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Zotov V, Vijjamarri S, Mousavi SD, Du G. Poly(silyl ether)s as Degradable and Sustainable Materials: Synthesis and Applications. Molecules 2024; 29:1498. [PMID: 38611778 PMCID: PMC11013004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymer research is currently focused on sustainable and degradable polymers which are cheap, easy to synthesize, and environmentally friendly. Silicon-based polymers are thermally stable and can be utilized in various applications, such as columns and coatings. Poly(silyl ether)s (PSEs) are an interesting class of silicon-based polymers that are easily hydrolyzed in either acidic or basic conditions due to the presence of the silyl ether Si-O-C bond. Synthetically, these polymers can be formed in several different ways, and the most effective and environmentally friendly synthesis is dehydrogenative cross coupling, where the byproduct is H2 gas. These polymers have a lot of promise in the polymeric materials field due to their sustainability, thermal stability, hydrolytic degradability, and ease of synthesis, with nontoxic byproducts. In this review, we will summarize the synthetic approaches for the PSEs in the recent literature, followed by the properties and applications of these materials. A conclusion and perspective will be provided at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guodong Du
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, 151 Cornell Street Stop 9024, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (V.Z.); (S.V.)
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2
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Sen A, Kumar R, Tewari T, Gonnade RG, Chikkali SH. Iron-Catalyzed Alkoxylation, Dehydrogenative-Polymerization and Tandem Hydrosilylative-Alkoxylation. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301375. [PMID: 37285327 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Alkoxylation, hydrosilylative-alkoxylation, and dehydrogenative-polymerization are some of the most widely used transformations in synthetic chemistry. However, these transformations are traditionally catalyzed by precious, and rare late-transition metals. Presented here is a molecularly defined iron complex that catalyzes alkoxylation, tandem hydrosilylative-alkoxylation, and dehydrogenative polymerization of silanes under mild conditions. The iron complex [Fe(CO)4 (H)(SiPh3 )] 1 catalyzes a direct Si-O coupling reaction between an array of silanes and alcohols to produce desired alkoxysilanes in excellent yield, with H2 as the only byproduct. The iron catalyst tolerates various functional groups and provides access to 20 alkoxysilanes, including essential molecules such as β-citronellol and cholesterol. Further, complex 1 catalyzes the polymerization of renewable diol and silane monomer to produce a renewable and degradable poly(isosorbide-silyl ether). Remarkably, complex 1 catalyzes a tandem hydrosilylative-alkoxylation of alkynes under mild conditions to yield unsaturated silyl ethers. The synthetic utility has been demonstrated by gram-scale alkoxylation and hydrosilylative-alkoxylation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Sen
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, MH, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, U. P., India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, MH, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, U. P., India
| | - Tanuja Tewari
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, MH, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, U. P., India
| | - Rajesh G Gonnade
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, U. P., India
- Center for Materials Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, MH, India
| | - Samir H Chikkali
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, MH, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, U. P., India
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Sutyak K, Iezzi EB, Daniels GC, Camerino E. Hydrolytically Stable and Thermo-Mechanically Tunable Poly(Urethane) Thermoset Networks that Selectively Degrade and Generate Reusable Molecules. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:22407-22417. [PMID: 35503369 PMCID: PMC9242536 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cross-linked polymeric networks that possess tunable properties and degrade on-demand have broad applications in today's society. Herein, we report on silyl-containing poly(urethane) (silyl-PU) thermoset networks, which are highly cross-linked stimuli-responsive materials with hydrolytic stability at 37.7 °C and 95% relative humidity, thermal stability of 280-311.2 °C, tensile properties of 0.38-51.7 MPa strength and 73.7-256.4% elongation, including storage modulus of 2268-3499 MPa (in the glassy state). However, unlike traditional (i.e., nondegradable) PU thermosets, these silyl-PUs selectively activate with fluoride ion under mild and static conditions to completely degrade, via cascading bond cleavages, and generate recoverable and reusable molecules. Silyl-PUs, as thin films, also demonstrated complete removal (within 30 min) from a strongly adhered epoxy thermoset network without altering the structure of the latter. Silyl-PU thermosets have potential applications in composite parts, vehicle and industrial coatings, and rigid plastics for personal devices, and may reduce environmental waste compared to nondegradable, single-use materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith
B. Sutyak
- ASEE
Post-Doctoral Fellow, U.S. Naval Research
Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Erick B. Iezzi
- U.S.
