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Manu P, Mensah JO, Gasu EN, Borquaye LS. The Amaryllidaceae alkaloid, montanine, is a potential inhibitor of the Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase enzyme. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37870068 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2272750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is the parasite that causes the chronic malady known as Chagas disease (CD). Only nifurtimox and benznidazole are currently approved to treat CD in acute and chronic phases. To minimize the danger of disease transmission and as a therapy, new compounds that are safer and more effective are required. It has been demonstrated that Amaryllidaceae plants suppress the growth of T. cruzi - the causative agent of CD. However, little research has been done on their potential protein targets in the parasite. In this study, an in-silico approach was used to investigate the interactions of the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids with trans-sialidase, a confirmed protein target of T. cruzi. The nature and efficiency of the main binding modes of the alkaloids were investigated by molecular docking. Trans-sialidase active site residues were bound by the alkaloids with binding energies varying from -8.9 to -6.9 kcal/mol. From the molecular docking investigation, all the alkaloids had strong interactions with the crucial amino acid residues (Glu230, Tyr342, and Asp59) required for trans-sialidase catalysis. Montanine was the most stable compound throughout the molecular dynamics simulation and had a favorable docking binding energy (-8.9 kcal/mol). The binding free energy (MM-GBSA) of the montanine complex was -14.6 kcal/mol. The pharmacokinetic properties investigated demonstrated that all the evaluated compounds exhibit suitable oral administration requirements. Overall, this in silico study suggests that the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids could potentially act as inhibitors of trans-sialidase.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Manu
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Edward Ntim Gasu
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Central Laboratory, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Lawrence Sheringham Borquaye
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Central Laboratory, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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2
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Cao X, Yang X, Xiao M, Jiang X. Molecular Dynamics Simulations Reveal the Conformational Transition of GH33 Sialidases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076830. [PMID: 37047800 PMCID: PMC10095477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialidases are increasingly used in the production of sialyloligosaccharides, a significant component of human milk oligosaccharides. Elucidating the catalytic mechanism of sialidases is critical for the rational design of better biocatalysts, thereby facilitating the industrial production of sialyloligosaccharides. Through comparative all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we investigated the structural dynamics of sialidases in Glycoside Hydrolase family 33 (GH33). Interestingly, several sialidases displayed significant conformational transition and formed a new cleft in the simulations. The new cleft was adjacent to the innate active site of the enzyme, which serves to accommodate the glycosyl acceptor. Furthermore, the residues involved in the specific interactions with the substrate were evolutionarily conserved in the whole GH33 family, highlighting their key roles in the catalysis of GH33 sialidases. Our results enriched the catalytic mechanism of GH33 sialidases, with potential implications in the rational design of sialidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Cao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Min Xiao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xukai Jiang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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3
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Rosenau J, Grothaus IL, Yang Y, Kumar ND, Ciacchi LC, Kelm S, Waespy M. N-glycosylation modulates enzymatic activity of Trypanosoma congolense trans-sialidase. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102403. [PMID: 35995210 PMCID: PMC9493392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosomes cause the devastating disease trypanosomiasis, in which the action of trans-sialidase (TS) enzymes harbored on their surface is a key virulence factor. TS enzymes are N-glycosylated, but the biological functions of their glycans have remained elusive. In this study, we investigated the influence of N-glycans on the enzymatic activity and structural stability of TconTS1, a recombinant TS from the African parasite Trypanosoma congolense. We expressed the enzyme in Chinese hamster ovary Lec1 cells, which produce high-mannose type N-glycans similar to the TS N-glycosylation pattern in vivo. Our MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry data revealed that up to eight putative N-glycosylation sites were glycosylated. In addition, we determined that N-glycan removal via endoglycosidase Hf treatment of TconTS1 led to a decrease in substrate affinity relative to the untreated enzyme but had no impact on the conversion rate. Furthermore, we observed no changes in secondary structure elements of hypoglycosylated TconTS1 in CD experiments. Finally, our molecular dynamics simulations provided evidence for interactions between monosaccharide units of the highly flexible N-glycans and some conserved amino acids located at the catalytic site. These interactions led to conformational changes, possibly enhancing substrate accessibility and enzyme–substrate complex stability. The here-observed modulation of catalytic activity via N-glycans represents a so-far-unknown structure–function relationship potentially inherent in several members of the TS enzyme family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Rosenau
