1
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Carriles AA, Mills A, Muñoz-Alonso MJ, Gutiérrez D, Domínguez JM, Hermoso JA, Gago F. Structural Cues for Understanding eEF1A2 Moonlighting. Chembiochem 2020; 22:374-391. [PMID: 32875694 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous mutations in the EEF1A2 gene cause epilepsy and severe neurological disabilities in children. The crystal structure of eEF1A2 protein purified from rabbit skeletal muscle reveals a post-translationally modified dimer that provides information about the sites of interaction with numerous binding partners, including itself, and maps these mutations onto the dimer and tetramer interfaces. The spatial locations of the side chain carboxylates of Glu301 and Glu374, to which phosphatidylethanolamine is uniquely attached via an amide bond, define the anchoring points of eEF1A2 to cellular membranes and interorganellar membrane contact sites. Additional bioinformatic and molecular modeling results provide novel structural insight into the demonstrated binding of eEF1A2 to SH3 domains, the common MAPK docking groove, filamentous actin, and phosphatidylinositol-4 kinase IIIβ. In this new light, the role of eEF1A2 as an ancient, multifaceted, and articulated G protein at the crossroads of autophagy, oncogenesis and viral replication appears very distant from the "canonical" one of delivering aminoacyl-tRNAs to the ribosome that has dominated the scene and much of the thinking for many decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra A Carriles
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical-Chemistry "Rocasolano" CSIC, 28006, Madrid, Spain.,Biocrystallography Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mills
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and "Unidad Asociada IQM-CSIC", School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-José Muñoz-Alonso
- Department of Cell Biology and Pharmacogenomics, PharmaMar S.A.U., 28770, Colmenar Viejo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Gutiérrez
- Proteomics Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M Domínguez
- Department of Cell Biology and Pharmacogenomics, PharmaMar S.A.U., 28770, Colmenar Viejo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A Hermoso
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical-Chemistry "Rocasolano" CSIC, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Gago
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and "Unidad Asociada IQM-CSIC", School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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2
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Johansen JS, Kavaliauskas D, Pfeil SH, Blaise M, Cooperman BS, Goldman YE, Thirup SS, Knudsen CR. E. coli elongation factor Tu bound to a GTP analogue displays an open conformation equivalent to the GDP-bound form. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:8641-8650. [PMID: 30107565 PMCID: PMC6144822 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the traditional view, GTPases act as molecular switches, which cycle between distinct ‘on’ and ‘off’ conformations bound to GTP and GDP, respectively. Translation elongation factor EF-Tu is a GTPase essential for prokaryotic protein synthesis. In its GTP-bound form, EF-Tu delivers aminoacylated tRNAs to the ribosome as a ternary complex. GTP hydrolysis is thought to cause the release of EF-Tu from aminoacyl-tRNA and the ribosome due to a dramatic conformational change following Pi release. Here, the crystal structure of Escherichia coli EF-Tu in complex with a non-hydrolysable GTP analogue (GDPNP) has been determined. Remarkably, the overall conformation of EF-Tu·GDPNP displays the classical, open GDP-bound conformation. This is in accordance with an emerging view that the identity of the bound guanine nucleotide is not ‘locking’ the GTPase in a fixed conformation. Using a single-molecule approach, the conformational dynamics of various ligand-bound forms of EF-Tu were probed in solution by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The results suggest that EF-Tu, free in solution, may sample a wider set of conformations than the structurally well-defined GTP- and GDP-forms known from previous X-ray crystallographic studies. Only upon binding, as a ternary complex, to the mRNA-programmed ribosome, is the well-known, closed GTP-bound conformation, observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper S Johansen
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, University of Aarhus, Gustav Wieds Vej 10 C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Darius Kavaliauskas
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, University of Aarhus, Gustav Wieds Vej 10 C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Shawn H Pfeil
- Department of Physics, West Chester University, West Chester, PA 19383, USA
| | - Mickaël Blaise
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, University of Aarhus, Gustav Wieds Vej 10 C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Barry S Cooperman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yale E Goldman
- Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Søren S Thirup
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, University of Aarhus, Gustav Wieds Vej 10 C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Charlotte R Knudsen
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, University of Aarhus, Gustav Wieds Vej 10 C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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3