Naval Research Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Grant C. Daniels
- U.S.
Naval Research Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Eugene Camerino
- U.S.
Naval Research Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Washington, DC 20375, United States
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4
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Synthesis of poly(silyl ether)s via copper-catalyzed dehydrocoupling polymerization. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fouilloux H, Rager M, Ríos P, Conejero S, Thomas CM. Highly Efficient Synthesis of Poly(silylether)s: Access to Degradable Polymers from Renewable Resources. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Fouilloux
- PSL University Chimie ParisTech CNRS Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris Paris 75005 France
| | - Marie‐Noelle Rager
- PSL University Chimie ParisTech CNRS Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris Paris 75005 France
| | - Pablo Ríos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) Departamento de Química Inorgánica Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA) CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla Avda. Américo Vespucio 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Salvador Conejero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) Departamento de Química Inorgánica Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA) CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla Avda. Américo Vespucio 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Christophe M. Thomas
- PSL University Chimie ParisTech CNRS Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris Paris 75005 France
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Fouilloux H, Rager MN, Ríos P, Conejero S, Thomas CM. Highly Efficient Synthesis of Poly(silylether)s: Access to Degradable Polymers from Renewable Resources. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202113443. [PMID: 34902211 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The design of new materials with tunable properties and intrinsic recyclability, derived from biomass under mild conditions, stands as a gold standard in polymer chemistry. Reported herein are platinum complexes which catalyze the formation of poly(silylether)s (PSEs) at low catalyst loadings. These polymers are directly obtained from dual-functional biobased building blocks such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) or vanillin, coupled with various dihydrosilanes. Access to different types of copolymer architectures (statistical or alternating) is highlighted by several synthetic strategies. The materials obtained were then characterized as low Tg materials (ranging from -60 to 29 °C), stable upon heating (T-5% up to 301 °C) and resistant towards uncatalyzed methanolysis. Additionally, quantitative chemical recycling of several PSEs could be triggered by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis or methanolysis. These results emphasize the interest of biobased poly(silylether)s as sustainable materials with high recycling potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Fouilloux
- PSL University, Chimie ParisTech, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Marie-Noelle Rager
- PSL University, Chimie ParisTech, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Pablo Ríos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA), CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Salvador Conejero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA), CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Christophe M Thomas
- PSL University, Chimie ParisTech, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Paris, 75005, France
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Falcón-Torres PD, Morales-Segoviano AG, Martínez-Salazar AA, Ortiz-Aldaco MG, Navarro R, Marcos-Fernández Á, Ramírez-Hernández A, Moreno KJ, Báez JE. Terpenes versus linear alkyl substituents: effect of the terminal groups on the oligomers derived from poly(ε-caprolactone). CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01727-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Vijjamarri S, Hull M, Kolodka E, Du G. Renewable Isohexide-Based, Hydrolytically Degradable Poly(silyl ether)s with High Thermal Stability. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:2881-2888. [PMID: 29958332 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Several degradable poly(silyl ether)s (PSEs) have been synthesized by dehydrogenative cross-coupling between bio-based 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitols (isosorbide and isomannide) and commercially available hydrosilanes. An air-stable manganese salen nitrido complex [MnV N(salen-3,5-tBu2 )] was employed as the catalyst. High-molecular-weight polymer was obtained from isosorbide and diphenylsilane (Mn up to 17000 g mol-1 ). Thermal analysis showed that these PSEs possessed high thermal stability with thermal decomposition temperatures (T-5 % ) of 347-446 °C and glass transition temperatures of 42-120 °C. Structure-property analysis suggested that steric bulk and molecular weight have a significant influence to determine the thermal properties of synthesized polymers. Importantly, these polymers were degraded effectively to small molecules under acidic and basic hydrolysis conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Vijjamarri
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, 151 Cornell Street Stop 9024, Grand Forks, North Dakota, 58202, USA
| | - Marianne Hull