- University of Bremen, Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty for Biology and Chemistry, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Isabell Louise Grothaus
- University of Bremen, Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty for Biology and Chemistry, 28359 Bremen, Germany; University of Bremen, Hybrid Materials Interfaces Group, Faculty of Production Engineering, Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology (UFT), and MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Yikun Yang
- University of Bremen, Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty for Biology and Chemistry, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Nilima Dinesh Kumar
- University of Bremen, Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty for Biology and Chemistry, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Lucio Colombi Ciacchi
- University of Bremen, Hybrid Materials Interfaces Group, Faculty of Production Engineering, Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology (UFT), and MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Sørge Kelm
- University of Bremen, Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty for Biology and Chemistry, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Mario Waespy
- University of Bremen, Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty for Biology and Chemistry, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
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4
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Kashif M, Moreno-Herrera A, Lara-Ramirez EE, Ramírez-Moreno E, Bocanegra-García V, Ashfaq M, Rivera G. Recent developments in trans-sialidase inhibitors of Trypanosoma cruzi. J Drug Target 2017; 25:485-498. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2017.1289539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kashif
- Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa, Mexico
| | | | | | - Esther Ramírez-Moreno
- Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Gildardo Rivera
- Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa, Mexico
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5
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Rogers IL, Naidoo KJ. Multidimensional Reaction Dynamics Reveal How the Enzyme TcTS Suppresses Competing Side Reactions and Their Side Products. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian L. Rogers
- Scientific Computing Research Unit and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Kevin J. Naidoo
- Scientific Computing Research Unit and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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6
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It All Starts with a Sandwich: Identification of Sialidases with Trans-Glycosylation Activity. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158434. [PMID: 27367145 PMCID: PMC4930215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialidases (3.2.1.18) may exhibit trans-sialidase activity to catalyze sialylation of lactose if the active site topology is congruent with that of the Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase (EC 2.4.1.-). The present work was undertaken to test the hypothesis that a particular aromatic sandwich structure of two amino acids proximal to the active site of the T. cruzi trans-sialidase infers trans-sialidase activity. On this basis, four enzymes with putative trans-sialidase activity were identified through an iterative alignment from 2909 native sialidases available in GenBank, which were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Of these, one enzyme, SialH, derived from Haemophilus parasuis had an aromatic sandwich structure on the protein surface facing the end of the catalytic site (Phe168; Trp366), and was indeed found to exhibit trans-sialidase activity. SialH catalyzed production of the human milk oligosaccharide 3’-sialyllactose as well as the novel trans-sialylation product 3-sialyllactose using casein glycomacropeptide as sialyl donor and lactose as acceptor. The findings corroborated that Tyr119 and Trp312 in the T. cruzi trans-sialidase are part of an aromatic sandwich structure that confers trans-sialylation activity for lactose sialylation. The in silico identification of trans-glycosidase activity by rational active site topology alignment thus proved to be a quick tool for selecting putative trans-sialidases amongst a large group of glycosyl hydrolases. The approach moreover provided data that help understand structure-function relations of trans-sialidases.
