1
|
Kasteel EEJ, Darney K, Kramer NI, Dorne JLCM, Lautz LS. Human variability in isoform-specific UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: markers of acute and chronic exposure, polymorphisms and uncertainty factors. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:2637-2661. [PMID: 32415340 PMCID: PMC7395075 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02765-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are involved in phase II conjugation reactions of xenobiotics and differences in their isoform activities result in interindividual kinetic differences of UGT probe substrates. Here, extensive literature searches were performed to identify probe substrates (14) for various UGT isoforms (UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A4, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, UGT2B7 and UGT2B15) and frequencies of human polymorphisms. Chemical-specific pharmacokinetic data were collected in a database to quantify interindividual differences in markers of acute (Cmax) and chronic (area under the curve, clearance) exposure. Using this database, UGT-related uncertainty factors were derived and compared to the default factor (i.e. 3.16) allowing for interindividual differences in kinetics. Overall, results show that pharmacokinetic data are predominantly available for Caucasian populations and scarce for other populations of different geographical ancestry. Furthermore, the relationships between UGT polymorphisms and pharmacokinetic parameters are rarely addressed in the included studies. The data show that UGT-related uncertainty factors were mostly below the default toxicokinetic uncertainty factor of 3.16, with the exception of five probe substrates (1-OH-midazolam, ezetimibe, raltegravir, SN38 and trifluoperazine), with three of these substrates being metabolised by the polymorphic isoform 1A1. Data gaps and future work to integrate UGT-related variability distributions with in vitro data to develop quantitative in vitro–in vivo extrapolations in chemical risk assessment are discussed. Extensive literature search of human kinetic parameters for UGT probe substrates. Bayesian meta-analysis quantifying human variability in acute and chronic kinetic parameters. UGT isoform-related uncertainty factors were below the 3.16 kinetic default uncertainty factor for most probe substrates. Quantifying human variability in UGT polymorphisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E E J Kasteel
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.177, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - K Darney
- Risk Assessment Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 94701, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - N I Kramer
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.177, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J L C M Dorne
- European Food Safety Authority, Scientific Committee and Emerging Risks Unit, Via Carlo Magno 1A, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - L S Lautz
- Risk Assessment Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 94701, Maisons-Alfort, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Histamine N-Methyltransferase in the Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030737. [PMID: 30744146 PMCID: PMC6386932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain histamine is a neurotransmitter and regulates diverse physiological functions. Previous studies have shown the involvement of histamine depletion in several neurological disorders, indicating the importance of drug development targeting the brain histamine system. Histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT) is a histamine-metabolising enzyme expressed in the brain. Although pharmacological studies using HNMT inhibitors have been conducted to reveal the direct involvement of HNMT in brain functions, HNMT inhibitors with high specificity and sufficient blood–brain barrier permeability have not been available until now. Recently, we have phenotyped Hnmt-deficient mice to elucidate the importance of HNMT in the central nervous system. Hnmt disruption resulted in a robust increase in brain histamine concentration, demonstrating the essential role of HNMT in the brain histamine system. Clinical studies have suggested that single nucleotide polymorphisms of the human HNMT gene are associated with several brain disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Postmortem studies also have indicated that HNMT expression is altered in human brain diseases. These findings emphasise that an increase in brain histamine levels by novel HNMT inhibitors could contribute to the improvement of brain disorders.
