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Zhang Y, Sultonova RD, You SH, Choi Y, Kim SY, Lee WS, Seong J, Min JJ, Hong Y. The anticancer effect of PASylated calreticulin-targeting L-ASNase in solid tumor bearing mice with immunogenic cell death-inducing chemotherapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 210:115473. [PMID: 36863616 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
L-Asparaginase (L-ASNase), a bacterial enzyme that degrades asparagine, has been commonly used in combination with several chemical drugs to treat malignant hematopoietic cancers such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In contrast, the enzyme was known to inhibit the growth of solid tumor cells in vitro, but not to be effective in vivo. We previously reported that two novel monobodies (CRT3 and CRT4) bound specifically with calreticulin (CRT) exposed on tumor cells and tissues during immunogenic cell death (ICD). Here, we engineered L-ASNases conjugated with monobodies at the N-termini and PAS200 tags at the C-termini (CRT3LP and CRT4LP). These proteins were expected to possess four monobody and PAS200 tag moieties, which did not disrupt the L-ASNase conformation. These proteins were expressed 3.8-fold more highly in E. coli than those without PASylation. The purified proteins were highly soluble, with much greater apparent molecular weights than expected ones. Their affinity (Kd) against CRT was about 2 nM, 4-fold higher than that of monobodies. Their enzyme activity (∼6.5 IU/nmol) was similar to that of L-ASNase (∼7.2 IU/nmol), and their thermal stability was significantly increased at 55 °C. Their half-life times were > 9 h in mouse sera, about 5-fold longer than that of L-ASNase (∼1.8 h). Moreover, CRT3LP and CRT4LP bound specifically with CRT exposed on tumor cells in vitro, and additively suppressed the tumor growth in CT-26 and MC-38 tumor-bearing mice treated with ICD-inducing drugs (doxorubicin and mitoxantrone) but not with a non-ICD-inducing drug (gemcitabine). All data indicated that PASylated CRT-targeted L-ASNases enhanced the anticancer efficacy of ICD-inducing chemotherapy. Taken together, L-ASNase would be a potential anticancer drug for treating solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Rukhsora D Sultonova
- Institute for Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan You
- Institute for Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjoo Choi
- Combinatorial Tumor Immunotherapy MRC, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Kim
- Institute for Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Sik Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyoun Seong
- Institute for Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea; Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Joon Min
- Institute for Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeongjin Hong
- Institute for Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea; Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Republic of Korea.
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2
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La Sala G, Michiels C, Kükenshöner T, Brandstoetter T, Maurer B, Koide A, Lau K, Pojer F, Koide S, Sexl V, Dumoutier L, Hantschel O. Selective inhibition of STAT3 signaling using monobodies targeting the coiled-coil and N-terminal domains. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4115. [PMID: 32807795 PMCID: PMC7431413 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17920-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor STAT3 is frequently activated in human solid and hematological malignancies and remains a challenging therapeutic target with no approved drugs to date. Here, we develop synthetic antibody mimetics, termed monobodies, to interfere with STAT3 signaling. These monobodies are highly selective for STAT3 and bind with nanomolar affinity to the N-terminal and coiled-coil domains. Interactome analysis detects no significant binding to other STATs or additional off-target proteins, confirming their exquisite specificity. Intracellular expression of monobodies fused to VHL, an E3 ubiquitin ligase substrate receptor, results in degradation of endogenous STAT3. The crystal structure of STAT3 in complex with monobody MS3-6 reveals bending of the coiled-coil domain, resulting in diminished DNA binding and nuclear translocation. MS3-6 expression strongly inhibits STAT3-dependent transcriptional activation and disrupts STAT3 interaction with the IL-22 receptor. Therefore, our study establishes innovative tools to interfere with STAT3 signaling by different molecular mechanisms. STAT3 is an attractive therapeutic target but its homology with other STAT proteins complicates the development of selective inhibitors. Here, the authors develop monobodies with high affinity and selectivity for STAT3 and show that they can interfere with cellular STAT3 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory La Sala
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Camille Michiels
- Experimental Medicine Unit, De Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tim Kükenshöner
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tania Brandstoetter
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Maurer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Akiko Koide