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7
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Waespy M, Gbem TT, Elenschneider L, Jeck AP, Day CJ, Hartley-Tassell L, Bovin N, Tiralongo J, Haselhorst T, Kelm S. Carbohydrate Recognition Specificity of Trans-sialidase Lectin Domain from Trypanosoma congolense. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0004120. [PMID: 26474304 PMCID: PMC4608562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fourteen different active Trypanosoma congolense trans-sialidases (TconTS), 11 variants of TconTS1 besides TconTS2, TconTS3 and TconTS4, have been described. Notably, the specific transfer and sialidase activities of these TconTS differ by orders of magnitude. Surprisingly, phylogenetic analysis of the catalytic domains (CD) grouped each of the highly active TconTS together with the less active enzymes. In contrast, when aligning lectin-like domains (LD), the highly active TconTS grouped together, leading to the hypothesis that the LD of TconTS modulates its enzymatic activity. So far, little is known about the function and ligand specificity of these LDs. To explore their carbohydrate-binding potential, glycan array analysis was performed on the LD of TconTS1, TconTS2, TconTS3 and TconTS4. In addition, Saturation Transfer Difference (STD) NMR experiments were done on TconTS2-LD for a more detailed analysis of its lectin activity. Several mannose-containing oligosaccharides, such as mannobiose, mannotriose and higher mannosylated glycans, as well as Gal, GalNAc and LacNAc containing oligosaccharides were confirmed as binding partners of TconTS1-LD and TconTS2-LD. Interestingly, terminal mannose residues are not acceptor substrates for TconTS activity. This indicates a different, yet unknown biological function for TconTS-LD, including specific interactions with oligomannose-containing glycans on glycoproteins and GPI anchors found on the surface of the parasite, including the TconTS itself. Experimental evidence for such a scenario is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Waespy
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty for Biology and Chemistry, University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Thaddeus T. Gbem
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty for Biology and Chemistry, University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Leroy Elenschneider
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty for Biology and Chemistry, University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - André-Philippe Jeck
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty for Biology and Chemistry, University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Christopher J. Day
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Nicolai Bovin
- Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Joe Tiralongo
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thomas Haselhorst
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sørge Kelm
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty for Biology and Chemistry, University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, Australia
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8
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Glycosynthesis in a waterworld: new insight into the molecular basis of transglycosylation in retaining glycoside hydrolases. Biochem J 2015; 467:17-35. [PMID: 25793417 DOI: 10.1042/bj20141412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are ubiquitous in Nature and play vital roles in many biological systems. Therefore the synthesis of carbohydrate-based compounds is of considerable interest for both research and commercial purposes. However, carbohydrates are challenging, due to the large number of sugar subunits and the multiple ways in which these can be linked together. Therefore, to tackle the challenge of glycosynthesis, chemists are increasingly turning their attention towards enzymes, which are exquisitely adapted to the intricacy of these biomolecules. In Nature, glycosidic linkages are mainly synthesized by Leloir glycosyltransferases, but can result from the action of non-Leloir transglycosylases or phosphorylases. Advantageously for chemists, non-Leloir transglycosylases are glycoside hydrolases, enzymes that are readily available and exhibit a wide range of substrate specificities. Nevertheless, non-Leloir transglycosylases are unusual glycoside hydrolases in as much that they efficiently catalyse the formation of glycosidic bonds, whereas most glycoside hydrolases favour the mechanistically related hydrolysis reaction. Unfortunately, because non-Leloir transglycosylases are almost indistinguishable from their hydrolytic counterparts, it is unclear how these enzymes overcome the ubiquity of water, thus avoiding the hydrolytic reaction. Without this knowledge, it is impossible to rationally design non-Leloir transglycosylases using the vast diversity of glycoside hydrolases as protein templates. In this critical review, a careful analysis of literature data describing non-Leloir transglycosylases and their relationship to glycoside hydrolase counterparts is used to clarify the state of the art knowledge and to establish a new rational basis for the engineering of glycoside hydrolases.
