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Kowal EA, Lad RR, Pallan PS, Dhummakupt E, Wawrzak Z, Egli M, Sturla SJ, Stone MP. Recognition of O6-benzyl-2'-deoxyguanosine by a perimidinone-derived synthetic nucleoside: a DNA interstrand stacking interaction. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 41:7566-76. [PMID: 23748954 PMCID: PMC3753623 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2'-deoxynucleoside containing the synthetic base 1-[(2R,4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-1H-perimidin-2(3H)-one] (dPer) recognizes in DNA the O(6)-benzyl-2'-deoxyguanosine nucleoside (O(6)-Bn-dG), formed by exposure to N-benzylmethylnitrosamine. Herein, we show how dPer distinguishes between O(6)-Bn-dG and dG in DNA. The structure of the modified Dickerson-Drew dodecamer (DDD) in which guanine at position G(4) has been replaced by O(6)-Bn-dG and cytosine C(9) has been replaced with dPer to form the modified O(6)-Bn-dG:dPer (DDD-XY) duplex [5'-d(C(1)G(2)C(3)X(4)A(5)A(6)T(7)T(8)Y(9)G(10)C(11)G(12))-3']2 (X = O(6)-Bn-dG, Y = dPer) reveals that dPer intercalates into the duplex and adopts the syn conformation about the glycosyl bond. This provides a binding pocket that allows the benzyl group of O(6)-Bn-dG to intercalate between Per and thymine of the 3'-neighbor A:T base pair. Nuclear magnetic resonance data suggest that a similar intercalative recognition mechanism applies in this sequence in solution. However, in solution, the benzyl ring of O(6)-Bn-dG undergoes rotation on the nuclear magnetic resonance time scale. In contrast, the structure of the modified DDD in which cytosine at position C(9) is replaced with dPer to form the dG:dPer (DDD-GY) [5'-d(C(1)G(2)C(3)G(4)A(5)A(6)T(7)T(8)Y(9)G(10)C(11)G(12))-3']2 duplex (Y = dPer) reveals that dPer adopts the anti conformation about the glycosyl bond and forms a less stable wobble pairing interaction with guanine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa A. Kowal
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Center in Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Synchrotron Research Center, Northwestern University, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Rahul R. Lad
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Center in Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Synchrotron Research Center, Northwestern University, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Pradeep S. Pallan
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Center in Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Synchrotron Research Center, Northwestern University, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Elizabeth Dhummakupt
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Center in Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Synchrotron Research Center, Northwestern University, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Zdzislaw Wawrzak
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Center in Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Synchrotron Research Center, Northwestern University, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Martin Egli
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Center in Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Synchrotron Research Center, Northwestern University, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Shana J. Sturla
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Center in Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Synchrotron Research Center, Northwestern University, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA,*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 615 322 2589; Fax: +1 615 322 7591;
| | - Michael P. Stone
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Center in Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Synchrotron Research Center, Northwestern University, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439, USA,Correspondence may also be addressed to Shana J. Sturla. Tel: +41 44 632 9175; Fax: +41 44 632 1123;
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Merritt WK, Nechev LV, Scholdberg TA, Dean SM, Kiehna SE, Chang JC, Harris TM, Harris CM, Lloyd RS, Stone MP. Structure of the 1,4-bis(2'-deoxyadenosin-N6-yl)-2R,3R-butanediol cross-link arising from alkylation of the human N-ras codon 61 by butadiene diepoxide. Biochemistry 2005; 44:10081-92. [PMID: 16042385 PMCID: PMC2585418 DOI: 10.1021/bi047263g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The solution structure of the 1,4-bis(2'-deoxyadenosin-N(6)-yl)-2R,3R-butanediol cross-link arising from N(6)-dA alkylation of nearest-neighbor adenines by butadiene diepoxide (BDO(2)) was determined in the oligodeoxynucleotide 5'-d(CGGACXYGAAG)-3'.5'-d(CTTCTTGTCCG)-3'. This oligodeoxynucleotide contained codon 61 (underlined) of the human N-ras protooncogene. The cross-link was accommodated in the major groove of duplex DNA. At the 5'-side of the cross-link there was a break in Watson-Crick base pairing at base pair X(6).T(17), whereas at the 3'-side of the cross-link at base pair Y(7).T(16), base pairing was intact. Molecular dynamics calculations carried out using a simulated annealing protocol, and restrained by a combination of 338 interproton distance restraints obtained from (1)H NOESY data and 151 torsion angle restraints obtained from (1)H and (31)P COSY data, yielded ensembles of structures with good convergence. Helicoidal analysis indicated an increase in base pair opening at base pair X(6).T(17), accompanied by a shift in the phosphodiester backbone torsion angle beta P5'-O5'-C5'-C4' at nucleotide X(6). The rMD calculations predicted that the DNA helix was not significantly bent by the presence of the four-carbon cross-link. This was corroborated by gel mobility assays of multimers containing nonhydroxylated four-carbon N(6),N(6)-dA cross-links, which did not predict DNA bending. The rMD calculations suggested the presence of hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl group located on the beta-carbon of the four-carbon cross-link and T(17) O(4), which perhaps stabilized the base pair opening at X(6).T(17) and protected the T(17) imino proton from solvent exchange. The opening of base pair X(6).T(17) altered base stacking patterns at the cross-link site and induced slight unwinding of the DNA duplex. The structural data are interpreted in terms of biochemical data suggesting that this cross-link is bypassed by a variety of DNA polymerases, yet is significantly mutagenic [Kanuri, M., Nechev, L. V., Tamura, P. J., Harris, C. M., Harris, T. M., and Lloyd, R. S. (2002) Chem. Res. Toxicol. 15, 1572-1580].
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Keither Merritt
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | | | | | - Stephen M. Dean
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Sarah E. Kiehna
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Johanna C. Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Thomas M. Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Constance M. Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | | | - Michael P. Stone
- Department of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
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