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 522 1st Avenue, New York, 10016, NY, USA.,Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, 522 1st Avenue, New York, 10016, NY, USA
| | - Kelvin Lau
- Protein Crystallography Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florence Pojer
- Protein Crystallography Core Facility, School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shohei Koide
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, 522 1st Avenue, New York, 10016, NY, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, 522 1st Avenue, New York, 10016, NY, USA
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laure Dumoutier
- Experimental Medicine Unit, De Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Oliver Hantschel
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Philipps-University of Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 1, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
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3
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Chandler PG, Buckle AM. Development and Differentiation in Monobodies Based on the Fibronectin Type 3 Domain. Cells 2020; 9:E610. [PMID: 32143310 PMCID: PMC7140400 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a non-antibody scaffold, monobodies based on the fibronectin type III (FN3) domain overcome antibody size and complexity while maintaining analogous binding loops. However, antibodies and their derivatives remain the gold standard for the design of new therapeutics. In response, clinical-stage therapeutic proteins based on the FN3 domain are beginning to use native fibronectin function as a point of differentiation. The small and simple structure of monomeric monobodies confers increased tissue distribution and reduced half-life, whilst the absence of disulphide bonds improves stability in cytosolic environments. Where multi-specificity is challenging with an antibody format that is prone to mis-pairing between chains, multiple FN3 domains in the fibronectin assembly already interact with a large number of molecules. As such, multiple monobodies engineered for interaction with therapeutic targets are being combined in a similar beads-on-a-string assembly which improves both efficacy and pharmacokinetics. Furthermore, full length fibronectin is able to fold into multiple conformations as part of its natural function and a greater understanding of how mechanical forces allow for the transition between states will lead to advanced applications that truly differentiate the FN3 domain as a therapeutic scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter G. Chandler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia;
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4
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Dzuricky M, Xiong S, Weber P, Chilkoti A. Avidity and Cell Uptake of Integrin-Targeting Polypeptide Micelles is Strongly Shape-Dependent. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:6124-6132. [PMID: 31389705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We describe a genetically encoded micelle for targeted delivery consisting of a diblock polypeptide with segments derived from repetitive protein motifs inspired by Drosophila melanogaster Rec-1 resilin and human tropoelastin with a C-terminal fusion of an integrin-targeting fibronectin type III domain. By systematically varying the weight fraction of the hydrophilic elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) block and molecular weight of the diblock polypeptide, we designed micelles of different morphologies that modulate the binding avidity of the human wild-type 10th fibronectin domain (Fn3) as a function of shape. We show that wormlike micelles that present the Fn3 domain have a 1000-fold greater avidity for the αvβ3 receptor compared to the monomer ligand and an avidity that is greater than a clinically relevant antibody that is driven by their multivalency. The amplified avidity of these micelles leads to significantly increased cellular internalization, a feature that may have utility for the intracellular delivery of drugs that are loaded into the core of these micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dzuricky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - Sinan Xiong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - Patrick Weber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute , University of Basel , Basel 4056 , Switzerland
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
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5