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Balasco N, Smaldone G, Ruggiero A, De Simone A, Vitagliano L. Local structural motifs in proteins: Detection and characterization of fragments inserted in helices. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:1924-1930. [PMID: 30017977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The global/local fold of protein structures is stabilized by a variety of specific interactions. A primary role in this context is played by hydrogen bonds. In order to identify novel motifs in proteins, we searched Protein Data Bank structures looking for backbone H-bonds formed by NH groups of two (or more) consecutive residues with consecutive CO groups of distant residues in the sequence. The present analysis unravels the occurrence of recurrent structural motifs that, to the best of our knowledge, had not been characterized in literature. Indeed, these H-bonding patterns are found (i) in a specific parallel β-sheet capping, (ii) in linking of β-hairpins to α-helices, and (iii) in α-helix insertions. Interestingly, structural analyses of these motifs indicate that Gly residues frequently occupy prominent positions. The formation of these motifs is likely favored by the limited propensity of Gly to be embodied in helices/sheets. Of particular interest is the motif corresponding to insertions in helices that was detected in 1% of analyzed structures. Inserted fragments may assume different structures and aminoacid compositions and usually display diversified evolutionary conservation. Since inserted regions are physically separated from the rest of the protein structure, they represent hot spots for ad-hoc protein functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Balasco
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, C.N.R., Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Alessia Ruggiero
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, C.N.R., Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso De Simone
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Luigi Vitagliano
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, C.N.R., Naples, Italy.
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4
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Jank T, Belyi Y, Wirth C, Rospert S, Hu Z, Dengjel J, Tzivelekidis T, Andersen GR, Hunte C, Schlosser A, Aktories K. Protein glutaminylation is a yeast-specific posttranslational modification of elongation factor 1A. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:16014-16023. [PMID: 28801462 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.801035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal translation factors are fundamental for protein synthesis and highly conserved in all kingdoms of life. The essential eukaryotic elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) delivers aminoacyl tRNAs to the A-site of the translating 80S ribosome. Several studies have revealed that eEF1A is posttranslationally modified. Using MS analysis, site-directed mutagenesis, and X-ray structural data analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae eEF1A, we identified a posttranslational modification in which the α amino group of mono-l-glutamine is covalently linked to the side chain of glutamate 45 in eEF1A. The MS analysis suggested that all eEF1A molecules are modified by this glutaminylation and that this posttranslational modification occurs at all stages of yeast growth. The mutational studies revealed that this glutaminylation is not essential for the normal functions of eEF1A in S. cerevisiae However, eEF1A glutaminylation slightly reduced growth under antibiotic-induced translational stress conditions. Moreover, we identified the same posttranslational modification in eEF1A from Schizosaccharomyces pombe but not in various other eukaryotic organisms tested despite strict conservation of the Glu45 residue among these organisms. We therefore conclude that eEF1A glutaminylation is a yeast-specific posttranslational modification that appears to influence protein translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jank
- From the Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany,
| | - Yury Belyi
- the Gamaleya Research Centre, Moscow 123098, Russia.,the Bioclinicum, Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Christophe Wirth
- the Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Rospert
- the Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.,the BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Zehan Hu
- the Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.,the Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.,the Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- the Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.,the Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.,the Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Tina Tzivelekidis
- From the Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gregers Rom Andersen
- the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Center for Structural Biology, Aarhus University, DK8000 Aarhus, Denmark, and
| | - Carola Hunte
- the Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.,the BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlosser
- the Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Aktories
- From the Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany, .,the BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.,the Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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5
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Katava M, Kalimeri M, Stirnemann G, Sterpone F. Stability and Function at High Temperature. What Makes a Thermophilic GTPase Different from Its Mesophilic Homologue. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:2721-30. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Katava
- CNRS (UPR9080),
Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Université de Paris
Sorbonne Cité et Paris Science et Lettres, Univ. Paris Diderot,
Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Maria Kalimeri
- Department
of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Guillaume Stirnemann
- CNRS (UPR9080),
Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Université de Paris
Sorbonne Cité et Paris Science et Lettres, Univ. Paris Diderot,
Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Fabio Sterpone
