G-quadruplex mediated mechanism.
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Lauria A, La Monica G, Bono A, Martorana A. Quinoline anticancer agents active on DNA and DNA-interacting proteins: From classical to emerging therapeutic targets. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 220:113555. [PMID: 34052677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Quinoline is one of the most important and versatile nitrogen heterocycles embodied in several biologically active molecules. Within the numerous quinolines developed as antiproliferative agents, this review is focused on compounds interfering with DNA structure or with proteins/enzymes involved in the regulation of double helix functional processes. In this light, a special focus is given to the quinoline compounds, acting with classical/well-known mechanisms of action (DNA intercalators or Topoisomerase inhibitors). In particular, the quinoline drugs amsacrine and camptothecin (CPT) have been studied as key lead compounds for the development of new agents with improved PK and tolerability properties. Moreover, notable attention has been paid to the quinoline molecules, which are able to interfere with emerging targets involved in cancer progression, as G-quadruplexes or the epigenetic ones (e.g.: histone deacetylase, DNA and histones methyltransferase). The antiproliferative and the enzymatic inhibition data of the reviewed compounds have been analyzed. Furthermore, concerning the SAR (structure-activity relationship) aspects, the most recurrent ligand-protein interactions are summarized, underling the structural requirements for each kind of mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Lauria
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Technologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche "STEBICEF" - University of Palermo, Via Archirafi - 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gabriele La Monica
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Technologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche "STEBICEF" - University of Palermo, Via Archirafi - 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessia Bono
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Technologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche "STEBICEF" - University of Palermo, Via Archirafi - 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Annamaria Martorana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Technologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche "STEBICEF" - University of Palermo, Via Archirafi - 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
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Shnyder SD, Wright CW. Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Pharmacology of Cryptolepine. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 115:177-203. [PMID: 33797643 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64853-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Cryptolepine, the principal constituent of the West African climbing shrub Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, continues to be of interest as a lead to new therapeutic agents, especially for the treatment of protozoal infections and cancer. This contribution reviews the research published in the last decade, highlighting new synthesis routes to cryptolepine and to analogs of this alkaloid, as well as their pharmacology. Studies relating to the use of C. sanguinolenta as an herbal medicine for the treatment of malaria are discussed, as well as the development of analogs of cryptolepine as leads to new agents for the treatment of malaria, trypanosomiasis, and cancer with an emphasis on the pharmacological mechanisms involved. Other potential therapeutic applications include antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities; the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of cryptolepine are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Shnyder
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Colin W Wright
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK.
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Wang XN, Su XX, Cheng SQ, Sun ZY, Huang ZS, Ou TM. MYC modulators in cancer: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2019; 29:353-367. [PMID: 31068032 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2019.1612878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The important role of MYC in tumorigenesis makes it particularly important to design MYC modulators. Over the past decade, researchers have raised a number of strategies for designing MYC modulators, some of which are already in clinical trials. This paper aims to review the patents of MYC modulators. AREAS COVERED The important biological relevance of c-MYC and the regulation pathways related to c-MYC are briefly introduced. Base on that, the MYC modulators reported in published patents and references primarily for cancer treatment are outlined, highlighting the structures and biological activities. EXPERT OPINION There has been a growing awareness of finding and designing MYC modulators as novel anticancer drugs over recent years. Patents involving the discovery, synthesis, and application of MYC modulators are particularly important for further development in this field. Although finding direct MYC inhibitors or binders is challenging, MYC cannot be simply defined as an undruggable target. There is still substantial evidence proving the concept that MYC modulators can benefit to the treatment of both human hematological malignancies and solid tumors. More efforts should be taken to improve the activity and specificity of MYC modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Na Wang