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Yu X, Yang YP, Dikici E, Deo SK, Daunert S. Beyond Antibodies as Binding Partners: The Role of Antibody Mimetics in Bioanalysis. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2017; 10:293-320. [PMID: 28375702 PMCID: PMC5895458 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061516-045205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of novel binding proteins or antibody mimetics capable of binding to ligand analytes in a manner analogous to that of the antigen-antibody interaction has spurred increased interest in the biotechnology and bioanalytical communities. The goal is to produce antibody mimetics designed to outperform antibodies with regard to binding affinities, cellular and tumor penetration, large-scale production, and temperature and pH stability. The generation of antibody mimetics with tailored characteristics involves the identification of a naturally occurring protein scaffold as a template that binds to a desired ligand. This scaffold is then engineered to create a superior binder by first creating a library that is then subjected to a series of selection steps. Antibody mimetics have been successfully used in the development of binding assays for the detection of analytes in biological samples, as well as in separation methods, cancer therapy, targeted drug delivery, and in vivo imaging. This review describes recent advances in the field of antibody mimetics and their applications in bioanalytical chemistry, specifically in diagnostics and other analytical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136;
| | - Yu-Ping Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136;
| | - Emre Dikici
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136;
| | - Sapna K Deo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136;
| | - Sylvia Daunert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136;
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6
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Huang R, Gorman KT, Vinci CR, Dobrovetsky E, Gräslund S, Kay BK. Streamlining the Pipeline for Generation of Recombinant Affinity Reagents by Integrating the Affinity Maturation Step. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:23587-603. [PMID: 26437402 PMCID: PMC4632715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161023587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Often when generating recombinant affinity reagents to a target, one singles out an individual binder, constructs a secondary library of variants, and affinity selects a tighter or more specific binder. To enhance the throughput of this general approach, we have developed a more integrated strategy where the "affinity maturation" step is part of the phage-display pipeline, rather than a follow-on process. In our new schema, we perform two rounds of affinity selection, followed by error-prone PCR on the pools of recovered clones, generation of secondary libraries, and three additional rounds of affinity selection, under conditions of off-rate competition. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by generating low nanomolar fibronectin type III (FN3) monobodies to five human proteins: ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 R1 (CDC34), COP9 signalosome complex subunit 5 (COPS5), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 (MAP2K5), Splicing factor 3A subunit 1 (SF3A1) and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 11 (USP11). The affinities of the resulting monobodies are typically in the single-digit nanomolar range. We demonstrate the utility of two binders by pulling down the targets from a spiked lysate of HeLa cells. This integrated approach should be applicable to directed evolution of any phage-displayed affinity reagent scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renhua Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 S. Ashland Ave., Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | - Kevin T Gorman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 S. Ashland Ave., Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | - Chris R Vinci
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 S. Ashland Ave., Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | - Elena Dobrovetsky
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, 101 College St., Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada.
| | - Susanne Gräslund
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, 101 College St., Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada.
| | - Brian K Kay
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 S. Ashland Ave., Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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7
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Vazquez-Lombardi R, Phan TG, Zimmermann C, Lowe D, Jermutus L, Christ D. Challenges and opportunities for non-antibody scaffold drugs. Drug Discov Today 2015; 20:1271-83. [PMID: 26360055 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The first candidates from the promising class of small non-antibody protein scaffolds are now moving into clinical development and practice. Challenges remain, and scaffolds will need to be further tailored toward applications where they provide real advantages over established therapeutics to succeed in a rapidly evolving drug development landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Vazquez-Lombardi
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Tri Giang Phan
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Carsten Zimmermann
- University of San Diego, School of Business Administration, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego, CA 92110, USA
| | - David Lowe
- MedImmune Ltd., Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Lutz Jermutus
- MedImmune Ltd., Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, UK; Trinity Hall, University of Cambridge, Trinity Lane CB2 1TJ, UK.
