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Ziyaei Halimehjani A, Dağalan Z, Marjani Z, Gündüz F, Daştan A, Nişancı B. Catalyst/Metal/Solvent-Free Markovnikov Hydrothiolation of Unactivated Alkenes with Dithiocarbamic Acids. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5353-5362. [PMID: 38564378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Catalyst-free Markovnikov-selective hydrothiolation of unactivated alkenes still remains a great challenge. Herein, we develop a catalyst/metal/solvent-free methodology for the Markovnikov hydrothiolation of unactivated alkenes with in situ prepared dithiocarbamic acids, providing a wide array of alkyl dithiocarbamates. A variety of terminal, internal, cyclic, and acyclic unactivated alkenes were applied successfully in this protocol. This three-component thiol-ene reaction can be considered as a new family of click reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ziya Dağalan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Zahra Marjani
- Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, 49 Mofateh Street, Tehran 15719-14911, Iran
| | - Figen Gündüz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Arif Daştan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Bilal Nişancı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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Moreno-Alcántar G, Picchetti P, Casini A. Gold Complexes in Anticancer Therapy: From New Design Principles to Particle-Based Delivery Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218000. [PMID: 36847211 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of the medicinal properties of gold complexes has fuelled the design and synthesis of new anticancer metallodrugs, which have received special attention due to their unique modes of action. Current research in the development of gold compounds with therapeutic properties is predominantly focused on the molecular design of drug leads with superior pharmacological activities, e.g., by introducing targeting features. Moreover, intensive research aims at improving the physicochemical properties of gold compounds, such as chemical stability and solubility in the physiological environment. In this regard, the encapsulation of gold compounds in nanocarriers or their chemical grafting onto targeted delivery vectors could lead to new nanomedicines that eventually reach clinical applications. Herein, we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art progress of gold anticancer compounds, andmore importantly we thoroughly revise the development of nanoparticle-based delivery systems for gold chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Moreno-Alcántar
- Chair of Medicinal and Bioinorganic Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Pierre Picchetti
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Angela Casini
- Chair of Medicinal and Bioinorganic Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
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3
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Polymeric Nanosystems Applied for Metal-Based Drugs and Photosensitizers Delivery: The State of the Art and Recent Advancements. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071506. [PMID: 35890401 PMCID: PMC9320085 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based approaches for targeting the delivery and controlled release of metal-based therapeutic agents have revealed significant potential as tools for enhancing the therapeutic effect of metal-based agents and minimizing their systemic toxicities. In this context, a series of polymer-based nanosized systems designed to physically load or covalently conjugate metal-based therapeutic agents have been remarkably improving their bioavailability and anticancer efficacy. Initially, the polymeric nanocarriers were applied for platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents resulting in some nanoformulations currently in clinical tests and even in medical applications. At present, these nanoassemblies have been slowly expanding for nonplatinum-containing metal-based chemotherapeutic agents. Interestingly, for metal-based photosensitizers (PS) applied in photodynamic therapy (PDT), especially for cancer treatment, strategies employing polymeric nanocarriers have been investigated for almost 30 years. In this review, we address the polymeric nanocarrier-assisted metal-based therapeutics agent delivery systems with a specific focus on non-platinum systems; we explore some biological and physicochemical aspects of the polymer–metallodrug assembly. Finally, we summarize some recent advances in polymeric nanosystems coupled with metal-based compounds that present potential for successful clinical applications as chemotherapeutic or photosensitizing agents. We hope this review can provide a fertile ground for the innovative design of polymeric nanosystems for targeting the delivery and controlled release of metal-containing therapeutic agents.
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Bhattacharya K, Kalita U, Singha NK. Tailor-made Glycopolymers via Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization: Design, Properties and Applications. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01640g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Investigating the underlying mechanism of biological interactions using glycopolymer is becoming increasingly important owing to their unique recognition properties. The multivalent interactions between lectin and glycopolymer are significantly influenced by...