- CNRS (UPR9080),
Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Université de Paris
Sorbonne Cité et Paris Science et Lettres, Univ. Paris Diderot,
Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005, Paris, France
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6
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Kalimeri M, Derreumaux P, Sterpone F. Are coarse-grained models apt to detect protein thermal stability? The case of OPEP force field. JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS 2015; 407:494-501. [PMID: 28100926 PMCID: PMC5238951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We present the first investigation of the kinetic and thermodynamic stability of two homologous thermophilic and mesophilic proteins based on the coarse-grained model OPEP. The object of our investigation is a pair of G-domains of relatively large size, 200 amino acids each, with an experimental stability gap of about 40 K. The OPEP force field is able to maintain stable the fold of these relatively large proteins within the hundrend-nanosecond time scale without including external constraints. This makes possible to characterize the conformational landscape of the folded protein as well as to explore the unfolding. In agreement with all-atom simulations used as a reference, we show that the conformational landscape of the thermophilic protein is characterized by a larger number of substates with slower dynamics on the network of states and more resilient to temperature increase. Moreover, we verify the stability gap between the two proteins using replica-exchange simulations and estimate a difference between the melting temperatures of about 23 K, in fair agreement with experiment. The detailed investigation of the unfolding thermodynamics, allows to gain insight into the mechanism underlying the enhanced stability of the thermophile relating it to a smaller heat capacity of unfolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kalimeri
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, IBPC, CNRS, UPR9080, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Philippe Derreumaux
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, IBPC, CNRS, UPR9080, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 103 Boulevard Saint-Michel, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Fabio Sterpone
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, IBPC, CNRS, UPR9080, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
- Corresponding author.
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7
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Crepin T, Shalak VF, Yaremchuk AD, Vlasenko DO, McCarthy A, Negrutskii BS, Tukalo MA, El'skaya AV. Mammalian translation elongation factor eEF1A2: X-ray structure and new features of GDP/GTP exchange mechanism in higher eukaryotes. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:12939-48. [PMID: 25326326 PMCID: PMC4227793 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic elongation factor eEF1A transits between the GTP- and GDP-bound conformations during the ribosomal polypeptide chain elongation. eEF1A*GTP establishes a complex with the aminoacyl-tRNA in the A site of the 80S ribosome. Correct codon–anticodon recognition triggers GTP hydrolysis, with subsequent dissociation of eEF1A*GDP from the ribosome. The structures of both the ‘GTP’- and ‘GDP’-bound conformations of eEF1A are unknown. Thus, the eEF1A-related ribosomal mechanisms were anticipated only by analogy with the bacterial homolog EF-Tu. Here, we report the first crystal structure of the mammalian eEF1A2*GDP complex which indicates major differences in the organization of the nucleotide-binding domain and intramolecular movements of eEF1A compared to EF-Tu. Our results explain the nucleotide exchange mechanism in the mammalian eEF1A and suggest that the first step of eEF1A*GDP dissociation from the 80S ribosome is the rotation of the nucleotide-binding domain observed after GTP hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Crepin
- University of Grenoble Alpes, UVHCI, F-38000 Grenoble, France CNRS, UVHCI, F-38000 Grenoble, France Unit for Virus Host-Cell Interactions, University of Grenoble Alpes-EMBL-CNRS, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 France
| | - Vyacheslav F Shalak
- State Key laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 150 Zabolotnogo str., Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - Anna D Yaremchuk
- State Key laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 150 Zabolotnogo str., Kiev 03680, Ukraine European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Grenoble Outstation, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 France
| | - Dmytro O Vlasenko
- State Key laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 150 Zabolotnogo str., Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - Andrew McCarthy
- Unit for Virus Host-Cell Interactions, University of Grenoble Alpes-EMBL-CNRS, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 France European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Grenoble Outstation, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 France
| | - Boris S Negrutskii
- State Key laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 150 Zabolotnogo str., Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - Michail A Tukalo
- State Key laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 150 Zabolotnogo str., Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - Anna V El'skaya
- State Key laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 150 Zabolotnogo str., Kiev 03680, Ukraine
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8
