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Bruder MR, Aucoin MG. Utility of Alternative Promoters for Foreign Gene Expression Using the Baculovirus Expression Vector System. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122670. [PMID: 36560674 PMCID: PMC9786725 DOI: 10.3390/v14122670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) is a widely used platform for recombinant protein production for use in a wide variety of applications. Of particular interest is production of virus-like particles (VLPs), which consist of multiple viral proteins that self-assemble in strict stoichiometric ratios to mimic the structure of a virus but lacks its genetic material, while a significant amount of effort has been spent on optimizing expression ratios by co-infecting cells with multiple recombinant BEVs and modulating different process parameters, co-expressing multiple foreign genes from a single rBEV may offer more promise. However, there is currently a lack of promoters available with which to optimize co-expression of each foreign gene. To address this, previously published transcriptome data was used to identify promoters that have incrementally lower expression profiles and compared by expressing model cytoplasmic and secreted proteins. Bioinformatics was also used to identify sequence determinants that may be important for late gene transcription regulation, and translation initiation. The identified promoters and bioinformatics analyses may be useful for optimizing expression of foreign genes in the BEVS.
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Grose C, Putman Z, Esposito D. A review of alternative promoters for optimal recombinant protein expression in baculovirus-infected insect cells. Protein Expr Purif 2021; 186:105924. [PMID: 34087362 PMCID: PMC8266756 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2021.105924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Generating recombinant proteins in insect cells has been made possible via the use of the Baculovirus Expression Vector System (BEVS). Despite the success of many proteins via this platform, some targets remain a challenge due to issues such as cytopathic effects, the unpredictable nature of co-infection and co-expressions, and baculovirus genome instability. Many promoters have been assayed for the purpose of expressing diverse proteins in insect cells, and yet there remains a lack of implementation of those results when reviewing the landscape of commercially available baculovirus vectors. In advancing the platform to produce a greater variety of proteins and complexes, the development of such constructs cannot be avoided. A better understanding of viral gene regulation and promoter options including viral, synthetic, and insect-derived promoters will be beneficial to researchers looking to utilize BEVS by recruiting these intricate mechanisms of gene regulation for heterologous gene expression. Here we summarize some of the developments that could be utilized to improve the expression of recombinant proteins and multi-protein complexes in insect cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carissa Grose
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - Zoe Putman
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Dominic Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
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Chang YH, Chiao DJ, Hsu YL, Lin CC, Wu HL, Shu PY, Chang SF, Chang JH, Kuo SC. Mosquito Cell-Derived Japanese Encephalitis Virus-Like Particles Induce Specific Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Mice. Viruses 2020; 12:v12030336. [PMID: 32204533 PMCID: PMC7150764 DOI: 10.3390/v12030336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the major cause of an acute encephalitis syndrome in many Asian countries, despite the fact that an effective vaccine has been developed. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are self-assembled multi-subunit protein structures which possess specific epitope antigenicities related to corresponding native viruses. These properties mean that VLPs are considered safe antigens that can be used in clinical applications. In this study, we developed a novel baculovirus/mosquito (BacMos) expression system which potentially enables the scalable production of JEV genotype III (GIII) VLPs (which are secreted from mosquito cells). The mosquito-cell-derived JEV VLPs comprised 30-nm spherical particles as well as precursor membrane protein (prM) and envelope (E) proteins with densities that ranged from 30% to 55% across a sucrose gradient. We used IgM antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to assess the resemblance between VLPs and authentic virions and thereby characterized the epitope specific antigenicity of VLPs. VLP immunization was found to elicit a specific immune response toward a balanced IgG2a/IgG1 ratio. This response effectively neutralized both JEV GI and GIII and elicited a mixed Th1/Th2 response in mice. This study supports the development of mosquito cell-derived JEV VLPs to serve as candidate vaccines against JEV.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Cell Line
- Culicidae/virology
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Encephalitis Virus, Japanese/immunology
- Encephalitis Virus, Japanese/ultrastructure
- Encephalitis, Japanese/immunology
- Encephalitis, Japanese/virology
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Epitopes/immunology
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Immunity, Cellular
- Immunity, Humoral
- Mice
- Neutralization Tests
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/immunology
- Virion
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsiu Chang
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (D.-J.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-L.W.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Der-Jiang Chiao
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (D.-J.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-L.W.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Yu-Lin Hsu
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (D.-J.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-L.W.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Chang-Chi Lin
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (D.-J.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-L.W.); (J.-H.C.)
