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Heid LF, Agerschou ED, Orr AA, Kupreichyk T, Schneider W, Wördehoff MM, Schwarten M, Willbold D, Tamamis P, Stoldt M, Hoyer W. Sequence-based identification of amyloidogenic β-hairpins reveals a prostatic acid phosphatase fragment promoting semen amyloid formation. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:417-430. [PMID: 38223341 PMCID: PMC10787225 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
β-Structure-rich amyloid fibrils are hallmarks of several diseases, including Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D). While amyloid fibrils typically consist of parallel β-sheets, the anti-parallel β-hairpin is a structural motif accessible to amyloidogenic proteins in their monomeric and oligomeric states. Here, to investigate implications of β-hairpins in amyloid formation, potential β-hairpin-forming amyloidogenic segments in the human proteome were predicted based on sequence similarity with β-hairpins previously observed in Aβ, α-synuclein, and islet amyloid polypeptide, amyloidogenic proteins associated with AD, PD, and T2D, respectively. These three β-hairpins, established upon binding to the engineered binding protein β-wrapin AS10, are characterized by proximity of two sequence segments rich in hydrophobic and aromatic amino acids, with high β-aggregation scores according to the TANGO algorithm. Using these criteria, 2505 potential β-hairpin-forming amyloidogenic segments in 2098 human proteins were identified. Characterization of a test set of eight protein segments showed that seven assembled into Thioflavin T-positive aggregates and four formed β-hairpins in complex with AS10 according to NMR. One of those is a segment of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) comprising amino acids 185-208. PAP is naturally cleaved into fragments, including PAP(248-286) which forms functional amyloid in semen. We find that PAP(185-208) strongly decreases the protein concentrations required for fibril formation of PAP(248-286) and of another semen amyloid peptide, SEM1(86-107), indicating that it promotes nucleation of semen amyloids. In conclusion, β-hairpin-forming amyloidogenic protein segments could be identified in the human proteome with potential roles in functional or disease-related amyloid formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia F. Heid
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Emil Dandanell Agerschou
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Asuka A. Orr
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3122, United States
| | - Tatsiana Kupreichyk
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7) and JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Walfried Schneider
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael M. Wördehoff
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Melanie Schwarten
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7) and JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Dieter Willbold
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7) and JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Phanourios Tamamis
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3122, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3033, United States
| | - Matthias Stoldt
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7) and JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hoyer
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7) and JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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2
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Fu Z, Crooks EJ, Irizarry BA, Zhu X, Chowdhury S, Van Nostrand WE, Smith SO. An electrostatic cluster guides Aβ40 fibril formation in sporadic and Dutch-type cerebral amyloid angiopathy. J Struct Biol 2024; 216:108092. [PMID: 38615725 PMCID: PMC11162928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2024.108092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is associated with the accumulation of fibrillar Aβ peptides upon and within the cerebral vasculature, which leads to loss of vascular integrity and contributes to disease progression in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigate the structure of human-derived Aβ40 fibrils obtained from patients diagnosed with sporadic or familial Dutch-type (E22Q) CAA. Using cryo-EM, two primary structures are identified containing elements that have not been observed in in vitro Aβ40 fibril structures. One population has an ordered N-terminal fold comprised of two β-strands stabilized by electrostatic interactions involving D1, E22, D23 and K28. This charged cluster is disrupted in the second population, which exhibits a disordered N-terminus and is favored in fibrils derived from the familial Dutch-type CAA patient. These results illustrate differences between human-derived CAA and AD fibrils, and how familial CAA mutations can guide fibril formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziao Fu
- Center for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215, United States; Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Elliot J Crooks
- Center for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215, United States
| | - Brandon A Irizarry
- Center for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215, United States
| | - Xiaoyue Zhu
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Saikat Chowdhury
- Center for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215, United States; CSIR-Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Habsiguda, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Kamala Nehru Nagar, Gaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - William E Van Nostrand
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, United States.
| | - Steven O Smith
- Center for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215, United States
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3
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Varas N, Grabowski R, Jarosinski MA, Tai N, Herzog RI, Ismail-Beigi F, Yang Y, Cherrington AD, Weiss MA. Ultra-stable insulin-glucagon fusion protein exploits an endogenous hepatic switch to mitigate hypoglycemic risk. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.20.594997. [PMID: 38826486 PMCID: PMC11142066 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.20.594997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The risk of hypoglycemia and its serious medical sequelae restrict insulin replacement therapy for diabetes mellitus. Such adverse clinical impact has motivated development of diverse glucose-responsive technologies, including algorithm-controlled insulin pumps linked to continuous glucose monitors ("closed-loop systems") and glucose-sensing ("smart") insulins. These technologies seek to optimize glycemic control while minimizing hypoglycemic risk. Here, we describe an alternative approach that exploits an endogenous glucose-dependent switch in hepatic physiology: preferential insulin signaling (under hyperglycemic conditions) versus preferential counter-regulatory glucagon signaling (during hypoglycemia). Motivated by prior reports of glucagon-insulin co-infusion, we designed and tested an ultra-stable glucagon-insulin fusion protein whose relative hormonal activities were calibrated by respective modifications; physical stability was concurrently augmented to facilitate formulation, enhance shelf life and expand access. An N-terminal glucagon moiety was stabilized by an α-helix-compatible Lys 13 -Glu 17 lactam bridge; A C-terminal insulin moiety was stabilized as a single chain with foreshortened C domain. Studies in vitro demonstrated (a) resistance to fibrillation on prolonged agitation at 37 °C and (b) dual hormonal signaling activities with appropriate balance. Glucodynamic responses were monitored in rats relative to control fusion proteins lacking one or the other hormonal activity, and continuous intravenous infusion emulated basal subcutaneous therapy. Whereas efficacy in mitigating hyperglycemia was unaffected by the glucagon moiety, the fusion protein enhanced endogenous glucose production under hypoglycemic conditions. Together, these findings provide proof of principle toward a basal glucose-responsive insulin biotechnology of striking simplicity. The fusion protein's augmented stability promises to circumvent the costly cold chain presently constraining global insulin access. Significance Statement The therapeutic goal of insulin replacement therapy in diabetes is normalization of blood-glucose concentration, which prevents or delays long-term complications. A critical barrier is posed by recurrent hypoglycemic events that results in short- and long-term morbidities. An innovative approach envisions co-injection of glucagon (a counter-regulatory hormone) to exploit a glycemia-dependent hepatic switch in relative hormone responsiveness. To provide an enabling technology, we describe an ultra-stable fusion protein containing insulin- and glucagon moieties. Proof of principle was obtained in rats. A single-chain insulin moiety provides glycemic control whereas a lactam-stabilized glucagon extension mitigates hypoglycemia. This dual-hormone fusion protein promises to provide a basal formulation with reduced risk of hypoglycemia. Resistance to fibrillation may circumvent the cold chain required for global access.