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9
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Atzori A, Bruce NJ, Burusco KK, Wroblowski B, Bonnet P, Bryce RA. Exploring Protein Kinase Conformation Using Swarm-Enhanced Sampling Molecular Dynamics. J Chem Inf Model 2014; 54:2764-75. [DOI: 10.1021/ci5003334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Atzori
- Manchester
Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Neil J. Bruce
- Manchester
Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Kepa K. Burusco
- Manchester
Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Berthold Wroblowski
- Janssen Research & Development, a division of Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Pascal Bonnet
- Structural Bioinformatics & Chemoinformatics, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), UMR CNRS-Université d’Orléans 7311, Université d’Orléans, Rue de Chartres, F-45067 Orléans Cedex 02, France
| | - Richard A. Bryce
- Manchester
Pharmacy School, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
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10
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Silva BL, S. Filho JD, Andrade P, Carvalho I, Alves RJ. Design, synthesis and enzymatic evaluation of 3- O -substituted aryl β- d -galactopyranosides as inhibitors of Trypanosoma cruzi trans -sialidase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4529-4532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.07.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Galactosyl-lactose sialylation using Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase as the biocatalyst and bovine κ-casein-derived glycomacropeptide as the donor substrate. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:5984-91. [PMID: 25063655 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01465-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
trans-Sialidase (TS) enzymes catalyze the transfer of sialyl (Sia) residues from Sia(α2-3)Gal(β1-x)-glycans (sialo-glycans) to Gal(β1-x)-glycans (asialo-glycans). Aiming to apply this concept for the sialylation of linear and branched (Gal)nGlc oligosaccharide mixtures (GOS) using bovine κ-casein-derived glycomacropeptide (GMP) as the sialic acid donor, a kinetic study has been carried out with three components of GOS, i.e., 3'-galactosyl-lactose (β3'-GL), 4'-galactosyl-lactose (β4'-GL), and 6'-galactosyl-lactose (β6'-GL). This prebiotic GOS is prepared from lactose by incubation with suitable β-galactosidases, whereas GMP is a side-stream product of the dairy industry. The trans-sialidase from Trypanosoma cruzi (TcTS) was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. Its temperature and pH optima were determined to be 25°C and pH 5.0, respectively. GMP [sialic acid content, 3.6% (wt/wt); N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), >99%; (α2-3)-linked Neu5Ac, 59%] was found to be an efficient sialyl donor, and up to 95% of the (α2-3)-linked Neu5Ac could be transferred to lactose when a 10-fold excess of this acceptor substrate was used. The products of the TcTS-catalyzed sialylation of β3'-GL, β4'-GL, and β6'-GL, using GMP as the sialic acid donor, were purified, and their structures were elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Monosialylated β3'-GL and β4'-GL contained Neu5Ac connected to the terminal Gal residue; however, in the case of β6'-GL, TcTS was shown to sialylate the 3 position of both the internal and terminal Gal moieties, yielding two different monosialylated products and a disialylated structure. Kinetic analyses showed that TcTS had higher affinity for the GL substrates than lactose, while the Vmax and kcat values were higher in the case of lactose.
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12
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Bueren-Calabuig JA, Pierdominici-Sottile G, Roitberg AE. Unraveling the differences of the hydrolytic activity of Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase and Trypanosoma rangeli sialidase: a quantum mechanics-molecular mechanics modeling study. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:5807-16. [PMID: 24814976 PMCID: PMC4051249 DOI: 10.1021/jp412294r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Chagas' disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a lethal, chronic disease that currently affects more than 10 million people in Central and South America. The trans-sialidase from Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi, TcTS) is a crucial enzyme for the survival of this parasite: sialic acids from the host are transferred to the cell surface glycoproteins of the trypanosome, thereby evading the host's immune system. On the other hand, the sialidase of T. rangeli (TrSA), which shares 70% sequence identity with TcTS, is a strict hydrolase and shows no trans-sialidase activity. Therefore, TcTS and TrSA represent an excellent framework to understand how different catalytic activities can be achieved with extremely similar structures. By means of combined quantum mechanics-molecular mechanics (QM/MM, SCC-DFTB/Amberff99SB) calculations and umbrella sampling simulations, we investigated the hydrolysis mechanisms of TcTS and TrSA and computed the free energy profiles of these reactions. The results, together with our previous computational investigations, are able to explain the catalytic mechanism of sialidases and describe how subtle differences in the active site make TrSA a strict hydrolase and TcTS a more efficient trans-sialidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A. Bueren-Calabuig