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Gou Y, Huang G, Li J, Yang F, Liang H. Versatile delivery systems for non-platinum metal-based anticancer therapeutic agents. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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7
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Bononi G, Iacopini D, Cicio G, Di Pietro S, Granchi C, Di Bussolo V, Minutolo F. Glycoconjugated Metal Complexes as Cancer Diagnostic and Therapeutic Agents. ChemMedChem 2020; 16:30-64. [PMID: 32735702 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The possibility of selectively delivering metal complexes to a defined cohort of cells on the basis of their metabolic features is a highly challenging goal, which may be extremely useful for a series of purposes, including diagnosis and therapy of pathological states, such as cancer. Tumor cells display augmented requests for carbohydrates and, in particular, for glucose in order to sustain their high proliferation rate, which causes an increased glycolytic process (Warburg effect). Since several metal complexes display diagnostic and/or therapeutic properties, their conjugation to carbohydrate portions often induce their preferential accumulation in cancer cells, similarly to what is observed with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). In this review we have considered the latest developments of glycoconjugates containing metal complexes in their structures. These compounds are classified as diagnostic or therapeutic agents and are further systematically discussed on the basis of the metal atom they contain. Several diagnostic techniques are possible with these probes, since, depending on the metal species included in their structures, they may be employed in nuclear medicine (PET, SPECT), magnetic resonance imaging, luminescence and phosphorescence. At the same time, the lack of selective cytotoxicity displayed by several metal-based chemotherapeutic agents, may also be solved by the conjugation of these agents to carbohydrate portions. Overall, data so far available reveal the great potential of this chemical class in the early detection and in the cure of severe neoplastic diseases, which still needs to be fully explored in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bononi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 33, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Dalila Iacopini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gaspare Cicio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 33, 56126, Pisa, Italy.,Current address: Menarini Ricerche S.p.A. -, Laboratori di Pisa, Via Livornese 897, 56122, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Di Pietro
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 33, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Granchi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 33, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valeria Di Bussolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Minutolo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 33, 56126, Pisa, Italy
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Tabatabaei MS, Islam R, Ahmed M. Applications of gold nanoparticles in ELISA, PCR, and immuno-PCR assays: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1143:250-266. [PMID: 33384122 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Development of state-of-the-art assays for sensitive and specific detection of disease biomarkers has received significant interest for early detection and prevention of various diseases. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) are two examples of proteins and nucleic acid detection assays respectively, which have been widely used for the sensitive detection of target analytes in biological fluids. Recently, immuno-PCR has emerged as a sensitive detection method, where high specificity of sandwich ELISA assays is combined with high sensitivity of PCR for trace detection of biomarkers. However, inherent disadvantages of immuno-PCR assays limit their application as rapid and sensitive detection method in clinical settings. With advances in nanomaterials, nanoparticles-based immunoassays have been widely used to improve the sensitivity and simplicity of traditional immunoassays. Owing to facile synthesis, surface functionalization, and superior optical and electronic properties, gold nanoparticles have been at the forefront of sensing and detection technologies and have been extensively studied to improve the efficacies of immunoassays. This review provides a brief history of immuno-PCR assays and specifically focuses on the role of gold nanoparticles to improve the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA, PCR and immuno-PCR assays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafiq Islam
- Somru BioScience Inc., 19 Innovation Way, BioCommons Research Park.Charlottetown, PE, C1E 0B7, Canada
| | - Marya Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, 550 University Ave. Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada; Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Ave. Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada.