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4
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Guan Y, Li Y, Gao W, Mei J, Xu W, Wang C, Ai H. Aggregation Dynamics Characteristics of Seven Different Aβ Oligomeric Isoforms-Dependence on the Interfacial Interaction. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:155-168. [PMID: 38109178 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides has been confirmed to be associated with the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among the three phases of Aβ aggregation, the lag phase has been considered to be the best time for early Aβ pathological deposition clinical intervention and prevention for potential patients with normal cognition. Aβ peptide exists in various lengths in vivo, and Aβ oligomer in the early lag phase is neurotoxic but polymorphous and metastable, depending on Aβ length (isoform), molecular weight, and specific phase, and therefore hardly characterized experimentally. To cope with the problem, molecular dynamics simulation was used to investigate the aggregation process of five monomers for each of the seven common Aβ isoforms during the lag phase. Results showed that Aβ(1-40) and Aβ(1-38) monomers aggregated faster than their truncated analogues Aβ(4-40) and Aβ(4-38), respectively. However, the aggregation rate of Aβ(1-42) was slower than that of its truncated analogues Aβ(4-42) rather than that of Aβpe(3-42). More importantly, Aβ(1-38) is first predicted as more likely to form stable hexamer than the remaining five Aβ isoforms, as Aβ(1-42) does. It is hydrophobic interaction mainly (>50%) from the interfacial β1 and β2 regions of two reactants, pentamer and monomer, aggregated by Aβ(1-38)/Aβ(1-42) rather than by other Aβ isoforms, that drives the hexamer stably as a result of the formation of the effective hydrophobic collapse. This paper provides new insights into the aggregation characteristics of Aβ with different lengths and the conditions necessary for Aβ to form oligomers with a high molecular weight in the early lag phase, revealing the dependence of Aβ hexamer formation on the specific interfacial interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvning Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Ye Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Wenqi Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Jinfei Mei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Wen Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Chuanbo Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Hongqi Ai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
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5
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Waly OM, El-Sayed SM, Ghaly MA, El-Subbagh HI. Multi-targeted anti-Alzheimer's agents: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling study of some pyrazolopyridine hybrids. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 262:115880. [PMID: 37871406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
A new series of compounds bearing a pyrazolopyridine scaffold was synthesized as integrated anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) multi-targeted ligands. Compounds 49 and 51 showed remarkable activity as hAChE inhibitors with IC50 values of 0.17 and 0.16 μM, respectively; and proved to be active hBuChE inhibitors with IC50 values 0.17 and 0.69 μM, eight and two-fold more active than the reference compound rivastigmine, respectively. Compounds 49 and 51 showed potent GSK3β inhibition with IC50 values of 0.21 and 0.26 μM, respectively compared to L807mts. Also, 49 and 51 showed 66.0 and 60.0% as tau protein aggregation inhibitors; and Aβ1-42 self-aggregation inhibitors with 79.0 and 75.0% respectively. Furthermore, 49 and 51 could bind virtually with the PAS affecting Aβ aggregation, thus preventing Aβ-dependent neurotoxicity. They proved to have the ability to chelate bio-metals such as Fe2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ preventing their oxidative damage in the brain of AD patients, in addition to their safety upon WI-38 cell line. Both compounds could virtually penetrate BBB and obeyed Lipinski's rule of five. Compounds 49 and 51 could be considered as MTDLs for AD patients and the obtained model and pattern of substitution could be used for further development of new multi-targeted anti-Alzheimer's agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia M Waly
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt; Pharmacy Center of Scientific Excellence, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Selwan M El-Sayed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt; Pharmacy Center of Scientific Excellence, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mariam A Ghaly
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Hussein I El-Subbagh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt; Pharmacy Center of Scientific Excellence, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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6
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Heid LF, Kupreichyk T, Schützmann MP, Schneider W, Stoldt M, Hoyer W. Nucleation of α-Synuclein Amyloid Fibrils Induced by Cross-Interaction with β-Hairpin Peptides Derived from Immunoglobulin Light Chains. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16132. [PMID: 38003322 PMCID: PMC10671648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterologous interactions between different amyloid-forming proteins, also called cross-interactions, may have a critical impact on disease-related amyloid formation. β-hairpin conformers of amyloid-forming proteins have been shown to affect homologous interactions in the amyloid self-assembly process. Here, we applied two β-hairpin-forming peptides derived from immunoglobulin light chains as models to test how heterologous β-hairpins modulate the fibril formation of Parkinson's disease-associated protein α-synuclein (αSyn). The peptides SMAhp and LENhp comprise β-strands C and C' of the κ4 antibodies SMA and LEN, which are associated with light chain amyloidosis and multiple myeloma, respectively. SMAhp and LENhp bind with high affinity to the β-hairpin-binding protein β-wrapin AS10 according to isothermal titration calorimetry and NMR spectroscopy. The addition of SMAhp and LENhp affects the kinetics of αSyn aggregation monitored by Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence, with the effect depending on assay conditions, salt concentration, and the applied β-hairpin peptide. In the absence of agitation, substoichiometric concentrations of the hairpin peptides strongly reduce the lag time of αSyn aggregation, suggesting that they support the nucleation of αSyn amyloid fibrils. The effect is also observed for the aggregation of αSyn fragments lacking the N-terminus or the C-terminus, indicating that the promotion of nucleation involves the interaction of hairpin peptides with the hydrophobic non-amyloid-β component (NAC) region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia F. Heid
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tatsiana Kupreichyk
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7) and JuStruct, Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Marie P. Schützmann
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Walfried Schneider
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Stoldt
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7) and JuStruct, Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hoyer
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7) and JuStruct, Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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7
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Bhopatkar AA, Kayed R. Flanking regions, amyloid cores, and polymorphism: the potential interplay underlying structural diversity. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105122. [PMID: 37536631 PMCID: PMC10482755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The β-sheet-rich amyloid core is the defining feature of protein aggregates associated with neurodegenerative disorders. Recent investigations have revealed that there exist multiple examples of the same protein, with the same sequence, forming a variety of amyloid cores with distinct structural characteristics. These structural variants, termed as polymorphs, are hypothesized to influence the pathological profile and the progression of different neurodegenerative diseases, giving rise to unique phenotypic differences. Thus, identifying the origin and properties of these structural variants remain a focus of studies, as a preliminary step in the development of therapeutic strategies. Here, we review the potential role of the flanking regions of amyloid cores in inducing polymorphism. These regions, adjacent to the amyloid cores, show a preponderance for being structurally disordered, imbuing them with functional promiscuity. The dynamic nature of the flanking regions can then manifest in the form of conformational polymorphism of the aggregates. We take a closer look at the sequences flanking the amyloid cores, followed by a review of the polymorphic aggregates of the well-characterized proteins amyloid-β, α-synuclein, Tau, and TDP-43. We also consider different factors that can potentially influence aggregate structure and how these regions can be viewed as novel targets for therapeutic strategies by utilizing their unique structural properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anukool A Bhopatkar
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Rakez Kayed
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA; Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
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8
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Fares S, El Husseiny WM, Selim KB, Massoud MAM. Modified Tacrine Derivatives as Multitarget-Directed Ligands for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling Study. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:26012-26034. [PMID: 37521639 PMCID: PMC10373466 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
To develop multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) as potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to shed light on the effect of the chromene group in designing these ligands, 35 new tacrine-chromene derivatives were designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated. Compounds 5c and 5d exhibited the most desirable multiple functions for AD; they were strong hAChE inhibitors with IC50 values of 0.44 and 0.25 μM, respectively. Besides, their potent BuChE inhibitory activity was 10- and 5-fold more active than rivastigmine with IC50 = 0.08 and 0.14 μM, respectively. Moreover, they could bind to the peripheral anionic site (PAS), influencing Aβ aggregation and decreasing Aβ-related neurodegeneration, especially compound 5d, which was 8 times more effective than curcumin with IC50 = 0.74 μM and 76% inhibition at 10 μM. Compounds 5c and 5d showed strong BACE-1 inhibition at the submicromolar level with IC50 = 0.38 and 0.44 μM, respectively, which almost doubled the activity of curcumin. They also showed single-digit micromolar inhibitory activity against MAO-B with IC50 = 5.15 and 2.42 μM, respectively. They also had antioxidant activities and showed satisfactory metal-chelating properties toward Fe+2, Zn+2, and Cu+2, inhibiting oxidative stress in AD brains. Furthermore, compounds 5c and 5d showed acceptable relative safety upon normal cells SH-SY5Y and HepG2. It was shown that 5c and 5d were blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrants by online prediction. Taken together, these multifunctional properties highlight that compounds 5c and 5d can serve as promising candidates for the further development of multifunctional drugs against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Fares
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delta University
For science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
| | - Walaa M. El Husseiny
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Khalid B. Selim
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. M. Massoud
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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9