Collapse
|
3
|
Bhattacharya R, Rose PW, Burley SK, Prlić A. Impact of genetic variation on three dimensional structure and function of proteins. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171355. [PMID: 28296894 PMCID: PMC5351996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Protein Data Bank (PDB; http://wwpdb.org) was established in 1971 as the first open access digital data resource in biology with seven protein structures as its initial holdings. The global PDB archive now contains more than 126,000 experimentally determined atomic level three-dimensional (3D) structures of biological macromolecules (proteins, DNA, RNA), all of which are freely accessible via the Internet. Knowledge of the 3D structure of the gene product can help in understanding its function and role in disease. Of particular interest in the PDB archive are proteins for which 3D structures of genetic variant proteins have been determined, thus revealing atomic-level structural differences caused by the variation at the DNA level. Herein, we present a systematic and qualitative analysis of such cases. We observe a wide range of structural and functional changes caused by single amino acid differences, including changes in enzyme activity, aggregation propensity, structural stability, binding, and dissociation, some in the context of large assemblies. Structural comparison of wild type and mutated proteins, when both are available, provide insights into atomic-level structural differences caused by the genetic variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roshni Bhattacharya
- Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Peter W. Rose
- RCSB Protein Data Bank, San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Stephen K. Burley
- RCSB Protein Data Bank, San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- RCSB Protein Data Bank, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Integrative Proteomics Research, Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, and Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Andreas Prlić
- RCSB Protein Data Bank, San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shan L, Bao AM, Swaab DF. Changes in Histidine Decarboxylase, Histamine N-Methyltransferase and Histamine Receptors in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2017; 241:259-276. [PMID: 28233178 DOI: 10.1007/164_2016_125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Compared to other monoamine neurotransmitters, information on the association between the histaminergic system and neuropsychiatric disorders is scarce, resulting in a lack of histamine-related treatment for these disorders. The current chapter tries to combine information obtained from genetic studies, neuroimaging, post-mortem human brain studies and cerebrospinal fluid measurements with data from recent clinical trials on histamine receptor agonists and antagonists, with a view to determining the possible role of the histaminergic system in neuropsychiatric disorders and to pave the way for novel histamine-related therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Shan
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 47, Amsterdam, 1105 BA, The Netherlands
| | - Ai-Min Bao
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of China, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Dick F Swaab
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 47, Amsterdam, 1105 BA, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Leucine 208 in human histamine N-methyltransferase emerges as a hotspot for protein stability rationalizing the role of the L208P variant in intellectual disability. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:188-199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
6
|
Giessen TW, von Tesmar AM, Marahiel MA. A tRNA-Dependent Two-Enzyme Pathway for the Generation of Singly and Doubly Methylated Ditryptophan 2,5-Diketopiperazines. Biochemistry 2013; 52:4274-83. [DOI: 10.1021/bi4004827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias W. Giessen
- Department of Chemistry
and LOEWE-Center for Synthetic
Microbiology, Philipps-University, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse-4,
35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexander M. von Tesmar
- Department of Chemistry
and LOEWE-Center for Synthetic
Microbiology, Philipps-University, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse-4,
35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Mohamed A. Marahiel
- Department of Chemistry
and LOEWE-Center for Synthetic
Microbiology, Philipps-University, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse-4,
35032 Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Agúndez JAG, Ayuso P, Cornejo-García JA, Blanca M, Torres MJ, Doña I, Salas M, Blanca-López N, Canto G, Rondon C, Campo P, Laguna JJ, Fernández J, Martínez C, García-Martín E. The diamine oxidase gene is associated with hypersensitivity response to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47571. [PMID: 23152756 PMCID: PMC3495953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the drugs most frequently involved in hypersensitivity drug reactions. Histamine is released in the allergic response to NSAIDs and is responsible for some of the clinical symptoms. The aim of this study is to analyze clinical association of functional polymorphisms in the genes coding for enzymes involved in histamine homeostasis with hypersensitivity response to NSAIDs. We studied a cohort of 442 unrelated Caucasian patients with hypersensitivity to NSAIDs. Patients who experienced three or more episodes with two or more different NSAIDs were included. If this requirement was not met diagnosis was established by challenge. A total of 414 healthy unrelated controls ethnically matched with patients and from the same geographic area were recruited. Analyses of the SNPs rs17740607, rs2073440, rs1801105, rs2052129, rs10156191, rs1049742 and rs1049793 in the HDC, HNMT and DAO genes were carried out by means of TaqMan assays. The detrimental DAO 16 Met allele (rs10156191), which causes decreased metabolic capacity, is overrepresented among patients with crossed-hypersensitivity to NSAIDs with an OR = 1.7 (95% CI = 1.3–2.1; Pc = 0.0003) with a gene-dose effect (P = 0.0001). The association was replicated in two populations from different geographic areas (Pc = 0.008 and Pc = 0.004, respectively).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José A. G. Agúndez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Pedro Ayuso
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Blanca
- Servicio de Alergologia, Hospital Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain
| | - María J. Torres
- Servicio de Alergologia, Hospital Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Doña
- Servicio de Alergologia, Hospital Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain
| | - María Salas