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Rahaman O, Kalimeri M, Melchionna S, Hénin J, Sterpone F. Role of Internal Water on Protein Thermal Stability: The Case of Homologous G Domains. J Phys Chem B 2014; 119:8939-49. [PMID: 25317828 DOI: 10.1021/jp507571u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we address the question of whether the enhanced stability of thermophilic proteins has a direct connection with internal hydration. Our model systems are two homologous G domains of different stability: the mesophilic G domain of the elongation factor thermal unstable protein from E. coli and the hyperthermophilic G domain of the EF-1α protein from S. solfataricus. Using molecular dynamics simulation at the microsecond time scale, we show that both proteins host water molecules in internal cavities and that these molecules exchange with the external solution in the nanosecond time scale. The hydration free energy of these sites evaluated via extensive calculations is found to be favorable for both systems, with the hyperthermophilic protein offering a slightly more favorable environment to host water molecules. We estimate that, under ambient conditions, the free energy gain due to internal hydration is about 1.3 kcal/mol in favor of the hyperthermophilic variant. However, we also find that, at the high working temperature of the hyperthermophile, the cavities are rather dehydrated, meaning that under extreme conditions other molecular factors secure the stability of the protein. Interestingly, we detect a clear correlation between the hydration of internal cavities and the protein conformational landscape. The emerging picture is that internal hydration is an effective observable to probe the conformational landscape of proteins. In the specific context of our investigation, the analysis confirms that the hyperthermophilic G domain is characterized by multiple states and it has a more flexible structure than its mesophilic homologue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obaidur Rahaman
- †Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, IBPC, CNRS, UPR9080, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Maria Kalimeri
- †Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, IBPC, CNRS, UPR9080, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Simone Melchionna
- ‡CNR-IPCF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Physics Dept., Univ. La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 2, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Jérôme Hénin
- †Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, IBPC, CNRS, UPR9080, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Fabio Sterpone
- †Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, IBPC, CNRS, UPR9080, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005, Paris, France
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9
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Kalimeri M, Rahaman O, Melchionna S, Sterpone F. How conformational flexibility stabilizes the hyperthermophilic elongation factor G-domain. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:13775-85. [PMID: 24087838 DOI: 10.1021/jp407078z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Proteins from thermophilic organisms are stable and functional well above ambient temperature. Understanding the molecular mechanism underlying such a resistance is of crucial interest for many technological applications. For some time, thermal stability has been assumed to correlate with high mechanical rigidity of the protein matrix. In this work we address this common belief by carefully studying a pair of homologous G-domain proteins, with their melting temperatures differing by 40 K. To probe the thermal-stability content of the two proteins we use extensive simulations covering the microsecond time range and employ several different indicators to assess the salient features of the conformational landscape and the role of internal fluctuations at ambient condition. At the atomistic level, while the magnitude of fluctuations is comparable, the distribution of flexible and rigid stretches of amino-acids is more regular in the thermophilic protein causing a cage-like correlation of amplitudes along the sequence. This caging effect is suggested to favor stability at high T by confining the mechanical excitations. Moreover, it is found that the thermophilic protein, when folded, visits a higher number of conformational substates than the mesophilic homologue. The entropy associated with the occupation of the different substates and the thermal resilience of the protein intrinsic compressibility provide a qualitative insight on the thermal stability of the thermophilic protein as compared to its mesophilic homologue. Our findings potentially open the route to new strategies in the design of thermostable proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kalimeri
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, IBPC, CNRS, UPR9080, Université Paris Diderot , Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
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10
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Trillo-Muyo S, Jasilionis A, Domagalski MJ, Chruszcz M, Minor W, Kuisiene N, Arolas JL, Solà M, Gomis-Rüth FX. Ultratight crystal packing of a 10 kDa protein. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA. SECTION D, BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2013; 69:464-70. [PMID: 23519421 PMCID: PMC4048058 DOI: 10.1107/s0907444912050135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
While small organic molecules generally crystallize forming tightly packed lattices with little solvent content, proteins form air-sensitive high-solvent-content crystals. Here, the crystallization and full structure analysis of a novel recombinant 10 kDa protein corresponding to the C-terminal domain of a putative U32 peptidase are reported. The orthorhombic crystal contained only 24.5% solvent and is therefore among the most tightly packed protein lattices ever reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Trillo-Muyo
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Spanish Research Council CSIC, Barcelona Science Park, c/Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrius Jasilionis