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Ling Wu
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (D.-J.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-L.W.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Pei-Yun Shu
- Center for Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11561, Taiwan; (P.-Y.S.); (S.-F.C.)
| | - Shu-Fen Chang
- Center for Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11561, Taiwan; (P.-Y.S.); (S.-F.C.)
| | - Jui-Huan Chang
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (D.-J.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-L.W.); (J.-H.C.)
| | - Szu-Cheng Kuo
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (D.-J.C.); (Y.-L.H.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-L.W.); (J.-H.C.)
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-8177-7038 (ext. 19946)
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Goswami R, Subramanian G, Silayeva L, Newkirk I, Doctor D, Chawla K, Chattopadhyay S, Chandra D, Chilukuri N, Betapudi V. Gene Therapy Leaves a Vicious Cycle. Front Oncol 2019; 9:297. [PMID: 31069169 PMCID: PMC6491712 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The human genetic code encrypted in thousands of genes holds the secret for synthesis of proteins that drive all biological processes necessary for normal life and death. Though the genetic ciphering remains unchanged through generations, some genes get disrupted, deleted and or mutated, manifesting diseases, and or disorders. Current treatment options—chemotherapy, protein therapy, radiotherapy, and surgery available for no more than 500 diseases—neither cure nor prevent genetic errors but often cause many side effects. However, gene therapy, colloquially called “living drug,” provides a one-time treatment option by rewriting or fixing errors in the natural genetic ciphering. Since gene therapy is predominantly a viral vector-based medicine, it has met with a fair bit of skepticism from both the science fraternity and patients. Now, thanks to advancements in gene editing and recombinant viral vector development, the interest of clinicians and pharmaceutical industries has been rekindled. With the advent of more than 12 different gene therapy drugs for curing cancer, blindness, immune, and neuronal disorders, this emerging experimental medicine has yet again come in the limelight. The present review article delves into the popular viral vectors used in gene therapy, advances, challenges, and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Goswami
- Neuroscience Branch, Research Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen, MD, United States
| | - Gayatri Subramanian
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Liliya Silayeva
- Neuroscience Branch, Research Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen, MD, United States
| | - Isabelle Newkirk
- Neuroscience Branch, Research Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen, MD, United States
| | - Deborah Doctor
- Neuroscience Branch, Research Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen, MD, United States
| | - Karan Chawla
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Saurabh Chattopadhyay
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Dhyan Chandra
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Nageswararao Chilukuri
- Neuroscience Branch, Research Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen, MD, United States
| | - Venkaiah Betapudi
- Neuroscience Branch, Research Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen, MD, United States.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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5
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Engineering of the baculovirus expression system for optimized protein production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:113-123. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9474-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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6
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Li Y, Yi X, Zhuang Y, Chu J. Regulation of porcine circovirus type 2-like particles expressed in baculovirus expression system. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-016-0114-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Martínez-Solís M, Gómez-Sebastián S, Escribano JM, Jakubowska AK, Herrero S. A novel baculovirus-derived promoter with high activity in the baculovirus expression system. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2183. [PMID: 27375973 PMCID: PMC4928464 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) has been widely used to produce a large number of recombinant proteins, and is becoming one of the most powerful, robust, and cost-effective systems for the production of eukaryotic proteins. Nevertheless, as in any other protein expression system, it is important to improve the production capabilities of this vector. The orf46 viral gene was identified among the most highly abundant sequences in the transcriptome of Spodoptera exigua larvae infected with its native baculovirus, the S. exigua multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV). Different sequences upstream of the orf46 gene were cloned, and their promoter activities were tested by the expression of the GFP reporter gene using the Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) vector system in different insect cell lines (Sf21, Se301, and Hi5) and in larvae from S. exigua and Trichoplusia ni. The strongest promoter activity was defined by a 120 nt sequence upstream of the ATG start codon for the orf46 gene. On average, GFP expression under this new promoter was more than two fold higher than the expression obtained with the standard polyhedrin (polh) promoter. Additionally, the orf46 promoter was also tested in combination with the polh promoter, revealing an additive effect over the polh promoter activity. In conclusion, this new characterized promoter represents an excellent alternative to the most commonly used baculovirus promoters for the efficient expression of recombinant proteins using the BEVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Martínez-Solís
- Department of Genetics, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain; Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - José M Escribano
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA) , Madrid , Spain
| | | | - Salvador Herrero
- Department of Genetics, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain; Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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8
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Contreras-Gómez A, Sánchez-Mirón A, García-Camacho F, Molina-Grima E, Chisti Y. Protein production using the baculovirus-insect cell expression system. Biotechnol Prog 2014; 30:1-18. [PMID: 24265112 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The baculovirus-insect cell expression system is widely used in producing recombinant proteins. This review is focused on the use of this expression system in developing bioprocesses for producing proteins of interest. The issues addressed include: the baculovirus biology and genetic manipulation to improve protein expression and quality; the suppression of proteolysis associated with the viral enzymes; the engineering of the insect cell lines for improved capability in glycosylation and folding of the expressed proteins; the impact of baculovirus on the host cell and its implications for protein production; the effects of the growth medium on metabolism of the host cell; the bioreactors and the associated operational aspects; and downstream processing of the product. All these factors strongly affect the production of recombinant proteins. The current state of knowledge is reviewed.