- Servicio de Alergologia, Hospital Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Gabriela Canto
- Servicio de Alergologia, Hospital Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Rondon
- Servicio de Alergologia, Hospital Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain
| | - Paloma Campo
- Servicio de Alergologia, Hospital Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain
| | - José J. Laguna
- Servicio de Alergologia, Hospital Cruz Roja, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Elena García-Martín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
R. Cardoso C, de Aguiar I, R. Camilo M, S. Lima MV, S. Ito A, S. Baptista M, Pavani C, Venâncio T, Carlos RM. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, photochemical and photophysical properties and biological activities of ruthenium complexes with mono- and bi-dentate histamine ligand. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:6726-34. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt12136k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
9
|
Palada V, Terzić J, Mazzulli J, Bwala G, Hagenah J, Peterlin B, Hung AY, Klein C, Krainc D. Histamine N-methyltransferase Thr105Ile polymorphism is associated with Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2011; 33:836.e1-3. [PMID: 21794955 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Histamine is a central neurotransmitter degraded by histamine-N-methyltransferase (HNMT). Several abnormalities in the histaminergic system were found in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), thus we tested the possible association of a Thr105Ile functional polymorphism in HNMT with PD. A total of 913 patients with PD and 958 controls were genotyped using a TaqMan RT-PCR Genotyping Assay (Foster City, California, USA). Lower frequency of HNMT Ile105 allele that is associated with decreased enzymatic activity was found in patients compared with controls (χ(2) = 11.65; p = 0.0006). We performed meta-analysis to confirm the association of Thr105Ile functional polymorphism with PD. Our results indicate that lower HNMT activity plays a role in the pathogenesis of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinko Palada
- Mediterranean Institute for Life Science, Split, Croatia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kumar A, Chiu HJ, Axelrod HL, Morse A, Elsliger MA, Wilson IA, Deacon A. Ligands in PSI structures. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2010; 66:1309-16. [PMID: 20944227 PMCID: PMC2954221 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309110008092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 65% of PSI structures report some type of ligand(s) that is bound in the crystal structure. Here, a description is given of how such ligands are handled and analyzed at the JCSG and a survey of the types, variety and frequency of ligands that are observed in the PSI structures is also compiled and analyzed, including illustrations of how these bound ligands have provided functional clues for annotation of proteins with little or no previous experimental characterization. Furthermore, a web server was developed as a tool to mine and analyze the PSI structures for bound ligands and other identifying features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Kumar
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics, http://www.jcsg.org, USA
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Hsiu-Ju Chiu
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics, http://www.jcsg.org, USA
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Herbert L. Axelrod
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics, http://www.jcsg.org, USA
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Morse
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics, http://www.jcsg.org, USA
- Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marc-André Elsliger
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics, http://www.jcsg.org, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ian A. Wilson
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics, http://www.jcsg.org, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ashley Deacon
- Joint Center for Structural Genomics, http://www.jcsg.org, USA
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dynameomics: a comprehensive database of protein dynamics. Structure 2010; 18:423-35. [PMID: 20399180 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2010.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Revised: 01/17/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic behavior of proteins is important for an understanding of their function and folding. We have performed molecular dynamics simulations of the native state and unfolding pathways of over 2000 protein/peptide systems (approximately 11,000 independent simulations) representing the majority of folds in globular proteins. These data are stored and organized using an innovative database approach, which can be mined to obtain both general and specific information about the dynamics and folding/unfolding of proteins, relevant subsets thereof, and individual proteins. Here we describe the project in general terms and the type of information contained in the database. Then we provide examples of mining the database for information relevant to protein folding, structure building, the effect of single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and drug design. The native state simulation data and corresponding analyses for the 100 most populated metafolds, together with related resources, are publicly accessible through http://www.dynameomics.org.
Collapse
|
12
|
Rutherford K, Daggett V. Polymorphisms and disease: hotspots of inactivation in methyltransferases. Trends Biochem Sci 2010; 35:531-8. [PMID: 20382027 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2010.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Revised: 03/10/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Methyltransferases catalyze the methylation processes essential for protein/DNA repair, transcriptional regulation, and drug metabolism in vivo. More than 500 human methyltransferase polymorphisms have been identified, many of which are linked to disease. We mapped all available coding polymorphisms of seven methyltransferases onto their structures to address their structural significance, and identified a polymorphic hotspot ∼20Å from the active site in four of the proteins. Molecular dynamics simulations of these proteins reveal a common mechanism of destabilization: the mutations alter important side-chain contacts within the polymorphic site that are propagated through the protein, thereby distorting the active site. We propose that this hotspot might have arisen to modulate enzymatic activity, with decreased activity actually conferring an advantage in three of the four methyltransferases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Rutherford
