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Liu G, Guo B, Luo M, Sun S, Lin Q, Kan Q, He Z, Miao J, Du H, Xiao H, Cao Y. A comprehensive review on preparation, structure-activities relationship, and calcium bioavailability of casein phosphopeptides. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:996-1014. [PMID: 36052610 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2111546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Calcium is one of the important elements for human health. Calcium deficiencies can lead to numerous diseases. Calcium chelating peptides have shown potential application in the management of calcium deficiencies. Casein phosphopeptides (CPP) are phosphoseryl-containing fragments of casein by enzymatic hydrolysis or fermentation during manufacture of milk products as well as during intestinal digestion. An increasing number of CPP with the ability to facilitate and enhance the bioavailability of calcium are being discovered and identified. In this review, 249 reported CPP derived from four types of bovine casein (αs1, αs2, β and κ) were collected, and the amino acid sequence and phosphoserine group information were sorted out. This review outlines the current enzyme hydrolysis, detection methods, purification, structure-activity relationship and mechanism of intestinal calcium absorption in vitro and in vivo as well as application of CPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baoyan Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minna Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Shengwei Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianru Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qixin Kan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeqi He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyin Miao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengjun Du
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Luo M, Xiao J, Sun S, Cui F, Liu G, Li W, Li Y, Cao Y. Deciphering calcium-binding behaviors of casein phosphopeptides by experimental approaches and molecular simulation. Food Funct 2020; 11:5284-5292. [PMID: 32458848 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00844c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Casein phosphopeptides (CPPs) as premium additives in functional foods can facilitate the transport and adsorption of calcium. The atomic resolution decipherment of calcium-CPP binding behaviors is critical for understanding the calcium bioavailability enhancement potential of CPPs. In the present study, the experimental methods (UV-vis, FTIR and isothermal titration calorimetry) and molecular dynamics simulation were combined to reveal the calcium-binding behaviors of β-casein phosphopeptides (1-25) (P5) with the best capability in carrying calcium ions. We found that it could carry approximately six calcium ions, and the calcium-binding sites were primarily located at the carbonyl group of Glu-2 and the phosphate group of phosphorylated Ser-15, Ser-18, and Ser-19. An interesting finding was that calcium ions could be bound by three coordinated modes, including unidentate, bidentate and tridentate geometries, resulting in the strong binding abilities. The binding process of calcium ions to P5 was spontaneous with the binding free energies of -5.2 kcal mol-1. Hydrophobic interactions were considered to be the major driving force for the calcium ion binding. The present study provides novel molecular insights into the binding process between Ca2+ and calcium-binding peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Engineering Research Center for Natural Actives, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. and Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Engineering Research Center for Natural Actives, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. and Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fengchao Cui
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials, Changchun institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Guo Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Engineering Research Center for Natural Actives, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Engineering Research Center for Natural Actives, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Yunqi Li
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials, Changchun institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Engineering Research Center for Natural Actives, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. and Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Rieloff E, Skepö M. Phosphorylation of a Disordered Peptide-Structural Effects and Force Field Inconsistencies. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:1924-1935. [PMID: 32050065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b01190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorylation is one of the most abundant types of post-translational modifications of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs). This study examines the conformational changes in the 15-residue-long N-terminal fragment of the IDP statherin upon phosphorylation, using computer simulations with two different force fields: AMBER ff99SB-ILDN and CHARMM36m. The results from the simulations are compared with experimental small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and circular dichroism data. In the unphosphorylated state, the two force fields are in excellent agreement regarding global structural properties such as size and shape. However, they exhibit some differences in the extent and type of the secondary structure. In the phosphorylated state, neither of the force fields performs well compared to the experimental data. Both force fields show a compaction of the peptide upon phosphorylation, greater than what is seen in SAXS experiments, although they differ in the local structure. While the CHARMM force field increases the fraction of bends in the peptide as a response to strong interactions between the phosphorylated residues and arginines, the AMBER force field shows an increase of the helical content in the N-terminal part of the peptide, where the phosphorylated residues reside, in better agreement with circular dichroism results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Rieloff
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marie Skepö
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.,LINXS-Lund Institute of Advanced Neutron and X-ray Science, Scheelevägen 19, SE-223 70 Lund, Sweden
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Zhou M, Xia Y, Cao F, Li N, Hemar Y, Tang S, Sun Y. A theoretical and experimental investigation of the effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate on the structural and conformational properties of bovine β-casein. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:1551-1561. [PMID: 30663758 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01967c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A predicted three-dimensional structure of bovine β-casein was constructed using homology modeling with the aid of MODELLER and I-TASSER programs, with the validity and reliability of the models evaluated according to stereochemical qualities and small angle X-ray scattering. By comparing the results obtained from the two models using the CRYSOL program, an optimal model of the β-casein structure derived from I-TASSER was selected and used in subsequent molecular dynamics (MD) analysis. 300 ns MD simulations of β-casein in water and in the presence of different SDS concentrations at 300 K were performed. The results of the MD simulations indicated that SDS molecules played a dual role in modifying the conformation of β-casein at 300 K. Concentrations of SDS below its CMC (1 mM), at which only the monomer form of SDS was present, induced β-casein to lose its secondary structure by converting helices into random coils; however the conformation of the complex was still comparable with that of native β-casein. In the presence of 10 mM SDS (above its CMC), the helical content of β-casein was increased along with reduced random coils, and the structural rearrangement led to a more compact conformation. The latter change is likely related to the hydrophobic interactions that dominate the binding of the C-terminal region, along with the anchoring of sulfate groups of SDS on the positively charged N-terminal portion via electrostatic attraction. Hydrogen bonding supplemented the SDS-induced stabilization of β-casein. A correlated "necklace and bead" model, in which the micelles nucleate on the protein hydrophobic sites, was proposed for the structure of β-casein-SDS complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhou
- School of Food Science and Technology & School of Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, China.