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9
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Preparation, characterization and release studies of folic acid from inulin conjugates. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 153:1147-1156. [PMID: 31760005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Folic acid a synthetic form of folate, is the oxidized form of folate which acts as a coenzyme in one carbon transfer reactions required in the biosynthesis of DNA and RNA and its deficiency could be related to diseases such as neural tube defects, Alzheimer's disease, pregnancy complications and cancer. Inulin is a polydisperse polysaccharide comprising mostly of fructosyl fructose units. An oxidized derivative of this inulin was prepared and used as a complexing agent for folic acid to obtain a polysaccharide bound folic acid conjugate. The aldehyde content and degree of oxidation of the oxidized inulin were determined by acid-base titrations. All the products were characterized by sophisticated spectroscopic and thermal methods of analysis. Release studies of folic acid from conjugates were carried out in different pH media and the results demonstrate the pH-sensitive behavior of the inulin-based delivery system towards the controlled release of folic acid.
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Zhou M, Xie Y, Xu S, Xin J, Wang J, Han T, Ting R, Zhang J, An F. Hypoxia-activated nanomedicines for effective cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 195:112274. [PMID: 32259703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia, a common characteristic in solid tumors, is found in phenotypically aggressive cancers that display resistance to typical cancer interventions. Due to its important role in tumor progression, tumor hypoxia has been considered as a primary target for cancer diagnosis and treatment. An advantage of hypoxia-activated nanomedicines is that they are inactive in normoxic cells. In hypoxic tumor tissues and cells, these nanomedicines undergo reduction by activated enzymes (usually through 1 or 2 electron oxidoreductases) to produce cytotoxic substances. In this review, we will focus on approaches to design nanomedicines that take advantage of tumor hypoxia. These approaches include: i) inhibitors of hypoxia-associated signaling pathways; ii) prodrugs activated by hypoxia; iii) nanocarriers responsive to hypoxia, and iv) bacteria mediated hypoxia targeting therapy. These strategies have guided and will continue to guide nanoparticle design in the near future. These strategies have the potential to overcome tumor heterogeneity to improve the efficiency of radiotherapy, chemotherapy and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 226000, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yuqi Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 226000, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shujun Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 226000, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jingqi Xin
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Science, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Tao Han
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Richard Ting
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 413E, 69th St, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Feifei An
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Science, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, PR China.
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11
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Adokoh CK. Therapeutic potential of dithiocarbamate supported gold compounds. RSC Adv 2020; 10:2975-2988. [PMID: 35496096 PMCID: PMC9048446 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09682e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chrysotherapy or aurotherapy, the use of gold as medicine, is two thousand years old. Hitherto, numerous diverse gold stabilizing ligands for instance vitamins, pyridine, phosphines, naphthylamine and xanthanes have been developed and their 'chelating effect' in addition to their anti-proliferative properties have been extensively studied. Recent advances in the field of bioinorganic chemistry have led to the design of biologically relevant metal complexes with appropriate fine-tuned ligands such as metallic conjugates of dithiocarbamates (DTCs). DTC compounds have been recognised to possess diverse applications and have demonstrated interesting biological properties. For instance, the chemoprotective and antitumour properties of gold metal ions and DTC compounds respectively, presents an innovative and effective approach to cancer management. This review presents therefore the therapeutic potential of DTC ligand systems as a support for gold compounds. The importance of dithiocarbamate supported gold compounds as potential therapeutic agents is highlighted with emphasis on the therapeutic potential of gold(iii) and gold(i) dithiocarbamate derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian K Adokoh
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana
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12
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Mosaiab T, Farr DC, Kiefel MJ, Houston TA. Carbohydrate-based nanocarriers and their application to target macrophages and deliver antimicrobial agents. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 151-152:94-129. [PMID: 31513827 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many deadly infections are produced by microorganisms capable of sustained survival in macrophages. This reduces exposure to chemadrotherapy, prevents immune detection, and is akin to criminals hiding in police stations. Therefore, the use of glyco-nanoparticles (GNPs) as carriers of therapeutic agents is a burgeoning field. Such an approach can enhance the penetration of drugs into macrophages with specific carbohydrate targeting molecules on the nanocarrier to interact with macrophage lectins. Carbohydrates are natural biological molecules and the key constituents in a large variety of biological events such as cellular communication, infection, inflammation, enzyme trafficking, cellular migration, cancer metastasis and immune functions. The prominent characteristics of carbohydrates including biodegradability, biocompatibility, hydrophilicity and the highly specific interaction of targeting cell-surface receptors support their potential application to drug delivery systems (DDS). This review presents the 21st century development of carbohydrate-based nanocarriers for drug targeting of therapeutic agents for diseases localized in macrophages. The significance of natural carbohydrate-derived nanoparticles (GNPs) as anti-microbial drug carriers is highlighted in several areas of treatment including tuberculosis, salmonellosis, leishmaniasis, candidiasis, and HIV/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamim Mosaiab
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Dylan C Farr
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Milton J Kiefel
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia.