- Department
of Chemistry, Quantum Theory Project, University
of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United
States
| | | | - Adrian E. Roitberg
- Department
of Chemistry, Quantum Theory Project, University
of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United
States
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Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase as a drug target against Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis). Future Med Chem 2014; 5:1889-900. [PMID: 24144418 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.13.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (or American trypanosomiasis) is a deadly tropical disease that affects millions of people worldwide, primarily in rural regions of South America. Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasitic cause of Chagas disease, possesses a membrane-anchored trans-sialidase enzyme that transfers sialic acids from the host cell surface to the parasitic cell surface, allowing T. cruzi to effectively evade the host's immune system. This enzyme has no analogous human counterpart and thus has become an interesting drug target to combat the parasite. Recent computational efforts have improved our knowledge about the enzyme's structure, dynamics and catalyzed reaction. Many compounds have been tested against trans-sialidase activity, but no strong inhibitors have been identified yet. The current lack of drugs for Chagas disease necessitates more R&D into the design and discovery of strong inhibitors of T. cruzi trans-sialidase.
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14
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Temelso B, Alser KA, Gauthier A, Palmer AK, Shields GC. Structural Analysis of α-Fetoprotein (AFP)-like Peptides with Anti-Breast-Cancer Properties. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:4514-26. [DOI: 10.1021/jp500017b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Berhane Temelso
- Dean’s
Office, College of Arts and Sciences, and Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
- Dean’s Office, College of Science and Technology, and Department of Chemistry & Physics, Armstrong Atlantic State University, 11935 Abercorn Street, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United States
| | - Katherine A. Alser
- Dean’s
Office, College of Arts and Sciences, and Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - Arianne Gauthier
- Dean’s Office, College of Science and Technology, and Department of Chemistry & Physics, Armstrong Atlantic State University, 11935 Abercorn Street, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United States
| | - Amber Kay Palmer
- Dean’s Office, College of Science and Technology, and Department of Chemistry & Physics, Armstrong Atlantic State University, 11935 Abercorn Street, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United States
| | - George C. Shields
- Dean’s
Office, College of Arts and Sciences, and Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
- Dean’s Office, College of Science and Technology, and Department of Chemistry & Physics, Armstrong Atlantic State University, 11935 Abercorn Street, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United States
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15
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Oliveira IA, Freire-de-Lima L, Penha LL, Dias WB, Todeschini AR. Trypanosoma cruzi Trans-sialidase: structural features and biological implications. Subcell Biochem 2014; 74:181-201. [PMID: 24264246 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7305-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase (TcTS) has intrigued researchers all over the world since it was shown that T. cruzi incorporates sialic acid through a mechanism independent of sialyltransferases. The enzyme has being involved in a vast myriad of functions in the biology of the parasite and in the pathology of Chagas' disease. At the structural level experiments trapping the intermediate with fluorosugars followed by peptide mapping, X-ray crystallography, molecular modeling and magnetic nuclear resonance have opened up a three-dimensional understanding of the way this enzyme works. Herein we review the multiple biological roles of TcTS and the structural studies that are slowly revealing the secrets underlining an efficient sugar transfer activity rather than simple hydrolysis by TcTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora A Oliveira
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Centro de Ciências da Saúde-Bloco D-3, 21941-902, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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16