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Nguyen PH, Derreumaux P. Multistep molecular mechanisms of Aβ16-22 fibril formation revealed by lattice Monte Carlo simulations. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:235101. [PMID: 37318171 DOI: 10.1063/5.0149419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
As a model of self-assembly from disordered monomers to fibrils, the amyloid-β fragment Aβ16-22 was subject to past numerous experimental and computational studies. Because dynamics information between milliseconds and seconds cannot be assessed by both studies, we lack a full understanding of its oligomerization. Lattice simulations are particularly well suited to capture pathways to fibrils. In this study, we explored the aggregation of 10 Aβ16-22 peptides using 65 lattice Monte Carlo simulations, each simulation consisting of 3 × 109 steps. Based on a total of 24 and 41 simulations that converge and do not converge to the fibril state, respectively, we are able to reveal the diversity of the pathways leading to fibril structure and the conformational traps slowing down the fibril formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong H Nguyen
- CNRS, Université Paris Cité, UPR 9080, Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, 13 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Derreumaux
- CNRS, Université Paris Cité, UPR 9080, Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, 13 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75005 Paris, France
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10
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Chakraborty D, Straub JE, Thirumalai D. Energy landscapes of Aβ monomers are sculpted in accordance with Ostwald's rule of stages. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd6921. [PMID: 36947617 PMCID: PMC10032606 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add6921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The transition from a disordered to an assembly-competent monomeric state (N*) in amyloidogenic sequences is a crucial event in the aggregation cascade. Using a well-calibrated model for intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), we show that the N* states, which bear considerable resemblance to the polymorphic fibril structures found in experiments, not only appear as excitations in the free energy landscapes of Aβ40 and Aβ42, but also initiate the aggregation cascade. For Aβ42, the transitions to the different N* states are in accord with Ostwald's rule of stages, with the least stable structures forming ahead of thermodynamically favored ones. The Aβ40 and Aβ42 monomer landscapes exhibit different extents of local frustration, which we show have profound implications in dictating subsequent self-assembly. Using kinetic transition networks, we illustrate that the most favored dimerization routes proceed via N* states. We argue that Ostwald's rule also holds for the aggregation of fused in sarcoma and polyglutamine proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debayan Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin TX 78712, USA
| | - John E. Straub
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, MA 022155, USA
| | - D. Thirumalai
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin TX 78712, USA
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11
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Khan A, Nayeem SM. Stability of the Aβ42 Peptide in Mixed Solutions of Denaturants and Proline. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:1572-1585. [PMID: 36786778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c08505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) is responsible for the neuronal damage and death of a patient with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ42 oligomeric forms are dominant neurotoxins and are related to neurodegeneration. Their different forms are related to various pathological conditions in the brain. We investigated Aβ42 peptides in different environments of proline, urea, and GdmCl solutions (in pure and mixed binary forms) through atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. Preferential exclusion from the protein surface and facile formation of a large number of weak molecular interactions are the driving forces for the osmolyte's action. We have focused on these interactions between peptide monomers and pure/mixed osmolytes and denaturants. Urea, as usual, denatures the peptide strongly compared to the GdmCl by accumulation around the peptide. GdmCl shows lesser build-up around protein in contrast to urea but is involved in destabilizing the salt bridge formation of Asp23 and Lys28. Proline as an osmolyte protects the peptide from aggregation when mixed with urea and GdmCl solutions. In mixed solutions of two denaturants and osmolyte plus denaturant, the peptide shows enhanced stability as compared to pure denaturant urea solution. The enhanced stability of peptides in proline may be attributed to its exclusion from the peptide surface and favoring salt bridge formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashma Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India
| | - Shahid M Nayeem
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India
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12
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Wu KY, Doan D, Medrano M, Chang CEA. Modeling structural interconversion in Alzheimers' amyloid beta peptide with classical and intrinsically disordered protein force fields. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:10005-10022. [PMID: 34152264 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1939163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of the aggregation mechanism in amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) peptide is imperative for developing therapeutic drugs to prevent or treat Alzheimer's disease. Because of the high flexibility and lack of native tertiary structures of Aβ42, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations may help elucidate the peptide's dynamics with atomic details and collectively improve ensembles not seen in experiments. We applied microsecond-timescale MD simulations to investigate the dynamics and conformational changes of Aβ42 by using a newly developed Amber force field (ff14IDPSFF). We compared the ff14IDPSFF and the regular ff14SB force field by examining the conformational changes of two distinct Aβ42 monomers in explicit solvent. Conformational ensembles obtained by simulations depend on the force field and initial structure, Aβ42α-helix or Aβ42β-strand. The ff14IDPSFF sampled a high ratio of disordered structures and diverse β-strand secondary structures; in contrast, ff14SB favored helicity during the Aβ42α-helix simulations. The conformations obtained from Aβ42β-strand simulations maintained a balanced content in the disordered and helical structures when simulated by ff14SB, but the conformers clearly favored disordered and β-sheet structures simulated by ff14IDPSFF. The results obtained with ff14IDPSFF qualitatively reproduced the NMR chemical shifts well. In-depth peptide and cluster analysis revealed some characteristic features that may be linked to early onset of the fibril-like structure. The C-terminal region (mainly M35-V40) featured in-registered anti-parallel β-strand (β-hairpin) conformations with tested systems. Our work should expand the knowledge of force field and structure dependency in MD simulations and reveals the underlying structural mechanism-function relationship in Aβ42 peptides. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingsley Y Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - David Doan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Marco Medrano
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Chia-En A Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
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13
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From structure and dynamics to biomolecular functions: The ubiquitous role of solvent in biology. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2022; 77:102462. [PMID: 36150344 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2022.102462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biological activity requires a solvent that can provide a suitable environment, which satisfies the twin need for stability and the ability to change. Among all the solvents water plays the most important role. We review, analyze, and comment on recent works on the structure and dynamics of water around biomolecules and their role in specific biological functions. While studies in the past have focused on understanding the biomolecule-water interactions through a hydration layer; recently the attention has shifted towards understanding functions at a molecular level. Such a microscopic understanding clearly requires elucidation of detailed dynamical processes where solvent molecules play an important role. Finally, we comment on the advances made in understanding the role of water inside a biological cell.
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14
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Fang M, Zhang Q, Guan P, Su K, Wang X, Hu X. Insights into Molecular Mechanisms of EGCG and Apigenin on Disrupting Amyloid-Beta Protofibrils Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:8155-8165. [PMID: 36219848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c04230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The fibrillization and deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) protofibrils are one of the important factors leading to Alzheimer's disease. Molecular dynamics simulations can offer information on intermolecular interaction mechanisms between Aβ protofibrils and Aβ fibrillization inhibitors. Here, in this work, we explore the early molecular mechanisms of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and apigenin on disrupting Aβ42 protofibrils based on molecular simulations. The binding modes of EGCG and apigenin with the Aβ42 protofibril are obtained. Furthermore, we compare the behavioral mechanisms of EGCG and apigenin on disturbing the Aβ42 protofibril. Both EGCG and apigenin are able to decrease the proportion of the β-sheet and bend structures of the Aβ42 protofibril while inducing random coil structures. The results of hydrogen bonds and D23-K28 salt bridges illustrate that EGCG and apigenin have the ability of destabilizing the Aβ42 protofibril. Meanwhile, the van der Waals interactions between the EGCG and Aβ42 protofibril are shown to be larger than that of apigenin with the Aβ42 protofibril, but the electrostatic interactions between apigenin and the Aβ42 protofibril are dominant in the binding affinity. Our findings may help in designing effective drug candidates for disordering the Aβ protofibril and impeding Aβ fibrillization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Fang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Ping Guan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Kehe Su
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Xiaoling Hu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
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15
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Rajpoot J, Crooks EJ, Irizarry BA, Amundson A, Van Nostrand WE, Smith SO. Insights into Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Type 1 and Type 2 from Comparisons of the Fibrillar Assembly and Stability of the Aβ40-Iowa and Aβ40-Dutch Peptides. Biochemistry 2022; 61:1181-1198. [PMID: 35666749 PMCID: PMC9219409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two distinct diseases are associated with the deposition of fibrillar amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides in the human brain in an age-dependent fashion. Alzheimer's disease is primarily associated with parenchymal plaque deposition of Aβ42, while cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is associated with amyloid formation of predominantly Aβ40 in the cerebral vasculature. In addition, familial mutations at positions 22 and 23 of the Aβ sequence can enhance vascular deposition in the two major subtypes of CAA. The E22Q (Dutch) mutation is associated with CAA type 2, while the D23N (Iowa) mutation is associated with CAA type 1. Here we investigate differences in the formation and structure of fibrils of these mutant Aβ peptides in vitro to gain insights into their biochemical and physiological differences in the brain. Using Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we measure the relative propensities of Aβ40-Dutch and Aβ40-Iowa to form antiparallel structure and compare these propensities to those of the wild-type Aβ40 and Aβ42 isoforms. We find that both Aβ40-Dutch and Aβ40-Iowa have strong propensities to form antiparallel β-hairpins in the first step of the fibrillization process. However, there is a marked difference in the ability of these peptides to form elongated antiparallel structures. Importantly, we find marked differences in the stability of the protofibril or fibril states formed by the four Aβ peptides. We discuss these differences with respect to the mechanisms of Aβ fibril formation in CAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitika Rajpoot