| | - Todd A Houston
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia.
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Cacicedo ML, Ruiz MC, Scioli-Montoto S, Ruiz ME, Fernández MA, Torres-Sanchez RM, Baran EJ, Castro GR, León IE. Lipid nanoparticles – Metvan: revealing a novel way to deliver a vanadium compound to bone cancer cells. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01634a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A new Metvan-NLC compound was developed to improve Metvan's biopharmaceutical profile and antitumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. L. Cacicedo
- Laboratorio de Nanobiomateriales
- CINDEFI
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)-CONICET
- La Plata
| | - M. C. Ruiz
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR-CONICET-UNLP)
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata
- La Plata
- Argentina
| | - S. Scioli-Montoto
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Bioactivos (LIDeB)
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)
- La Plata
- Argentina
| | - M. E. Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Bioactivos (LIDeB)
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)
- La Plata
- Argentina
| | - M. A. Fernández
- CETMIC (Centro de Tecnología en Minerales y Cerámica)
- CONICET-CCT La Plata-CICBA
- Argentina
| | - R. M. Torres-Sanchez
- CETMIC (Centro de Tecnología en Minerales y Cerámica)
- CONICET-CCT La Plata-CICBA
- Argentina
| | - E. J. Baran
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR-CONICET-UNLP)
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata
- La Plata
- Argentina
| | - G. R. Castro
- Laboratorio de Nanobiomateriales
- CINDEFI
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)-CONICET
- La Plata
| | - I. E. León
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR-CONICET-UNLP)
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata
- La Plata
- Argentina
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14
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Medicinal Applications of Gold(I/III)-Based Complexes Bearing N-Heterocyclic Carbene and Phosphine Ligands. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Nanostructured materials functionalized with metal complexes: In search of alternatives for administering anticancer metallodrugs. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Adokoh CK, Darkwa J, Narain R. Synthetic Approach to Glycopolymer Base Nanoparticle Gold(I) Conjugate: A New Generation of Therapeutic Agents. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1367:157-168. [PMID: 26537472 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3130-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology have led to the fabrication of nano-constructs of organic or inorganic origins with well-defined structures, surface properties, and can be made to respond to physical or chemical stimuli. These nano-constructs can provide a shift in the way diagnostic and therapeutic drugs are delivered to achieve target specificity and increased retention of therapeutic doses for considerable improvement in the overall treatment of the tumors. In this case we describe here a synthetic approach to glycopolymer base nanoparticle gold(I) conjugate for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian K Adokoh
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, 9107-116 Street, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 2V4
- Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - James Darkwa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Ravin Narain
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, 9107-116 Street, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 2V4.