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López-Vidal J, Gómez-Sebastián S, Sánchez-Ramos I, Escribano JM. Characterization of a Trichoplusia ni hexamerin-derived promoter in the AcMNPV baculovirus vector. J Biotechnol 2013; 165:201-8. [PMID: 23578810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The promoter sequences of the encoding genes for the three most abundant hexamerins of the Lepidoptera Trichoplusia ni were isolated and cloned into the Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV)-derived baculovirus expression vector. From the sequences analyzed, the DNA region driving the expression of the Basic juvenile hormone-suppressible protein 2 (BJHSP-2), denominated pB2, presented the highest promoter strength in the context of the baculovirus vector in Sf21 insect cells. This promoter activity occurred earlier in baculovirus-infected cells than that achieved by a conventional polyhedrin promoter (polh), but surprisingly stopped at 48h post-infection. A mapping of pB2 essential promoter elements determined that a region of about 400bp, denominated pB29, retained and even increased the transcriptional activity with respect to the parental full-length sequence. Finally, several chimeric combinations of the insect-derived pB2 with the virus-derived conventional polh or p10 promoters were constructed and incorporated into an AcMNPV baculovirus vector. The pB2-p10 combination showed increased recombinant protein expression at early times post-infection and similar expression levels at very late times post-infection in Sf21 cells with respect to conventional late promoters. To the best of our knowledge, pB2 is the first promoter isolated from the Lepidoptera T. ni, the natural host of AcMNPV, to be assayed in a baculovirus expression vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier López-Vidal
- Alternative Gene Expression S.L. (ALGENEX), Centro Empresarial, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
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10
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Li SF, Wang HL, Hu ZH, Deng F. Genetic modification of baculovirus expression vectors. Virol Sin 2012; 27:71-82. [PMID: 22491998 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-012-3236-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As a protein expression vector, the baculovirus demonstrates many advantages over other vectors. With the development of biotechnology, baculoviral vectors have been genetically modified to facilitate high level expression of heterologous proteins in both insect and mammalian cells. These modifications include utilization of different promoters and signal peptides, deletion or replacement of viral genes for increasing protein secretion, integration of polycistronic expression cassette for producing protein complexes, and baculovirus pseudotyping, promoter accommodation or surface display for enhancing mammalian cell targeting gene delivery. This review summarizes the development and the current state of art of the baculovirus expression system. Further development of baculovirus expression systems will make them even more feasible and accessible for advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-fen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Joint-Lab of Invertebrate Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
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11
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Nagai S, Alves CAF, Kobayashi M, Ikeda M. Comparative transient expression assay analysis of hycu-hr6- and IE1-dependent regulation of baculovirus gp64 early promoters in three insect cell lines. Virus Res 2010; 155:83-90. [PMID: 20837073 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2010.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2010] [Revised: 08/28/2010] [Accepted: 08/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the Hyphantria cunea multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (HycuMNPV) gp64 gene (hycu-gp64) is uniquely localized on the viral genome with a large homologous region of 1582bp, hycu-hr6, immediately upstream of the hycu-gp64 gene. In the present study, we compared the regulation of gp64 early promoters from HycuMNPV, Autographa californica multicapsid NPV (AcMNPV) and Bombyx mori NPV (BmNPV) by cis-acting hycu-hr6 and trans-acting IE1s in three cell lines (Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9, Bombyx mori BM-N and Spilosoma imparilis SpIm). A transient expression assay with plasmids harboring a reporter luciferase gene demonstrated that the gp64 early promoters are positively regulated by hycu-hr6, independent of virus and cell types. In contrast, gp64 early promoters were regulated positively or negatively by trans-acting IE1s, in a cell- and virus-type dependent manner, indicating that cellular factors, as well as viral factors, are responsible for IE1-dependent regulation of gp64 early promoters. However, hycu-gp64 early promoter activity was consistently suppressed by HycuMNPV IE1 (Hycu-IE1), irrespective of the cell lines used. Analysis of the hycu-gp64 early promoter region revealed two novel sequence elements that were involved in Hycu-IE1-dependent negative regulation of the hycu-gp64 early promoter. These two novel regulatory sequence elements could compensate for each other but could not be substituted with AcMNPV IE1 binding motif (Ac-IBM). These results suggest that IE1 regulates gp64 early promoters to produce the proper amount of GP64 protein, depending upon NPV-insect cell systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setsuko Nagai
- Laboratory of Sericulture and Entomoresources, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Cohen DPA, Marek M, Davies BG, Vlak JM, van Oers MM. Encyclopedia of Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus genes. Virol Sin 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s12250-009-3059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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13