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5215, United States
| | - Elliot J Crooks
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5215, United States
| | - Brandon A Irizarry
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5215, United States
| | - Ashley Amundson
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5215, United States
| | | | - Steven O Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Structural Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5215, United States
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16
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Xie H, Rojas A, Maisuradze GG, Khelashvili G. Mechanistic Kinetic Model Reveals How Amyloidogenic Hydrophobic Patches Facilitate the Amyloid-β Fibril Elongation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:987-1001. [PMID: 35258946 PMCID: PMC8986627 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal aggregation of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides into fibrils plays a critical role in the development of Alzheimer's disease. A two-stage "dock-lock" model has been proposed for the Aβ fibril elongation process. However, the mechanisms of the Aβ monomer-fibril binding process have not been elucidated with the necessary molecular-level precision, so it remains unclear how the lock phase dynamics leads to the overall in-register binding of the Aβ monomer onto the fibril. To gain mechanistic insights into this critical step during the fibril elongation process, we used molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with a physics-based coarse-grained UNited-RESidue (UNRES) force field and sampled extensively the dynamics of the lock phase process, in which a fibril-bound Aβ(9-40) peptide rearranged to establish the native docking conformation. Analysis of the MD trajectories with Markov state models was used to quantify the kinetics of the rearrangement process and the most probable pathways leading to the overall native docking conformation of the incoming peptide. These revealed a key intermediate state in which an intra-monomer hairpin is formed between the central core amyloidogenic patch 18VFFA21 and the C-terminal hydrophobic patch 34LMVG37. This hairpin structure is highly favored as a transition state during the lock phase of the fibril elongation. We propose a molecular mechanism for facilitation of the Aβ fibril elongation by amyloidogenic hydrophobic patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyi Xie
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Ana Rojas
- Schrödinger, Inc., 1540 Broadway, 24th Floor, New York, New York 10036, United States
| | - Gia G. Maisuradze
- Baker Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - George Khelashvili
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, United States
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17
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Waly OM, Saad KM, El-Subbagh HI, Bayomi SM, Ghaly MA. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling simulations of new heterocyclic hybrids as multi-targeted anti-Alzheimer's agents. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 231:114152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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18
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Kennedy-Britten OD, Alshammari N, Platts JA. Accelerated Molecular Dynamics to Explore the Binding of Transition Metals to Amyloid-β. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:4065-4075. [PMID: 34669379 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the accelerated molecular dynamics (aMD) simulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides of four different lengths (16, 28, 40, and 42 residues) and their complexes when bound to Cu(II), Fe(II), or Zn(II). 600 ns equilibrated trajectory data were analyzed for each structure from three independent 200 ns aMD simulations, generating 16 aMD trajectories. We show that the presence of a metal ion leads to reduced size and decreased mobility relative to the free peptide due to the anchoring effect of the ions. The reduced mobility was shown largely to be due to the restricted movement in N-terminal residues, most notably Asp1 and His6 that are involved in the metal-ion coordination in all cases. Significant disruption of the secondary structure and patterns of salt bridge interactions arise on the coordination of metal ions. In this regard, similarities were noted between results for Zn(II) and Fe(II), whereas results for Cu(II) are more comparable to that of the free peptides. Reweighting of free energy surfaces was carried out from aMD data to identify the properties and descriptions of local minima structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadiyah Alshammari
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - James A. Platts
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
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19
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Nguyen PH, Ramamoorthy A, Sahoo BR, Zheng J, Faller P, Straub JE, Dominguez L, Shea JE, Dokholyan NV, De Simone A, Ma B, Nussinov R, Najafi S, Ngo ST, Loquet A, Chiricotto M, Ganguly P, McCarty J, Li MS, Hall C, Wang Y, Miller Y, Melchionna S, Habenstein B, Timr S, Chen J, Hnath B, Strodel B, Kayed R, Lesné S, Wei G, Sterpone F, Doig AJ, Derreumaux P. Amyloid Oligomers: A Joint Experimental/Computational Perspective on Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Type II Diabetes, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Chem Rev 2021; 121:2545-2647. [PMID: 33543942 PMCID: PMC8836097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 368] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation is observed in many amyloidogenic diseases affecting either the central nervous system or a variety of peripheral tissues. Structural and dynamic characterization of all species along the pathways from monomers to fibrils is challenging by experimental and computational means because they involve intrinsically disordered proteins in most diseases. Yet understanding how amyloid species become toxic is the challenge in developing a treatment for these diseases. Here we review what computer, in vitro, in vivo, and pharmacological experiments tell us about the accumulation and deposition of the oligomers of the (Aβ, tau), α-synuclein, IAPP, and superoxide dismutase 1 proteins, which have been the mainstream concept underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), type II diabetes (T2D), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) research, respectively, for many years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong H Nguyen
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Biophysics and Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Bikash R Sahoo
- Biophysics and Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Peter Faller
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - John E Straub
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Laura Dominguez
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Joan-Emma Shea
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Nikolay V Dokholyan
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
- Department of Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Alfonso De Simone
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
- Molecular Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Buyong Ma
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
- Sackler Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Saeed Najafi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Son Tung Ngo
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Biophysics & Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, 33000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Antoine Loquet
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects, (UMR5248 CBMN), CNRS, Université Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Mara Chiricotto
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Pritam Ganguly
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - James McCarty
- Chemistry Department, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225, United States
| | - Mai Suan Li
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology, SBI Building, Quang Trung Software City, Tan Chanh Hiep Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carol Hall
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Yifat Miller
- Department of Chemistry and The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel
| | | | - Birgit Habenstein
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects, (UMR5248 CBMN), CNRS, Université Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Stepan Timr
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Jiaxing Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Brianna Hnath
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Birgit Strodel
- Institute of Complex Systems: Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Rakez Kayed
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Sylvain Lesné
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Guanghong Wei
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Science, Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Fabio Sterpone
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Andrew J Doig
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Philippe Derreumaux
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Ton Duc Thang University, 33000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, 33000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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20
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Residue Interaction Network Analysis Predicts a Val24-Ile31 Interaction May be Involved in Preventing Amyloid-Beta (1-42) Primary Nucleation. Protein J 2021; 40:175-183. [PMID: 33566321 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-021-09965-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients could benefit from a more effective treatment than the current FDA-approved options. Because amyloid-beta (Aβ) is thought to play a central role in AD pathogenesis, many experimental drugs attempt to reduce Aβ-induced pathology. Preventing amyloid accumulation may be a more effective strategy than clearing Aβ plaques after they form. If preventing Aβ accumulation can treat or prevent AD, then understanding Aβ primary nucleation may aid rational drug design. This study examines Aβ residue interaction networks and reports network and structural observations that may provide insight into primary nucleation. While many studies identify structural features of Aβ that promote aggregation, this study reports features that may resist primary nucleation by examining Aβ42 studies in more and less polar solvents. In Aβ42 in a less polar solvent (PDB ID: 1IYT), Val24 and Ile31 have higher betweenness and residue centrality values. This may be due to a predicted interaction between Val24 and Ile31. Residues in the central hydrophobic cluster (CHC) of Aβ40 and Aβ42 had significantly higher betweenness values compared to the average betweenness of the structures, highlighting the CHC's reported role in oligomerization. The predicted interaction between Val24 and Ile31 may reduce the likelihood of primary nucleation of Aβ.