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Bavireddi H, Vasudeva Murthy R, Gade M, Sangabathuni S, Kikkeri R. Supramolecular metalloglycodendrimers selectively modulate lectin binding and delivery of Ru(ii) complexes into mammalian cells. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:10816-10821. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01546h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Host–guest interactions was used for controlled delivery of the Ru(ii)-glycodendrimers into cancer cells to induce cytotoxicity by reacting with the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Madhuri Gade
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Pune 411008
- India
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Pearson S, Lu H, Stenzel MH. Glycopolymer Self-Assemblies with Gold(I) Complexed to the Core as a Delivery System for Auranofin. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ma502263x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Pearson
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular
Design, School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Hongxu Lu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular
Design, School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Martina H. Stenzel
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular
Design, School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization from Surfaces. CONTROLLED RADICAL POLYMERIZATION AT AND FROM SOLID SURFACES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2015_316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Abstract
This review focuses on the different approaches to synthesizing glycopolymer-based nanoparticles and their various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Gaojian Chen
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215006
- P. R. China
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Obata M, Kobori T, Hirohara S, Tanihara M. Aqueous RAFT synthesis of block and statistical copolymers of 2-(α-d-mannopyranosyloxy)ethyl methacrylate with 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate and their application for nonviral gene delivery. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01652a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Statistical and block glycopolymers presenting d-mannose were prepared by aqueous RAFT polymerization, and the effect of the microstructure on gene delivery was examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Obata
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering
- University of Yamanashi
- Kofu 400-8510
- Japan
| | - Tomoya Kobori
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering
- University of Yamanashi
- Kofu 400-8510
- Japan
| | - Shiho Hirohara
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Ube National College of Technology
- Ube 755-8555
- Japan
| | - Masao Tanihara
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology
- Nara 630-0192
- Japan
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Yilmaz G, Becer CR. Glycopolymer code based on well-defined glycopolymers or glyconanomaterials and their biomolecular recognition. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2014; 2:39. [PMID: 25353022 PMCID: PMC4196633 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2014.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in the glycopolymer technology have allowed the preparation of more complex and well-defined glycopolymers/particles with several architectures from linear to globular structures (such as micelles, dendrimers, and nanogels). In the last decade, functionalized self-assembled/decided nano-objects and scaffolds containing glycopolymers were designed to develop many biological and biomedical applications in diseases treatments such as pathogen detection, inhibitors of toxins, and lectin-based biosensors. These studies will facilitate the understanding and investigation of the sugar code on the carbohydrate-lectin interactions, which are significantly influenced by the glycopolymer architecture, valency, size, and density of binding elements. In this context, these advanced and selected glycopolymers/particles showing specific interactions with various lectins are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Department of Basic Sciences, Turkish Military Academy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - C. Remzi Becer
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Adokoh CK, Quan S, Hitt M, Darkwa J, Kumar P, Narain R. Synthesis and Evaluation of Glycopolymeric Decorated Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized with Gold-Triphenyl Phosphine as Anti-Cancer Agents. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:3802-10. [DOI: 10.1021/bm5010977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian K. Adokoh
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | | | | | - James Darkwa
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
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25
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Callari M, Aldrich-Wright JR, de Souza PL, Stenzel MH. Polymers with platinum drugs and other macromolecular metal complexes for cancer treatment. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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26
