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Pifferi C, Ruiz-de-Angulo A, Goyard D, Tiertant C, Sacristán N, Barriales D, Berthet N, Anguita J, Renaudet O, Fernández-Tejada A. Chemical synthesis and immunological evaluation of new generation multivalent anticancer vaccines based on a Tn antigen analogue. Chem Sci 2020; 11:4488-4498. [PMID: 34122907 PMCID: PMC8159477 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00544d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), such as the Tn antigen, have emerged as key targets for the development of synthetic anticancer vaccines. However, the induction of potent and functional immune responses has been challenging and, in most cases, unsuccessful. Herein, we report the design, synthesis and immunological evaluation in mice of Tn-based vaccine candidates with multivalent presentation of the Tn antigen (up to 16 copies), both in its native serine-linked display (Tn-Ser) and as an oxime-linked Tn analogue (Tn-oxime). The high valent vaccine prototypes were synthesized through a late-stage convergent assembly (Tn-Ser construct) and a versatile divergent strategy (Tn-oxime analogue), using chemoselective click-type chemistry. The hexadecavalent Tn-oxime construct induced robust, Tn-specific humoral and CD4+/CD8+ cellular responses, with antibodies able to bind the Tn antigen on the MCF7 cancer cell surface. The superior synthetic accessibility and immunological properties of this fully-synthetic vaccine prototype makes it a compelling candidate for further advancement towards safe and effective synthetic anticancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Pifferi
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, UMR 5250, CNRS 38000 Grenoble France .,Chemical Immunology Lab, CIC bioGUNE Biscay Science and Technology Park, Building 801A 48160 Derio Spain
| | - Ane Ruiz-de-Angulo
- Chemical Immunology Lab, CIC bioGUNE Biscay Science and Technology Park, Building 801A 48160 Derio Spain
| | - David Goyard
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, UMR 5250, CNRS 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Claire Tiertant
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, UMR 5250, CNRS 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Nagore Sacristán
- Chemical Immunology Lab, CIC bioGUNE Biscay Science and Technology Park, Building 801A 48160 Derio Spain
| | - Diego Barriales
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity Lab, CIC bioGUNE Biscay Science and Technology Park, Building 801A 48160 Derio Spain
| | - Nathalie Berthet
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, UMR 5250, CNRS 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Juan Anguita
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity Lab, CIC bioGUNE Biscay Science and Technology Park, Building 801A 48160 Derio Spain .,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science Maria Diaz de Haro 13 48009 Bilbao Spain
| | - Olivier Renaudet
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, UMR 5250, CNRS 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Alberto Fernández-Tejada
- Chemical Immunology Lab, CIC bioGUNE Biscay Science and Technology Park, Building 801A 48160 Derio Spain .,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science Maria Diaz de Haro 13 48009 Bilbao Spain
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Di Mauro PP, Cascante A, Brugada Vilà P, Gómez-Vallejo V, Llop J, Borrós S. Peptide-functionalized and high drug loaded novel nanoparticles as dual-targeting drug delivery system for modulated and controlled release of paclitaxel to brain glioma. Int J Pharm 2018; 553:169-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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3
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Kakwere H, Ingham ES, Allen R, Mahakian LM, Tam SM, Zhang H, Silvestrini MT, Lewis JS, Ferrara KW. Toward Personalized Peptide-Based Cancer Nanovaccines: A Facile and Versatile Synthetic Approach. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:2756-2771. [PMID: 28956907 PMCID: PMC5687982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Personalized cancer vaccines (PCVs) are receiving attention as an avenue for cancer immunotherapy. PCVs employ immunogenic peptide epitopes capable of stimulating the immune system to destroy cancer cells with great specificity. Challenges associated with effective delivery of these peptides include poor solubility of hydrophobic sequences, rapid clearance, and poor immunogenicity, among others. The incorporation of peptides into nanoparticles has the potential to overcome these challenges, but the broad range of functionalities found in amino acids presents a challenge to conjugation due to possible interferences and lack of reaction specificity. Herein, a facile and versatile approach to generating nanosized PCVs under mild nonstringent conditions is reported. Following a simple two-step semibatch synthetic approach, amphiphilic hyperbranched polymer-peptide conjugates were prepared by the conjugation of melanoma antigen peptides, either TRP2 (hydrophobic) or MUT30 (hydrophilic), to an alkyne functionalized core via strain-promoted azide-alkyne click chemistry. Self-assembly of the amphiphiles gave spherical nanovaccines (by transmission electron microscopy) with sizes in the range of 10-30 nm (by dynamic light scattering). Fluorescently labeled nanovaccines were prepared to investigate the cellular uptake by antigen presenting cells (dendritic cells), and uptake was confirmed by flow cytometry and microscopy. The TRP2 nanovaccine was taken up the most followed by MUT30 nanoparticles and, finally, nanoparticles without peptide. The nanovaccines showed good biocompatibility against B16-F10 cells, yet the TRP2 peptide showed signs of toxicity, possibly due to its hydrophobicity. A test for immunogenicity revealed that the nanovaccines were poorly immunogenic, implying the need for an adjuvant when administered in vivo. Treatment of mice with melanoma tumors showed that in combination with adjuvant, CpG, groups with the peptide nanovaccines slowed tumor growth and improved survival (up to 24 days, TRP2) compared to the untreated group (14 days).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamilton Kakwere