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hycu-hr6, A large homologous region of the Hyphantria cunea nucleopolyhedrovirus genome, as a powerful and versatile enhancer in insect expression systems. Virus Genes 2009; 39:403-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11262-009-0406-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Accepted: 09/25/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Wang X, Li L, Ding S, Huang X, Zhang J, Yin J, Zhong J. Chicken HS4 insulator significantly improves baculovirus-mediated foreign gene expression in insect cells by modifying the structure of neighbouring chromatin in virus minichromosome. J Biotechnol 2009; 142:193-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2009.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Revised: 06/07/2009] [Accepted: 06/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Fath-Goodin A, Kroemer J, Martin S, Reeves K, Webb BA. Polydnavirus Genes that Enhance the Baculovirus Expression Vector System. Adv Virus Res 2006; 68:75-90. [PMID: 16997009 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3527(06)68002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) is a powerful and versatile system for protein expression, which has many advantages. However, a limitation of any lytic viral expression system, including BEVS, is that death and lysis of infected insect cells terminates protein production. This results in interruption of protein production and higher production costs due to the need to set up new infections, maintain uninfected cells, and produce pure viral stocks. Genetic methods to slow or prevent cell death while maintaining high-level, virus-driven protein production could dramatically increase protein yields. Several approaches have been used to improve the BEVS and increase the synthesis of functional proteins. Successful enhancement of the BEVS was obtained when various gene elements were added to the virus, secretion and posttranslational processing were modified, or protein integrity was improved. A gene family from the insect virus Campoletis sonorensis ichnovirus (CsIV) was discovered that delays lysis of baculovirus-infected cells, thereby significantly enhancing recombinant protein production in the BEVS system. By using the CsIV vankyrin gene family, protein production in the vankyrin-enhanced BEVS (VE-BEVS) was increased by a factor of 4- to 15-fold by either coexpressing the vankyrin protein from a dual BEVS or by providing its activity in trans by expressing the vankyrin protein from a stably transformed cell line. In sum, VE-BEVS is an enhancement of the existing BEVS technology that markedly improves protein expression levels while reducing the cost of labor and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Fath-Goodin
- Department of Entomology, S-225 Agricultural Science Building North University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA
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Abstract
Since the discovery that baculoviruses can efficiently transduce mammalian cells, baculoviruses have been extensively studied as potential vectors for both in vitro and in vivo gene therapy. This chapter reviews the history of this research area, cells permissive to baculovirus transduction, factors influencing transduction and transgene expression, efforts to improve transduction, mechanisms of virus entry and intracellular trafficking, applications for in vivo and ex vivo gene therapy, as well as advantages, limitations, and safety issues concerning use of baculoviruses as gene therapy vectors. Recent progress and efforts directed toward overcoming existing bottlenecks are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu, Taiwan 300
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17
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Baculovirus as versatile vectors for protein expression in insect and mammalian cells. Nat Biotechnol 2005; 23:567-75. [PMID: 15877075 PMCID: PMC3610534 DOI: 10.1038/nbt1095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 683] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Today, many thousands of recombinant proteins, ranging from cytosolic enzymes to membrane-bound proteins, have been successfully produced in baculovirus-infected insect cells. Yet, in addition to its value in producing recombinant proteins in insect cells and larvae, this viral vector system continues to evolve in new and unexpected ways. This is exemplified by the development of engineered insect cell lines to mimic mammalian cell glycosylation of expressed proteins, baculovirus display strategies and the application of the virus as a mammalian-cell gene delivery vector. Novel vector design and cell engineering approaches will serve to further enhance the value of baculovirus technology.
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Hu YC. Baculovirus as a highly efficient expression vector in insect and mammalian cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2005; 26:405-16. [PMID: 15780188 PMCID: PMC7091893 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2005.00078.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2004] [Accepted: 12/24/2004] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Baculovirus has been widely used for the production of recombinant proteins in insect cells. Since the finding that baculovirus can efficiently transduce mammalian cells, the applications of baculovirus have been greatly expanded. The prospects and drawbacks of baculovirus-mediated gene expression, either in insect or in mammalian cells, are reviewed. Recent progresses in expanding the applications to studies of gene regulation, viral vector preparation, in vivo and ex vivo gene therapy studies, generation of vaccine vectors, etc are discussed and the efforts directed towards overcoming the existing bottlenecks are particularly emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-chen Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, China.
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