| | - Daniel Christ
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; The University of New South Wales, Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
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8
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Bellucci JJ, Bhattacharyya J, Chilkoti A. A Noncanonical Function of Sortase Enables Site-Specific Conjugation of Small Molecules to Lysine Residues in Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Bellucci JJ, Bhattacharyya J, Chilkoti A. A noncanonical function of sortase enables site-specific conjugation of small molecules to lysine residues in proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:441-5. [PMID: 25363491 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We provide the first demonstration that isopeptide ligation, a noncanonical activity of the enzyme sortase A, can be used to modify recombinant proteins. This reaction was used in vitro to conjugate small molecules to a peptide, an engineered targeting protein, and a full-length monoclonal antibody with an exquisite level of control over the site of conjugation. Attachment to the protein substrate occurred exclusively through isopeptide bonds at a lysine ε-amino group within a specific amino acid sequence. This reaction allows more than one molecule to be site-specifically conjugated to a protein at internal sites, thereby overcoming significant limitations of the canonical native peptide ligation reaction catalyzed by sortase A. Our method provides a unique chemical ligation procedure that is orthogonal to existing methods, supplying a new method to site-specifically modify lysine residues that will be a valuable addition to the protein conjugation toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Bellucci
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 (USA) http://www.chilkotilab.pratt.duke.edu
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10
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Kim D, Friedman AD, Liu R. Tetraspecific ligand for tumor-targeted delivery of nanomaterials. Biomaterials 2014; 35:6026-36. [PMID: 24786763 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The polygenetic nature of most cancers emphasizes the necessity of cancer therapies that target multiple essential signaling pathways. However, there is a significant paucity of targeting ligands with multi-specificities for targeted delivery of biomaterials. To address this unmet need, we generated a tetraspecific targeting ligand that recognizes four different cancer biomarkers, including VEGFR2, αvβ3 integrin, EGFR, and HER2 receptors, which have been implicated in numerous malignant tumors. The tetraspecific targeting ligand was constructed by sequentially connecting four targeting ligand subunits via flexible linkers, yielding a fusion protein that can be highly expressed in Escherichia coli and readily purified to near homogeneity. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), Bio-Layer Interferometry (BLI) studies and extensive cellular binding analyses indicated that all the targeting ligand subunits in the tetraspecific fusion protein recognized their target receptors proximately to the corresponding monospecific ligands. The resulting tetraspecific targeting ligand was applied for the delivery of nanomaterials such as gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for targeted hyperthermic killing of various cancer cell lines with biomarkers of interest expressed. We demonstrate that the tetraspecific ligand can be facilely introduced on the surface of AuNPs and efficient target-dependent killing of cancer cells can be achieved only when the AuNPs are conjugated with the tetraspecific ligand. Significantly, the tetraspecific ligand simultaneously interacts with more than one receptors, such as EGFR and HER2 receptors, when they are expressed on the surface of the same cell, as demonstrated by in vitro binding assays and cell binding analyses. Our results demonstrate that the tetraspecific ligand, through multivalency and synergistic binding, can be readily used to generate various 'smart' biomaterials with greatly broadened tumor targeting range for simultaneous targeting of multiple signaling pathways on many different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwook Kim
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA; Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, USA
| | - Adam D Friedman
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA; Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, USA
| | - Rihe Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA; Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, USA.
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11
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Kim D, Kim SK, Valencia CA, Liu R. Tribody: robust self-assembled trimeric targeting ligands with high stability and significantly improved target-binding strength. Biochemistry 2013; 52:7283-94. [PMID: 24050811 DOI: 10.1021/bi400716w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The C-terminal coiled-coil region of mouse and human cartilage matrix protein (CMP) self-assembles into a parallel trimeric complex. Here, we report a general strategy for the development of highly stable trimeric targeting ligands (tribodies), against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) as examples, by fusing a specific target-binding moiety with a trimerization domain derived from CMP. The resulting fusion proteins can efficiently self-assemble into a well-defined parallel homotrimer with high stability. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of the trimeric targeting ligands demonstrated significantly enhanced target-binding strength compared with the corresponding monomers. Cellular-binding studies confirmed that the trimeric targeting ligands have superior binding strength toward their respective receptors. Significantly, the EGFR-binding tribody was considerably accumulated in the tumor of mice bearing xenografted EGFR-positive tumors, indicating its effective cancer-targeting feature under in vivo conditions. Our results demonstrate that CMP-based self-assembly of tribodies can be a general strategy for the facile and robust generation of trivalent targeting ligands for a wide variety of in vitro and in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwook Kim