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Elizabeth S. Ingham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Riley Allen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Lisa M. Mahakian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Sarah M. Tam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Matthew T. Silvestrini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jamal S. Lewis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Katherine W. Ferrara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Taguchi A, Kobayashi K, Kotani A, Muguruma K, Kobayashi M, Fukumoto K, Takayama K, Hakamata H, Hayashi Y. 3-Nitro-2-pyridinesulfenates as Efficient Solution- and Solid-Phase Disulfide Bond Forming Agents. Chemistry 2017; 23:8262-8267. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Taguchi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; School of Pharmacy; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Kobayashi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; School of Pharmacy; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Akira Kotani
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; School of Pharmacy; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; Japan
| | - Kyohei Muguruma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; School of Pharmacy; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Misaki Kobayashi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; School of Pharmacy; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Kentarou Fukumoto
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; School of Pharmacy; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
- Kokusan Chemical Co., Ltd.; 3-1-3 Nihonbashihoncho, Chuo-ku Tokyo 103-0023 Japan
| | - Kentaro Takayama
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; School of Pharmacy; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Hideki Hakamata
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; School of Pharmacy; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; Japan
| | - Yoshio Hayashi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; School of Pharmacy; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
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5
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Rentier C, Fukumoto K, Taguchi A, Hayashi Y. The 3-nitro-2-pyridinesulfenyl group: synthesis and applications to peptide chemistry. J Pept Sci 2017; 23:496-504. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Rentier
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; 1432-1 Horinouchi Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Kentarou Fukumoto
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; 1432-1 Horinouchi Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Akihiro Taguchi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; 1432-1 Horinouchi Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Yoshio Hayashi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; 1432-1 Horinouchi Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
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de la Torre BG, Hornillos V, Luque-Ortega JR, Abengózar MA, Amat-Guerri F, Acuña AU, Rivas L, Andreu D. A BODIPY-embedding miltefosine analog linked to cell-penetrating Tat(48-60) peptide favors intracellular delivery and visualization of the antiparasitic drug. Amino Acids 2014; 46:1047-58. [PMID: 24445871 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1661-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic application of many drugs is often hampered by poor or denied access to intracellular targets. A case in point is miltefosine (MT), an orally active antiparasitic drug, which becomes ineffective when parasites develop dysfunctional uptake systems. We report here the synthesis of a fluorescent BODIPY-embedding MT analogue with appropriate thiol functionalization allowing linkage to the cell-penetrating Tat(48-60) peptide through disulfide or thioether linkages. The resulting constructs are efficiently internalized into the otherwise MT-invulnerable R40 Leishmania strain, resulting in fast parasite killing, and hence successful avoidance of the resistance. In the disulfide-linked conjugate, an additional fluoro tag on the Tat moiety allows to monitor its reductive cleavage within the cytoplasm. Terminally differentiated cells such as peritoneal macrophages, impervious to MT unless infected by Leishmania, can uptake the drug in its Tat-conjugated form. The results afford proof-of-principle for using CPP vectors to avert drug resistance in parasites, and/or for tackling leishmaniasis by modulating macrophage uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz G de la Torre
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Góngora-Benítez M, Tulla-Puche J, Albericio F. Multifaceted Roles of Disulfide Bonds. Peptides as Therapeutics. Chem Rev 2013; 114:901-26. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400031z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Góngora-Benítez
- Institute
for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona, 08028 Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Barcelona Science
Park, Barcelona, 08028 Spain
| | - Judit Tulla-Puche
- Institute
for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona, 08028 Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Barcelona Science
Park, Barcelona, 08028 Spain
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Institute
for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona, 08028 Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Barcelona Science
Park, Barcelona, 08028 Spain
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028 Spain
- School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 4001 Durban, South Africa
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8
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High-resolution multi-dimensional NMR spectroscopy of proteins in human cells. Nature 2009; 458:106-9. [PMID: 19262675 DOI: 10.1038/nature07839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Accepted: 01/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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9
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Tugyi R, Mezõ G, Gitta S, Fellinger E, Andreu D, Hudecz F. Effect of Conjugation with Polypeptide Carrier on the Enzymatic Degradation of Herpes Simplex Virus Glycoprotein D Derived Epitope Peptide. Bioconjug Chem 2008; 19:1652-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bc700469r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Regina Tugyi
- Chemical Research Center, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Hungary, Department of General Zoology and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gábor Mezõ
- Chemical Research Center, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Hungary, Department of General Zoology and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Schlosser Gitta
- Chemical Research Center, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Hungary, Department of General Zoology and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Erzsébet Fellinger
- Chemical Research Center, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Hungary, Department of General Zoology and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Andreu