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Su
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Sui-Qi Cheng
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Zhi-Yin Sun
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Tian-Miao Ou
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
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8
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Yuan JM, Wei K, Zhang GH, Chen NY, Wei XW, Pan CX, Mo DL, Su GF. Cryptolepine and aromathecin based mimics as potent G-quadruplex-binding, DNA-cleavage and anticancer agents: Design, synthesis and DNA targeting-induced apoptosis. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 169:144-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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9
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Peng W, Sun ZY, Zhang Q, Cheng SQ, Wang SK, Wang XN, Kuang GT, Su XX, Tan JH, Huang ZS, Ou TM. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Novel p-(Methylthio)styryl Substituted Quindoline Derivatives as Neuroblastoma RAS (NRAS) Repressors via Specific Stabilizing the RNA G-Quadruplex. J Med Chem 2018; 61:6629-6646. [PMID: 29799749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The human proto-oncogene neuroblastoma RAS ( NRAS) contains a guanine-rich sequence in the 5'-untranslated regions (5'-UTR) of the mRNA that could form an RNA G-quadruplex structure. This structure acts as a repressor for NRAS translation and could be a potential target for anticancer drugs. Our previous studies found an effective scaffold, the quindoline scaffold, for binding and stabilizing the DNA G-quadruplex structures. Here, on the basis of the previous studies and reported RNA-specific probes, a series of novel p-(methylthio)styryl substituted quindoline (MSQ) derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as NRAS RNA G-quadruplex ligands. Panels of experiments turned out that the introduction of p-(methylthio)styryl side chain could enhance the specific binding to the NRAS RNA G-quadruplex. One of the hits, 4a-10, showed strong stabilizing activity on the G-quadruplex and subsequently repressed NRAS's translation and inhibited tumor cells proliferation. Our finding provided a novel strategy to discover novel NRAS repressors by specifically binding to the RNA G-quadruplex in the 5'-UTR of mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yin Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Sui-Qi Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Shi-Ke Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Na Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Guo-Tao Kuang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Jia-Heng Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Tian-Miao Ou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
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Che T, Wang YQ, Huang ZL, Tan JH, Huang ZS, Chen SB. Natural Alkaloids and Heterocycles as G-Quadruplex Ligands and Potential Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020493. [PMID: 29473874 PMCID: PMC6017894 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplexes are four-stranded nucleic acid secondary structures that are formed in guanine-rich sequences. G-quadruplexes are widely distributed in functional regions of the human genome and transcriptome, such as human telomeres, oncogene promoter regions, replication initiation sites, and untranslated regions. Many G-quadruplex-forming sequences are found to be associated with cancer, and thus, these non-canonical nucleic acid structures are considered to be attractive molecular targets for cancer therapeutics with novel mechanisms of action. In this mini review, we summarize recent advances made by our lab in the study of G-quadruplex-targeted natural alkaloids and their derivatives toward the development of potential anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Che
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yu-Qing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhou-Li Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jia-Heng Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Shuo-Bin Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Zeng DY, Kuang GT, Wang SK, Peng W, Lin SL, Zhang Q, Su XX, Hu MH, Wang H, Tan JH, Huang ZS, Gu LQ, Ou TM. Discovery of Novel 11-Triazole Substituted Benzofuro[3,2-b]quinolone Derivatives as c-myc G-Quadruplex Specific Stabilizers via Click Chemistry. J Med Chem 2017; 60:5407-5423. [PMID: 28514170 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The specificity of nucleic acids' binders is crucial for developing this kind of drug, especially for novel G-quadruplexes' binders. Quindoline derivatives have been developed as G-quadruplex stabilizers with good interactive activities. In order to improve the selectivity and binding affinity of quindoline derivatives as c-myc G-quadruplex binding ligands, novel triazole containing benzofuroquinoline derivatives (T-BFQs) were designed and synthesized by using the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of a series of alkyne and azide building blocks. The selectivity toward c-myc G-quadruplex DNA of these novel T-BFQs was significantly improved, together with an obvious increase on binding affinity. Further cellular and in vivo experiments indicated that the T-BFQs showed inhibitory activity on tumor cells' proliferation, presumably through the down-regulation of transcription of c-myc gene. Our findings broadened the modification strategies of specific G-quadruplex stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Ying Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Tao Kuang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ke Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Ling Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Hao Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Honggen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Heng Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian-Quan Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Miao Ou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