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21
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Fu Z, Van Nostrand WE, Smith SO. Anti-Parallel β-Hairpin Structure in Soluble Aβ Oligomers of Aβ40-Dutch and Aβ40-Iowa. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031225. [PMID: 33513738 PMCID: PMC7865275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides are associated with two prominent diseases in the brain, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Aβ42 is the dominant component of cored parenchymal plaques associated with AD, while Aβ40 is the predominant component of vascular amyloid associated with CAA. There are familial CAA mutations at positions Glu22 and Asp23 that lead to aggressive Aβ aggregation, drive vascular amyloid deposition and result in degradation of vascular membranes. In this study, we compared the transition of the monomeric Aβ40-WT peptide into soluble oligomers and fibrils with the corresponding transitions of the Aβ40-Dutch (E22Q), Aβ40-Iowa (D23N) and Aβ40-Dutch, Iowa (E22Q, D23N) mutants. FTIR measurements show that in a fashion similar to Aβ40-WT, the familial CAA mutants form transient intermediates with anti-parallel β-structure. This structure appears before the formation of cross-β-sheet fibrils as determined by thioflavin T fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy and occurs when AFM images reveal the presence of soluble oligomers and protofibrils. Although the anti-parallel β-hairpin is a common intermediate on the pathway to Aβ fibrils for the four peptides studied, the rate of conversion to cross-β-sheet fibril structure differs for each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziao Fu
- Center for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
| | - William E. Van Nostrand
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Steven O. Smith
- Center for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-631-632-1210
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22
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Tran TT, Pan F, Tran L, Roland C, Sagui C. The F19W mutation reduces the binding affinity of the transmembrane Aβ 11-40 trimer to the membrane bilayer. RSC Adv 2021; 11:2664-2676. [PMID: 35424222 PMCID: PMC8693879 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08837d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is linked to the aggregation of the amyloid-β protein (Aβ) of 40 or 42 amino acids. Lipid membranes are known to modulate the rate and mechanisms of the Aβ aggregation. Point mutations in Aβ can alter these rates and mechanisms. In particular, experiments show that F19 mutations influence the aggregation rate, but maintain the fibril structures. Here, we used molecular dynamics simulations to examine the effect of the F19W mutation in the 3Aβ11-40 trimer immersed in DPPC lipid bilayers submerged in aqueous solution. Substituting Phe by its closest (non-polar) aromatic amino acid Trp has a dramatic reduction in binding affinity to the phospholipid membrane (measured with respect to the solvated protein) compared to the wild type: the binding free energy of the protein-DPPC lipid bilayer increases by 40-50 kcal mol-1 over the wild-type. This is accompanied by conformational changes and loss of salt bridges, as well as a more complex free energy surface, all indicative of a more flexible and less stable mutated trimer. These results suggest that the impact of mutations can be assessed, at least partially, by evaluating the interaction of the mutated peptides with the lipid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Thuy Tran
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Biophysics, Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Feng Pan
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University Tallahassee Florida USA
| | - Linh Tran
- Institute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Duy Tan University Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University Da Nang City 550000 Vietnam
| | - Christopher Roland
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA
| | - Celeste Sagui
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA
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23
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Scherpelz KP, Wang S, Pytel P, Madhurapantula RS, Srivastava AK, Sachleben JR, Orgel J, Ishii Y, Meredith SC. Atomic-level differences between brain parenchymal- and cerebrovascular-seeded Aβ fibrils. Sci Rep 2021; 11:247. [PMID: 33420184 PMCID: PMC7794565 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80042-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by neuritic plaques, the main protein components of which are β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides deposited as β-sheet-rich amyloid fibrils. Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA) consists of cerebrovascular deposits of Aβ peptides; it usually accompanies Alzheimer's disease, though it sometimes occurs in the absence of neuritic plaques, as AD also occurs without accompanying CAA. Although neuritic plaques and vascular deposits have similar protein compositions, one of the characteristic features of amyloids is polymorphism, i.e., the ability of a single pure peptide to adopt multiple conformations in fibrils, depending on fibrillization conditions. For this reason, we asked whether the Aβ fibrils in neuritic plaques differed structurally from those in cerebral blood vessels. To address this question, we used seeding techniques, starting with amyloid-enriched material from either brain parenchyma or cerebral blood vessels (using meninges as the source). These amyloid-enriched preparations were then added to fresh, disaggregated solutions of Aβ to make replicate fibrils, as described elsewhere. Such fibrils were then studied by solid-state NMR, fiber X-ray diffraction, and other biophysical techniques. We observed chemical shift differences between parenchymal vs. vascular-seeded replicate fibrils in select sites (in particular, Ala2, Phe4, Val12, and Gln15 side chains) in two-dimensional 13C-13C correlation solid-state NMR spectra, strongly indicating structural differences at these sites. X-ray diffraction studies also indicated that vascular-seeded fibrils displayed greater order than parenchyma-seeded fibrils in the "side-chain dimension" (~ 10 Å reflection), though the "hydrogen-bond dimensions" (~ 5 Å reflection) were alike. These results indicate that the different nucleation conditions at two sites in the brain, parenchyma and blood vessels, affect the fibril products that get formed at each site, possibly leading to distinct pathophysiological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Songlin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois At Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Peter Pytel
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Rama S Madhurapantula
- Department of Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Atul K Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Joseph R Sachleben
- Biomolecular NMR Facility, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Joseph Orgel
- Department of Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yoshitaka Ishii
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Stephen C Meredith
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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Agerschou ED, Schützmann MP, Reppert N, Wördehoff MM, Shaykhalishahi H, Buell AK, Hoyer W. β-Turn exchanges in the α-synuclein segment 44-TKEG-47 reveal high sequence fidelity requirements of amyloid fibril elongation. Biophys Chem 2020; 269:106519. [PMID: 33333378 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2020.106519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The folding of turns and β-hairpins has been implicated in amyloid formation, with diverse potential consequences such as promotion or inhibition of fibril nucleation, fibril elongation, or off-pathway oligomer formation. In the Parkinson's disease-associated protein α-synuclein (αS), a β-hairpin comprised of residues 36-56 was detected in complex with an engineered binding protein, with a turn formed by the αS sequence segment 44-TKEG-47. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed extensive populations of transient β-hairpin conformations in this region in free, monomeric αS. Here, we investigated potential effects of turn formation on αS fibril formation by studying the aggregation kinetics of an extensive set of αS variants with between two and four amino acid exchanges in the 44-TKEG-47 segment. The exchanges were chosen to specifically promote formation of β1-, β1'-, or β2'-turns. All variants assembled into amyloid fibrils, with increased β1'- or β2'-turn propensity associated with faster aggregation and increased β1-turn propensity with slower aggregation compared to wild-type (WT) αS. Atomic force microscopy demonstrated that β-turn exchanges altered fibril morphology. In cross-elongation experiments, the turn variants showed a low ability to elongate WT fibril seeds, and, vice versa, WT monomer did not efficiently elongate turn variant fibril seeds. This demonstrates that sequence identity in the turn region is crucial for efficient αS fibril elongation. Elongation experiments of WT fibril seeds in the presence of both WT and turn variant monomers suggest that the turn variants can bind and block WT fibril ends to different degrees, but cannot efficiently convert into the WT fibril structure. Our results indicate that modifications in the 44-TKEG-47 segment strongly affect amyloid assembly by driving αS into alternative fibril morphologies, whose elongation requires high sequence fidelity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Dandanell Agerschou
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marie P Schützmann
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nikolas Reppert
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael M Wördehoff
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hamed Shaykhalishahi
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander K Buell
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Hoyer
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7) and JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
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25
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Saini R, Shuaib S, Goyal D, Goyal B. Impact of Mutations on the Conformational Transition from α-Helix to β-Sheet Structures in Arctic-Type Aβ 40: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:23219-23228. [PMID: 32954172 PMCID: PMC7495726 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The amyloid-β (Aβ) protein aggregation into toxic oligomers and fibrils has been recognized as a key player in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Recent experiments reported that a double alanine mutation (L17A/F19A) in the central hydrophobic core (CHC) region of [G22]Aβ40 (familial Arctic mutation) diminished the self-assembly propensity of [G22]Aβ40. However, the molecular mechanism behind the decreased aggregation tendency of [A17/A19/G22]Aβ40 is not well understood. Herein, we carried out molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the structure and dynamics of [G22]Aβ40 and [A17/A19/G22]Aβ40. The results for the secondary structure analysis reveal a significantly increased amount of the helical content in the CHC and C-terminal region of [A17/A19/G22]Aβ40 as compared to [G22]Aβ40. The bending free-energy analysis of D23-K28 salt bridge suggests that the double alanine mutation in the CHC region of [G22]Aβ40 has the potential to reduce the fibril formation rate by 0.57 times of [G22]Aβ40. Unlike [G22]Aβ40, [A17/A19/G22]Aβ40 largely sampled helical conformation, as determined by the minimum energy conformations extracted from the free-energy landscape. The present study provided atomic level details into the experimentally observed diminished aggregation tendency of [A17/A19/G22]Aβ40 as compared to [G22]Aβ40.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajneet
Kaur Saini
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib 140406, Punjab, India
| | - Suniba Shuaib
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib 140406, Punjab, India
| | - Deepti Goyal
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib 140406, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupesh Goyal
- School
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Thapar
Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India
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Differences in the free energies between the excited states of A β40 and A β42 monomers encode their aggregation propensities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:19926-19937. [PMID: 32732434 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2002570117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The early events in the aggregation of the intrinsically disordered peptide, amyloid-β (Aβ), involve transitions from the disordered free energy ground state to assembly-competent states. Are the fingerprints of order found in the amyloid fibrils encoded in the conformations that the monomers access at equilibrium? If so, could the enhanced aggregation rate of Aβ42 compared to Aβ40 be rationalized from the sparsely populated high free energy states of the monomers? Here, we answer these questions in the affirmative using coarse-grained simulations of the self-organized polymer-intrinsically disordered protein (SOP-IDP) model of Aβ40 and Aβ42. Although both the peptides have practically identical ensemble-averaged properties, characteristic of random coils (RCs), the conformational ensembles of the two monomers exhibit sequence-specific heterogeneity. Hierarchical clustering of conformations reveals that both the peptides populate high free energy aggregation-prone ([Formula: see text]) states, which resemble the monomers in the fibril structure. The free energy gap between the ground (RC) and the [Formula: see text] states of Aβ42 peptide is smaller than that for Aβ40. By relating the populations of excited states of the two peptides to the fibril formation time scales using an empirical formula, we explain nearly quantitatively the faster aggregation rate of Aβ42 relative to Aβ40. The [Formula: see text] concept accounts for fibril polymorphs, leading to the prediction that the less stable [Formula: see text] state of Aβ42, encoding for the U-bend fibril, should form earlier than the structure with the S-bend topology, which is in accord with Ostwald's rule rationalizing crystal polymorph formation.