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, United States
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12
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Heptameric targeting ligands against EGFR and HER2 with high stability and avidity. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43077. [PMID: 22912791 PMCID: PMC3415411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multivalency of targeting ligands provides significantly increased binding strength towards their molecular targets. Here, we report the development of a novel heptameric targeting system, with general applications, constructed by fusing a target-binding domain with the heptamerization domain of the Archaeal RNA binding protein Sm1 through a flexible hinge peptide. The previously reported affibody molecules against EGFR and HER2, ZEGFR and ZHER2, were used as target binding moieties. The fusion molecules were highly expressed in E. coli as soluble proteins and efficiently self-assembled into multimeric targeting ligands with the heptamer as the predominant form. We demonstrated that the heptameric molecules were resistant to protease-mediated digestion or heat- and SDS-induced denaturation. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis showed that both heptameric ZEGFR and ZHER2 ligands have a significantly enhanced binding strength to their target receptors with a nearly 100 to 1000 fold increase relative to the monomeric ligands. Cellular binding assays showed that heptameric ligands maintained their target-binding specificities similar to the monomeric forms towards their respective receptor. The non-toxic property of each heptameric ligand was demonstrated by the cell proliferation assay. In general,, the heptamerization strategy we describe here could be applied to the facile and efficient engineering of other protein domain- or short peptide-based affinity molecules to acquire significantly improved target-binding strengths with potential applications in the targeted delivery of various imaging or therapeutic agents..
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13
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Petrovskaya LE, Shingarova LN, Kryukova EA, Boldyreva EF, Yakimov SA, Guryanova SV, Novoseletsky VN, Dolgikh DA, Kirpichnikov MP. Construction of TNF-binding proteins by grafting hypervariable regions of F10 antibody on human fibronectin domain scaffold. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2012; 77:62-70. [PMID: 22339634 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297912010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. To study the possibility of constructing TNF-binding proteins by grafting hypervariable regions of immunoglobulins (CDR), we have replaced amino acid sequences of loops from the tenth type III domain of human fibronectin ((10)Fn3) by amino acid sequences of CDR from the light and heavy chains of the anti-TNF antibody F10. The assessment of TNF-binding properties of the resulting proteins by ELISA has revealed the highest activity of Hd3 containing sequences CDR-H1 and CDR-H2 of the antibody F10 and of Hd2 containing sequences CDR-H1 and CDR-H3. The proteins constructed by us on the fibronectin domain scaffold specifically bound TNF during Western blotting and also weakened its cytotoxic effect on L929 line cells. The highest neutralizing activity was demonstrated by the proteins Hd2 and Hd3, which induced, respectively, 10- and 50-fold increase in the EC(50) of TNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Petrovskaya
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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14
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Hassouneh W, Fischer K, MacEwan SR, Branscheid R, Fu CL, Liu R, Schmidt M, Chilkoti A. Unexpected Multivalent Display of Proteins by Temperature Triggered Self-Assembly of Elastin-like Polypeptide Block Copolymers. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:1598-605. [DOI: 10.1021/bm300321n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Hassouneh
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Karl Fischer
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany 55099
| | - Sarah R. MacEwan
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Robert Branscheid
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany 55099
| | - Chuan Lawrence Fu
- Eshelman School of
Pharmacy and Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Rihe Liu
- Eshelman School of
Pharmacy and Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Manfred Schmidt
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany 55099
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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15