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio 21/27, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marcin J. Domagalski
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0736, USA
| | - Maksymilian Chruszcz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Wladek Minor
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0736, USA
| | - Nomeda Kuisiene
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio 21/27, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Joan L. Arolas
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Spanish Research Council CSIC, Barcelona Science Park, c/Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Solà
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Spanish Research Council CSIC, Barcelona Science Park, c/Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - F. Xavier Gomis-Rüth
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Spanish Research Council CSIC, Barcelona Science Park, c/Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Martucci NM, Lamberti A, Vitagliano L, Cantiello P, Ruggiero I, Arcari P, Masullo M. The magic spot ppGpp influences in vitro the molecular and functional properties of the elongation factor 1α from the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. Extremophiles 2012; 16:743-9. [PMID: 22772751 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-012-0470-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Guanosine tetra-phosphate (ppGpp), also known as "magic spot I", is a key molecule in the stringent control of most eubacteria and some eukarya. Here, we show that ppGpp affects the functional and molecular properties of the archaeal elongation factor 1α from Sulfolobus solfataricus (SsEF-1α). Indeed, ppGpp inhibited archaeal protein synthesis in vitro, even though the concentration required to get inhibition was higher than that required for the eubacterial and eukaryal systems. Regarding the partial reactions catalysed by SsEF-1α the effect produced by ppGpp on the affinity for aa-tRNA was lower than that measured in the presence of GTP but higher than that for GDP. Magic spot I was also able to bind SsEF-1α with an intermediate affinity in comparison to that displayed by GDP and GTP. Furthermore, ppGpp inhibited the intrinsic GTPase of SsEF-1α with a competitive behaviour. Finally, the binding of ppGpp to SsEF-1α rendered the elongation factor more resistant to heat treatment and the analysis of the molecular model of the complex between SsEF-1α and ppGpp suggests that this stabilisation arises from the charge optimisation on the surface of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola M Martucci
- Dipartimento di Studi delle Istituzioni e dei Sistemi Territoriali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, Via Medina 40, 80133 Naples, Italy
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12
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Lamberti A, Martucci NM, Ruggiero I, Arcari P, Masullo M. Interaction Between the Antibiotic Tetracycline and the Elongation Factor 1α from the Archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. Chem Biol Drug Des 2011; 78:260-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2011.01142.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Berisio R, Ruggiero A, Vitagliano L. Elongation Factors EFIA and EF-Tu: Their Role in Translation and Beyond. Isr J Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Structural models of human eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 reveal two distinct surface clusters of sequence variation and potential differences in phosphorylation. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6315. [PMID: 19636410 PMCID: PMC2712093 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite sharing 92% sequence identity, paralogous human translation elongation factor 1 alpha-1 (eEF1A1) and elongation factor 1 alpha-2 (eEF1A2) have different but overlapping functional profiles. This may reflect the differential requirements of the cell-types in which they are expressed and is consistent with complex roles for these proteins that extend beyond delivery of tRNA to the ribosome. Methodology/Principal Findings To investigate the structural basis of these functional differences, we created and validated comparative three-dimensional (3-D) models of eEF1A1 and eEF1A2 on the basis of the crystal structure of homologous eEF1A from yeast. The spatial location of amino acid residues that vary between the two proteins was thereby pinpointed, and their surface electrostatic and lipophilic properties were compared. None of the variations amongst buried amino acid residues are judged likely to have a major structural effect on the protein fold, or to affect domain-domain interactions. Nearly all the variant surface-exposed amino acid residues lie on one face of the protein, in two proximal but distinct sub-clusters. The result of previously performed mutagenesis in yeast may be interpreted as confirming the importance of one of these clusters in actin-bundling and filament disorganization. Interestingly, some variant residues lie in close proximity to, and in a few cases show differences in interactions with, residues previously inferred to be directly involved in binding GTP/GDP, eEF1Bα and aminoacyl-tRNA. Additional sequence-based predictions, in conjunction with the 3-D models, reveal likely differences in phosphorylation sites that could reconcile some of the functional differences between the two proteins. Conclusions The revelation and putative functional assignment of two distinct sub-clusters on the surface of the protein models should enable rational site-directed mutagenesis, including homologous reverse-substitution experiments, to map surface binding patches onto these proteins. The predicted variant-specific phosphorylation sites also provide a basis for experimental verification by mutagenesis. The models provide a structural framework for interpretation of the resulting functional analysis.