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Yang Z, Song Q, Cao Z, Yu G, Liu Z, Tan Z, Deng Y. Design, synthesis and evaluation of flurbiprofen-clioquinol hybrids as multitarget-directed ligands against Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115374. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pilkington AW, Schupp J, Nyman M, Valentine SJ, Smith DM, Legleiter J. Acetylation of Aβ 40 Alters Aggregation in the Presence and Absence of Lipid Membranes. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:146-161. [PMID: 31834770 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the formation of senile plaques comprised of the β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide. Aβ fibrillization is a complex nucleation-dependent process involving a variety of metastable intermediate aggregates and features the formation of inter- and intramolecular salt bridges involving lysine residues, K16 and K28. Cationic lysine residues also mediate protein-lipid interactions via association with anionic lipid headgroups. As several toxic mechanisms attributed to Aβ involve membrane interactions, the impact of acetylation on Aβ40 aggregation in the presence and absence of membranes was determined. Using chemical acetylation, varying mixtures of acetylated and nonacetylated Aβ40 were produced. With increasing acetylation, fibril and oligomer formation decreased, eventually completely arresting fibrillization. In the presence of total brain lipid extract (TBLE) vesicles, acetylation reduced the interaction of Aβ40 with membranes; however, fibrils still formed at near complete levels of acetylation. Additionally, the combination of TBLE and acetylated Aβ promoted annular aggregates. Finally, toxicity associated with Aβ40 was reduced with increasing acetylation in a cell culture assay. These results suggest that in the absence of membranes that the cationic character of lysine plays a major role in fibril formation. However, acetylation promotes unique aggregation pathways in the presence of lipid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert W. Pilkington
- The C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, 217 Clark Hall, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Jane Schupp
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Morgan Nyman
- The C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, 217 Clark Hall, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Stephen J. Valentine
- The C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, 217 Clark Hall, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - David M. Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
- Rockefeller Neurosciences Institutes, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Drive, P.O. Box 9303, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Drive, P.O. Box
9303, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Justin Legleiter
- The C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, 217 Clark Hall, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
- Rockefeller Neurosciences Institutes, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Drive, P.O. Box 9303, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Drive, P.O. Box
9303, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
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Foley AR, Lee HW, Raskatov JA. A Focused Chiral Mutant Library of the Amyloid β 42 Central Electrostatic Cluster as a Tool To Stabilize Aggregation Intermediates. J Org Chem 2020; 85:1385-1391. [PMID: 31875394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Amyloidogenic peptides and proteins aggregate into fibrillary structures that are usually deposited in tissues and organs and are often involved in the development of diseases. In contrast to native structured proteins, amyloids do not follow a defined energy landscape toward the fibrillary state and often generate a vast population of aggregation intermediates that are transient and exceedingly difficult to study. Here, we employ chiral editing as a tool to study the aggregation mechanism of the Amyloid β (Aβ) 42 peptide, whose aggregation intermediates are thought to be one of the main driving forces in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Through the design of a focused chiral mutant library (FCML) of 16 chiral Aβ42 variants, we identified several point D-substitutions that allowed us to modulate the aggregation propensity and the biological activity of the peptide. Surprisingly, the reduced propensity toward aggregation and the stabilization of oligomeric intermediates did not always correlate with an increase in toxicity. In the present study, we show how chiral editing can be a powerful tool to trap and stabilize Aβ42 conformers that might otherwise be too transient and dynamic to study, and we identify sites within the Aβ42 sequence that could be potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro R Foley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
| | - Hsiau-Wei Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
| | - Jevgenij A Raskatov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
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30
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Computational studies of protein aggregation mediated by amyloid: Fibril elongation and secondary nucleation. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 170:461-504. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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31
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Molecular dynamics simulations of copper binding to amyloid-β Glu22 mutants. Heliyon 2019; 6:e03071. [PMID: 31909253 PMCID: PMC6940626 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report microsecond timescale ligand field molecular dynamics simulations of the copper complexes of three known mutants of the amyloid-β peptide, E22G, E22Q and E22K, alongside the naturally occurring sequence. We find that all three mutants lead to formation of less compact structures than the wild-type: E22Q is the most similar to the native peptide, while E22G and especially E22K are markedly different in size, shape and stability. Turn and coil structures dominate all structures studied but subtle differences in helical and β-sheet distribution are noted, especially in the C-terminal region. The origin of these changes is traced to disruption of key salt bridges: in particular, the Asp23-Lys28 bridge that is prevalent in the wild-type is absent in E22G and E22K, while Lys22 in the latter mutant forms a strong association with Asp23. We surmise that the drastically different pattern of salt bridges in the mutants lead to adoption of a different structural ensemble of the peptide backbone, and speculate that this might affect the ability of the mutant peptides to aggregate in the same manner as known for the wild-type.
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Effect of aggregated Aβ protofilaments on intermolecular vibrational spectrum of confined water. J CHEM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-019-1699-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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33
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Hawk LML, Pittman JM, Moore PC, Srivastava AK, Zerweck J, Williams JTB, Hawk AJ, Sachleben JR, Meredith SC. β-amyloid model core peptides: Effects of hydrophobes and disulfides. Protein Sci 2019; 29:527-541. [PMID: 31710741 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism by which a disordered peptide nucleates and forms amyloid is incompletely understood. A central domain of β-amyloid (Aβ21-30) has been proposed to have intrinsic structural propensities that guide the limited formation of structure in the process of fibrillization. In order to test this hypothesis, we examine several internal fragments of Aβ, and variants of these either cyclized or with an N-terminal Cys. While Aβ21-30 and variants were always monomeric and unstructured (circular dichroism (CD) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMRS)), we found that the addition of flanking hydrophobic residues in Aβ16-34 led to formation of typical amyloid fibrils. NMR showed no long-range nuclear overhauser effect (nOes) in Aβ21-30, Aβ16-34, or their variants, however. Serial 1 H-15 N-heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopy, 1 H-1 H nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy, and 1 H-1 H total correlational spectroscopy spectra were used to follow aggregation of Aβ16-34 and Cys-Aβ16-34 at a site-specific level. The addition of an N-terminal Cys residue (in Cys-Aβ16-34) increased the rate of fibrillization which was attributable to disulfide bond formation. We propose a scheme comparing the aggregation pathways for Aβ16-34 and Cys-Aβ16-34, according to which Cys-Aβ16-34 dimerizes, which accelerates fibril formation. In this context, cysteine residues form a focal point that guides fibrillization, a role which, in native peptides, can be assumed by heterogeneous nucleators of aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M L Hawk
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jay M Pittman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Patrick C Moore
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Atul K Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jonathan Zerweck
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Andrew J Hawk
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Joseph R Sachleben
- Biomolecular NMR Core Facility, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Stephen C Meredith
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Jia L, Zhao W, Sang J, Wang W, Wei W, Wang Y, Zhao F, Lu F, Liu F. Inhibitory Effect of a Flavonoid Dihydromyricetin against Aβ40 Amyloidogenesis and Its Associated Cytotoxicity. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:4696-4703. [PMID: 31596069 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Misfolding and fibrillogenesis of amyloid-β protein (Aβ) play a key role in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Screening for inhibitors against Aβ amyloidogenesis is helpful for rational designing and developing new anti-AD drugs and therapeutic strategies. Dihydromyricetin, a natural flavonoid extracted from a Chinese herb, Ampelopsis grossedentata, has been proven with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects against neurodegenerative disease. Herein, we found that dihydromyricetin could inhibit Aβ40 aggregation, impede the protofibril formation, disassemble preformed Aβ40 fibrils, and protect PC12 cells from the Aβ40-induced cytotoxicity using a series of biochemical and biophysical assays, including thioflavin T fluorescence, atomic force microscopy, and cell toxicity assays. Circular dichroism spectroscopy data proved that dihydromyricetin delayed the Aβ40 conformational conversion. In addition, the results of molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the interaction between dihydromyricetin and Aβ40 trimer is mainly nonpolar interactions. Key residues (i.e., V18, A21, and D23) of the Aβ40 interacting with dihydromyricetin were also identified. This study suggested that dihydromyricetin shows great potential to be developed as a novel Aβ40 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longgang Jia
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Wenping Zhao
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Jingcheng Sang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Fang Zhao
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Fuping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Fufeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
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Umar T, Shalini S, Raza MK, Gusain S, Kumar J, Seth P, Tiwari M, Hoda N. A multifunctional therapeutic approach: Synthesis, biological evaluation, crystal structure and molecular docking of diversified 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives against Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 175:2-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Owen MC, Gnutt D, Gao M, Wärmländer SKTS, Jarvet J, Gräslund A, Winter R, Ebbinghaus S, Strodel B. Effects of in vivo conditions on amyloid aggregation. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:3946-3996. [PMID: 31192324 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00034d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
One of the grand challenges of biophysical chemistry is to understand the principles that govern protein misfolding and aggregation, which is a highly complex process that is sensitive to initial conditions, operates on a huge range of length- and timescales, and has products that range from protein dimers to macroscopic amyloid fibrils. Aberrant aggregation is associated with more than 25 diseases, which include Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and type II diabetes. Amyloid aggregation has been extensively studied in the test tube, therefore under conditions that are far from physiological relevance. Hence, there is dire need to extend these investigations to in vivo conditions where amyloid formation is affected by a myriad of biochemical interactions. As a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases, these interactions need to be understood in detail to develop novel therapeutic interventions, as millions of people globally suffer from neurodegenerative disorders and type II diabetes. The aim of this review is to document the progress in the research on amyloid formation from a physicochemical perspective with a special focus on the physiological factors influencing the aggregation of the amyloid-β peptide, the islet amyloid polypeptide, α-synuclein, and the hungingtin protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Owen
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - David Gnutt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany and Lead Discovery Wuppertal, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Mimi Gao