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12
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Shamsuddin RB, Karim NHA. Synthesis and characterization of N,N’-bis[4-[1-(2-hidroxyethoxy)]salicylidine]-phenyldiamine-nickel(II)] complex. AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS 2016. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4966745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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13
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Targeting G-quadruplex nucleic acids with heterocyclic alkaloids and their derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 97:538-51. [PMID: 25466923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
G-Quadruplex nucleic acids or G-quadruplexes (G4s) are four-stranded DNA or RNA secondary structures that are formed in guanine-rich sequences. They are widely distributed in functional regions of the human genome, such as telomeres, ribosomal DNA (rDNA), transcription start sites, promoter regions and untranslated regions of mRNA, suggesting that G-quadruplex structures may play a pivotal role in the control of a variety of cellular processes. G-Quadruplexes are viewed as valid therapeutic targets in human cancer diseases. Small molecules, from naturally occurring to synthetic, are exploited to specifically target G-quadruplexes and have proven to be a new class of anticancer agents. Notably, alkaloids are an important source of G-quadruplex ligands and have significant bioactivities in anticancer therapy. In this review, the authors provide a brief, up-to-date summary of heterocyclic alkaloids and their derivatives targeting G-quadruplexes.
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Lecarme L, Prado E, De Rache A, Nicolau-Travers ML, Bonnet R, van Der Heyden A, Philouze C, Gomez D, Mergny JL, Jamet H, Defrancq E, Jarjayes O, Thomas F. Interaction of polycationic Ni(II)-salophen complexes with G-quadruplex DNA. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:12519-31. [PMID: 25383703 DOI: 10.1021/ic502063r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of nine Ni(II) salophen complexes involving one, two, or three alkyl-imidazolium side-chains was prepared. The lengths of the side-chains were varied from one to three carbons. The crystal structure of one complex revealed a square planar geometry of the nickel ion. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer melting of G-quadruplex structures in the presence of salophen complex were performed. The G-quadruplex DNA structures were stabilized in the presence of the complexes, but a duplex DNA was not. The binding constants of the complexes for parallel and antiparallel G-quadruplex DNA, as well as hairpin DNA, were measured by surface plasmon resonance. The compounds were selective for G-quadruplex DNA, as reflected by equilibrium dissociation constant KD values in the region 0.1-1 μM for G-quadruplexes and greater than 2 μM for duplex DNA. Complexes with more and shorter side-chains had the highest binding constants. The structural basis for the interaction of the complexes with the human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA was investigated by computational studies: the aromatic core of the complex stacked over the last tetrad of the G-quadruplex with peripherical cationic side chains inserted into opposite grooves. Biochemical studies (telomeric repeat amplification protocol assays) indicated that the complexes significantly inhibited telomerase activity with IC50 values as low as 700 nM; the complexes did not significantly inhibit polymerase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laureline Lecarme
- Université Grenoble Alpes , Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 5250, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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15
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Shan C, Tan JH, Ou TM, Huang ZS. Natural products and their derivatives as G-quadruplex binding ligands. Sci China Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-013-4920-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Wei C, Ren L, Gao N. Interactions of terpyridines and their Pt(II) complexes with G-quadruplex DNAs and telomerase inhibition. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 57:1-8. [PMID: 23434432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2013] [Revised: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Three terpyridine derivatives L1-L3 and their Pt(II) complexes 1-3 have been prepared, the binding interactions with human telomeric (h-telo) and the promoter c-kit2 and c-myc G-quadruplex DNAs were investigated. All the ligands and the complexes are potent stabilisers of the G-quadruplex structures and exhibit the G-quadruplex selectivity over duplex. The binding affinities of these compounds to G-quadruplexes are higher than to calf thymus DNA. Three Pt(II) complexes are also potent telomerase inhibitors. CD spectra show that both the ligands and the complexes can induce the formation of anti-parallel G-quadruplex structure of h-telo in the absence and presence of K(+). Each h-telo G-quadruplex binds two ligand or complex molecules using Job plot analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Wei
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China.
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