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, 151 Cornell Street Stop 9024, Grand Forks, North Dakota, 58202, USA
| | - Edward Kolodka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of North Dakota, 241 Centennial Dr. Stop 7101, Grand Forks, North Dakota, 58202, USA
| | - Guodong Du
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, 151 Cornell Street Stop 9024, Grand Forks, North Dakota, 58202, USA
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9
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Zhai XY, Hu SB, Shi L, Zhou YG. Synthesis of Poly(silyl ethers) via Iridium-Catalyzed Dehydrocoupling Polymerization. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yong Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Bo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
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Vijjamarri S, Chidara VK, Du G. Versatile Manganese Catalysis for the Synthesis of Poly(silylether)s from Diols and Dicarbonyls with Hydrosilanes. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:582-591. [PMID: 31457456 PMCID: PMC6640981 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Poly(silylether)s are interesting materials because of their degradation property under hydrolytic conditions and have been prepared via hydrosilylation polymerization from dicarbonyl and hydrosilanes, and via dehydrogenative cross-coupling of diols and hydrosilanes under catalytic conditions. Here, we present a manganese-salen compound based on an inexpensive and nontoxic metal that could effectively catalyze both polymerization reactions with hydrosilane. A series of poly(silylether)s containing various aliphatic and aromatic backbones have been synthesized from diol and dicarbonyl substrates. Moderate to high yields of polymers with number-average molecular weights up to 15 kg/mol are obtained. Because of the dual activity of the manganese catalyst, unsymmetrical substrates with mixed functional groups, such as p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-hydroxy benzylalcohol, and 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol, have been employed to afford poly(silylether)s with multiple silicon connectivity in the main chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Vijjamarri
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, 151 Cornell Street Stop 9024, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
| | - Vamshi K. Chidara
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, 151 Cornell Street Stop 9024, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
| | - Guodong Du
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, 151 Cornell Street Stop 9024, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, United States
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11
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Bassampour ZS, Budy SM, Son DY. Degradable epoxy resins based on bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and silyl ether amine curing agents. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra S. Bassampour
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Drug Discovery, Design, and Delivery (CD4); Southern Methodist University; Dallas Texas 75275
| | - Stephen M. Budy
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Drug Discovery, Design, and Delivery (CD4); Southern Methodist University; Dallas Texas 75275
| | - David Y. Son
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Drug Discovery, Design, and Delivery (CD4); Southern Methodist University; Dallas Texas 75275
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Ware T, Jennings AR, Bassampour ZS, Simon D, Son DY, Voit W. Degradable, silyl ether thiol–ene networks. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra06997h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The polymerization of silyl ether containing thiols and alkenes results in tunable, degradable thermosets with potential in implantable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Ware
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- The University of Texas at Dallas
- Richardson, USA
| | - Abby R. Jennings
- Department of Chemistry
- Center for Drug Discovery
- Design, and Delivery (CD4)
- Southern Methodist University
- Dallas, USA
| | - Zahra S. Bassampour
- Department of Chemistry
- Center for Drug Discovery
- Design, and Delivery (CD4)
- Southern Methodist University
- Dallas, USA
| | - Dustin Simon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- The University of Texas at Dallas
- Richardson, USA
| | - David Y. Son
- Department of Chemistry
- Center for Drug Discovery
- Design, and Delivery (CD4)
- Southern Methodist University
- Dallas, USA
| | - Walter Voit
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- The University of Texas at Dallas
- Richardson, USA
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Sisson AL, Ekinci D, Lendlein A. The contemporary role of ε-caprolactone chemistry to create advanced polymer architectures. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Damodaran VB, Fee CJ. Synthesis and Evaluation of α-(β-Alanine)-ω-carboxy PEG Derivative as a Novel Cleavable Heterobifunctional PEG Tether for Solid-Phase Polymeric Drug Delivery. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2010.531811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sutthiphong S, Pavasant P, Supaphol P. Electrospun 1,6-diisocyanatohexane-extended poly(1,4-butylene succinate) fiber mats and their potential for use as bone scaffolds. POLYMER 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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