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany and Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, R&D, Industriepark Höchst, 65926 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sebastian K T S Wärmländer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jüri Jarvet
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Astrid Gräslund
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roland Winter
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Simon Ebbinghaus
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Birgit Strodel
- Institute of Complex Systems: Structural Biochemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 42525 Jülich, Germany. and Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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37
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Thu TTM, Co NT, Tu LA, Li MS. Aggregation rate of amyloid beta peptide is controlled by beta-content in monomeric state. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:225101. [PMID: 31202253 DOI: 10.1063/1.5096379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the key factors that govern the rate of protein aggregation is of immense interest since protein aggregation is associated with a number of neurodegenerative diseases. Previous experimental and theoretical studies have revealed that the hydrophobicity, charge, and population of the fibril-prone monomeric state control the fibril formation rate. Because the fibril structures consist of cross beta sheets, it is widely believed that those sequences that have a high beta content (β) in the monomeric state should have high aggregation rates as the monomer can serve as a template for fibril growth. However, this important fact has never been explicitly proven, motivating us to carry out this study. Using replica exchange molecular dynamics simulation with implicit water, we have computed β of 19 mutations of amyloid beta peptide of 42 residues (Aβ42) for which the aggregation rate κ has been measured experimentally. We have found that κ depends on β in such a way that the higher the propensity to aggregation, the higher the beta content in the monomeric state. Thus, we have solved a long-standing problem of the dependence of fibril formation time of the β-structure on a quantitative level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Thi Minh Thu
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology, SBI Building, Quang Trung Software City, Tan Chanh Hiep Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Truong Co
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ly Anh Tu
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology-VNU HCM, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Mai Suan Li
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
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38
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Turner M, Mutter ST, Kennedy-Britten OD, Platts JA. Molecular dynamics simulation of aluminium binding to amyloid-β and its effect on peptide structure. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217992. [PMID: 31185053 PMCID: PMC6559712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple microsecond-length molecular dynamics simulations of complexes of Al(III) with amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides of varying length are reported, employing a non-bonded model of Al-coordination to the peptide, which is modelled using the AMBER ff14SB forcefield. Individual simulations reach equilibrium within 100 to 400 ns, as determined by root mean square deviations, leading to between 2.1 and 2.7 μs of equilibrated data. These reveal a compact set of configurations, with radius of gyration similar to that of the metal free peptide but larger than complexes with Cu, Fe and Zn. Strong coordination through acidic residues Glu3, Asp7 and Glu11 is maintained throughout all trajectories, leading to average coordination numbers of approximately 4 to 5. Helical conformations predominate, particularly in the longer Al-Aβ40 and Al-Aβ42 peptides, while β-strand forms are rare. Binding of the small, highly charged Al(III) ion to acidic residues in the N-terminus strongly disrupts their ability to engage in salt bridges, whereas residues outside the metal binding region engage in salt bridges to similar extent to the metal-free peptide, including the Asp23-Lys28 bridge known to be important for formation of fibrils. High helical content and disruption of salt bridges leads to characteristic tertiary structure, as shown by heat maps of contact between residues as well as representative clusters of trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Turner
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Shaun T. Mutter
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - James A. Platts
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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39
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Liu C, Zhao W, Xing X, Shi H, Kang B, Liu H, Li P, Ai H. An Original Monomer Sampling from a Ready‐Made Aβ
42
NMR Fibril Suggests a Turn‐β‐Strand Synergetic Seeding Mechanism. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:1649-1660. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201801137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengqiang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Jinan Jinan 250022 China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Jinan Jinan 250022 China
| | - Xiaofeng Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Jinan Jinan 250022 China
| | - Hu Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China
| | - Baotao Kang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Jinan Jinan 250022 China
| | - Haiying Liu
- School of PhysicsUniversity of Jinan Jinan 250022 China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQufu Normal University Qufu 273165 China
| | - Hongqi Ai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Jinan Jinan 250022 China
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40
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Yamamoto M, Shinoda K, Sasaki D, Kanai M, Sohma Y. Design and properties of [Met35(O)]Aβ42-lactam(Asp23/Lys28) possessing a lactam tether as a salt-bridge surrogate. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:888-893. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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41
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Turner M, Mutter ST, Kennedy-Britten OD, Platts JA. Replica exchange molecular dynamics simulation of the coordination of Pt( ii)-Phenanthroline to amyloid-β. RSC Adv 2019; 9:35089-35097. [PMID: 35530686 PMCID: PMC9074135 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04637b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We report replica exchange molecular dynamics (REMD) simulations of the complex formed between amyloid-β peptides and platinum bound to a phenanthroline ligand, Pt(phen). After construction of an AMBER-style forcefield for the Pt complex, REMD simulation employing temperatures between 270 and 615 K was used to provide thorough sampling of the conformational freedom available to the peptide. We find that the full length peptide Aβ42, in particular, frequently adopts a compact conformation with a large proportion of α- and 3,10-helix content, with smaller amounts of β-strand in the C-terminal region of the peptide. Helical structures are more prevalent than in the metal-free peptide, while turn and strand conformations are markedly less common. Non-covalent interactions, including salt-bridges, hydrogen bonds, and π-stacking between aromatic residues and the phenanthroline ligand, are common, and markedly different from those seen in the amyloid-β peptides alone. Replica exchange molecular dynamics are used to explore the conformational freedom of amyloid-βbound to Pt(phenanthroline), highlighting important differences in secondary and tertiary structure from the metal-free peptide.![]()
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42
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Mutter ST, Turner M, Deeth RJ, Platts JA. Metal Binding to Amyloid-β 1-42: A Ligand Field Molecular Dynamics Study. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:2795-2806. [PMID: 29898363 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligand field molecular mechanics simulation has been used to model the interactions of copper(II) and platinum(II) with the amyloid-β1-42 peptide monomer. Molecular dynamics over several microseconds for both metalated systems are compared to analogous results for the free peptide. Significant differences in structural parameters are observed, both between Cu and Pt bound systems as well as between free and metal-bound peptide. Both metals stabilize the formation of helices in the peptide as well as reducing the content of β secondary structural elements compared to the unbound monomer. This is in agreement with experimental reports of metals reducing β-sheet structures, leading to formation of amorphous aggregates over amyloid fibrils. The shape and size of the peptide structures also undergo noteworthy change, with the free peptide exhibiting globular-like structure, platinum(II) system adopting extended structures, and copper(II) system resulting in a mixture of conformations similar to both of these. Salt bridge networks exhibit major differences: the Asp23-Lys28 salt bridge, known to be important in fibril formation, has a differing distance profile within all three systems studied. Salt bridges in the metal binding region of the peptide are strongly altered; in particular, the Arg5-Asp7 salt bridge, which has an occurrence of 71% in the free peptide, is reduced to zero in the presence of both metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun T. Mutter
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Turner
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J. Deeth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - James A. Platts
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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43
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Mehrazma B, Opare S, Petoyan A, Rauk A. d-Amino Acid Pseudopeptides as Potential Amyloid-Beta Aggregation Inhibitors. Molecules 2018; 23:E2387. [PMID: 30231520 PMCID: PMC6225248 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A causative factor for neurotoxicity associated with Alzheimer's disease is the aggregation of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide into soluble oligomers. Two all d-amino acid pseudo-peptides, SGB1 and SGD1, were designed to stop the aggregation. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been carried out to study the interaction of the pseudo-peptides with both Aβ13⁻23 (the core recognition site of Aβ) and full-length Aβ1⁻42. Umbrella sampling MD calculations have been used to estimate the free energy of binding, ∆G, of these peptides to Aβ13⁻23. The highest ∆Gbinding is found for SGB1. Each of the pseudo-peptides was also docked to Aβ1⁻42 and subjected up to seven microseconds of all atom molecular dynamics simulations. The resulting structures lend insight into how the dynamics of Aβ1⁻42 are altered by complexation with the pseudo-peptides and confirmed that SGB1 may be a better candidate for developing into a drug to prevent Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsheh Mehrazma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary; Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Stanley Opare
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary; Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Anahit Petoyan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary; Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Arvi Rauk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary; Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
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44
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Khatua P, Bandyopadhyay S. Dynamical crossover of water confined within the amphiphilic nanocores of aggregated amyloid β peptides. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:14835-14845. [PMID: 29781021 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01942h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
It is believed that the self-assembly of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides in the brain is the cause of Alzheimer's disease. Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of aqueous solutions of Aβ protofilaments of different sizes at room temperature have been carried out to explore the dynamic properties of water confined within the core and at the exterior surface of the protofilaments. Attempts have been made to understand how the non-uniform distortion of the protofilaments associated with their structural crossover influences the diffusivity and the hydrogen bonding environment of the confined water molecules. In contrast to the homogeneous solvent dynamical environment at the exterior surface, the calculations revealed heterogeneously restricted motions of water confined within the distorted cores of the protofilaments. Importantly, it is demonstrated that the structural crossover of the aggregates observed for the decamer is associated with a dynamical transition of water confined within its core. A direct one-to-one correlation between the heterogeneously restricted core water motions and the kinetics of the breaking and formation of hydrogen bonds quantitatively demonstrated that a modified hydrogen bond arrangement within the cores of higher order Aβ protofilaments is the origin behind the crossover in core water mobility. A fraction of the water molecules forming short-lived water-water hydrogen bonds within the core of the crossover protofilament decamer are believed to diffuse away easily from the core and thus play a crucial role in further growth of the protofilament by facilitating the binding of new peptide monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabir Khatua
- Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721302, India.