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Hantgan RR, Stahle MC, Lord ST. Dynamic regulation of fibrinogen: integrin αIIbβ3 binding. Biochemistry 2010; 49:9217-25. [PMID: 20828133 DOI: 10.1021/bi1009858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates that two orthogonal events regulate integrin αIIbβ3's interactions with fibrinogen, its primary physiological ligand: (1) conformational changes at the αIIb-β3 interface and (2) flexibility in the carboxy terminus of fibrinogen's γ-module. The first postulate was tested by capturing αIIbβ3 on a biosensor and measuring binding by surface plasmon resonance. Binding of fibrinogen to eptifibatide-primed αIIbβ3 was characterized by a k(on) of ~2 × 10(4) L mol(-1) s(-1) and a k(off) of ~8 × 10(-5) s(-1) at 37 °C. In contrast, even at 150 nM fibrinogen, no binding was detected with resting αIIbβ3. Eptifibatide competitively inhibited fibrinogen's interactions with primed αIIbβ3 (K(i) ~0.4 nM), while a synthetic γ-module peptide (HHLGGAKQAGDV) was only weakly inhibitory (K(i) > 10 μM). The second postulate was tested by measuring αIIbβ3's interactions with recombinant fibrinogen, both normal (rFgn) and a deletion mutant lacking the γ-chain AGDV sites (rFgn γΔ408-411). Normal rFgn bound rapidly, tightly, and specifically to primed αIIbβ3; no interaction was detected with rFgn γΔ408-411. Equilibrium and transition-state thermodynamic data indicated that binding of fibrinogen to primed αIIbβ3, while enthalpy-favorable, must overcome an entropy-dominated activation energy barrier. The hypothesis that fibrinogen binding is enthalpy-driven fits with structural data showing that its γ-C peptide and eptifibatide exhibit comparable electrostatic contacts with αIIbβ3's ectodomain. The concept that fibrinogen's αIIbβ3 targeting sequence is intrinsically disordered may explain the entropy penalty that limits its binding rate. In the hemostatic milieu, platelet-platelet interactions may be localized to vascular injury sites because integrins must be activated before they can bind their most abundant ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy R Hantgan
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1016, USA.
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16
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Generation of new protein functions by nonhomologous combinations and rearrangements of domains and modules. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2009; 20:398-404. [PMID: 19700302 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2009] [Revised: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 07/25/2009] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Generation of novel protein functions is a major goal in biotechnology and also a rigorous test for our understanding of the relationship between protein structure and function. Early examples of protein engineering focused on design and directed evolution within the constraints of the original protein architecture, exemplified by the highly successful fields of antibody and enzyme engineering. Recent studies show that protein engineering strategies which step away from these natural architectures, that is by manipulating the organization of domains and modules thus mimicking nonhomologous recombination, are highly effective in producing complex and sophisticated functions in terms of both molecular recognition and regulation.
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17
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Hantgan RR, Stahle MC. Integrin Priming Dynamics: Mechanisms of Integrin Antagonist-Promoted αIIbβ3:PAC-1 Molecular Recognition. Biochemistry 2009; 48:8355-65. [DOI: 10.1021/bi900475k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roy R. Hantgan
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1016
| | - Mary C. Stahle
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1016
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18
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Bloom L, Calabro V. FN3: a new protein scaffold reaches the clinic. Drug Discov Today 2009; 14:949-55. [PMID: 19576999 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2009.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2009] [Revised: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the ten years since the first fibronectin type III (FN3) domain library was published, FN3 has continued to show promise as a scaffold for the generation of stable protein domains that bind to targets with high affinity. A variety of display systems, library designs and affinity maturation strategies have been used to generate FN3 domains with nanomolar to picomolar affinities. The first crystal structures of engineered FN3 molecules in complex with their targets have been solved, and structural studies of engineered FN3 have begun to reveal determinants of stability and to define zones that accept mutations with minimal trade-off between affinity and stability. CT-322, the first engineered FN3 to enter clinical development, is now entering Phase II trials for glioblastoma multiforme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laird Bloom
- Department of Biological Technologies, Wyeth Research, Cambridge, MA 02140, USA.
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19
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Engineered protein scaffolds as next-generation antibody therapeutics. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2009; 13:245-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.04.627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2009] [Accepted: 04/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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20
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Lusvarghi S, Kim JM, Creeger Y, Armitage BA. Refined multivalent display of bacterial spore-binding peptides. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:1815-20. [DOI: 10.1039/b820013k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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21
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Rich RL, Myszka DG. Survey of the year 2007 commercial optical biosensor literature. J Mol Recognit 2008; 21:355-400. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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