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Langella E, Buonanno M, Vullo D, Dathan N, Leone M, Supuran CT, De Simone G, Monti SM. Biochemical, biophysical and molecular dynamics studies on the proteoglycan-like domain of carbonic anhydrase IX. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:3283-3296. [PMID: 29564477 PMCID: PMC11105230 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2798-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human carbonic anhydrase IX (hCA IX) is a tumour-associated enzyme present in a limited number of normal tissues, but overexpressed in several malignant human tumours. It is a transmembrane protein, where the extracellular region consists of a greatly investigated catalytic CA domain and a much less investigated proteoglycan-like (PG) domain. Considering its important role in tumour biology, here, we report for the first time the full characterization of the PG domain, providing insights into its structural and functional features. In particular, this domain has been produced at high yields in bacterial cells and characterized by means of biochemical, biophysical and molecular dynamics studies. Results show that it belongs to the family of intrinsically disordered proteins, being globally unfolded with only some local residual polyproline II secondary structure. The observed conformational flexibility may have several important roles in tumour progression, facilitating interactions of hCA IX with partner proteins assisting tumour spreading and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Langella
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Buonanno
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - Nina Dathan
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Marilisa Leone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppina De Simone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134, Naples, Italy.
| | - Simona Maria Monti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134, Naples, Italy.
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Li L, Wang L, Alexov E. On the energy components governing molecular recognition in the framework of continuum approaches. Front Mol Biosci 2015; 2:5. [PMID: 25988173 PMCID: PMC4429657 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2015.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular recognition is a process that brings together several biological macromolecules to form a complex and one of the most important characteristics of the process is the binding free energy. Various approaches exist to model the binding free energy, provided the knowledge of the 3D structures of bound and unbound molecules. Among them, continuum approaches are quite appealing due to their computational efficiency while at the same time providing predictions with reasonable accuracy. Here we review recent developments in the field emphasizing on the importance of adopting adequate description of physical processes taking place upon the binding. In particular, we focus on the efforts aiming at capturing some of the atomistic details of the binding phenomena into the continuum framework. When possible, the energy components are reviewed independently of each other. However, it is pointed out that rigorous approaches should consider all energy contributions on the same footage. The two major schemes for utilizing the individual energy components to predict binding affinity are outlined as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Computational Biophysics and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, Clemson University Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Lin Wang
- Computational Biophysics and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, Clemson University Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Emil Alexov
- Computational Biophysics and Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, Clemson University Clemson, SC, USA
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Redwan EM, Almehdar HA, EL-Fakharany EM, Baig AWK, Uversky VN. Potential antiviral activities of camel, bovine, and human lactoperoxidases against hepatitis C virus genotype 4. RSC Adv 2015; 5:60441-60452. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11768b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactoperoxidases (LPOs) were assayed against hepatitis C virus (HCV) using PCR. Direct interaction of HCV with LPO neutralized the viral particles and prevented entry into cells. LPOs inhibited virus amplification in infected HepG2 cells with a relative activity of 100%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elrashdy M. Redwan
- Department of Biological Science
- Faculty of Science
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein A. Almehdar
- Department of Biological Science
- Faculty of Science
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Esmail M. EL-Fakharany
- Protective and Therapeutic Proteins Laboratory
- Protein Research Department
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute GEBRI
- City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications
- Alexandria
| | - Abdul-Wahab K. Baig
- Department of Biological Science
- Faculty of Science
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Biological Science
- Faculty of Science
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah 21589
- Saudi Arabia
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