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Oliveira IA, Gonçalves AS, Neves JL, von Itzstein M, Todeschini AR. Evidence of ternary complex formation in Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase catalysis. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:423-36. [PMID: 24194520 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.399303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase (TcTS) is a key target protein for Chagas disease chemotherapy. In this study, we investigated the implications of active site flexibility on the biochemical mechanism of TcTS. Molecular dynamics studies revealed remarkable plasticity in the TcTS catalytic site, demonstrating, for the first time, how donor substrate engagement with the enzyme induces an acceptor binding site in the catalytic pocket that was not previously captured in crystal structures. Furthermore, NMR data showed cooperative binding between donor and acceptor substrates, supporting theoretical results. In summary, our data put forward a coherent dynamic framework to understand how a glycosidase evolved its highly efficient trans-glycosidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora A Oliveira
- From the Laboratório de Glicobiologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ 21941-902, Brazil
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17
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Pierdominici-Sottile G, Palma J, Roitberg AE. Free-energy computations identify the mutations required to confer trans-sialidase activity into Trypanosoma rangeli sialidase. Proteins 2013; 82:424-35. [PMID: 23999862 DOI: 10.1002/prot.24408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma rangeli's sialidase (TrSA) and Trypanosoma cruzi's trans-sialidase (TcTS) are members of the glycoside hydrolase family 33 (GH-33). They share 70% of sequence identity and their crystallographic Cα RMSD is 0.59 Å. Despite these similarities they catalyze different reactions. TcTS transfers sialic acid between glycoconjugates while TrSA can only cleave sialic acid from sialyl-glyconjugates. Significant effort has been invested into unraveling the differences between TrSA and TcTS, and into conferring TrSA with trans-sialidase activity through appropriate point mutations. Recently, we calculated the free-energy change for the formation of the covalent intermediate (CI) in TcTS and performed an energy decomposition analysis of that process. In this article we present a similar study for the formation of the CI in TrSA, as well as in a quintuple mutant (TrSA5mut), which has faint trans-sialidase activity. The comparison of these new results with those previously obtained for TcTS allowed identifying five extra mutations to be introduced in TrSA5mut that should create a mutant (TrSA10mut ) with high trans-sialidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Pierdominici-Sottile
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Saenz Peña 352, Bernal, B1876BXD, Argentina
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18
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Design of e-pharmacophore models using compound fragments for the trans-sialidase of Trypanosoma cruzi: screening for novel inhibitor scaffolds. J Mol Graph Model 2013; 45:84-97. [PMID: 24012872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chagas' is a fatal disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The lack of safe and effective treatments for Chagas' highlights the need for the discovery of new drugs to fight the disease. Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasitic cause of Chagas' disease, synthesizes a trans-sialidase (TcTS) enzyme responsible for the transfer of sialic acids from the host cell surface to glycoconjugates on the parasitic cell surface. TcTS has no human analogs and is vital to the life cycle of T. cruzi, making TcTS an important enzyme for drug design against Chagas' disease. We use fragment docking to generate various e-pharmacophore hypotheses depicting protein residues important for ligand binding. Virtual screening of the ZINC Clean Leads database with more than 4 million compounds using the e-pharmacophore models found 82 potential inhibitors of TcTS. Molecular dynamics and free energy of binding calculations were used to rank the compounds based on their affinity for TcTS. Two compounds-ZINC13359679 and ZINC02576132-were found to be the most promising lead candidates for TcTS inhibition, and their binding modes are analyzed in detail.
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19
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Mitchell FL, Neres J, Ramraj A, Raju RK, Hillier IH, Vincent MA, Bryce RA. Insights into the activity and specificity of Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase from molecular dynamics simulations. Biochemistry 2013; 52:3740-51. [PMID: 23672572 PMCID: PMC3675669 DOI: 10.1021/bi301112p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
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Trypanosoma cruzitrans-sialidase
(TcTS), which catalyzes the transfer or hydrolysis of terminal sialic
acid residues, is crucial to the development and proliferation of
the T. cruzi parasite and thus has emerged as a potential
drug target for the treatment of Chagas disease. We here probe the
origin of the observed preference for the transfer reaction over hydrolysis
where the substrate for TcTS is the natural sialyl donor (represented
in this work by sialyllactose). Thus, acceptor lactose preferentially
attacks the sialyl-enyzme intermediate rather than water. We compare
this with the weaker preference for such transfer shown by a synthetic
donor substrate, 4-methylumbelliferyl α-d-acetylneuraminide.