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Rashid A, Ananthnag GS, Naik S, Mague JT, Panda D, Balakrishna MS. Dinuclear Cu(I) complexes of pyridyl-diazadiphosphetidines and aminobis(phosphonite) ligands: synthesis, structural studies and antiproliferative activity towards human cervical, colon carcinoma and breast cancer cells. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:11339-51. [PMID: 24922341 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00832d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The copper(i) complexes containing phosphorus donor ligands such as diazadiphosphetidine, cis-{(o-OCH2C5H4N)P(μ-N(t)Bu)}2 (1) and aminobis(phosphonite), C6H5N{P(OC6H3(OMe-o)(C3H5-p))2}2 (2, PNP), have been synthesized. Treatment of 1 with copper iodide afforded the 1D coordination polymer [{Cu(μ-I)}2{(o-OCH2C5H4N)P(μ-N(t)Bu)}2]n (3). Treatment of 3 with 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) produced mixed-ligand complexes [(L)2Cu2{(o-OCH2C5H4N)P(μ-N(t)Bu)}2][I]2 (4 L = bpy; 5 L = phen) in good yields. The reaction of 2 with copper iodide yielded a rare tetranuclear copper complex [(CuI)2C6H5N(PR2)2]2 (6), which on subsequent treatment with various pyridyl ligands produced binuclear complexes [{Cu(μ-I)(py)}2(μ-PNP)] (7), [Cu2(μ-I)(bpy)2(μ-PNP)]I (8), [Cu2(μ-I)I(bpy)(μ-PNP)] (9), [Cu2(phen)(bpy)(μ-PNP)](OTf)2 (10), [Cu2(μ-I)I(phen)(μ-PNP)] (11) and [Cu2(μ-I)(phen)2(μ-PNP)]I (12), in an almost quantitative yield. The new copper(i) complexes (4, 5 and 7-12) were tested for anti-cancer activity against three human tumor cell lines. Compounds 5, 10 and 12 showed in vitro antitumor activity 5-7 fold higher than cisplatin, the most used anticancer drug. These three most potent compounds (5, 10 and 12) were chosen for detailed study to understand their mechanism of action. The copper(i) compounds studied in the present investigation were found to inhibit tumor cell growth by arresting cells at the S-phase of the cell cycle. The characteristic nuclear morphology of treated cells showed signs of DNA damage. The experimental evidence clearly indicated that these compounds initiated apoptosis, which is mediated through the p53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijaz Rashid
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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27
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Sunasee R, Adokoh CK, Darkwa J, Narain R. Therapeutic potential of carbohydrate-based polymeric and nanoparticle systems. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:867-84. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.902048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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28
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Keter F, Guzei IA, Nell M, Zyl WV, Darkwa J. Phosphinogold(I) dithiocarbamate complexes: effect of the nature of phosphine ligand on anticancer properties. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:2058-67. [PMID: 24476103 PMCID: PMC3993921 DOI: 10.1021/ic4025926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of potassium salts of the dithiocarbamates L {where L = pyrazolyldithiocarbamate (L1), 3,5-dimethylpyrazolyldithiocarbamate (L2), or indazolyldithiocarbamate (L3)} with the gold precursors [AuCl(PPh3)], [Au2Cl2(dppe)], [Au2Cl2(dppp)], or [Au2Cl2(dpph)] lead to the new gold(I) complexes [AuL(PPh3)] (1-3), [Au2L2(dppe)] (4-6), [(Au2L2)(dppp)] (7-9), and [Au2(L)2(dpph)] (10-12) {where dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, dppp = 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane, and dpph = 1,6-bis(diphenylphosphino)hexane}. These gold compounds were characterized by a combination of NMR and infrared spectroscopy, microanalysis, and mass spectrometry; and in selected cases by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Compounds 4-6, which have dppe ligands, are unstable in solution for prolonged periods, with 4 readily transforming to the Au18 cluster [Au18S8(dppe)6]Cl2 (4a) in dichloromethane. Compounds 1-3 and 7-12 are all active against human cervical epithelioid carcinoma (HeLa) cells, but the most active compounds are 10 and 11, with IC50 values of 0.51 μM and 0.14 μM, respectively. Compounds 10 and 11 are more selective toward HeLa cells than they are toward normal cells, with selectivities of 25.0 and 70.5, respectively. Further tests, utilizing the 60-cell-line Developmental Therapeutics Program at the National Cancer Institute (U.S.A.), showed 10 and 11 to be active against nine other types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frankline
K. Keter
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland
Park 2006, South Africa
- Advanced
Materials Division, Mintek, Private Bag X3015, Randburg 2125, South Africa
| | - Ilia A. Guzei
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland
Park 2006, South Africa
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Margo Nell
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Werner
E. van Zyl
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland
Park 2006, South Africa
| | - James Darkwa
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland
Park 2006, South Africa
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Ahmed M, Wattanaarsakit P, Narain R. Recent advances in the preparation of glycopolymer bioconjugates. Eur Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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30
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Synthetic Glycopolymers: Some Recent Developments. HIERARCHICAL MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES: 60 YEARS AFTER THE STAUDINGER NOBEL PRIZE II 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2013_254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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