- Chemical Research Center, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Hungary, Department of General Zoology and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferenc Hudecz
- Chemical Research Center, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Hungary, Department of General Zoology and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Hodoniczky J, Sims CG, Best WM, Bentel JM, Wilce JA. The intracellular and nuclear-targeted delivery of an antiandrogen drug by carrier peptides. Biopolymers 2008; 90:595-603. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.20986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Krikorian D, Stavrakoudis A, Biris N, Sakarellos C, Andreu D, de Oliveira E, Mezö G, Majer Z, Hudecz F, Welling-Wester S, Cung MT, Tsikaris V. Influence of sequential oligopeptide carriers on the bioactive structure of conjugated epitopes: Comparative study of the conformation of aHerpes simplex virus glycoprotein gD-1 epitope in the free and conjugated form, and protein “built-in” crystal structure. Biopolymers 2006; 84:383-99. [PMID: 16493659 DOI: 10.1002/bip.20486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic carriers play an important role in immunogen presentation, due to their ability of inducing improved and specific responses to conjugated epitopes. Their influence on the bioactive conformation of the epitope, though admittedly crucial for relevant in vitro and in vivo applications, is difficult to evaluate, given the usual lack of information on the complex conformational features determined by the nature of the carrier and the mode of ligation. Using the Herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D-1 epitope (Leu(9)-Lys-Nle-Ala-Asp-Pro-Asn-Arg-Phe-Arg-Gly-Lys-Asp-Leu(22)) as a model, we have performed a detailed conformational analysis on the free epitope peptide in solution and on three constructs in which the epitope was conjugated to sequential oligopeptide carriers {Ac-[Lys-Aib-Gly](4)-OH (SOC(4))} (through either a thioether or an amide bond; Ac: acetyl) and polytuftsin oligomers {H-[Thr-Lys-Pro-Lys-Gly](4)-NH(2) (T20)}, (through a thioether bond). The analysis of the epitope conformation in the parent protein, in carrier-conjugated and free form, suggests that the beta-turn structure of the -Asp(13)-Pro-Asn-Arg(16)- segment is highly conserved and independent of the epitope form. However, small conformational variations were observed at the C-terminal part of the epitope, depending on the nature of the carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Krikorian
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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12
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Manea M, Mezö G, Hudecz F, Przybylski M. Polypeptide conjugates comprising a β-amyloid plaque-specific epitope as new vaccine structures against Alzheimer's disease. Biopolymers 2004; 76:503-11. [PMID: 15499564 DOI: 10.1002/bip.20160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapeutic approaches designed to induce a humoral immune response have recently been developed for possible vaccination to the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Based on the identification of Abeta(4-10) (FRHDSGY) as the predominant B-cell epitope recognized by therapeutically active antisera from transgenic AD mice, branched polypeptide conjugates with this epitope peptide were synthesized and characterized. In order to produce immunogenic constructs, the Abeta(4-10) epitope alone or together with a promiscuous T-helper cell epitope peptide (FFLLTRILTIPQSLD) were attached via thioether linkage to different branched chain polymeric polypeptides with Ser or Glu in the side chains. A single peptide containing both an Abeta(4-10) and T-helper cell epitope, joined by a dipeptide Cys-Acp spacer, was also attached through the thiol function to chloroacetylated poly[Lys(Seri-DL-Alax)] (SAK). Comparative binding studies of the conjugates with a monoclonal antibody against the beta-amyloid(1-17) peptide in mice were performed by direct ELISA. The conformational preferences of carriers and conjugates in water and in a 9:1 trifluoroethanol:water mixture (v/v) was analyzed by CD spectroscopy. Experimental data showed that the chemical nature of the carrier macromolecule, and the attachment site of the epitope to the carrier, have significant effects on antibody recognition, but have no marked influence on the solution conformation of the conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Manea
- University of Konstanz, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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Kragol G, Otvos L, Feng J, Gerhard W, Wade JD. Synthesis of a disulfide-linked octameric peptide construct carrying three different antigenic determinants. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:1417-20. [PMID: 11378367 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00252-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to develop peptide vaccines against the influenza virus, we have successfully synthesized a disulfide-linked octameric homodimer that bears four copies of the influenza virus M2 protein ectodomain as well as two copies each of T-helper cell hemagglutinin epitopes, the I-E(d) restricted S1 and the I-A(d) restricted S2 fragments. Peptide attachment was via intermolecular disulfide formation from free sulfhydryl-bearing cysteine derivatives in solution. This reaction was efficient only when the amino-group of the cysteine was Fmoc-protected.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kragol
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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14
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Hudecz F. Manipulation of epitope function by modification of peptide structure: a minireview. Biologicals 2001; 29:197-207. [PMID: 11851316 DOI: 10.1006/biol.2001.0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We have explored various approaches to modify the immunrecognition of linear peptides representing sequential or continuous topographic B-cell or T-cell epitopes. For these studies, epitopes from herpes simplex virus (HSV) glycoprotein D (gD) and from mucin 1 and mucin 2 glycoproteins or T-cell epitopes from 16 kDa and 38 kDa proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were selected. To increase antigenicity and immunogenicity we have prepared cyclic and chimaeric peptide variants as well as epitope peptides with altered flanking regions and epitope-carrier conjugates containing multiple epitope copies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hudecz
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Science, Eötvös L. University, Budapest 112, Hungary, H-1518.
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