For this reason, we conducted molecular dynamics simulations of TcTS
following its sialylation by the substrate to examine the behavior
of the asialyl leaving group by the protein. These simulations indicate
that, where lactose is released, this leaving group samples well-defined
interactions in the acceptor site, some of which are mediated by localized
water molecules; also, the extent of the opening of the acceptor site
to solvent is reduced as compared with those of unliganded forms of
TcTS. However, where there is release of 4-methylumbelliferone, this
leaving group explores a range of transient poses; surrounding active
site water is also more disordered. The acceptor site explores more
open conformations, similar to the case in which the 4-methylumbelliferone
is absent. Thus, the predicted solvent accessibility of sialylated
TcTS is increased when 4-methylumbelliferyl α-d-acetylneuraminide
is the substrate compared to sialyllactose; this in turn is likely
to contribute to a greater propensity for hydrolysis of the covalent
intermediate. These computational simulations, which suggest that
protein flexibility has a role in the transferase/sialidase activity
of TcTS, have the potential to aid in the design of anti-Chagas inhibitors
effective against this neglected tropical disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicity L Mitchell
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
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Guegan F, Plazolles N, Baltz T, Coustou V. Erythrophagocytosis of desialylated red blood cells is responsible for anaemia during Trypanosoma vivax infection. Cell Microbiol 2013; 15:1285-303. [PMID: 23421946 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosomal infection-induced anaemia is a devastating scourge for cattle in widespread regions. Although Trypanosoma vivax is considered as one of the most important parasites regarding economic impact in Africa and South America, very few in-depth studies have been conducted due to the difficulty of manipulating this parasite. Several hypotheses were proposed to explain trypanosome induced-anaemia but mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Here, we characterized a multigenic family of trans-sialidases in T. vivax, some of which are released into the host serum during infection. These enzymes are able to trigger erythrophagocytosis by desialylating the major surface erythrocytes sialoglycoproteins, the glycophorins. Using an ex vivo assay to quantify erythrophagocytosis throughout infection, we showed that erythrocyte desialylation alone results in significant levels of anaemia during the acute phase of the disease. Characterization of virulence factors such as the trans-sialidases is vital to develop a control strategy against the disease or parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Guegan
- Microbiologie fondamentale et Pathogénicité, UMR 5234, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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21
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Freire-de-Lima L, Oliveira IA, Neves JL, Penha LL, Alisson-Silva F, Dias WB, Todeschini AR. Sialic acid: a sweet swing between mammalian host and Trypanosoma cruzi. Front Immunol 2012; 3:356. [PMID: 23230438 PMCID: PMC3515882 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Commonly found at the outermost ends of complex carbohydrates in extracellular medium or on outer cell membranes, sialic acids play important roles in a myriad of biological processes. Mammals synthesize sialic acid through a complex pathway, but Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas’ disease, evolved to obtain sialic acid from its host through a trans-sialidase (TcTS) reaction. Studies of the parasite cell surface architecture and biochemistry indicate that a unique system comprising sialoglycoproteins and sialyl-binding proteins assists the parasite in several functions including parasite survival, infectivity, and host–cell recognition. Additionally, TcTS activity is capable of extensively remodeling host cell glycomolecules, playing a role as virulence factor. This review presents the state of the art of parasite sialobiology, highlighting how the interplay between host and parasite sialic acid helps the pathogen to evade host defense mechanisms and ensure lifetime host parasitism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Freire-de-Lima
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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22
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Coustou V, Plazolles N, Guegan F, Baltz T. Sialidases play a key role in infection and anaemia in Trypanosoma congolense animal trypanosomiasis. Cell Microbiol 2012; 14:431-45. [PMID: 22136727 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2011.01730.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Animal African trypanosomiasis is a major constraint to livestock productivity and has an important impact on millions of people in developing African countries. This parasitic disease, caused mainly by Trypanosoma congolense, results in severe anaemia leading to animal death. In order to characterize potential targets for an anti-disease vaccine, we investigated a multigenic trans-sialidase family (TcoTS) in T. congolense. Sialidase and trans-sialidase activities were quantified for the first time, as well as the tightly regulated TcoTS expression pattern throughout the life cycle. Active enzymes were expressed in bloodstream form parasites and released into the blood during infection. Using genetic tools, we demonstrated a significant correlation between TcoTS silencing and impairment of virulence during experimental infection with T. congolense. Reduced TcoTS expression affected infectivity, parasitaemia and pathogenesis development. Immunization-challenge experiments using recombinant TcoTS highlighted their potential protective use in an anti-disease vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Coustou
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Microbiologie fondamentale et Pathogénicité, Bordeaux, France.