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45
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Khatua P, Bandyopadhyay S. Understanding the microscopic origin behind heterogeneous properties of water confined in and around A β17-42 protofilaments. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:065101. [PMID: 30111136 DOI: 10.1063/1.5040672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides in the brain is responsible for one of the most devastating neurodegenerative diseases, namely, Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we have carried out atomistic molecular dynamics simulations to explore the effects of non-uniform structural distortions of Aβ17-42 pre-fibrillar aggregates of different sizes on the microscopic structure and ordering of water molecules confined within their amphiphilic nanocores. The calculations revealed non-uniform peptide-water interactions resulting in simultaneous existence of both highly ordered and disordered water molecules within the spatially heterogeneous confined environment of the protofilament cores. It is found that the high degree of ordering originates from a sizable fraction of doubly coordinated core water molecules, while the randomly oriented ones are those that are coordinated with three neighbors in their first coordination shells. Furthermore, it is quantitatively demonstrated that relative fractions of these two types of water molecules are correlated with the protofilament core topology and the degree of confinement within that. It is proposed that the ordered core waters are likely to stabilize the Aβ protofilaments by screening the residue charges and favoring water-mediated salt bridge formations, while the randomly oriented ones can drive further growth of the protofilaments by being displaced easily during the docking of additional peptides. In that way, both types of core water molecules can play equally important roles in controlling the growth and stability of the Aβ-aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabir Khatua
- Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Sanjoy Bandyopadhyay
- Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
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46
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Saini RK, Shuaib S, Goyal D, Goyal B. Molecular insights into the effect L17A/F19A double mutation on the structure and dynamics of Aβ
40
: A molecular dynamics simulation study. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8949-8961. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajneet Kaur Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University Fatehgarh Sahib India
| | - Suniba Shuaib
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University Fatehgarh Sahib India
| | - Deepti Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University Fatehgarh Sahib India
| | - Bhupesh Goyal
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology Patiala India
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47
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Liang C, Hsieh MC, Li NX, Lynn DG. Conformational evolution of polymorphic amyloid assemblies. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2018; 51:135-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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48
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Morris C, Cupples S, Kent TW, Elbassal EA, Wojcikiewicz EP, Yi P, Du D. N-Terminal Charged Residues of Amyloid-β Peptide Modulate Amyloidogenesis and Interaction with Lipid Membrane. Chemistry 2018; 24:9494-9498. [PMID: 29738067 PMCID: PMC6035087 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Interactions of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides and cellular membranes are proposed to be closely related with Aβ neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we systematically investigated the effect of the N-terminal hydrophilic region of Aβ40 on its amyloidogenesis and interaction with supported phospholipid bilayer. Our results show that modulation of the charge properties of the dynamic N-terminal region dramatically influences the aggregation properties of Aβ. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that the N-terminal charged residues play a crucial role in driving the early adsorption and latter remobilization of the peptide on membrane bilayer, and mediating the rigidity and viscoelasticity properties of the bound Aβ40 at the membrane interface. The results provide new mechanistic insight into the early Aβ-membrane interactions and binding, which may be critical for elucidating membrane-mediated Aβ amyloidogenesis in a physiological environment and unravelling the origin of Aβ neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifford Morris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Shirin Cupples
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatics Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
- Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Thomas W Kent
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Esmail A Elbassal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Ewa P Wojcikiewicz
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Peng Yi
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatics Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Deguo Du
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
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49
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Zhao W, Ai H. Effect of pH on Aβ 42 Monomer and Fibril-like Oligomers-Decoding in Silico of the Roles of pK Values of Charged Residues. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:1103-1116. [PMID: 29380494 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201701384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ) is the key to developing Alzheimer's disease. Experiments have confirmed that different acidity influences directly not only the structural morphology and population of Aβ oligomers, but also the toxicity. The atomic-level association between the pH, charged residues, and Aβ properties remains obscure. Herein, conformational changes of Aβ42 monomer, fibril-like trimer, and pentamer in the medium pH range of 4.0-7.5 are studied. The results reveal that, as the pH changes from 7.5 to the isoelectric pH, His6, His13, and His14 are protonated in turn, successively approach the center of mass of folded Aβ monomer, trigger ionic interactions and changes of neighboring turns (Asp7-Ser8, His14-Lys16) and even a distant one (Leu34-Met35), as well as concomitant changes of secondary structure, and promote the conformation transition from unfolded to folded. This observation discloses that protonation can convert these charged residues from originally hydrophilic to "hydrophobic-like". For fibril-like oligomers, the pH susceptibility essentially stems from the pK values of charged residues in the context of the Aβ fibril, and in turn one can predict the dynamic behavior of these residues in the processes of dissociation or stabilization of a fibril by comparing the pK values of residues involved in salt bridges in the normal state with those in the current context. This idea is justified by two fibril models and appears to be applicable to other peptides and their fibril systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory, of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Hongqi Ai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory, of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China
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50
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Hane FT, Lee BY, Leonenko Z. Recent Progress in Alzheimer's Disease Research, Part 1: Pathology. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 57:1-28. [PMID: 28222507 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The field of Alzheimer's disease (AD) research has grown exponentially over the past few decades, especially since the isolation and identification of amyloid-β from postmortem examination of the brains of AD patients. Recently, the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease (JAD) put forth approximately 300 research reports which were deemed to be the most influential research reports in the field of AD since 2010. JAD readers were asked to vote on these most influential reports. In this 3-part review, we review the results of the 300 most influential AD research reports to provide JAD readers with a readily accessible, yet comprehensive review of the state of contemporary research. Notably, this multi-part review identifies the "hottest" fields of AD research providing guidance for both senior investigators as well as investigators new to the field on what is the most pressing fields within AD research. Part 1 of this review covers pathogenesis, both on a molecular and macro scale. Part 2 review genetics and epidemiology, and part 3 covers diagnosis and treatment. This part of the review, pathology, reviews amyloid-β, tau, prions, brain structure, and functional changes with AD and the neuroimmune response of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis T Hane
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Brenda Y Lee
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Zoya Leonenko
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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