- Department of Biochemistry, Box 355013, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195-5013, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Keeling BH, Vilariño-Güell C, Soto-Ortolaza AI, Ross OA, Uitti RJ, Rajput A, Wszolek ZK, Farrer MJ. Histamine N-methyltransferase Thr105Ile is not associated with Parkinson's disease or essential tremor. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009; 16:112-4. [PMID: 19773194 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2009.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Revised: 08/21/2009] [Accepted: 08/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A functional variant in the Histamine N-Methyltransferase gene (HNMT - rs11558538) resulting in a threonine to isoleucine substitution (Thr105Ile) has been shown to impair histamine degradation. Two recent studies reported that the threonine allele of this polymorphism might be a risk factor for Parkinson disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) development. Although PD and ET are considered different entities, they share some clinical and pathological features, suggesting a possible joint etiology. In this study we assess the role of the Thr105Ile variant in PD and ET development, genotyping the variant in a North American Caucasian PD and ET case-control series. Statistical analysis did not identify any significant association between this variant and PD or ET; therefore, our findings do not support the HNMT Thr105Ile variant as a factor in disease development or a genetic link between the disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brett H Keeling
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Anderson PC, Daggett V. The R46Q, R131Q and R154H polymorphs of human DNA glycosylase/beta-lyase hOgg1 severely distort the active site and DNA recognition site but do not cause unfolding. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:9506-15. [PMID: 19537786 DOI: 10.1021/ja809726e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species can cause widespread cellular damage, including base alterations and strand breaks in DNA. An array of DNA-repair enzymes constitutes an essential part of the line of defense that cells use against oxidative damage to the genome. A DNA glycosylase/beta-lyase enzyme, Ogg1, scavenges the genome for 8-oxoguanine, a major mutagenic DNA adduct induced by reactive oxygen species, and catalyzes its excision and subsequent cleavage of the DNA phosphate backbone. Several polymorphisms of Ogg1, including the single amino-acid substitutions R46Q, R131Q and R154H, are associated with a variety of human cancers. These three mutations have previously been characterized experimentally but no structural data have been published. We have performed multiple molecular dynamics simulations of R46Q, R131Q and R154H human Ogg1 to predict the structural and dynamical effects of the substitutions throughout the protein and specifically within the active site and substrate recognition site. None of the substitutions induced unfolding or global structural changes, instead their effects were confined principally to the active and recognition sites. Although the enzyme active site is located 18-21 A from the three investigated mutation sites, these mutations' structural effects propagate through space and cause a major change in the orientation and chemical environment of the active site side chains. This change appears likely to compromise the ability of the Lys 249 side chain to undergo a necessary deprotonation step prior to its nucleophilic attack of the DNA. The mutations also cause an expansion of the active site cavity, which may explain the experimentally observed decreases in substrate specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Anderson
- Biomedical and Health Informatics Program, University of Washington, Box 355013, Seattle, Washington 98195-5013, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
García-Martín E, Ayuso P, Martínez C, Blanca M, Agúndez JAG. Histamine pharmacogenomics. Pharmacogenomics 2009; 10:867-83. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.09.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms for histamine-metabolizing enzymes are responsible for interindividual variation in histamine metabolism and are associated with diverse diseases. Initial reports on polymorphisms of histamine-related genes including those coding for the enzymes histidine decarboxylase (HDC), diamine oxidase (ABP1) and histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT), as well as histamine receptor genes, often have pointed to polymorphisms that occur with extremely low frequencies or that could not be verified by later studies. In contrast, common and functionally significant polymorphisms recently described have been omitted in many association studies. In this review we analyze allele frequencies, functional and clinical impact and interethnic variability on histamine-related polymorphisms. The most relevant nonsynonymous polymorphisms for the HDC gene are rs17740607 Met31Thr, rs16963486 Leu553Phe and rs2073440 Asp644Glu. For ABP1 the most relevant polymorphisms are rs10156191 Thr16Met, rs1049742 Ser332Phe, and particularly because of its functional effect, rs1049793 His645Asp. In addition the ABP1 polymorphisms rs45558339 Ile479Met and rs35070995 His659Asn are relevant to Asian and African subjects, respectively. For HNMT the only nonsynonymous polymorphism present with a relevant frequency is rs1801105 Thr105Ile. For HRH1 the polymorphism rs7651620 Glu270Gly is relevant to African subjects only. The HRH2 rs2067474 polymorphism, located in an enhancer element of the gene promoter, is common in all populations. No common nonsynonymous SNPs were observed in the HRH3 gene and two SNPs were observed with a significant frequency in the HRH4 gene: rs11665084 Ala138Val and rs11662595 His206Arg. This review summarizes relevant polymorphisms, discusses controversial findings on association of histamine-related polymorphisms and allergies and other diseases, and identifies topics requiring further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Ayuso
- University of Extremadura, Avda. de Elvas s/n, 06071, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez
- University of Extremadura, Avda. de Elvas s/n, 06071, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Miguel Blanca
- Allergy Service, Carlos Haya Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | - José AG Agúndez
- University of Extremadura, Avda. de Elvas s/n, 06071, Badajoz, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rutherford K, Le Trong I, Stenkamp R, Parson W. Crystal Structures of Human 108V and 108M Catechol O-Methyltransferase. J Mol Biol 2008; 380:120-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2008] [Revised: 04/14/2008] [Accepted: 04/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|