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23
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Schauer R, Kamerling JP. The Chemistry and Biology of Trypanosomal trans-Sialidases: Virulence Factors in Chagas Disease and Sleeping Sickness. Chembiochem 2011; 12:2246-64. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Pierdominici-Sottile G, Roitberg AE. Proton transfer facilitated by ligand binding. An energetic analysis of the catalytic mechanism of Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase. Biochemistry 2011; 50:836-42. [PMID: 21162542 PMCID: PMC3033446 DOI: 10.1021/bi101648z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Trans-sialidase is a crucial enzyme for the infection of Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoa responsible for Chagas' disease in humans. This enzyme catalyzes the transfer of sialic acids from mammalian host cells to parasitic cell surfaces in order to mask the infection from the host's immune system. It represents a promising target for the development of therapeutics to treat the disease and has been subject of extensive structural studies. Elaborate experiments suggested formation of a long-lived covalent intermediate in the catalytic mechanism and identified a Tyr/Glu pair as an unusual catalytic couple. This requires that the tyrosine hydroxyl proton is transferred to the carboxylate group of glutamate before the nucleophilic attack. Since the solution pK(a)s of tyrosine and glutamate are very different, this transfer can only be accomplished if the reaction environment selectively stabilizes the product state. We compute the free energy profile for the proton transfer in different environments, and our results indicate that it can take place in the active site of trans-sialidase, but only after substrate binding. By means of the energy decomposition method, we explain the influence that the active site residues exert on the reaction and how the pattern is changed when the substrate is present. This study represents an initial step that can shed light on our understanding of the catalytic mechanism of this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Pierdominici-Sottile
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8435, USA
- Quantum Theory Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8435, USA
| | - Adrian E. Roitberg
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone: (352) 392-6972 Fax (352) 392-8722
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Mitchell FL, Miles SM, Neres J, Bichenkova EV, Bryce RA. Tryptophan as a molecular shovel in the glycosyl transfer activity of Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase. Biophys J 2010; 98:L38-40. [PMID: 20441732 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Revised: 01/05/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular dynamics investigations into active site plasticity of Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase, a protein implicated in Chagas disease, suggest that movement of the Trp(312) loop plays an important role in the enzyme's sialic acid transfer mechanism. The observed Trp(312) flexibility equates to a molecular shovel action, which leads to the expulsion of the donor aglycone leaving group from the catalytic site. These computational simulations provide detailed structural insights into sialyl transfer by the trans-sialidase and may aid the design of inhibitors effective against this neglected tropical disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicity L Mitchell
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Albohy A, Li MD, Zheng RB, Zou C, Cairo CW. Insight into substrate recognition and catalysis by the human neuraminidase 3 (NEU3) through molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis. Glycobiology 2010; 20:1127-38. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwq077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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27
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Carvalho ST, Sola-Penna M, Oliveira IA, Pita S, Goncalves AS, Neves BC, Sousa FR, Freire-de-Lima L, Kurogochi M, Hinou H, Nishimura SI, Mendonca-Previato L, Previato JO, Todeschini AR. A new class of mechanism-based inhibitors for Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase and their influence on parasite virulence. Glycobiology 2010; 20:1034-45. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwq065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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