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Ruggiero I, Cantiello P, Lamberti A, Sorrentino A, Martucci NM, Ruggiero A, Arcone R, Vitagliano L, Arcari P, Masullo M. Biochemical characterisation of the D60A mutant of the elongation factor 1alpha from the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. Biochimie 2009; 91:835-42. [PMID: 19375481 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2009.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2009] [Accepted: 04/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The D60A mutant of the elongation factor (EF) 1alpha from Sulfolobus solfataricus (Ss), was obtained as heterologous expressed protein and characterised. This substitution was carried out in order to analyse the involvement of this evolutionally conserved amino acid position in the interaction between the elongation factor and guanosine nucleotides and in the coordination of magnesium ions. The expression system used produced a folded protein able to catalyse, although to a slightly lower extent with respect to the wild-type enzyme, protein synthesis in vitro and NaCl-dependent intrinsic GTPase activity. The affinity for guanosine nucleotides was almost identical to that exhibited by wild-type SsEF-1alpha; vice versa, the GDP exchange rate was one order of magnitude faster on the mutated elongation factor, a property partially restored when the exchange reaction was analysed in the presence of the magnesium ions chelating agent EDTA. Finally, the D60A substitution only a little affected the high thermal stability of the elongation factor. From a structural point of view, the analysis of the data reported confirmed that this conserved carboxyl group belongs to a protein region differentiating the GDP binding mode among elongation factors from different organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Ruggiero
- Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
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Granata V, Graziano G, Ruggiero A, Raimo G, Masullo M, Arcari P, Vitagliano L, Zagari A. Stability against temperature of Sulfolobus solfataricus elongation factor 1 alpha, a multi-domain protein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2008; 1784:573-81. [PMID: 18267133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2007.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2007] [Revised: 12/06/2007] [Accepted: 12/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The elongation factors (EF-Tu/EF-1 alpha) are universal proteins, involved in protein biosynthesis. A detailed characterization of the stability against temperature of SsEF-1 alpha, a three-domain protein isolated from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus is presented. Thermal denaturation of both the GDP-bound (SsEF-1 alpha*.GDP) and the ligand-free (nfSsEF-1 alpha) forms was investigated by means of circular dichroism and fluorescence measurements, over the 4.0-7.5 pH interval. Data indicate that the unfolding process is cooperative with no intermediate species and that the few inter-domain contacts identified in the crystal structure of SsEF-1 alpha play a role also at high temperatures. Finally, it is shown that the enzyme exhibits two different interchangeable thermally denatured states, depending on pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Granata
- Dip. delle Scienze Biologiche, Sez. di Biostrutture, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
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Pogribna AP, Negrutskii BS, Elskaya AV. Removal of part of the eEF1A GTP binding domain induced translation errors in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.7124/bc.00072f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Pogribna
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
| | - B. S. Negrutskii
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
| | - A. V. Elskaya
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
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